如何構建知識體系

如何構建知識體系如何構建知識體系如何構建知識體系xxx公司如何構建知識體系文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度如何構建知識體系一、明確謂語與非謂語動詞形式的行的區(qū)別（一）謂語動詞表一（主動語態(tài)）一般式完成式進行式完成進行式write/writeshave/haswrittenam,is,arewritingHave/hasbeenwritingwrotehadwrittenwas/werewritinghadbeenwritingshall/willwriteshall/willhavewrittenshall,willbewritingshall,willhavebeenwritingshould/wouldwriteshould/wouldhavewrittenwould,shouldbewritingshould,wouldhavebeenwriting表二（被動語態(tài)）式時一般式進行式完成式現在時amisseenareamisbeingseenarehasbeenseenhave過去時wasseenwerewasbeingseenwerehadbeenseen將來時shallseenwillshallhavebeenseenwill過去將來時shouldbeseenwould表三（非謂語動詞）主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)不定式一般式towritetobewritten進行式tobewriting完成式tohavewrittentohavebeenwrittenVing一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten過去分詞taken二、明確謂語動詞的否定與謂語語動詞否定的區(qū)別謂語動詞非謂語動詞Hedoesn’tlikemaths.Sheisn’tcomingtomorrow.Theyhaven’tdonetheexperimentTheenginewon’tstart.Youmustn’tleavethingseverywhere.Hedidn’tplaybasketballyesterday.Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtotheteacherforhelp.Hetoldmenottoopenthewindow.Notwelldesigned,thebridgecollapsedsoonafteritwascompleted.Hisnotcomingontimeletmedown.謂語動詞借助于助動詞+not來實現非謂語借助于not來實現三、明確主語與邏輯主語的區(qū)別主語邏輯主語ThetableismadeinChina.Hecan’tjumpthathigh.Thetallerofthetwoboysisabsent.Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.Whathesaidwasrightthen.ItissaidthathewillvisitChina.It’simportantforyoutomasteraforeignlanguage.Itwascarelessofustoforgettolockthedoor.Hetoldmetoleaveatonce.Hespokeinaloudvoicetomakehimselfheard.Heofferedtohelpus.Hisleavingisagreatloss.Doyoumindme(my)smokinghereIrememberWeiFang(WeiFang’s)goingthereWalkinginthestreet,hehappenedtomeetJane.Thetreesplantedlastyeargrowwell.WhenIcametomyself,Ifoundmyselflyinginhospital.Peopletherewereallexcitedatthenews.Howabouttwoofusgoingoutforawalk四、簡單句的構成（一）簡單句的構成（時間）+主語+謂語+狀語（方式+地點+時間）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.謂語-----時態(tài)（過去、現在、將來）、語態(tài)（主動和被動）、語氣（陳述、祈使、虛擬）（二）五個基本句型1、主系表結構連系動詞按其所表示的意義可分為以下四種：

1.變化類表事物發(fā)展變化的過程，如go,come,become,turn,grow,get,fall等。

2.感覺類表人體部位的感受，如feel,smell,taste,look,sound等。

3.狀態(tài)類表事物所處的狀態(tài)，如keep,come,run,remain,stand,lie,stay,prove,turnout等。

4.外表特征類表外表給人的印象，如appear,seem,look等。

連系動詞的作用是后接形容詞或相當于形容詞的結構作表語。除了少數幾個（如feel，get,become,grow等）外，不用于進行時態(tài)和被動結構。2、主謂結構不及物：HelivedinBeijinglastyear.Heisspeakingintheroom.Listencarefully!WouldyougothereIfIwereyou,Iwouldgo.3、主語+謂語+賓語及物動詞：單賓語：此結構是由主語+謂語+賓語夠成。其中的謂語動詞須是及物的動詞或及物的動詞詞組。賓語須是名詞或相當于名詞的成分。HeisspeakingEnglishnow.Hesawafilmyesterday.ThedeskismadeinBeijing.4、主語+謂語+間賓（人）直賓（物）雙賓語：間賓（人）直賓（物）此結構由主語+及物謂語動詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）組成。如，Hebringsmecookieseverymademeabeautifuldress.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for,如，Hebringscookiestomeeverymadeabeautifuldressforme.用to側重指動作的方向，表示朝著，向著，對著某人。用for側重指動作的受益者，表示為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語的動詞有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,

return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,owe,hand,pass等。（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,

sing,save,spare,等。5、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語Iconsideredhimagoodman,Heaskedmetoleave.Ifoundhimlyingontheground.注意：感官動詞有l(wèi)ookat,see,watch,notice,observe,listento,hear,feel,find,catch等。表“致使”意義的動詞稱之為使役動詞，如make,let,have,keep,leave,set,send等。后接非謂語動詞的不同形式作賓語補足語，表達不同的含義。后接不帶to的不定式表示一個發(fā)生過或者還沒發(fā)生具體的動作。后接V-ing形式表正在進行的動作。后接V-ed形式表被動意義。

（三）謂語與非謂語的關系1、他躺在那里。Helaythere。2、他躺在那里望著天空。A.有連詞。Helaythereandlookedintothesky.B．沒有連詞Helaythere,lookingintothesky.Thebookwrittenbyhimsellswell.Thefallenleaveshaverotten.明確兩種關系：1、與邏輯主語的關系（主動或被動關系）2、與謂語動詞的關系（同時、之前、之后）例1Don'tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.【06湖北--34】A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing例2Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto____sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.【06山東--33】A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost例3________withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.【06四川--33】A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface五、并列句Itrains.Iwillstayhome.Itrained.Istayedathome.Itrainedso/andIstayedathome.并列連詞：and,or,but,so,for,when,while,neither…nor,either…or,not…but,notonly…butalso六、復合句Becauseitrainedyesterday,Istayedathome.Thereare50studentsinourclass.30ofthemaregirls.Thereare50studentsinourclassand30ofthemaregirls.Thereare50studentsinourclass,30ofwhomaregirls.連詞狀語從句時間when,1.當…..時候whenever,every(each)time無論什么時候as,當……時候一邊…一邊since,自…..開始till,until,直到…時候為止notuntil直到…才before,after,在…之前/后assoonas,themoment,immediately,theday,theminute,thesecond一…就…once,一旦nosooner…than,hardly(scarcely)…when一…就…地點Where,在…地方（特指）wherever,everywhere任何地方（泛指）條件if,unless,as(so)longas,只要onconditionthat,條件是incase,萬一ifonly，但愿原因because,as,since,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat,inthat,inviewofthefactthat(鑒于)讓步though,although,while,雖然evenif(though),即使as,雖然（需倒裝）whatever,wherever,whoever,however,nomatter+wh詞，盡管whether…or,要么…要么…despitethefactthat盡管比較as…as,notthesameas,notso…as,than方式as,theway按照asif(though)似乎，好像目的that,sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,恐怕結果sothat,so…that,太…以致于…ThisissointerestingabookthatIliketoreadit.such…that,ThisissuchaninterestingbookthatIliketoreadit.定語從句關系代詞which,as,that,whose,who,whom關系副詞where,when,why名詞性從句which,that,whose,who,whom,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,where,when,why,how,however四、獨立主格Itraining,Istayedathome.Withtheproblemstosettle,thebossfeltworried.Withtheproblemssettled,thebossfeltrelaxed.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingagoodtime.A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettledWithalotofdishestowash,Icannotgowithyou.Withalotofdishestobewashed,thekitchenisoutoforder.后接V-ing形式動詞類：appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,dislike,delay,enjoy,escape,finish,hate,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practise,postpone,resist,risk,can’tstand,suggest等。這些動詞須接V-ing形式作賓語。后接不定式與V-ing形式意義不同動詞類

remember,try,regret,mean,forget,stop,goon,can'thelp等后接不定式與V-ing形式作賓語，表達含義不同。見下表：動詞

接動名詞作賓語接不定式作賓語can'thelp

禁不住做某事不能幫助做某事mean意味著做某事企圖（打算）做某事regret對做過的事表示后悔對要做的事表示遺憾try

嘗試做某事努力做某事remember

過去發(fā)生的動作

將來的動作goon

繼續(xù)做未完成的事情

做完一件事后，接著做另一件事forget

忘記以前曾做過某事忘記做某事stop

中斷正在做的事情中斷正在做的事去做別的事后接不定式動詞類：

afford,agree,choose,determine,expect,decide,learn,offer,manage,hope,want,wish,promise,refuse,fail,pretend,happen等動詞，后跟不定式作賓語。含情感色彩的動詞：

這類動詞有excite,inspire,encourage,interest,satisfy,delight,please,move,frighten,surprise,amaze,astonish,shock,worry,disappoint,discourage,exhaust,puzzle,tire,terrify等。情感動詞后接指人的名詞或代詞作賓語，有V-ing和V-ed兩種形式，在句中作賓語和表語，V-ing形式指事物，V-ed形式則指人。帶介詞to的動詞短語類：

這類短語有be(get)usedto,leadto,devote…to,lookforwardto,stickto,objectto,getdownto,thereisnoendto等。當它們后面出現動詞時，要用V-ing形式。dress,lose,hide,seat,call,name等動詞，可以跟人作賓語還可以用于系表結構。need,require,want后接ing與不定式區(qū)別根據分別作主語、賓語、狀語、定語、謂語的詞可以把語法聯系起來。所謂的中心就是以動詞為核心，明確什么樣的動詞是謂語（即有正確的時態(tài)、語態(tài)和語氣的動詞形式就是謂語動詞）。明確謂語和非謂語的關系，明確非謂語與其邏輯主語的關系。強調連詞的功能。語法基本就串講完了，做一個語法結構圖，使他們的知識系統(tǒng)化。分析長句，是閱讀的基本功、寫句子是寫作的基礎，從而做到使語法為讀寫服務。練習：1.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_______fortheday.[2007重慶卷]A.finishing B.finished C.hadfinished D.werefinished2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________,hegladlyacceptedit.[2007安徽卷]A.finished B.finishingC.havingfinished D.wasfinished3.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.[2007山東卷]A．hasbeenlaunchedB．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched4.—It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.—_______________herthisweekend[2007全國卷I]A.WhynotvisitB.whynottovisitC.WhynotvisitingD.Whydon’tvisit5.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not_________,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.[2007湖南卷]A.movedBmovingC.tomoveD.beingmoved6.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted______hisadvice![2007安徽卷]A.totake B.takingC.nottotakeD.nottaking7.Mary,______here-everybodyelse,staywhereyouare.【06全國I卷—35】A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming8.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.[2007全國卷II]

A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose9.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.[2007上海卷]A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted10.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.[2007四川卷]A．said B．says C．saying D．tosay11.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang,whowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.[2007遼寧卷]A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.break12.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle______.[2007浙江卷]A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard13.thatshedidn’tdoagoodjob,Idon’tthinkIamablerthanher.[2007陜西卷]havesaid said say 14.______byagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.[2007浙江卷]A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.Havingdriven15.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless________everyday.[2007四川卷]A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater16.thesafetyofgas,thegovernmenthascheckedthecity’sgassupplysystemthoroughly.A．Toensure B．Ensuring C．Havingensured. D．Tohaveensured17.—Thelastone__________________paysthemeal.—Agreed![2007全國卷I]A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving18.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsideringtothecitycentreforthefashionshow.[2007上海春] A．togo B．going C．tohavegone D．havinggone19.Myparentshavealwaysmademe______aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.[2007江蘇卷]A.feelingwell B.feelinggoodC.feelwell D.feelgood20.—Excusemesir,whereisRoom301—Justa’llhaveBob____youtoyourroom.[2007北京卷]C.toshowD.showing21.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashortperiod.[2007福建卷] improve 22.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry______youtostay,soIwishyougoodluck.[2007上海卷]A.beingpersuaded B.persuading C.tobepersuaded D.topersuade23.Pleaseremain_________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.[2007山東卷]A．tosealB．tobeseatedC．seatingD．seated24.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat_____tomynewjob.(00N)A.expected B.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects25.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem______inhislectures.[2007江蘇卷]A.interested B.interesting C.interest D.tointerest高考單項選擇題的命題角度高考命題者常常利用熟悉的句型結構，或者一些固定搭配來制造干擾，讓考生在非常神氣的心情中快速地得出錯誤的答案。針對這種情況，我們不妨把它歸納為如下幾種情況：一、利用倒敘的手法將本來正常的表述內容斷開，將后半句提前。解題時可以考慮將題干撫正，或將后半句看作省略將其補齊。Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoney,butI’llbringsome_______.A.atlastB.incaseC.onceagainD.intime二、利用思維定勢干擾的手法Inordernottobedisturbed,Ispentthreehours______inmystudy.

A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.tobelocked三、利用答語省略---Nancyisnotcomingtonight!---Butshe___!

A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised---Hewasnearlydrownedonce.---Whenwas______---Itwasin1998______hewasinmiddleschoolA.that,thatB.that,whenC.it,thatD.it,when四、利用文化撞擊：母語干擾型I’llcometoseeyouif______.

A.you’reconvenient

B.itisconvenientforyou

C.youfeelconvenient

D.itisconvenientwithyou五、插入隔離Heranasfastashecould______thebus.

A.catchB.tocatchC.catchingD.caughtJimplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,Mike.A.aswell

B.aswellas

C.sowell

D.sowellas六、規(guī)則硬套型MyfriendMaryis_____beautifulgirl，_____girleveryonelikestoworkwith.

A.a,a

B.a,the

C.the,a

D.the,the

七、詞性的誤用______hewasinJapan,hevisitedmanyplaces.A.During

B.Since

C.While

D.InIwasabouttogoout______thetelephonerang.A.when

B.suddenly

C.assoonas

D.directly八、標點符號MrsLynnhastwodaughters_____.()，asfarasIremember，arebothworkingintheUS.who（一）明確考點：一、高考英語熱點動詞歸納1、連系動詞2、感官動詞3、使役動詞4、含情感色彩的動詞5、后接不定式動詞6、后接V-ing形式動詞7、后接不定式與V-ing形式意義不同動詞8、進行時態(tài)表將來意義動詞9、主動形式表達被動詞10、虛擬語氣動詞11、省略替代類12、否定轉移類13、帶介詞to的動詞短語類14、瞬間動詞15、計劃未能實現類16、dress、seat類二、動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)1、考查在語境中判斷動詞時態(tài)的運用能力。?？嫉臅r態(tài)為：一般現在、一般過去、一般將來、現在進行、過去進行、現在完成、過去完成、現在完成進行、過去將來等。2、時間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中動詞的時態(tài)；主從句時態(tài)呼應問題。3、持續(xù)性動詞和終止性動詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動詞的被動語態(tài)。5、系動詞的用法特點。6、某些以主動形式表被動意義的動詞的用法。三、情態(tài)動詞的考點考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法2、考查情態(tài)動詞can;could;may;might;must;should;need等表示判斷及推測與時態(tài)3、考查情態(tài)動詞表示是語氣四、非謂語動詞考點1、謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的區(qū)別；2、現在分詞與過去分詞3、非謂語動詞與不定式的區(qū)別把握一個核心；明確兩種關系五、名詞性從句與定語從句1、考查其關聯詞的區(qū)別2、考查主謂一致3、考查名詞性從句的時態(tài)4、考查語序5、考查語氣六、狀語從句考點各種從屬連詞的含義及用法比較；狀語從句的時態(tài)問題；狀語從句的語序問題；狀語從句的語氣問題；狀語從句與其它從句的區(qū)別。七、簡單句與并列句考查祈使句的用法：祈使句的構成；祈使句的反意問句；祈使句的回答；祈使句+and(or)+句子的用法。反意疑問句：祈使句的反意問句；Ithink+賓語從句的反意問句；主從復合句的反意問句；表示判斷的情態(tài)動詞構成的反意疑問句。并列句：考查并列連詞的用法八、倒裝句完全倒裝、部分倒裝九、名詞考點名詞主要考查名詞的單、復數;可數與不可數名詞的轉換；名詞作定語；名詞的搭配;詞語辨析；近幾年高考主要考查名詞詞義的辨析從93年—06年共計32組，06年全部是詞義辨析。十、代詞考點：人稱代詞：人稱代詞的指代問題，人稱代詞之主、賓格的替換，物主代詞，反身代詞；不定代詞的用法比較：both,either,neither,all,any,none、some/any、one，that和it、another/other/theother/others/theothers、every和each、few,little,afew,alittle,abit;else的用法；it的用法：it作人稱代詞,代替前面提到的事物；it作形式賓語、形式主語；Itis…that….的強調句型；it指代時間,季節(jié),距離。十一、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞的基本用法；形容詞和副詞的位置；形容詞和副詞的級別；常見形容詞和副詞的用法比較。十二、冠詞考點：冠詞的基本用法；冠詞泛指、特指、類指于專指的區(qū)別；冠詞的習慣用法；冠詞的語序十三、介詞考點：考查介詞的基本用法；介詞與動詞、形容詞、名詞搭配；with后接賓語與補足語。十四、主謂一致考點：語法一致原則：用and連接兩個并列成分、介詞、with伴隨主語、各種代詞的主謂一致、短語和從句作主語、定語從句中的主謂一致；就近原則；意義一致原則。十五、交際用語考點交際用語命題的特點是靈活、短小、前后語連接緊湊。大于多呈現省略狀態(tài)，而且語言場景突出。掌握好日常交際用語的41個項目是得分的關鍵。二、備考建議（1）把握考點、突破重點、遠離偏、難、怪，基礎和落實是關鍵（2）用好考綱詞匯，突出重點詞匯和高頻詞匯（尤其是活躍動詞），強調語境用詞注意一詞多義（重點）(cover,run,reach,play,stand,beat,spare)固定搭配（?？紕釉~15個：take,get,bring,ask,catch,put,come,give,keep,make,break,hold,look,go,turn）＋of＋抽象名詞＋形容詞／副詞比較級，the＋形容詞／副詞比較級／no／never／nothing＋比較級4.比較級＋thananyother＋單數可數名詞＋比較級＋of．．．＋形容詞原級＋（a／an）＋名詞＋as＋形容詞／副詞原級＋as，比較級＋thansame＋名詞＋as9.倍數＋比較級＋than．．．，倍數＋as＋原級＋as．．．，倍數＋thesize／height／length／weight／widthof．．．10.nolonger．．．／not．．．anylonger11.．．．形容詞／副詞＋enoughtodosth．12.（much）too．．．todosth．13.．．．where．．．14.Howsoon．．．15.Therebe．．．16.Incase．．．17.keep／prevent／stopsb．（sth．）fromdoing（beingdone）18.have／keep／make／get／drive／send／set／leavesb．（sth．）＋賓補19．havesth．Done20．makeoneselfdone21．usedtodosth．22．warnsb．（not）todo／againstdoingsth．23．spend／wastetimeindoingsth．24．can'thelpdoingsth．25．sb．would（should）like（love）todosth．26．Given．．．27．情態(tài)動詞＋（not）have＋過去分詞28．sothat．．．29．such．．．that．．．30．．．．till／until．．．31．．．．thefirsttime．．．32．．．．before．．．33．It＋be＋一段時間＋since從句34．Itis／wasthefirst／last／second／thirdtime＋從句35．Asisknowntoall．．．36．nomatter＋特殊疑問詞37．What＋（a／an＋adj．）＋名詞／How＋adj．／adv．＋主語＋謂語38．It．．．that／what／whether／how／when．．．主語從句或todosth．／doingsth．39．think／make／find／feel／keep＋it＋賓補．．．40．Itis／was＋被強調部分＋that（who）．．．41．Only＋副詞／介詞短語／狀語從句……42．Never／Little／Nota／Hardly／Innotime／Innoway／Innocase／Seldom／Scarcely／Barely／Rarely／Nowhere／Bynomeans＋be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞＋主語＋謂語43．So＋adj．＋be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞＋主語(倒裝)44．adj．／adv．／n．＋as／though/that＋主語＋謂語．．．45．Nosooner．．．than／Hardly（Scarcely）．．．when（before）46．notonly．．．but（also）．．．47．Neither／Nor＋be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞＋主語48．So＋be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞＋主語與So＋主語＋be／助動詞／情態(tài)動詞49．．．．doyouthink．．．

50．Itissaid／reported／thought／believed／announcedthat．．．51．Thisis．．．speaking．52．donothingbutdosth./cannotbutdo/cannothelpbutdo/cannotchoosebutdo../havenochoicebuttodo…53．'dliketo，'dloveto，begoingto，meanto，oughtto，tryto，planto，begladto，behappyto54．I'msorry，but．．．55．Whynot＋動詞原形56．Do／Wouldyoumind．．．57．How／Whatabout．．．58．That／Itbe＋adj．ofsb．todosth．59．prefertodosth．ratherthandosth．60．wouldratherdosth．61．Ibelieveso，Ibelievenot，Idon'tbelieveso完形填空根據2006年部分省市的高考完形的分析我們可以得出如下結論：

（一）充分利用文章的結構，上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。有時可能是同義詞，有時可能是反意詞。行文中的有些句意是上下對應的，這往往也是題型設計的特點之一，因而把握好詞義的對應，也是非常有利于解題的。1.…h(huán)edidnotteachmeacceptancewhenhewasstrongandhealthy,butratherwhenhewasandill.A.tired B.weak C.poor D.slow2.Thenheheardit.Hoofbeats（蹄聲）.He

(1).Therebeforehimstoodatall,white

(2).Anoldmanstareddownathimfromitsback….“Comewithme.”

Raulfollowedonhishorse.(1)A.lookedup

B.wokeup

C.laydown

D.satdown(2)A.tiger

B.horse

C.lion

D.elephant（二）注意固定的搭配。包括介詞與動詞的搭配、動詞與賓語的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等。要根據內容選擇正確的短語。完形填空的題型設計除了考查考生對行文邏輯的把握以外，句式結構題的設計也越來越復雜。詞語放在句中，就要符合詞法、句法、結構習慣等要求。在文章中運用基本知識，實際對考生提出了較高的要求。1.Myfatherwasonceastrongmanwholovedbeingactive,butaterribleillnessallthataway.A.took B.threw C.sent D.put2.---butitalwaysthatafterwegivesomethingup,wegainsomethingnewinitsplace.A.suggests B.promises C.seems D.requires（三）注意詞義的辯析要善于在具體的語言環(huán)境中把握詞匯的具體意義，通過理解詞義進行判斷才能準確的推斷空格的答案。1.Onenight,Iwenttovisithimwithmysisters.Westarted(1)aboutlife,andItoldthemaboutoneofmy(2).Isaidthatwemustveryoftengivethingsupaswegrow---ouryouth,ourbeauty,andourfriends---butitalways(3)thatafterwegivesomethingup,wegainsomethingnewinitsplace.(1)A.worrying B.caring C.talking D.asking(2)A.decisions B.experiences C.ambitions D.beliefs(3)A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything2.Thefarmernoddedinaneighborly.Iwasfilledwithpride.A.senseB.wayC.degreeD.mood（四）根據動作發(fā)出者選詞1.Tempers(脾氣)ofboththetouristsandwaitershadtomeetthesituation,makingitaratherquarrelsomeenvironment(環(huán)境).A.managed B.expected C.attempted D.risen2.Awaiterappeared.Hepausedforjustasecond,walkedintothewaterto(1)thetableandtaketheir(2),andthenwalkedbacktotheloudcheersoftherestofhis(3).(1)A.set B.wash C.remove D.check(2)A.menu B.bill C.food D.order(3)A.tourists B.customers C.fellows D.assistants3.Minuteslaterhereturnedcarryingabottleofwineandtwoglasses.Withoutpausing,hewentoncemoreintothewatertothewine.A.change B.drink C.sell D.serve（五）根據上下文的邏輯關系確定選項1.Ilearnedhowtoacceptlifeasitisfrommyfather.,hedidnotteachmeacceptancewhenhewasstrongandhealthy….A.Afterwards B.Therefore C.However D.Meanwhile2.ButinmostThirdWorldvillagesmotherandfatherdonotgomilesawayeachdaytoworkinoffices.,thechildseesmotherandfather,relationsandneighboursworkingnearbyandoftensharesinthatwork.A.AnyhowB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Still（六）通過理解句意進行判斷行文中的句意是上下貫穿的，正確的把握上下句意之間的聯系，才能明確文章的行文邏輯，理解上下句意的呼應，以便能準確的選好答案。1.…aterribleillnesstookallthataway.Nowhecannolongerwalk,andhemustsitquietlyinachairallday.Eventalkingis.…Thensuddenlymyfatherspokeup.A.impossible B.difficult C.stressful D.Hopeless2.Ilookedatmysistersandsawtearsintheireyes,alongwithhopeandthankfulness.Iwasalso___byhiswords.A.touchedB.astonished C.attracted D.warned(七)根據常識以及相關的知識確定選項1.OnahotsummerdayinlastAugust,IsoughtshadeandacooldrinkatawaterfrontcafeonaGreekisland.Overahundreddegreesinair.A.fresh B.cool C.still D.thin2.Atawaterfrontcafeatthetablenexttominesatanattractive，well-dressedcouple,waitingfor.A.cheers B.service C.attention D.flowers做完形填空題判斷的依據：1、環(huán)境線索I’mtiredofseafood,soIdidn’teatmuch________thatday.A.vegetables B.flounder（比目魚）2、因果線索Hewasbadlyill,sohewas________.A.present B.absent3、轉折線索Hewasbadlyill,however,hewas________.A.present B.absent4、讓步線索Hedidn’t________thetest,thoughheworkedhard.A.pass B.fail5、順序線索Afterhewrotetheletter,she________itandthen________it.A.posted/signed B.signed/posted6、用途線索Ilikemy________,whichgivesmegreathelpintherain.A.umbrella B.bike C.pot7、反義詞線索Heusedtobelazy.Butnowheisquite________.A.hardworking B.handsome8、同義詞線索HemadealotofmistakesinthelasttestThistimewecanstillfind________afewinhispaper.A.quite B.only9、比較線索Weareshorterthanhe,soheisthe________amongus.A.tallest B.shortest10、一般個別線索Heisveryclever,sohe________gettheanswer.A.can B.can’t作文重點句型：對比議論：1、我同意這個計劃。Iam_________theplan.2、首先，建工廠會給人們提供不同的工作。_______,thebuildingofthefactorywillprovidepeoplewithdifferentjobs.3、其次，它可以省許多錢。______,itcansavealotofmoney.4、最后，它不會對環(huán)境有太大危害。________,itwon’tdomuchharmtotheenvironment.5、我反對這個計劃。Idon’tagree________theplan.(beagainst)6、總之，我們認為這不是個好計劃。_______,wedon’tthinkitagoodplan.7、在我看來，它不值得做。_________thatitisnotworthdoing.8.學生的觀點不一致。Opinionsare_______amongthestudents.Somethinkitisgood,______believeitispoor.圖畫圖表說明1、這幅圖畫描寫了我們的學校生活。Thisisa_______ofourschoollife.2、有一個男孩站在那兒。Thereisaboy________there.3、有一些學生在打籃球。____________areplayingbasketball.4、百分之八十的學生喜歡校服。Eightypercent________likeschooluniforms.5、三分之一的學生住得離學校近。_________ofthestudentsliveneartheirschool.6、一半多學生要花50分鐘才能到學校。____________ofthestudentsspend50minutesonthewaytoschool.7、2008年，這個城市將會有三百萬輛汽車。There________3millioncarsinthecityin2008.8．自從1990年以來汽車的數量翻了一番。Thenumberofcarshas_______since1990.地方介紹1、學校的中央有一座教學樓。Thereisateachingbuildingin________oftheschool.2、樓的南邊有一個游泳池。Aswimmingpool_________thesouthofthebuilding.3、樓的后面有許多樹。Therearemanytrees________thebuilding.4、樓的前邊有一個小花園。_________thebuildingisasmallgarden.5、樓的對面是宿舍。________thebuildingisadorm.6、宿舍的旁邊是食堂。Besidethedorm________thedininghall.7、廚房和客廳挨著。Thekitchenstands________thelivingroom.8、墻上掛著一張世界地圖。Amapoftheworld_______onthewall.人物介紹1、他們雇了一個叫湯姆的人。TheyhiredapersonnamedTom.2、他高個子，大眼睛。Heisatallmanwithbigeyes.3、他擅長英語。HeisgoodatEnglish.4、他閑暇時經常聽音樂。Heusuallylistenstomusicinhissparetime.5、他的愛好是籃球。Basketballishishobby.6、他畢業(yè)于第八中學。HegraduatedfromNo.8MiddleSchool.7、他曾獲英語競賽第一名。HeoncegotthefirstplaceintheEnglishcompetition.8、他友善并且隨和。Heiskindandeasy-going.9、他經常幫我們學英語。HeoftenhelpsuswithourEnglish.10、他被認為是最好的學生之一。Heisregardedasoneofthebeststudents.活動安排1、我們早上7點在校門口集合。Wewillgatherattheschoolgateatseveninthemorning.2、我們7：30出發(fā)。Wewillsetoffat7:30.3、我們將乘公共汽車去。Wewillgotherebybus.4、在那兒的飯店吃午飯。Lunchwillbeservedintherestaurantthere.5、我們將參觀那兒的工廠和學校。Wewillvisitthefactoriesandschoolsthere.6、然后，我們將和當地的農民聊天。Afterthat,wewillchatwiththefarmersthere.7、一個小時后，我們去釣魚。Anhourlater,wewillgofishing.8、我將全程陪同。Iwillbeinyourcompanyalltheway.敘述事件與寫信1、故事發(fā)生在倫敦。ThestoryhappenedinLondon.2、起初，他沒看見那個人。Atfirst,hedidn’tseetheman.3、然后，他走到汽車