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書山有路勤為徑,學海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-上海交通職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

()mainlyfortheinventionofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBelldevotedhislifetohelpingthedeaf.

問題1選項

A.Heisremembered

B.Whilebeingremembered

C.Toberemembered

D.Thoughremembered

【答案】D

【解析】考查讓步狀語從句。后面的句子完整,

但是沒有連詞連接,

由此可知前面應該為獨立主格結構,

所以首先排除選項A。根據(jù)句意:雖然人們記得亞歷山大·格雷厄姆·貝爾主要是由于電話的發(fā)明,

但實際上他一生都致力于幫助失聰者。前后有轉(zhuǎn)折的關系,

所以用連詞though更適合。

2.單選題

Onceitwaspossibletodefinemaleandfemaleroleseasilybythedivisionoflabor.Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.

Inthe1950s,economicandsocialsuccesswasthegoalofthetypicalAmerican.Butinthe1960sanewforcedevelopedcalledthecounterculture.Thepeopleinvolvedinthismovementdidnotvaluethemiddle-classAmericangoals.Thecounterculturepresentedmenandwomenwithnewrolechoices.Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.Inaddition,manyAmericansdidnotvaluethetraditionalmaleroleofsoldier.SomeyoungmenrefusedtobedraftedassoldierstofightinthewarinVietnam.

Intermsofnumbers,thecounterculturewasnotaverylargegroupofpeople.ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety.Workingmenofallclassesbegantochangetheireconomicandsocialpatterns.Industrialworkersandbusinessexecutivesalikecutdownon“overtime”worksothattheycouldspendmoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies.Somedoctors,lawyers,andteachersturnedawayfromhighpayingsituationstopracticetheirprofessionsinpoorerneighborhoods.

Inthe1970s,thefeministmovement,orwomen’sliberation,producedadditionaleconomicandsocialchanges.Womenofallagesandatalllevelsofsocietywereenteringtheworkforceingreaternumbers.Mostofthemstilltooktraditionalwomen’sjobsaspublicschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.Butsomewomenbegantoentertraditionallymaleoccupations:policework,banking,dentistry,andconstructionwork.Womenwereaskingforequalwork,andequalopportunitiesforpromotion.

Todaytheexpertsgenerallyagreethatimportantchangesaretakingplaceintherolesofmenandwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

andwomen.Naturally,therearedifficultiesinadjustingtothesetransformations.

1.WhichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph1?

2.WhichsentencebestexpressesthemainideaofParagraph2?

3.Inthepassagetheauthorproposesthatthecounterculture______.

4.Itcouldbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問題1選項

A.Womenusuallyworkedoutsidethehomeforwages.

B.Menandwomen’sroleswereeasilyexchangedinthepast.

C.Men’srolesathomeweremorefirmlyfixedthanwomen’s.

D.Menandwomen’sroleswereusuallyquiteseparatedinthepast.

問題2選項

A.Thefirstsentence.

B.Thesecondandthethirdsentences.

C.Thefourthsentence.

D.Thelastsentence.

問題3選項

A.destroyedtheUnitedStates

B.transfonnedsomeAmericanvalues

C.wasnotimportantintheUnitedStates

D.broughtpeoplemoreleisuretimewiththeirfamilies

問題4選項

A.menandwomenwillneversharethesamegoals

B.somemenwillbewillingtoexchangetheirtraditionalmaleroles

C.mostmenwillbehappytosharesomeofthehouseholdresponsibilitieswiththeirwives

D.moreAmericanhouseholdsareheadedbywomenthaneverbefore

問題5選項

A.ResultsofFeministMovements

B.NewinfluenceinAmericanLife

C.CountercultureandItsconsequence

D.TraditionalDivisionofMaleandFemaleRoles

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由文章第一段中Menworkedoutsidethehomeandearnedtheincometosupporttheirfamilies,whilewomencookedthemealsandtookcareofthehomeandthechildren.Theseroleswerefirmlyfixedformostpeople,andtherewasnotmuchopportunityforwomentoexchangetheirroles.(男人在外面工作,掙的錢養(yǎng)家,而女人做飯,照顧家里和孩子。這些角色對大多數(shù)人來說是固定不變的,婦女沒有機會交換她們的角色)可知過去男女的分工明確,角色相對固定,因此選D。

2.主旨大意題。文章第二段主要講述了反主流文化對男女分工角色的影響,再根據(jù)第一段最后一句中Butbythemiddleofthiscentury,men’sandwomen’sroleswerebecominglessfirmlyfixed.(但是到了本世紀中葉,男性和女性的角色越來越不固定)可知C選項最符合題意。

A選項“在20世紀50年代,經(jīng)濟和社會的成功是典型的美國人的目標”;B選項“但是在20世紀60年代,一支新的力量被稱為反文化。參與這場運動的人并不重視美國中產(chǎn)階級的目標;C選項“反主流文化為男性和女性提供了新的角色選擇”;D選項“一些年輕男性拒絕應征當兵參加越南戰(zhàn)爭”。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中ButitsinfluencespreadtomanypartsofAmericansociety(但它的影響卻蔓延到美國社會的許多方面)可推測反主流文化改變了美國的一些價值觀,因此選B。

4.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中Takingmoreinterestinchildcare,menbegantosharechild-raisingtaskswiththeirwives.Infact,someyoungmenandwomenmovedtocommunalhomesorfarmswheretheeconomicandchildcareresponsibilitiesweresharedequallybybothsexes.(由于對育兒更感興趣,男人們開始和妻子分擔撫養(yǎng)孩子的任務。事實上,一些年輕男女搬進了公共住宅或農(nóng)場,在那兒雙方共同承擔經(jīng)濟和撫養(yǎng)孩子的責任)可推測C選項“大多數(shù)男人都很樂意和妻子分擔一些家務”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了過去社會男女分工明確,角色固定;第二三段講述了反主流文化以及它的影響;第四段講述了女權運動給美國社會和經(jīng)濟帶來的變化;最后一段簡單概括男女地位的變化與轉(zhuǎn)變中的困難。因此B選項“美國生活的新影響”符合題意。

3.填空題

Fillineachofthenumberedblanksinthepassagewithonesuitableword.(10points)

Thewindwasstrongerthanithadbeenearlier.Ihad(1)beenoutinsuchastrongstormbefore.Aswedroverapidlythroughthewoodsthebranchesswayed(2)andforwardsabove(3).Lightningflashed.

“Iwishweweren’toutin(4)storm,”IsaidtoJohn.Thewordswerehardlyoutof(5)mouthwhenabranchfromatreecamecrashingdownacrosstheroadin(6)ofus.Weleaptoutofthecarandranquickly(7)thefallenbranch.Wehadtomoveit,otherwisewe(8)notbeabletocontinue(9)journey.

Wepulledandpusheduntilwewerefinallyabletomoveit(10)thesideoftheroad.Wegotbackintothecaranddrove(11)downtheroad.Wehadtogettothehouse(12)time.LordBrenton,(13)wasdying,wasthe(14)personwhocouldgiveustheinformationweneeded(15)wecouldcatchthemurderers.Hewasakeywitness.

Atlastwereachedourdestination.Thehouse(16)litupinsidelikeaChristmas(17).Hemust(18)bealive,Ithought,aswejumped(19)ofthecarandranupthestepsto(20)entranceofthehugeVictorianhouse.“Ithinkwe’vemadeit,”IcalledtoJohn.

【答案】1.never

2.quickly

3.all

4.the

5.my

6.front

7.avoiding

8.can

9.our

10.on

11.straight

12.on

13.who

14.important

15.so

16.was

17.Eve

18.to

19.out

20.make

【解析】1.根據(jù)上下文可知,這里應該是想表達作者從沒有在這么大風暴的環(huán)境出去過,因此可填入“never”。句意:我以前從未在這么大的暴風雨中出去過。

2.根據(jù)“swayed”可知,這里應當填入一個副詞,修飾“swayed”,并且與“rapidly”相應的詞,因此這里可填入“quickly”。句意:我們駕車疾馳穿過樹林時,樹枝搖擺得很快。

3.考查固定搭配,根據(jù)上下文可知,這里想表達的是“尤其”,因此可填入“all”,與above為固定搭配。句意:尤其是在前方。

4.根據(jù)上下文可知,這里想表達的是特指這個暴風雨,因此填入“the”。句意:我希望我們沒在暴風雨里。

5.根據(jù)上文可知,前面我說“我希望我們沒在暴風雨里”,但是這些話是還沒從我的嘴巴里說出來,因此填入“my”,符合語境。句意:這些話我?guī)缀鯖]說出口。

6.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)句意,可知是一根樹枝掉在我們前面,“infrontof”同樣也是固定搭配。句意:一根樹枝從我們面前的馬路上掉了下來。

7.根據(jù)上下文語義,可知我們一系列動作是為了避免掉落的分支,因此可以填入一個“避免”的單詞。句意:我們從車里跳出來,飛快地跑著,避開掉下來的樹枝。

8.根據(jù)上文otherwise表示轉(zhuǎn)折,可知下文表示我們不能……,這里填入一個“can”。句意:我們不能夠繼續(xù)。

9.根據(jù)上下文,這里作者想表達的是,否則我們不能夠繼續(xù)我們的旅程,可推測這里應當填入一個“our”。句意:我們不能夠繼續(xù)我們的旅程。

10.考查固定搭配,根據(jù)上文可知,我們又推又拉將樹枝移動到路邊,“onthesideoftheroad”(在道路的邊上),因此填入“on”,句意:我們又拉又推,直到最后能夠把它移到路邊。

11.根據(jù)上文我們回到車里,可以推測,作者要繼續(xù)沿著這條路一直開下去,因此應填入“straight”,“drovestraightdown”(筆直開下去)。句意:我們回到車里,沿著這條路一直開下去。

12.考查固定搭配,這里想表達的是,我們必須要按時回家,“ontime”(按時,準時),因此應填入“on”。句意:我們必須準時到家。

13.根據(jù)上下文,句中不缺少成分,可知這里應當填入一個代詞,又因前面是一個人,因此應填入“who”。句意:垂死的布倫頓勛爵。

14.根據(jù)后文的person,可知這里應當填入一個形容詞修飾“person”,以及后文的key,可推測這里需要填入一個表示“重要的”的詞。句意:布倫頓勛爵是一個重要的人。

15.根據(jù)上下文語境,兩者之間表示因果關系,因此填入“so”,句意:布蘭登勛爵可以提供我們需要的信息這樣我們就能抓住兇手。

16.根據(jù)上下文語境,可知是房子被點亮,需要使用一個被動語態(tài),因此填入“was”。句意:房子被點亮了。

17.上文說到房子燈火通明,像圣誕……,可推測像“平安夜”的夜晚。句意:屋子里燈火通明,就像平安夜一樣。

18.考查固定搭配,“mustto”(必須)。句意:他一定還活著。

19.根據(jù)上下文可知,這里“我們”應當是從車里出來,所以應在橫線處填上“out”。句意:我想,當我們跳下車的時候。

20.根據(jù)上下文可知,這里是說作者進入了這個大房間,因此可填入“make”。句意:我們跑上臺階,來到那幢維多利亞式的大房子門口。

4.單選題

WhenDickbegantotellabouthissummervacation,theteacher(

)him(

),saying"Tellusthatanothertime."

問題1選項

A.cut...down

B.shut...out

C.cut...short

D.shut...off

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。cutdown意為“減少,砍倒”;shutout意為“把……關在門外,阻斷(念頭、情感等)”;cutshort意為“縮短,打斷”;shutoff意為“關閉,停止”。

句意:當Dick開始講述他的暑假時,教師打斷了他,說“下次告訴我們”。

5.單選題

Althoughtheinsistenceonbalancingspendingagainsttaxrevenueshascontributedtotheeconomy’sstagnation,unfortunately,thegovernmentdoesnotseemlikelyto_______thisrigidpolicy.

問題1選項

A.persistin

B.initiate

C.repudiate

D.continue

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項persistin“堅持,固執(zhí)于”;B選項initiate“創(chuàng)始;發(fā)起”;C選項repudiate“拒絕;(正式)否認;斷絕關系”;D選項continue“繼續(xù);連續(xù)”。句意:盡管堅持收支平衡導致經(jīng)濟停滯,不幸的是,政府似乎不太可能_______這個僵化的政策。根據(jù)語境,這里指堅持收支平衡這個僵化的政策讓經(jīng)濟停滯,但政府大有可能繼續(xù)堅持這個政策,所以repudiate“(正式)否認”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

6.單選題

Thedirectionwereso()thatitwasimpossibletocompletetheassignment.

問題1選項

A.ingenious

B.ambitious

C.notorious

D.ambiguous

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。ingenious“有獨創(chuàng)性的”;ambitious“有野心的”;notorious“臭名昭著的”;ambiguous“模糊不清的”。句意:指示太模糊了,不可能完成這項任務。選項D符合題意。

7.翻譯題

PartII.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish(25分)

如果分析不當,造成誤解,就謹小慎微,不敢解放思想,不敢放開手腳。結果是喪失時機,猶如逆水行舟,不進則退。(《鄧小平文選》第三卷)

【答案】Ifwefailtomakeaproperanalysisandthusincurmisunderstanding,wewillbecomeovercautiousanddarenotemancipateoutmindsandactboldly.Consequently,wewillloseopportunities.Likeaboatsailingagainstthecurrent,wemustforgeaheadorbesweptdownstream.

8.翻譯題

FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.

Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.

Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.

Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.

The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.

ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.

【答案】【參考譯文】對許多中國人而言,2011年初有望進行新一輪教育改革,通過增加政府投資、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距、取得國際承認的高等教育、減少學術腐敗和官僚主義,來實現(xiàn)中國的教育質(zhì)量的提高。

根據(jù)這個具有里程碑意義的改革計劃,政府支持教育部門的投資將會穩(wěn)步增加,到2012年,教育經(jīng)費將總計達到國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的百分之四。

中國在1993年首次承諾將教育經(jīng)費增加至國內(nèi)成產(chǎn)總值的百分之四,但到目前為止還沒有達到該目標。這個耗費了一年又九個月時間來起草并在兩個單獨場合邀請公眾提供意見的計劃,被視為為長期遭受資金短缺的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡的教育部門的發(fā)展奠定了基礎。

農(nóng)村地區(qū)從學前教育到職業(yè)教育的教育發(fā)展將是我國整體發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的一個重點。

這個有二十二個章節(jié)的計劃稱,學前教育到2020年時應該基本普及且九年義務教育政策應該被鞏固。高中的升學率應該是兒童的90%,而高等教育的升學率應該是高中畢業(yè)生的40%。

中國建設世界級大學的關鍵在于授權教育工作者、學生和社會去評估教學質(zhì)量,允許教授自由進行學術研究,允許學生參加大學的管理。

9.單選題

EnglishisthedominantlanguageinHawaii,butitisinfusedwithHawaiianwords,phrasesandpidginslang.

問題1選項

A.included

B.affected

C.filled

D.spoiled

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.included包括,包含B.affected影響

C.filled(使)充滿,裝滿D.spoiled破壞,搞壞,毀掉

【答案】C

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】infused的意思為“使具有,注入(某特性)”,這里指夏威夷主要講英語,但在英語中有非常多的夏威夷詞匯、短語和洋涇浜俚語,filled與之詞義相近,因此C選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】英語是夏威夷的主導語言,但它滿是夏威夷詞匯、短語和洋涇浜俚語。

10.單選題

Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneededwerequitesimply(

)everycheatinthemarketplace.

問題1選項

A.inlieuof

B.forthepriceof

C.bycourtesyof

D.atthemercyof

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項inlieuof“代替”;B選項forthepriceof“以……為代價”;C選項bycourtesyof“由于……的作用,蒙……的好意”;D選項atthemercyof“完全由……支配,任由……擺布”。由“Consumersdeprivedoftheinformationandadvicetheyneeded(不了解他們需要的信息和建議的消費者)”和“cheatinthemarketplace(市場上的欺詐)”可知D選項符合邏輯搭配。句意:不了解他們需要的信息和建議的消費者,只能任由市場上的騙子擺布。

11.單選題

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitisimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohisownsubject,______extensivelyoutsideofit.

問題1選項

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.muchlessreading

D.stillmorereading

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.muchmoretoread要讀得更多

B.muchlesstoread更不用說去讀

C.muchlessreading更不用說讀D.stillmorereading仍然更多的閱讀

【考查點】比較級的用法。

【解題思路】句子中謂語動詞find的真正賓語是toread…,所以比較成分中同樣要用to的不定式;而muchless為常見用法,表示“更不用說”,符合句子意思。故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】

A選項不符合句子意思,與主句語意相矛盾;

C、D選項中的reading和主句中賓語成分結構不對等。

【句意】事實上,幾乎每一位科學家現(xiàn)在都發(fā)現(xiàn),要讀完與自己學科相關的所有著作是不可能的,更不用說廣泛閱讀學科之外的著作了。

12.單選題

Schoolchildrenoughttobe()totheirparentsandteachers.

問題1選項

A.alien

B.transient

C.obedient

D.current

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項alien“外國的;相異的”;B選項transient“短暫的;路過的”;C選項obedient“服從的;孝順的”;D選項current“現(xiàn)在的;最近的”。句意:學齡兒童應該……父母和老師。句中主語是Schoolchildren,由關鍵信息totheirparentsandteachers“對其父母和老師”要服從。因此C選項符合題意。

13.單選題

Itisusuallyagoodthingwhenadiscussionistakenfirmlybythehandandleddownfromtheheightsofto(

)thelevelgroundofhardfact.

問題1選項

A.ridiculousness

B.fantasy

C.audacity

D.mountaintops

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。ridiculousness“荒謬”;fantasy“幻想;幻覺”;audacity“厚顏無恥”;mountaintop“山頂”。句意:當討論以務實嚴謹?shù)姆绞竭M行,并且從幻想的高崖下到事實的平地時,這通常是一件好事。空格處所填單詞應與hardfact形成對比,故B項正確。

14.單選題

The(

)ofausefuldictionaryrequiresdedicationoftheauthorstoanunusualdegree.

問題1選項

A.supposition

B.edition

C.compilation

D.construction

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項supposition“假定,推測”;B選項edition“版本”;C選項compilation“編譯,編輯”;D選項construction“建設”。句意:編輯一本有用的詞典需要作者達到不同尋常程度的獻身精神。選項C符合句意。

15.單選題

Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.Later,inthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturies,theinfirmaryseparatedfromthealmshouseandbecameanindependentinstitutionsupportedbylocaltaxmoney.Atthesametime,privatecharityhospitalsbegantodevelop.Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick,sincetherewaslittlethatmedicinecouldactuallydotocureillness,andthemiddleclasswastreatedathomebyprivatephysicians.

Lateinthenineteenthcentury,theprivatecharityhospitalbegantryingtoattractmiddle-classpatients.Althoughthedepressionof1890stimulatedthegrowthofcharitableinstitutionsandanexpandingurbanpopulationbecamedependentonassistance,therewasadeclineinprivatecontributionstotheseorganizationswhichforcedthemtolooktolocalgovernmentforfinancialsupport.Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.

Theadventofprivatehospitalhealthinsurance,whichprovidedmiddle-classpatientswiththepurchasingpowertopayforprivatehospitalservices,guaranteedtheprivatehospitalaregularsourceofincome.Privatehospitalsrestrictedthemselvestorevenue-generatingpatients,leavingthepublichospitalstocareforfilepoor.Althoughpublichospitalscontinuedtoprovideservicesforpatientswithcommunicablediseasesand-outpatientandemergencyservices,theBlueCrossplansdevelopedaroundtheneedsoftheprivatehospitalsandtheinpatientstheyserved.Thus,reimbursementforambulatorycarehasbeenminimalundermostBlueCrossplans,andprovisionofoutpatientcarehasnotbeenamajorfunctionoftheprivatehospital,inpartbecauseprivatepatientscanaffordtopayfortheservicesofprivatephysicians.Additionally,sinceWorldWarII,therehasbeenatremendousinfluxoffederalmoneyintoprivatemedicalschoolsandthehospitalsassociatedwiththem.Further,largeprivatemedicalcenterswithexpensiveresearchequipmentandprogramshaveattractedthebestadministrators,physicians,andresearchers.Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”

56.Accordingtothepassage,theveryfirstprivatehospitals______.

57.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorbelievesthedifferencesthatcurrentlyexistbetweenpublicandprivatehospitalsareprimarilytheresultof______.

58.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortointroduceinthenextparagraph?

59.Theauthor’sprimaryconcernisto______.

60.Theauthor’sattitudetowardpublichospitalscanbestbedescribedas______.

問題1選項

A.developedfromalmshouseinfirmaries

B.wereestablishedmainlytoservicethepoor

C.weresupportedbygovernmentrevenues

D.providedbettercarethanpublicinfirmaries

問題2選項

A.politicalconsiderations

B.legislativerequirements

C.economicfactors

D.ethicalconcerns

問題3選項

A.Aplantoimprovethequalityofpublichospitals.

B.Ananalysisoftheprofitstructureofhealthinsurancecompanies.

C.Aproposaltoraisetaxesonthemiddleclass.

D.Adiscussionofrecentdevelopmentsinmedicaltechnology.

問題4選項

A.describethefinancialstructureofthehealthcareindustry

B.demonstratetheimportanceofgovernmentsupportforhealth-careinstitutions

C.criticizewealthyinstitutionsforrefusingtoprovideservicestothepoor

D.identifythehistoricalcausesofthedivisionbetweenprivateandpublichospitals

問題5選項

A.contemptuousandprejudiced

B.enthusiasticandsupportive

C.apprehensiveanddistrustful

D.concernedandunderstanding

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:D

【解析】56.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章,最早的私立醫(yī)院……”。文章第一段說到Publicgeneralhospitalsoriginatedinthealmshouseinfirmariesestablishedasearlyascolonialtimesbylocalgovernmentstocareforthepoor.(公立綜合醫(yī)院起源于殖民地時期地方政府為照顧窮人而建立的救濟院醫(yī)務室),由此可知由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展來的是公立醫(yī)院,而不是私人醫(yī)院,所以A項“由救濟院醫(yī)務室發(fā)展而來”錯誤;根據(jù)第一段最后一句Bothprivateandpublichospitalsprovidedmainlyfoodandshelterfortheimpoverishedsick(私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院主要為貧困病人提供食物和住所)可知,最開始公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人提供服務的,因此B項“主要是為窮人服務而建立的”符合題意;C項“由政府收入支持”文中未提及;D項“提供比公立醫(yī)院更好的護理”,最初的公立醫(yī)院和私立醫(yī)院都是為窮人服務,沒有好壞之分,因此D項錯誤。故該題選B。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“可以推斷,作者認為目前公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院之間存在的差異,主要是由于……”。根據(jù)文章第二段Sinceprivateinstitutionshadalsolostbenefactors;theybegantochargepatients.Inordertoattractmiddle-classpatients,privateinstitutionsprovidedservicesandamenitiesthatdistinguishedbetweenpayingandnon-payingpatientsandmadethehospitaladesirableplaceforprivatephysicianstotreattheirownpatients.Aspayingpatientsbecamemorenecessarytothesurvivaloftheprivatehospital,thepublichospitalsslowlybecametheonlyplaceforthepoortogettreatment.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,citieswerereimbursingprivatehospitalsfortheircareofindigentpatientsandthepublichospitalsremaineddependentonthetaxdollars.(因為私人機構也失去了捐助者;他們開始向病人收費。為了吸引中產(chǎn)階級患者,私人機構提供了區(qū)分付費和非付費患者的服務和設施,使醫(yī)院成為私人醫(yī)生治療自己患者的理想場所。隨著付費病人對私立醫(yī)院的生存變得更加必要,公立醫(yī)院慢慢成為窮人獲得治療的唯一場所。到19世紀末,城市開始償還私立醫(yī)院對貧困病人的護理費用,而公立醫(yī)院仍然依靠納稅人的錢),這一段詳細闡述了私立醫(yī)院是如何從不收費到收費,并且因為資金的慢慢累積而變得更好,而公立醫(yī)院一直都依賴于政府的稅收,很難發(fā)展。所以這是經(jīng)濟因素導致兩者的差異,而不是政治,立法或者倫理原因。故A項“政治上的考慮”,B項“立法要求”和D項“倫理關懷”錯誤,C項“經(jīng)濟因素”符合題意。故該題選C。

58.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“下面哪一項會是作者在下一段中引入的最符合邏輯的主題?”。文章最后兩句話說到Asaresultofthegreaterresourcesavailabletotheprivatemedicalcenters,publichospitalshaveincreasingproblemsattractinghighlyqualifiedresearchandmedicalpersonnel.Withthemainstreamofhealthcarefirmlyestablishedintheprivatemedicalsector,thepublichospitalhasbecomea“dumpingground.”(由于私人醫(yī)療中心擁有更多的資源,公立醫(yī)院在吸引高素質(zhì)的研究人員和醫(yī)務人員方面面臨越來越多的問題。隨著主流醫(yī)療保健在私營醫(yī)療部門的牢固建立,公立醫(yī)院已成為一個“垃圾場”),根據(jù)最后一段講述了公立醫(yī)院因為缺少資金找不高素質(zhì)的醫(yī)療研究人員,導致其變成了一個垃圾場,根據(jù)邏輯推理,在接下來的文章中,作者極可能就此問題進行分析,并給出如何改進這一問題的方案,所以選擇A項“提高公立醫(yī)院質(zhì)量的計劃”;B項“健康保險公司利潤結構分析”,C項“提高中產(chǎn)階級稅收的提案”和D項“對醫(yī)學技術最近發(fā)展的討論”都與改善公立醫(yī)院無關。故該題選A。

59.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“作者主要關心的是什么”。全文作者一開始就講述了公立醫(yī)院與私立醫(yī)院的歷史發(fā)展與變化和直到今天各自如此不同的各種原因,所以D項“找出私立醫(yī)院和公立醫(yī)院分離的歷史原因”更能概括作者的意圖。A項“描述醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)的財務結構”,過于片面,這只是說了私立醫(yī)院與公立醫(yī)院不同的一個方面,不夠全面,故不選;B項“證明政府支持保健機構的重要性”,文中作者也沒有說過政府支持對醫(yī)院的重要性,所以B項錯誤;C項“批評富裕的機構拒絕為窮人提供服務”,作者整個態(tài)度是中立的,并沒有批評哪一方面的意思,所以C項不選。故該題選D。

60.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】作者態(tài)度題。題干意思是“作者對公立醫(yī)院的態(tài)度最好的描述是什么”。作者在全文中對于公立醫(yī)院的來源于發(fā)展都是保持一種客觀描述的態(tài)度,對公立醫(yī)院今時今日的處境也表示理解與關心。所以選D項“關心和理解”更符合題意。文中作者并沒有表示任何輕蔑或是十分熱衷,所以A項“輕蔑和偏見”和B項“熱情和支持”均不選;C項“不安和不信任”,文中針對公立醫(yī)院的服務質(zhì)量作者沒有多做描述,不存在不信任或懷疑;因此該項也不選。故該題選D。

16.單選題

Agreatmanypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayforthe(

)ofbecomingwhitecollarworkers.

問題1選項

A.privilege

B.advantage

C.profit

D.preference

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。privilege“特權”;advantage“優(yōu)勢”;profit“利潤,利益”;preference“偏愛,傾向”。句意:很多人愿意為白領階層的優(yōu)越性而放棄更高的工資。選項A符合題意。

17.單選題

Afterhavingdiscussedthematterwiththebankmanger,Peter()receivedhisIoan.

問題1選項

A.instantly

B.instinctively

C.causally

D.inexpertly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:在與銀行經(jīng)理討論這件事后,Peter即刻就得到了貸款。

考查副詞辨析。instantly立刻,立即,馬上;instinctively本能地;causally隨便地,偶然地,臨吋地;inexpertly外行地,不熟練地。因此A符合句意。

18.寫作題

Writeanessayinnolessthan200wordswiththetitle“TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection”.

【答案】TheRiseofIntellectualPropertyProtection19.單選題

ThetrainwaswhirlingonwardwithsuchdignityofmotionthataglancefromthewindowseemedsimplytoprovethatplainsofTexaswerepouringeastward.(1)

.

AnewlymarriedpairhadboardedthiscoachatSanAntonio.Theman'sfacewasreddenedfrommanydaysinthewindandsun,andadirectresultofhisnewblackclotheswasthathisbrick-coloredhandswereconstantlyperforminginamostconsciousfashion.Fromtimetotimehelookeddownrespectfullyathisattire.Hesatwithahandoneachknee,likeamanwaitinginabarber'sshop.(2)

.

Thebridewasnotpretty,norwassheveryyoung.Sheworeadressofbluecashmere,withsmallreservationsofvelvethereandthere,andwithsteelbuttonsabounding.Shecontinuallytwistedherheadtoregardherpuffsleeves,verystiff,andhigh.Theyembarrassedher.Itwasquiteapparentthatshehadcooked,andthatsheexpectedtocook,dutifully.Theblushescausedbythecarelessscrutinyofsomepassengersasshehadenteredthecarwerestrangetoseeuponthisplain,under-classcountenance,whichwasdrawninplacid,almostemotionlesslines.

Theywereevidentlyveryhappy."Everbeeninaparlor-carbefore?"heasked,smilingwithdelight.

"No,"sheanswered;"Ineverwas.It'sfine,ain'tit?"

"Great!Andthenafterawhilewe'llgoforwardtothedinner,andgetabiglay-out.Freshmealintheworld.Chargeadollar."

"Oh,dothey?"criedthebride."Chargeadollar?Why,that'stoomuch—forus—ain'tit,Jack?"

"Northistrip,anyhow,"heansweredbravely."We'regoingtogothewholething."

Laterheexplainedtoheraboutthetrains."Yousee,it'sathousandmilesfromoneendofTexastotheother;andthisrunsrightacrossit,andneverstopsbutfourtimes.”Hehadtheprideofanowner.Hepointedouttoherthedazzlingfittingsofthecoach;andintruthhereyesopenedwiderandshecontemplatedthesea-greenfiguredvelvet,theshiningbrass,silver,andglass,thewoodthatgleamedasdarklybrilliantasthesurfaceofapoolofoil.Atoneendabronzefiguresturdilyheldasupportforaseparatedchamber,andatconvenientplacesontheceilingwerefrescosinoliveandsilver.

Tothemindsofthepair,theirsurroundingsreflectedthegloryoftheirmarriagethatmorninginSanAntonio;thiswastheenvironmentoftheirnewestate;andtheman'sfaceinparticularbeamedwithanelationthatmadehimappearridiculoustotheNegroporter.Thisindividualattimessurveyedthemfromafarwithanamusedandsuperiorgrin.Onotheroccasionshebulliedthemwithskillinwaysthatdidnotmakeitexactlyplaintothemthattheywerebeingbullied.Hesubtlyusedallthemannersofthemostunconquerablekindofsnobbery.Heoppressedthem.Butofthisoppressiontheyhadsmallknowledge,andtheyspeedilyforgotthatinfrequentlyanumberoftravelerscoveredthemwithstaresofderisiveenjoyment.(3)

.

"WearedueinYellowSkyat3:42,"hesaid,lookingtenderlyintohereyes.

"Oh,arewe?"shesaid,asifshehadnotbeenawareofit.Toevincesurpriseatherhusband'sstatementwaspartofherwifelyamiability.Shetookfromapocketalittlesilverwatch;andasshehelditbeforeher,andstaredatitwithafrownofattention,thenewhusband'sfaceshone.

"IboughtitinSanAnton'fromafriendofmine,"hetoldhergleefully.

"It'sseventeenminutespasttwelve,"shesaid,lookingupathimwithakindofshyandclumsycoquetry.(4)

.

Atlasttheywenttothedining-car.TworowsofNegrowaiters,inglowingwhitesuits,surveyedtheirentrancewiththeinterest,andalsotheequanimity,ofmenwhohadbeenforewarned.Thepairfelltothelotofawaiterwhohappenedtofeelpleasureinsteeringthemthroughtheirmeal.Heviewedthemwiththemannerofafatherlypilot,hiscountenanceradiantwithbenevolence.

(5)

.

Andyet,astheyreturnedtotheircoach,theyshowedintheirfacesasenseofescape.

問題1選項

A.Theglanceshedevotedtootherpassengerswerefurtiveandshy.

B.Apassenger,notingthisplay,grewexcessivelysardonic,andwinkedathimselfinoneofthenumerousmirrors.

C.Presentlyitwasapparentthat,asthedistancefromYellowSkygrewshorter,thehusbandbecamecommensuratelyrestless.

D.Totheleft,milesdownalongpurpleslope,wasali

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