冠詞的常見用法歸納

資料僅供參考文件編號：2022年4月冠詞的常見用法歸納版本號：A修改號：1頁次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：冠詞(教師版)一、冠詞概述冠詞是虛詞,它不能單獨使用.只能附在一個名詞上說明這個名詞.冠詞分為不定冠a(an)詞和定冠詞the.不定冠詞一般表示泛指;定冠詞一般表示特指.二、不定冠詞a(an)的用法A.不定冠詞a(an)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前.a用于輔音字母開始的詞前;an用于元音字母開始的詞前.如:agirlanEnglishbookB.不定冠詞用來表示類別,指某一類人或某一類事物中的一個(泛指).如:Hisfatherisadoctor.HeworksinamiddleschoolinBeijing.C.不定冠詞用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,可以表示其全類(泛指).如:AnEnglishteacherteachesthestudentshowtolearnEnglish.三、定冠詞the的用法①表示上文提到過的人或事物.如:HeboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionarythismorning.Thedictionaryisverygood.②用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示整體或類別.如:Thepandaisarareanimal.此句等于:Apandaisarareanimal.=Pandasarerareanimals.③用來表示世界上獨一無二的事物.如:thesun,themoon,thesky,theearth,theworld④用于表示階級,黨派的名詞前.如:theChineseCommunistParty,theworkingclasstheproletariat無產(chǎn)階級⑤常用于含有普通名詞或形容詞的專有名詞前.A.用于許多江海,山脈,群島等名詞前:TheYellowRiverTheEastSeatheHimalayasthePacificOceanB.用于由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國名:ThePeople'sRepublicofChinatheUnitedStatesC.用于機關(guān),團體,朝代,時代,報刊雜志等名詞前:theUnitedNationstheStateCounciltheTangdynastythePeople'sDailytheSummerPalacethePeaceHoteltheBritishMuseum⑥用于表示方位的名詞前.如:theeastthesouthwestthemiddletheFarEastontheleft⑦用于樂器名詞前,但漢語拼音的樂器前不用冠詞.如:playthepianoplaytheviolinplayerhu⑧用于復(fù)數(shù)的姓氏前,表示"兩夫婦"或"全家",在此情況下,這類名詞作復(fù)數(shù)對待.如:Whenwegotthere,theLiuswerewaitingforus.TheSmithswatchTVeveryday.⑨用于某些形容詞或過去分詞前,表示一類人或事物.如:thepoortherichthelivingtheyoungthewoundedtheoppressedthebeautiful⑩用在形容詞的最高級前或序數(shù)詞前.如:Shanghaiisthebiggestcityinchina.Afterthegame,thefirstthingtheywantedtodowastotakeahotbath.四、零冠詞用法①表示某一類人或事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前,不用冠詞.Nowpeoplearelivingahappylife.Treesareplantedeverywhere.②不含普通名詞的專有名詞,表示泛指的物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前,不用冠詞.WearestudyingEnglish.HeisleavingforAmericathisyear.Itispleasanttowalkinsoftsnow.Loveisalwaysstrongerthanhatred.③名詞前有指示代詞,物主代詞,不定代詞或名詞所有格修飾,不用冠詞.Ilikethispicturebetter.IsthatyourbookTaketheirchairsaway!Idonothaveanymoneyonme.Astimewenton,Einstein'stheoryprovedtobecorrect.④季節(jié),月份,星期等名詞前,一般不用冠詞.ShelikesspringwhileIlikesummer.WehavenoclassesonSaturday.TheLongMarchstartedinOctober1934.⑤表示只有一人擔(dān)任的職務(wù),頭銜的名詞前,不用冠詞.Wehaveelectedhimourmonitor.⑥三餐飯的名詞前,一般不用冠詞.WhendoyouhavelunchAftersupperweusuallytakeawalk.⑦節(jié)假日等名詞前,不用冠詞.ChildrenallweartheirbestclothesonNationalDay.PeoplegivegiftstoeachotheronChristmasDay.注意:在eve后有of短語則要加定冠詞:ontheeveofNationalDayontheeveofNewYear'sDay⑧球類和棋類運動的名詞前,不用冠詞.playbasketballplaychess⑨作表語用表示程度的形容詞最高級前,不用冠詞.第2/3頁Yourhelpwasmosttimely.Thismethodismosteffective.注意:如果有比較范圍,形容詞最高級前必須加定冠詞:Ofallmethods,thisisthemosteffective.⑩在某些固定詞組里,名詞前不用冠詞.onfootbytrain/boat/plane…infactasamatteroffactinclassinchurchindangerinhospitalintowninbedathomeatschoolatdaybreakatsunriseatduskatsunsetatnightatnoongotoschoolgotoclassgotobedfrommorningtillnightfromvictorytovictoryfromdoortodoor五、注意事項①當(dāng)man作人類講時,用零冠詞.Manwillconquernature.②某些抽象名詞具體化時是可數(shù)名詞,其前可加a.surprise,fire,joy,Heisasuccessasateacher.LongJingisafamousteainChina.③a用于姓氏前表示某個只知道名字而不不熟悉的人.AMrLiuiswaitingtoseeyououtside.④在某些句型中可加aItisapitythatyouhavemissedthechance.Itisashame/apleasure/ahonourforsb.todosth.⑤word作消息講時,用零冠詞.Wordcamethathewouldgoabroad.冠詞強化訓(xùn)練()1.______recentreportstatedthatthenumberofSpanishspeakersintheU.S.wouldbehigherthanthenumberofEnglishspeakerby_____year2090.A,theB.A,/C.The,/D.The,a()2.Ifyougoby______train,youcanhavequiteacomfortablejourney,butmakesureyouget_____fastone.A./,/B./,aC.the,aD./,/()3.Itisoftensaidthat____teachershave_______veryeasylife.A/,/B./,aC.the,/D.the,a()4.Ican’trememberwhenexactlytheRobinsonsleft_____city,Ionlyrememberitwas______Monday.。the,theB.a,theC.a,aD.the,a()5.Ifyougrowupin______largefamily,youaremorelikelytodevelop_____abilitytogetonwellwith______others.A./,antheB.a,the,/C.the,an,theD.a,the,the()6.Mrs,Taylorhas___8-year-olddaughterwhohas_____giftforpainting–shehaswontwonationalprizes.a,aB.an,theC.an,aD.th()7.AfetrdinnerhegaveMr.Richardson________rideto________CapitalAirport.A.the,aB.atheC./,aD./,the()8.OnMay5,2005,at___WorldTableTennisChampionship,KongLinghuiandWangHaowonthegoldmedalinmen’swith____scoreof4:1.A.a,aB./theC.a,/D.the,a()9.Iknew______JohnLennon,butnot____famousone.A./,aB.a,theC./,theD.the,a()10.Thebooktells____lifestoryofJohnSmith,wholeft_______schoolandworkedforanewspaperattheageof16.A.the,theB.a,theC.the./D.a,/()11.Whenyoucomehereforyourholidaynexttime,don’tgoto_____hotel;Icanfindyou______bedinmyflat.the,aB.the,/C.a,theD.a,/()12.Ifyoubuymorethanten,theywillknock20penceoff________.A.apriceB.priceC.thepriceD.prices()13.____on-goingdivisionbetweenEnglish–speakingCanadiansandFrench-speakingCanadiansis_______majorconcernofthecountry.The,/B.The,aC.An,theD.An,/()14.Whenheleft_____college,hegotajobas______reporterinanewspaperoffice.A./,aB /,theC.atheD.the,the()15Themostimportantthingaboutcottoninhistoryis___partthatitplayedin____IndustrialRevolution.A./,/B.the,/C.the,theD.a,the()16.WhilehewasinvestigatingwaystimprovethetelescopeNewtonmade_______discoverywhichcompletelychanged____man’sunderstandingofcolor.a,/B.a,theC./,theD.the,a()17.Itis___worldofwonders,_____worldwhereanythingcanhappen.A.a.theB.a,aC.the,aD./,/()19.Tomowns______largercollectionof______booksthananyotherstudentinourclass.the,/B.a,/C.a,theD./,the()20.Foralongtimetheywalkedwithoutsaying___word.Jimwasthefirsttbreak_____silence.A.the,aB.a,theC.a,/D.the,/()21.Therewas____time_____Ihatedtgotoschool.a,thatB.a,whenC.the,thatD.the,when()22.Whenyoufinishreadingthebook,youwillhave______betterunderstandingof______life.,A.a,theB.the.aC./,theD.a,/()23.Iearn10dollars____hoursas____supermarketcashieronSaturday.a,anB.the,aC.an,aD.an,the()24Thesignreads“ineaseof___fire,breaktheglassandpush_____redbutton”A./,aB./,theC.the,theD.a,a()25.Idon’tliketalkingon______telephone;Ipreferwriting____letter.a,theB.the./C.the,theD.A,/()26.Jumpingoutof____airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite_____excitingexperience.A./,theB./,anC.an.anD.the,the()27.Onewaytounderstandthousandsofnewwordsingain_____goodknowledgeofbasicwordformation./BtheC.aD.one()28.Thecakesaredelicious.He’dlikehave______thirdonebecause_____secondoneisrathertoosmall.a,aB.the.theC.a,theD.the,a()29.Abullethitthesoliderandhewaswoundedin____leg.A.aB.oneC.theD.his()30.Thewarmthof_____sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof___woolused.the,theB.the,/C./,theD./,/參考答案1．Areport可數(shù)名詞，arecentreport一份近來的報告，是泛指；第二個空填the表特指示2090年。2．B.bytrain乘火車，by在接交通工具類的同時，一般不接冠詞，如bybike,byship;根據(jù)句意第二個空應(yīng)該是泛指。3．B．teachers此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)表泛指，指一切老師；havea……life相當(dāng)于live/leada……life過一種、、、、、、樣的生活4．D.leavethecity離開這座城市。aMonday一個星期一，表泛指。5.B.alargefamily一個大家庭；theability此處表泛指“與別人相處好的能力”；others其他人表泛指。6．C.haveagiftfor…有做、、、的天賦，相當(dāng)于haveatalentfor.7.B.givesb.aride讓某人搭車，此處ride是可數(shù)名詞，表示“搭車”。8.D.theWorldTableTennisChampionship是專有名詞，由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞，一般前面要加the；withascoreof……比分是……9.B.aJohnLennon一個叫做JohnLennon的人，表泛指。10.Cleaveschool畢業(yè)11．A.gotothehotel去旅店；abed此處表泛指，“一個地方”12．C.theprice此處表特指，“原價”。13．B.此句的意思是：在講英語的加拿大人和講法語的加拿大人之間的那種逐漸增長的分歧是這個國家一個主要擔(dān)心的問題。第一個空用the表特指；第二個空用a表泛指，泛指主要是擔(dān)心問題中的一個。14.A.leavecollege大學(xué)畢業(yè)15.C.thepart特指在工業(yè)革命避所起的作用；theIndustrialRevolution工業(yè)革命16.A,makeadiscovery有了一個發(fā)現(xiàn)；man’sunderstandingofcolor人類對于顏色的理解，在物主代詞，名詞