一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)xxx公司一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準(zhǔn)審核制定方案設(shè)計(jì)，管理制度一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、將來時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的講解與練習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)和普遍真理。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)關(guān)鍵詞always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom極少,hardly幾乎不,never,everyday(week,year,night),onSundays,onMonday,intheevening,once/twice/threetimesamonth每月一次/兩次/三次三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)，即要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。①否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。②一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.③特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。①否定句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.②一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.③特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork3.含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（can,must,will,shall,might,should..）的句子變化陳述句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形+其它否定句：主語+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+其它一般疑問句：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它Whatcanhedointhefuture五、動(dòng)詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的變化:動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milkswork-works2.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studiescarry-carries4.have-has現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)【概念】1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語+be+doing【用法】肯定句：主語+be+doing+其他.否定句：主語+be+not+doing+其他.一般疑問句：Be+主語+doing+其他肯定回答：Yes，主語+be(am/is/are)特殊疑問句：疑問詞(whathowwherewhen..)+be+主語+doing+其它+關(guān)鍵詞：now,look,listen,atthismoment一般過去時(shí)【概念】1.一般過去時(shí):表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式（+ed）【用法】肯定句：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式（+ed）+其他.否定句：主語+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他肯定回答：Yes，主語+did.否定回答：No，主語+didn’t關(guān)鍵詞：lastyear/Monday/month…..,thismorning,twodays/threeyears….ago,in+過去的年份，justnow,WhenIwas6yearsold,onceuponatime.2、規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化：一般動(dòng)詞+edplanted,watered,climbed以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾+dliked輔音字母加y結(jié)尾-y+iedstudy—studied,cry-cried重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母雙寫最后一個(gè)字母+edstop–stoppedplan-planned3．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式原形過去式sweepsweptteachtaughthavehadgowentkeepkeptthinkthoughtdodidfindfoundsleepsleptbuyboughteatatesaysaidfeelfeltdrinkdrankis/amwastaketookreadreadgivegaveareweremeanmeantputputsingsangdrivedrovemeetmetcutcutbeginbeganspeakspokemakemadeletletringrangwritewroteseesawflyflewrunranriderodecomecamedrawdrewsitsathearheardtelltoldgrowgrewlearnlearned/learntgetgotknowknew一般將來時(shí)【概念】1.一般將來時(shí):表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語（任何人稱和數(shù)）+will+動(dòng)詞原形【用法】肯定句：主語+will+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語+willnot（won't）+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Will+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他肯定回答：Yes，主語+will.否定回答：No，主語+won't.【概念】2.由“主語+be（am;is;are）goingto+動(dòng)詞原形”來表示一般將來時(shí)。【用法】1.肯定句：主語+be（am;is;are）goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句：主語+be（am;is;are）+not+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.一般疑問句：Be（Am；Is；Are）+主語+goingto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他肯定回答：Yes，主語+be（am;is;are）.否定回答：No，主語+be（am;is;are）+not.2.雖然“will+動(dòng)詞原形”和“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”都可以表示將來時(shí)，但兩者還是有些區(qū)別的。下面例句中的will和begoingto一般不可以互換。will可以表示“主觀意愿”，或者表示“請求”；以及表示“不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移，自然發(fā)展的未來的事”，begoingto側(cè)重于表示“打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備要做的事”；或者“根據(jù)某種跡象判斷將要發(fā)生的事”。名詞的復(fù)習(xí)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變化：（1）規(guī)則變化1）一般變化，在名詞后加-s，如：book—books;bag—bags2)以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的名面，加-es，如：bus—buses;box—boxes;watch—watches;wish—wishes;glass—glasses3)以輔音字母加-y結(jié)尾的單詞，變y為i再加-es，如：city—cities;country—countries;study—studies;family—families4)以f或fe結(jié)尾的單詞，有些將f或fe變?yōu)関,再加-es;有些只加-s:wife—wives;knife—knives;wolf—wolves;thief—thieves;shelf—shelves;myself—myselves;life—lives;half—halves;leaf—leaves;roof—roofs;chief—chiefs;belief—beliefs;proof—proofs;handkerchief—handkerchiefs/handerchieves(手帕／頭巾)記住下面這首順口溜，相信你就不會(huì)覺得難了。妻子（wife）持刀(knife)去宰狼(wolf)，小偷(thief)嚇得發(fā)了慌；躲在架后(shelf)保己命(myself)，半(half)片樹葉(leaf)遮目光。按：順口溜中的黑體加粗字是小學(xué)階段學(xué)過的九個(gè)以—f(e)結(jié)尾的名詞：wife(妻子)，knife(小刀)，wolf(狼)，thief(小偷)，shelf(架子)，self(自己)，life(生命)，half(一半)，leaf(樹葉)。這九個(gè)詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，都是改-f(e)為ve再加-s。由self構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞，其變化與self相同(如：myself→ourselves；yourself→yourselves；himself，herselfitself→themselves)。5)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，有些加-s，有些加-es。如：hero—heroes;Negro—Negroes;potato—potatoes;tomato—tomatoes(兩人兩菜)photo—photos;radio—radios;piano—pianos;studio—studios;bamboo—bamboos;zero—zeros/zeroes;（2）不規(guī)則變化child—children;foot—feet;tooth—teeth;goose—geese;mouse—mice;man—men;woman—women注意：由一個(gè)詞加man或woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式同上。Englishman—Englishmen;Frenchman—frenchmen;但German—Germans(不是合成詞)（3）單復(fù)數(shù)同形deer;sheep;fish;Chinese;Japanese課堂作業(yè)一．按要求寫出下列詞的其它形式：1.house_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）___________(過去式)3.make__________(過去式)4.orange_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）5.draw___________(過去式)___________(過去式)7.brush__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）8.family___________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）9.bus___________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）__________(過去式)11.box___________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）12.baby__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）13.class__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）14.factory_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）__________(過去式)16.fly_________(過去式)17.watch_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）18.woman_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）19.go__________(過去式)20.sing_________(過去式)21.wish__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）22.German________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）23.tomato_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）_________(過去式)25.kilo__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）_________27.build___________28.Chinese________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）__________(過去式)30.Japanese_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）31.leaf___________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）32.American__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）___________34.tooth__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）35.wife_________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）36.foot________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）37.win__________(過去式)38.sheep__________（名詞復(fù)數(shù)）39.hear___________(過去式)二．單選。1.Therearethree______andseven______inthepicture.A.cows,sheepsB.cows,sheepC.cow,sheepD.cow,sheeps2.June1is_______.A.children’sdayB.children’sDayC.Children’sDayD.Children’sday3.______roomisnexttotheirparents’.A.Kate’sandJoan’sB.Kate’sandJoanC.KateandJoan’sD.KateandJoan4.MissGreenisafriendof_______.A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.Marymother’sD.mother’sofMary5.Sheep_______whiteandmilk_______alsowhite.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are6.I’dliketohaveaglassofmilkand_______.A.twobreadsB.twopiecesofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread7.Many______aresingingoverthere.A.womanB.womenC.girlD.child8.Hebought_______.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe9.Mr.Whitehasthree_______.A.childB.childrenC.childsD.childrensuponatime,there_____alittlegirlandthreebears.AwereBwasCareDistaughtyouEnglishMyfather_________.AtaughtBteachesCwasDdidhe_______agoodrestNo,hedidn’tAHave,hadBDid,haveCDid,hadDHad,hadyouplaybasketballThreetimesaweek.AHowoftenBHowmuchCWhenDWhere_________totheGreatWallnextFriday.AwillgoBwentCisgoingDaregoing!Yoursister_________.AsmilingBsmilesCsmileDissmilinghe_______someshoppingtomorrowafternoonAWill….doesBIs….goingtodoCIs…..doingDShall…..does17.Ifhe__________tocollege,he________alotmore.Awillgo…willlearnBwillgo….isgoingtolearnCisgoing…isgoingtolearnDgoes….willlearn18.Don’ttalkwitheachother.Thebaby______.AsleepsBsleptCwassleepingDissleepinglies________inthesouthofChina.Japanlies_______theeastofChina.Ain,onBin,toCon,inDon,towritealettertomeas______aspossible.Imissyousomuch.AsoonBsoonerCsoonestDthesoonest三．用所給詞的正確形式填空。_________(need)apairofshoes.runshomeand_________(sit)onthechair._______________(notdo)herhomeworkeveryday.atthoseoldpeople.Theyare_________and__________(sing,dance)all_________(go)tothemountainsyesterdaymorning.he_________(have)lunchathome_________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother__________.sun______(rise)intheeastand_________(set)inthewest.9.Tomenjoys___________(go)swimminginsummer.hadbetter__________(go)bybus,oryouwillbelate.will_______(tell)LiMingthegoodnewsassoonasheseeshim.night,we___________(notgo)backhomeuntiltheteacherleftschool.Marylike_________(go)toShanghaiwithus____________(be)aEnglishtextnextMonday.’tyouseeI’mbusy__________(cook)四．按要求改寫句子。youdoyourhomeworklastnight（作否定回答）__________________________________________2，Johnwenttoseehisgrandmotheronceaweek.(就劃線部分提問)_____________________________________________wenttoGuangzhoulastmonth(就劃線部分提問)___________________________________________4.IwenttoBeijingfivetimeslastyear(改為一般疑問句)_______________________________________canmakegoodplane.(改為一般疑問句)_____________________________________6.Heisdrinkingteaunderthetree.(改為否定句)_______________________________________alwaystalksaboutthefashionshow.(改為一般疑問句)________________________________________________五．閱讀理解。AWhatisthebestwaytolearnalanguageWeshouldrememberthatwelearnedourownlanguagewellwhenwewerechildren.Ifwelearnasecondlanguageinthesameway,itwillnotseemdifficult.Thinkofwhatasmallchilddoes.Helistenstowhatpeoplesayandtriestoimitate(模仿)whathehears.Whenhewantssomethinghehastoaskforit,heisusingthelanguage,talkinginitallthetime.Ifpeoplehavetouseasecondlanguageallthetime,theywilllearnitquickly.Welearnourownlanguagebyhearingpeoplespeakit,notbyseeingwhattheywrite.Weimitatewhatwehear.Inschool,thoughyoulearntoreadandwriteaswellastohearandspeak,itisbesttolearnallthenewwordsthroughtheear.Youcanreadthem,spellthemandwritethemlater.()1.Everyonelearnshismotherlanguagewhenhe________.AwasakidBisakidCwasamanDisfive()2.Alittlechildlearnstospeakbyimitating__________.AwhatpeoplesayBwhatpeopleseeCwhatpeoplethinkDwhatpeoplehear()3.Peoplecanlearnalllanguagequicklyifthey__________.AreadandwriteitsometimesBaskforitChearitattimesDuseitallthetime()isbesttolearnnewwordsthrough__________first.AreadingBlisteningCwritingDspelling.()5.WhatisthebestwaytolearnalanguageAListeningtowhatpeoplesingBImitatingwhatpeopledoCUsingthelanguageallthetimeDBothAandBBAnoldmanownedaveryclevermonkey.Hewasfondofthemonkey.Theoldmanlovedtositunderthebigtreeinhisgardenandsleepintheafternoon.Whenbirdscameintothegardenandmadenoises,themonkeychasedhimaway.Healsochasedawayflieswhichwereontheman’sfacewhilehewassleeping.Onehotsummerafternoon,theoldmanwasasleepinhischair.Aflycameandsatontheendofhisnose.Themonkeywassittingbesidetheoldman.Hesawtheflyandchaseditawayfromtheoldman’snose.Soontheflyreturned.Themonkeychaseditawayagain.Afterawhile,theflycamebackandthemonkeychasedit,andthishappenedfiveorsix