小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)

小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)一、名詞可數(shù)名詞：表示可以具體個(gè)別存在的人或物?？蓴?shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)形式，其單數(shù)形式與不定冠詞a（n）連用?？蓴?shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則：.一般情況下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds.以s?x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,力口-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞：表示不能個(gè)別存在的事物，如液體類(lèi)，氣體類(lèi)的物質(zhì)；少數(shù)固體類(lèi)的物質(zhì)（grass草，ice冰），抽象的名詞（help幫助，music音樂(lè)）。不可數(shù)名詞沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)（如somewater）,不能與不定冠詞連用。寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)photodiary day dressthief yo-yo

peach juice water rice teawoman__man bananabus childfoot sheep _leaf（樹(shù)葉） dish knife pen boy baby map class city eye box book office car fox（狐貍）skirt tooth watch shelf wifelibrary pear .cinema tomato Englishman papermilk Frenchman postman familymouse mango people（人們） Japanese fish brush sandwich policeman.. watermelon.. Chinese strawberry_ match glass 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成：1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。注意：（我用am,你用are,三單is,復(fù)數(shù)are。）.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞（+其它）。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。注意：（當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)（he,she,it）時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化：1.be動(dòng)詞的變化?？隙ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+be+其它。 如：Heisaworker.他是工人。否定句：主語(yǔ)+be+not+其它。 Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be+主語(yǔ)+其它。（be動(dòng)詞移到句首）如：Iamastudent.-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Mybikeisunderthetree.Isyourbikeunderthetree?Whereisyourbike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化?？隙ň洌褐髡Z(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形（+其它）。否定句:主語(yǔ)+don't（doesn't）+動(dòng)詞原形（+其它）。如：Ilikebread.Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：Heofterplaysfootball.Hedoesn'toftenplayfootball.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。(句首加助動(dòng)詞do,does)如：Ioftenplayfootball.-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Shegoestoschoolbybike.-Doesshegotoschoolbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Shegoestoschoolbybike.Doesshegotoschoolbybike?Howdoesshegotoschool?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則.-一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks.以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾,力口-es,如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專(zhuān)練：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)drink go stay make

carry__fly teach carry__fly teach come watch plant study brush do 二、用am,is,are填空I aboy. youaboy?No,I not.Thegirl Jack'ssister.Thedog tallandfat.Themanwithbigeyes ateacher.yourbrotherintheclassroom?Where yourmother?She athome.How yourfather?MikeandLiuTao atschool.Whosedress this?Whosesocks they?That myredskirt.Who I?13.Thejeans onthedesk.14.Here ascarfforyou.15.Here somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackgloves forSuYang.17.Thispairofgloves forYangLing.18.Thetwocupsofmilk forme.Sometea intheglass.GaoShan'sshirt overthere.Mysister'sname Nancy.This notWangFang'spencil. DavidandHelenfromEngland?There agirlintheroom.There someapplesonthetree.thereanykitesintheclassroom?thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?There somebreadontheplate.There aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark.You,heandI fromChina.三、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DavidandTom (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Mike (notgo)tothezooonSunday.they (like)theWorldCup?What theyoften (do)onSaturdays?yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be)somewaterinthebottle.Mike (like)cooking.They (have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I (be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.7.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.-Whatday (be)ittoday?—It'sSaturday.四、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子DavidwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句,作肯定回答）Helenlikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改為否定句）HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改為否定句）Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）JimcomesfromCanada.（對(duì)戈ij線部分提問(wèn)）Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）10.TomandDavidlikegoingskating.（改為否定句）五、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?Doeshelikesgoingfishing?Helikesplaygamesafterclass.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。（句中一般含有now,look,listen.）.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy..現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加noto如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisnotreadingbooksinhisstudy..現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？（注意：當(dāng)劃線部分包含謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用疑問(wèn)詞代替劃線部分放到句首，原劃線處應(yīng)加上doing）如：Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?IsTomreadingbooksinhisstudy?WhatisTomdoinginhisstudy?WhereisTomreadingbooks?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則.一般情況下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking.以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing,如：make-making,taste-tasting.如果末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加ing,如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swimmakego like writeskireadhavesingdanceput see buy love_livetakecomeget.stop__ sit begin shop..二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：.Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.Its5o'clocknow.We (have)suppernowHelen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：.Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否定句).Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答)3.I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn))4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.（對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow,nextday（week,month,year...）,soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：?begoingto+do：如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.②will+do. 如：Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am,is,are）后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞w川后加not成won't。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.->Iamnotgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.-*lwillnotgoswimmingtomorrow.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be動(dòng)詞或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱(chēng)互換。如：Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow.一Areyougoingtogoswimmingtomorrow?Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一Willyougoswimmingtomorrow?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。（疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?）一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1、問(wèn)人。Who例如：Iamgoingtoschool.Tomwillgotoschool.Areyougoingtoschool?WillTomgotoschool?Who'sgoingtoschool?Whowillgotoschool?2、問(wèn)干什么。What...do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.Isyourfathergoingtowatcharacewithyouthisafternoon.?Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon?Myfatherwillwatcharacewithmethisafternoon.Willyourfatherwatcharacewithyouthisafternoon.?Whatwillyourfatherdowithyouthisafternoon?3、問(wèn)彳卜么時(shí)候。When.例如：Sheisgoingtoswimatnine.Shewillswimatnine.Isshegoingtoswimatnine?Willsheswimatnine?Whenisshegoingtoswim?Whenwillsheswim?六、同義句：begoingto=will（begoingto常指客觀情況，will常指主觀情況）Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.一、改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）Nancy goingtogocamping.Tilgoandjointhem.（改否定）I go jointhem.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句） togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.（同上）goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually (watch)TVand (catch)insects?It'sFridaytoday.What she (do)thisweekend?She (watch)TVand(catch)insects.What (do)youdolastSunday?I (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSunday?I (milk)cows.Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.I (plan)formystudynow.五、一般過(guò)去時(shí).一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。.Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：(l)am和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。(wasnot=wasn't)(2)are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。(werenot=weren't)⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。.句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn't+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句：⑴疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句？如：Jimwenthomeyesterday.DidJimgohomeyesterday?WhatdidJimdoyesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：.一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked.結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted.末尾是輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母,再力口一ed,如：stop-stopped.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：詞義現(xiàn)在(原形)過(guò)去是am,is(be)was是are(be)were成為becomebecame開(kāi)始beginbegan彎曲bendbent吹blowblew買(mǎi)buybought能cancould捕捉catchcaught選擇choosechose來(lái)comecame切cutcut做do,doesdid畫(huà)drawdrew飲drinkdrank吃eatate感覺(jué)feelfelt發(fā)現(xiàn)findfound飛flyflew忘記forgetforgot得到getgot給givegave走gowent成長(zhǎng)growgrew有have,hashad聽(tīng)hearheard受傷hurthurt保持keepkept知道knowknew學(xué)習(xí)learnlearned,learnt允許，讓letlet躺lielay制造makemade可以maymight意味meanmeant會(huì)見(jiàn)meetmet必須mustmust放置putput讀readread騎、乘riderode響、鳴ringrang跑runran說(shuō)saysaid看見(jiàn)seesaw將shallshould唱歌singsang坐下sitsat睡覺(jué)sleepslept說(shuō)speakspoke度過(guò)spendspent掃sweepswept過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式is\am fly plant are__drink play go makedoes dance worry ask__taste eat draw put__throw kick pass do―Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Iatschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Theywereinhispocket.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.ItChildren'sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 肯、否定回答： 行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（1）一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)apartylastHalloween.Nancy (pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.I (make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.They (play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.Mymother (cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.Thegirls (sing)and (dance)attheparty.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： Nancywenttoschoolearly.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)(2)Name No. Date 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I(watch)acartoononSaturday.Herfather (read)anewspaperlastnight.We tozooyesterday,we tothepark,(go)you (visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?he (fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he GaoShan (pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.I (sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother .What she (find)inthegardenlastmorning?She (find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯、否定回答： 過(guò)去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(1)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It (be)Ben'sbirthdaylastFriday.Weall (have)agoodtimelastnight.He (jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen (milk)acowonFriday.Shelikes newspapers,butshe abookyesterday,(read)He footballnow,butthey basketballjustnow.(play)Jim'smother (plant)treesjustnow.they (sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they .I (watch)acartoononMonday.We (go)toschoolonSunday.過(guò)去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)(2)用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空It (be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite (go)tohisofficebycar.GaoShan (put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.Don't thehouse.Mum ityesterday,(clean)What you justnow?Isomehousework.(do)Iwantto apples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth,(pick)he theflowersthismorning?Yes,he .(water)She (be)aprettygirl.Look,she (do)Chinesedances.Thestudentsoften (draw)somepicturesintheartroom.What Mikedoonthefarm?He cows,(milk)六、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)復(fù)習(xí)及練習(xí)A、形容詞的比較級(jí)1、形容詞比較級(jí)在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個(gè)事物或人的比較用比較級(jí)，比較級(jí)后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級(jí)前面可以用more,alittle來(lái)修飾表示程度。than后的人稱(chēng)代詞用主格(口語(yǔ)中可用賓格)o.形容詞加er的規(guī)則：⑴一般在詞尾加er；⑵以字母e結(jié)尾，加r；⑶以輔音字母加一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾(除ow結(jié)尾)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加er；⑷以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，先把y變i,再加er.(5)兩個(gè)音節(jié)或兩個(gè)以上的音節(jié)的，在原級(jí)前加more如：beautiful-morebeautiful.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級(jí)：good-betterB、副詞的比較級(jí).形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別(有be用形，有形用be：有動(dòng)用副，有副用動(dòng))⑴在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動(dòng)詞之后⑵副詞在句子中最常見(jiàn)的是處于實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之后.副詞比較級(jí)的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級(jí)相同（不規(guī)則變化：well-better,far-farther）☆表示兩者之間沒(méi)有差別時(shí)，使用句型：主語(yǔ)（第一個(gè)人物）+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+第二個(gè)人物+….如：Lilyranasslowasanoldwoman.（莉莉跑得像老太太一樣慢）Theypickedasmanyapplesasthefarmers.（他們摘的蘋(píng)果和農(nóng)民一樣多）☆表示第一個(gè)人比不上第二個(gè)人時(shí)，使用句型：主語(yǔ)（第一個(gè)人物）+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（否定式）+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as+第二個(gè)人物如：Lilydidnotrunasslowasanoldwoman.（莉莉跑得不像老太太那樣慢）Theydidn'tpickasmanyapplesasthefarmers.（他們摘的蘋(píng)果不如農(nóng)民多）一、寫(xiě)出下列形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)old young tall __long short strong big small.fat thin heavy _light一nice good beautiful —low __high slow ―fast一late early far well.二、根據(jù)句意填入單詞的正確形式：Mybrotheristwoyears （old）thanme.Tomisas (fat)asJim.Isyoursister (young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.Whois (thin),youorHelen?Helenis.Whosepencil-boxis (big),yoursorhers?Hersis.Mary'shairisas (long)asLucy's.7.Ben (jump) (high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.. Nancysing (well)thanHelen?Yes,she ..Fangfangisnotas (tall)astheothergirls..Myeyesare (big)than (she)...Whichis (heavy),theelephantorthepig?.Whogetsup (early),TimorTom?13. thegirlsgetup (early)thantheboys?No,they .14.Jimruns (slow).ButBenruns (slow).15.Thechilddoesn't (write)as (fast)asthestudents.七、Therebe句型與have,has的區(qū)別1、Therebe句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最靠近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not,-一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。4、therebe句型與have(has)的區(qū)別：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人擁有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的運(yùn)用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。7、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Howmany+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)？Howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)？8、針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What's+介詞短語(yǔ)？Fillintheblankwith"have,hasHor"thereis,thereare”I agoodfatherandagoodmother.atelescopeonthedesk.He atape-recorder.abasketballintheplayground.She somedresses.They anicegarden.Whatdoyou ?areading-roominthebuilding?WhatdoesMike ?anybooksinthebookcase?Myfather astory-book.astory-bookonthetable.anyflowersinthevase?Howmanystudents intheclassroom?5.Myparents somenicepictures.16. somemapsonthewall.7. amapoftheworldonthewall.David atelescope.David'sfriends sometents.manychildrenonthehill.用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。1、There alotofsweetsinthebox.2、There somemilkintheglass.3、There somepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、There apictureandamaponthewall.5、There aboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、There lotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、There atinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8>There fourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fillintheblankwith“have,hasI anicepuppet.He__ _agoodfriend.They somemasks.We someflowers.She aduck.Myfather anewbike.Hermother avase.Ourteacher anEnglishbook.Ourteachers abasketball.Theirparents someblanketsNancy manyskirts.12.David somejackets.13.Myfriends afootball.TOC\o"1-5"\h\z14.Whatdoyou ?15.WhatdoesMike ?16.Whatdoyourfriends ?17.WhatdoesHelen 118.Hisbrother abasketball.19.Hersister anicedoll.20.MissLi anEnglishbook.八、人稱(chēng)代詞和物主代詞1、人稱(chēng)代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常位于句中第一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之前（有時(shí)候位于than之后），賓格一般位于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時(shí)后面一般要帶上名詞，名詞性則單獨(dú)使用，后面不帶名詞。人稱(chēng)代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我Ime我的mymine你，你們youyou你的，你們的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我們weus我們的ourours他（她,它）們theythem他（她，它）們的theirtheirs一.填寫(xiě)代詞表Iitweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Thatisnot kite.Thatkiteisverysmall,but isverybig.(I)Thedressis Giveitto (she)Isthiswatch?(you)No,ifsnot.(I) ismybrother. nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare (he) dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)Herearemanydolls,whichoneis?(she)Icanfindmytoy,butwhere's ?(you)Showyourkite,OK?(they)IhaveabeautifulisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)Arethese tickets?No, arenot . aren'there.(they)Shall havealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)ismyaunt.Doyouknow job? anurse.(she)13.Thatisnot camera. isathome.(he)14.Whereare 11can'tfind .Let'scall parents.(they)15.Don'ttouch . notacat, atiger!sisterisill.Pleasegoandget .(she)7. don'tknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell .(we)18.Somanydogs.Let'scount .(they)19.Ihavealovelybrother. isonly3.Ilike verymuch.(he)MayIsitbeside ?(you)Lookatthatdesk.Thosebookareon .(it)Thegirlbehind isourfriend.(she)三、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾。1.Thisis(my/I)mother.2.Nicetomeet(your/you).3.(He/His)nameisMark.4.What's(she/her)name?5.Excuse(me/my/I). 6.Are(your/you)MissLi?7.(1/My)amBen.8.(She/Her)ismysister.Fine,thank(your/you). 10.Howoldis(he/his)四、單項(xiàng)選擇。( )1.Myunclegaveanewbiketo .A.theirsB.theyC.meD.I( )2.Thisisaphotoof family.MayIhaveoneof ?A.yours;myB.my;yoursC.your;myD.yours;mine)3.Here'sapostcardforyou,Jim!—Oh, isfromMary.A.he B.it C.sheD.it's( )4.Theyasked somequestions English.A.me;aboutB.I;aboutC.I;withD.me;with( )5.Help answerthequestions.A.I B.myC.meD.mine( )6.Thesearemybooks.Whereare ?A.theirB.theirsC.myD.your五、改錯(cuò)Minewalletisonthebed.Thisisn'tMike'swatch,it'sher.Isthisyourteapot?No,it'stheirsteapot.Whosecombisit?It,sour.六、用適當(dāng)?shù)奈镏鞔~填空Thisis (my)book. (your)isinthebag.Theclassroomis(our).Arethesewatches (her)?No. (her)watchesareathome.Theyaren't (his)teapots.Theyare (their).Thebigmirroris(his).Thatisnot (my)comb.It's (her).Isthiscalculator (your)?Thishairdryerisn'tmysister's.It's (my).七、根據(jù)中文提示，用代詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1、Thereisanewdressfor (他的)sister.2、Thisis （我的）wallet （我的）isred.3、 （誰(shuí)的）calculatorsarethese? （他們）are （我們的）.4、Give （她）atoy,please.（你們的）eyesareblack. （你們）comefromJapan.TimandBillaretwins. （彳也們）arefromEngland.Show （他們）around （我們的）school.7、Givethebookto （我）.8、Thesebooksare（他的）.（他的）booksarenew.補(bǔ)充：名詞所有格：1、名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)。其構(gòu)成法如下：（1）表示人或其它有生命的東西的名詞常在詞尾加's。如：Childern'sDay（兒童節(jié)），mysister'sbook（我姐姐的書(shū)）⑵以s或es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。只在詞尾加如：Teachers'Day（教師節(jié)）（3）有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命的名詞，也可在詞尾加's.如：today'snewspaper（今天的報(bào)紙），tenminutes'break（十分鐘的課間休息），China'spopulation（中國(guó)的人口）.

（4）無(wú)論表示有生命還是無(wú)生命的東西的名詞，一般均可用介詞of短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系。如：afinedaughteroftheParty（黨的好女兒）.2、［注解］:①,s還可以表示某人的家或者某個(gè)店鋪，如：myaunt's（我阿姨家）,thedoctor's（診所）②兩人共有某物時(shí)，可以采用AandB's的形式，如：LucyandLily'sbedroom（露西和麗麗合住的臥室）③"of+名詞所有格/名詞性物主代詞”，稱(chēng)為雙重所有格，如：afriendofmyfather's（我父親的一位朋友）,afriendofmine（我的一位朋友）短語(yǔ)翻譯：.我的的爺爺 2.杰姆的房間.我奶奶的錢(qián)包 4.那些學(xué)生的書(shū)5.這些工人的外套 6.那些小孩的父母.那些男人的帽子.那間教室的窗戶(hù).那些男人的帽子.那間教室的窗戶(hù)9.海倫的同學(xué).9.海倫的同學(xué).11.湯姆的姑父10.這些男孩的床12.我兄弟的鋼筆13.那些老師的書(shū)桌 14.這些醫(yī)生的杯子15.那些女孩的座位 16.那些女人的自行車(chē)17.那些警察的褲子 18.那個(gè)書(shū)包的顏色縮略形式寫(xiě)出下列詞的完全形式can't ___I'd aren't __they'relet's __wasn't __that's —don'twhen's t一―didn't __you're ―doesn'he's .she's I'm isn'tI've shouldn't ril_____who's冠詞1、冠詞分類(lèi)及讀法:英語(yǔ)中冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種，常放在名詞的前面，用來(lái)限定名詞的意義，起泛指或特指的作用。定冠詞the讀法：?jiǎn)为?dú)念時(shí)讀[Ti:],在句子中常發(fā)[Ti]（元音之前）或者[T[]（輔音之前）；不定冠詞a/an的讀法：?jiǎn)为?dú)念時(shí)讀[ei]/[An]；在句子中常發(fā)[[]/[[n]o2、不定冠詞a/an的用法：不定冠詞a/an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音開(kāi)頭的詞前面；an用在元音開(kāi)頭的詞的前面。不定冠詞的基本用法：（1）表示某一個(gè)人或東西，但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。如：Thereisadoglyingontheground』有一只狗躺在地上。）⑵表示某類(lèi)人或事物,以區(qū)別于其他種類(lèi)。如：Aelephantismuchstrongerthanaman.（大象比人強(qiáng)壯多了。）（不能譯為：一頭大象比一個(gè)人強(qiáng)壯。）（2）表示某類(lèi)人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。如：HeisateacherofEnglish.（他是英語(yǔ)教師。）（4）表示"一”這個(gè)數(shù)量。如：Thereisatableandfourchairsinthatdining-room.（在那個(gè)餐廳里有一張桌子和四把椅子。）（5）幾個(gè)用不定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ)：abit（一點(diǎn)）,alittle（一點(diǎn)）,afew（兒個(gè)）,alot（許多）,akindof（一種）,apairof（一副、一雙），anumberof（大量的）,apieceof（一張、一片）,halfanhour（半小時(shí)）,haveagoodtime（玩得開(kāi)心）,haveacold（感冒），makeanoise（發(fā)出嘈雜聲），have/takea（rest等）（休息）一會(huì)兒，等等。3、定冠詞the的用法：定冠詞the用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的名詞前面。定冠詞的基本用法：（1）表示特指的人或事物。如:ThemanwithaflowerinhishandisJack..（手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克）（2）指談話(huà)雙方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Lookattheblackboard,Lily.（莉莉，請(qǐng)看黑板。）⑶復(fù)述前面提到過(guò)的人或事物。如：Thereisamanunderthetree.ThemaniscalledRobert.（樹(shù)下有個(gè)人,那個(gè)人叫羅伯特。）（4）表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。如：Theearthturnsaroundthesun.（地球繞太陽(yáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)。）⑸用在表示方位的名詞前面。如：TherewillbestrongwindtothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver.（長(zhǎng)江以南地區(qū)將會(huì)刮大風(fēng)。）（6）在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)的前面。如：Whoisthefirstonetogo?（誰(shuí)第一個(gè)去？）/Ofallthestars,thesunisthenearesttotheearth.（在所有的恒星之中太陽(yáng)離地球最近）（7）常用在樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)的前面。如:Hebegantoplaytheviolinattheageof5.（五歲時(shí)他開(kāi)始拉小提琴）（8）用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱(chēng)的前面。如：IhaveneverbeentotheHimalayaMountains.（我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)喜馬拉雅山）（9）用在含有普通名詞的專(zhuān)有名詞的前面。如：HeisfromtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.（他來(lái)自美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)）（10）用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：TheGreensaregoingtoMountEmeinextmonth.（下個(gè)月格林一家要去峨眉山）（11）same之前一般用the。如:LucyandLilylookthesame.（W西和莉莉看上去長(zhǎng)得一樣）（12）幾個(gè)用定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ):atthesametime（與此同時(shí)）,makethebed（鋪床）,intheend（最后）,allthetime（一直）,bytheway（順便說(shuō)一下）,ontheway（在路上）等等。4、一些不用冠詞的情況：（1）專(zhuān)有名詞和（第一次使用）一些不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)前面通常不用。如：Chinaisaverylargecountry.（中國(guó)是個(gè)大國(guó)）/Manneedsairandwater.（人類(lèi)需要空氣和水）⑵名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不用。如：Mypenismuchmoreexpensivethanyours.（我的鋼筆比你的昂貴多了）（3）周名,月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。如：HewasbornonMonday,February18,1995.（他出生在1995年二月十八日，星期一）/Theyusuallyplanttreesonthehillsinspring.（春天他們通常在山上植樹(shù)）（4）（第一次使用）復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類(lèi)別時(shí)不用。如：Menareclevererthanmonkeys.（人比猴子聰明）（5）三餐飯前不用。如：Wehavebreakfastathomeandlunchatschool.（我們?cè)诩页栽顼?在校吃午飯）(6)節(jié)、假日前一般不用。如:OnChildren'sDaytheboysoftengetpresentsfromtheirparents.(在兒童節(jié),這些男孩經(jīng)常得到父母的禮物)(7)球類(lèi)名詞前不用。如：ThechildrenplayfootballonSaturdayafternoons.(孩子們星期六下午踢足球)(8)城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱(chēng)前不用。如：TheyarenowatPeople'sCinema.(他們此刻在人民電影院)(9)一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中不用。如：(1)at/to/from/outof/after/forschool;(2)in/to/for/afterclass;(3)in/to/outof/intobed;(4)after/at/from/outof/towork;(5)at/tosea;(6)in/from/down/totown;(7)at/fromhome;(8)at/for/tobreakfast/lunch/supper;(9)atnight/noon/midnight;(10)onfoot;(11)gotoschool/bed;(12)ontopof;(13)infrontof;(14)onshow/display/duty/watch;(15)in/outofhospital;(16)atall;(17)on/intime;(18)atfirst/last/once;(19)inChinese/English,etc.;(20)takecareof介詞：1、介詞的主要用法：介詞是一種虛詞，不能獨(dú)立使用。介詞之后一般有名詞或代詞(賓格)或相當(dāng)于名詞的其他詞類(lèi)、短語(yǔ)或從句作它的賓語(yǔ)，即構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。有些介詞是由兩個(gè)以上的詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)介詞，如：outof(從…中出來(lái)),awayfrom(距離...),nextto(在…隔壁)，infrontof(在…前方)等。2、介詞的分類(lèi)表：（見(jiàn)下表）地點(diǎn)（位置、范圍）介詞:after在...后面，at在...處，before在…前，behind在...后，beside在...旁邊，between在...之間，from來(lái)自...，in在...里面，near靠近...，on在...上面，outside在.…外面，under在...下方，infrontof在…前，inthemiddleof在…的中間,atthebackof在…的后部,等等。方向（目標(biāo)趨向）介詞:along沿著…，around繞著…，at朝著down向...下，for向...，from從/離...，in進(jìn)入...，into進(jìn)入...，near接近…，off脫離/除…，outof向…外，outside向….外，to向/朝…,up向...上，awayfrom遠(yuǎn)離...時(shí)間介詞：about大約...，after在…以后,at在…（時(shí)刻）,before在...以前,for有…（之久）,from從…（時(shí)）起，in在（上/下午）;on在（某日），past過(guò)了…（時(shí)），to到（下一時(shí)刻）,方式介詞：as作為/當(dāng)作…，by用/由/乘坐/被…，in用...（語(yǔ)言），like與…一樣,on騎（車(chē)）/徒（步）,with用（材料），用（手/腳/耳/眼），涉及介詞：about關(guān)于…，in在…（方面）,of…的，有關(guān)…,to對(duì)...而言，with就…而言其它介詞：【目的介詞】for?為了…，to為了…【比較介詞】as與…一樣,like象…一樣,than比…,to與…相比少,【伴隨/狀態(tài)介詞】at在（上班/休息/上學(xué)/家,etc.）,in穿著...（衣服/顏色），on在（值日），with與…一起，有/帶著/長(zhǎng)著…3、介詞短語(yǔ)的句法作用：介詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞或副詞，可用作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。如：Themancame<downthestairs〉.（狀）（那個(gè)人走下樓來(lái)）/Thewoman<withafloweronherhead>isfromthecountryside.（定）（頭上戴花的婦女來(lái)自鄉(xiāng)下）/Theteacherisnowwiththestudents.（表）（老師現(xiàn)在和學(xué)生在一起）4、介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中的位置：介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果表示時(shí)間/地點(diǎn),可以放在句首或句尾，如果表示方向/方式/伴隨/涉及/原因/目的/比較，一般放在句尾；介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)時(shí)放在連系動(dòng)詞之后；介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，只能放在被修飾的名詞之后。如：HewantedtofindagoodjobinShanghaithenextyear.（狀語(yǔ)）（他想來(lái)年在上海找份好工作）/Theysearchedtheroomforthethief.（他們?cè)诜块g里搜索小偷）/Thelettersareforyou.（表語(yǔ)）（信是給你的）/Haveyouseenacatwithablackheadandfourwhitelegs?（定語(yǔ)）（你看見(jiàn)一只黑頭白腿的貓了嗎？）5、重要注釋?zhuān)海?）this/that/these/those/last/next/a/every/each等詞構(gòu)成的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)，前面不用任何介詞。如：EveryyeartravellersfromabroadcometovisitPingyao.（每年都有國(guó)外的游客來(lái)游覽平窯鎮(zhèn)）/Hehadabadcoldthatweek.（那個(gè)星期他患重感冒）⑵記住一些固定詞組：onfoot（步行），atnight（在晚上），playwith（玩耍）,lookoutof（朝...外面看）,withone'shelp（在…的幫助下）,lookafter（照料...）,lookfor（尋找...）,onabike（=bybike）騎車(chē)，helpsb.with（幫某人做…）等等。6、某些介詞的用法辨析：⑴時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)介詞in、on、at的用法區(qū)別：表示時(shí)間時(shí)，in表示在一段時(shí)間里（在將來(lái)時(shí)句子中則表示在一段時(shí)間之后）,on表示在具體的某一天或者某天的上下午等，at表示在某個(gè)時(shí)刻或者瞬間；表示地點(diǎn)時(shí)，in表示在某個(gè)范圍之內(nèi)，on表示在某個(gè)平面上或與一個(gè)面相接觸,at則表示在某個(gè)具體的場(chǎng)所或地點(diǎn)。如：HewasbornonthemorningofMay1Oth.（他出生于五月十日的早晨）/Iusuallygetupat7：00inthemorning.（我通常在早上的七點(diǎn)鐘起床）/Hisglassesarerightonhisnose.（他的眼鏡就架在他的鼻子上）/Heisatthecinemaatthemoment.（此亥!j他正在電影院）⑵after與in表示時(shí)間的用法區(qū)別：“after+（具體時(shí)刻/從句）”表示“在…時(shí)刻之后”常用于一般時(shí)態(tài)；“in+（一段時(shí)間）”表示“在（多久）之后"，常用于將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。如：Hesaidthathewouldbehereafter6：00.（他說(shuō)他六點(diǎn)鐘之后會(huì)來(lái)這兒）/MyfatheriscomingbackfromEnglandinaboutamonth.（我父親大約一個(gè)月以后從英國(guó)回來(lái)）⑶by、in與with表示方式的用法區(qū)別：都可以表示“工具、手段”，但是by主要表示“乘坐”某個(gè)交通工具或"以……方式”，in表示“使用”某種語(yǔ)言/文字,with表示"使用”某個(gè)具體的工具、手段。如：Weseewithoureyesandwalkwithourfeet.（我們用眼睛看東西，用雙腳走路）/Pleasewritethatarticle（文章）inEnglish.（請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)那篇文章）/Let'sgotothezoobytaxi.（我們打的去動(dòng)物園吧。）/ItwaswrittenbyLaoShe.（那是老舍寫(xiě)的）（5）infrontof與inthefrontof：infrontof"在…的前面”，與inthefromof”在...的前部如：Acarwasparkinginfrontofthehall.（大廳跟前停著一輛汽車(chē)）/Inthefrontofthehallstoodabigdesk.（大廳前部立著一個(gè)大講臺(tái)）用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空：Tomistheboy glasses.Pleasereadsomebooks Chinesemedicine.Sheworksinthedayandhasarest night.Myuncleworks afarm.MrBlackandYangLingaretalking aparty.Shewants buyasweater herdaughter.It'samap China.Let'shavealook thepicture.What,sthat Chinese?I'm ClassOne.Thereisaclock thewall theclassroom.2.Canyouseeanapple thetree?No,ButIcanseeabird thetree.3.Thereisapurse here.14.Thereisaboat thelake.15.Therearemanykites thesky.16.Whatclothesisshewearing?Sheis red.17.Canyouseetheboy thebike?18.Thewoman ayellowdressismymother.19.Whocanyousee thepicture?Who'stheman yourmotherandfather?GaoShangetsup 6:00 themorning.Wedon'thaveclasses Sundaymorning.Whatdoyouoftendo Saturday?Canyouhelpme mymaths?What'swrong you?Who's duty?It)stime supper.Shecan'tfindtheway.Sosheasksthepoliceman help.Aman Shanghaigoestothepark hisdaughter.Yoursocksare thedesk.Putthema