考研考博-英語(yǔ)-合肥信息技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解3

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-合肥信息技術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

The（

）ofelectricalenergyintothermalenergyisaprocessthatiseasilycarriedoutat100%efficiency.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conversion

B.convention

C.conversation

D.version

【答案】A

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)conversion“轉(zhuǎn)化，變換”；B選項(xiàng)convention“約定，習(xí)俗”；C選項(xiàng)conversation“交談，會(huì)話”；D選項(xiàng)version“版本”。

句意：把電能轉(zhuǎn)換成熱能是一個(gè)很容易以100%的效率進(jìn)行的過(guò)程。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

2.單選題

Thereisariskthat（）chemicalsmightbeblastedintotheatmosphere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.destructive

B.toxic

C.evil

D.vicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)destructive“破壞性的、毀滅性的”，B項(xiàng)toxic“有毒的”，C項(xiàng)evil“邪惡的”，D項(xiàng)vicious“惡毒的”；句意：毀滅性的化學(xué)物質(zhì)有在空中爆炸的危險(xiǎn)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

They（）thehallwithpictures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adorned

B.ornamented

C.supplied

D.trimmed

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。adorn“裝飾”，一般指為了“美觀”而裝飾；ornament“裝飾，修飾”，多指比較“浮夸”的裝飾品，通常在描述很大的豪宅時(shí)用ornament比較多；supply“提供，供應(yīng)”；trim“修剪，切除”。句中指的是用畫來(lái)裝飾大廳，所以選項(xiàng)A更恰當(dāng)。

4.單選題

Withallitsadvantages,thecomputerisbynomeanswithoutits（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.boundaries

B.restraints

C.confinements

D.limitations

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)boundaries“邊界，界限”；B選項(xiàng)restraints“限制，禁止”；C選項(xiàng)confinements“監(jiān)禁”；D選項(xiàng)limitations“局限性，（限制）因素”。句意：盡管計(jì)算機(jī)有許多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但它決不是沒(méi)有（）。通過(guò)題干可以看出這里表達(dá)的意思是“計(jì)算機(jī)雖然優(yōu)點(diǎn)很多，但是也會(huì)有局限性”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

MikeDevine,chieffinancialofficerofNewYork-headquarteredCoach,whichmakesluxuryhandbags,saidataconferencerecentlyamovewasinthepipeline.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthejobs

B.intheworks

C.inthejob

D.inthework

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A、C、D選項(xiàng)均表示“在工作中”；B選項(xiàng)intheworks“正在準(zhǔn)備階段；在進(jìn)行中或準(zhǔn)備中”。句意：總部位于紐約的奢侈品手袋制造商Coach的首席財(cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)邁克?迪瓦恩（MikeDevine）最近在一次會(huì)議上表示，正在醞釀一項(xiàng)舉措。inthepipeline“在運(yùn)輸中；在進(jìn)行中；在準(zhǔn)備中”。B選項(xiàng)與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Modeminternationaljointventuresaremoredynamicanddifferentfrom（1）subsidiariesandsimilarorganizationalformsinthepast,sotraditionalcontrolsystemsmaynotbeapplicable.Newformsofinternationalmanagementhavenotbeenstudiedverymuchintheirownright-forexample,

（2）

ontheuseofaccountingandotherinformationtoevaluateperformance.

OrganizationaldesignshouldincludecontrolmechanismswhenanIJVisplanned.TheMacquarieGroup,forexample,boaststhatthekeytoitssuccessisauniquemanagementstylethatprovidesindividualbusinesseswithabalancebetween

（3）

freedom,controlsonrisklimitsandobservanceofprofessionalstandards.Thegroup’sargumentisthatthispolicyencouragesasenseofownershipandentrepreneurshipandhasproduced

（4）

majorfinancialinnovations.

Competentinternationalmanagersconsideralsothevaryinglevelsofcontrolbydifferentpartiestojointventures.Theyareusuallyeasiertomanageeitherifoneparentplaysadominantroleindailyoperationsorifthelocalgeneralmanagerhasconsiderablemanagementcontrol(

5）

bothparentsoutofmostofthedailyoperations).

Inanycase,themoreissues

（6）

beforeamerger,theless

（7）

tobreakup.Controloverstabilityandsuccessisbuiltlargelyintoinitialagreements.Contractsspecifyresponsibilitiesandrights.Whereownershipisunequal,controlandstaffingchoices

（8）

..ownershipshare.Inparticular,choicesofgeneralmanagersinfluencerelativeallocationofcontrolbecausetheyareresponsibleforrunningtheventureandforcoordinatingrelationships.Whereownershipisdividedamongseveralpartners,theparentstendto

（9）

dailyoperationstothelocalventuremanagersbecausethisavoidsmanypotentialdisputes.Inaddition,increasedautonomyoftheventuretendstoreducemanycommonhumanresourceproblemssuchasstaffingfriction,

（10）communicationandclashingorganizationalcultures,resultingfromconflictinggoalsandworkingpractices.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adjacent

B.host

C.fullyowned

D.partlyshared

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.littleresearchhasbeenundertaken

B.alittleresearchhasbeenundertaken

C.muchresearchhasbeendone

D.theyhaveundertakentheresearch

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.operation

B.operated

C.operative

D.operating

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.streamsof

B.astreamof

C.alot

D.lots

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.making

B.avoiding

C.turning

D.keeping

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.whichhavebeenraised

B.putup

C.thathavebeensettled

D.discussed

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.possibilitythereis

B.likelyitis

C.impossibleitis

D.possible

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.willbeproportionateto

B.willbeproportionate

C.willproportionate

D.willbeproportional

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.employ

B.empower

C.divide

D.delegate

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.blocked

B.blocking

C.coded

D.coding

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:B

第9題:B

第10題:A

【解析】（1）考查邏輯關(guān)系。adjacent意為“鄰近的，毗鄰的”；host意為“主辦，主持，東道主”；fullyowned意為“完成擁有”；partlyshared意為“部分共享”；由空格后的subsidiaries（子公司）可知選C最符合邏輯，fullyownedsubsidiaries意為“全資子公司，完全控制子公司”。

（2）考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的havenotbeenstudiedverymuch可知句子為否定意義，故所舉的例子也應(yīng)含否定意義，little作形容詞時(shí)，意為“幾乎沒(méi)有”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)否定詞。alitter意為“有一點(diǎn)，有一些”，表示肯定的意思。因此選A。

（3）考查分詞。operate意為“運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，操作”，現(xiàn)在分詞修飾某個(gè)名詞，表示某人/某物本身具有這個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的特征，此處意為“這種風(fēng)格為個(gè)體工商戶提供運(yùn)營(yíng)自由，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)限制控制和遵守專業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之間的平衡”。

（4）考查固定搭配。astreamof為固定搭配，意為“一連串，大量的的”；a?lot是副詞性短語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞；lots不單獨(dú)適用，后面一般接of。此句意為：這組的論點(diǎn)是，這一政策鼓勵(lì)了主人翁意識(shí)和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神，并產(chǎn)生了大量的重要金融創(chuàng)新。

（5）考查詞義辨析。makeoutof意為“用……制造出”；turnoutof意為“把……逐出”；keepoutof意為“（使）不入……內(nèi)，（使）置身于……之外”。此處表示“將母公司置身于大部分日常事務(wù)之外”，因此選C

（6）考查邏輯關(guān)系。themore...theless意為“越……越……”，由前后邏輯關(guān)系可知，在合并前……問(wèn)題越多，之后出現(xiàn)分裂的……就越少，C選項(xiàng)最符合邏輯，解決問(wèn)題越多，就越……

（7）考查邏輯關(guān)系。themore...theless意為“越……越……”，由前后邏輯關(guān)系可知，在合并前……問(wèn)題越多，之后出現(xiàn)分裂的……就越少，B選項(xiàng)最合邏輯，分裂的可能性就越少。此句意為：無(wú)論如何，和平前解決的問(wèn)題越多，以后就越少可能出現(xiàn)分裂。

（8）考查詞義辨析。beproportionateto意為“相稱，相當(dāng)”；beproportionate意為“成比例”；proportionate意為“成比例的”；proportional意為“比例的”。此處表示“在所有權(quán)不平等的情況下，管理和員工配置使所有權(quán)份額……”，因此選B。

（9）考查動(dòng)詞辨析。employ意為“雇傭”；empower意為“授權(quán)”；divide意為“分開(kāi)”；delegate意為“委托，選派”，委派的代表(通常是參見(jiàn)談判、會(huì)談、協(xié)商、交流的)。此處表示“雙方將授權(quán)當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)管理者日常操作權(quán)”，因此選B。

（10）考查固定搭配。blockedcommunication意為“溝通阻礙”。

7.單選題

Theearthrevolvesalittlemorerapidly（）itisclosertothesun.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.or

C.than

D.wherever

【答案】A

【解析】考查連詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)when“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”；B選項(xiàng)or“或者”；C選項(xiàng)than“比”；D選項(xiàng)wherever“無(wú)論在哪里”。句意：當(dāng)?shù)厍螂x太陽(yáng)較近時(shí)，它的公轉(zhuǎn)速度稍快一些。故A項(xiàng)符合句意。

8.單選題

Freudderivedpsychoanalyticknowledgeofchildhoodindirectly;he（）childhoodprocessesfromadultmemory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reconstructed

B.incorporated

C.obstructed

D.fostered

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。reconstruct“重現(xiàn)，改造”；incorporate“包含，吸收”；obstruct“阻塞，妨礙”；foster“培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育”。句意：弗洛伊德間接性地推斷出了兒童精神分析知識(shí)，從成年人的記憶中修復(fù)了兒時(shí)的記憶。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Manyanimalshave（）thathelpthemescapefromtheirenemies.Thecoatsofsomeanimalsarecoloredtoadapttoitssurroundings.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adaptations

B.acquisitions

C.adjustments

D.additions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。adaptation“適應(yīng)”;acquisition“獲得，收購(gòu)”;adjustment“調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)”；addition“添加，增加”。that后面是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾空格處的名詞，“幫助它們逃脫敵人”，由此可知選項(xiàng)A符合題意。句意：很多動(dòng)物具有適應(yīng)性，能夠幫助它們逃脫敵人。有些動(dòng)物的皮毛能夠適應(yīng)周邊環(huán)境而變色。

10.單選題

Thatkindofbirdhasbecomemore____aroundherelately;weshouldprotectthemfrombeingshot.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.various

B.numerable

C.multiple

D.numerous

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.various各種各樣的B.numerable可數(shù)的

C.multiple數(shù)量多的D.numerous許多的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析

【解題思路】空格所在部分語(yǔ)義為“這種鳥最近在這里變得更加____（more____）了”，空格處所填詞在該句中做表語(yǔ)；根據(jù)后文“我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)它們不受槍擊”推測(cè)，這種鳥在這里可能會(huì)被獵殺，一般鳥多的地方會(huì)出現(xiàn)偷獵行為，因此數(shù)量變多了符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接，D選項(xiàng)numerous“許多的”符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)various“各種各樣的”不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接；

B選項(xiàng)numerable“可數(shù)的”，是numerous的形近詞，但不符合原句語(yǔ)義銜接；

C選項(xiàng)multiple“數(shù)量多的”，只能用于名詞前，做定語(yǔ)，但原句中空格后沒(méi)有名詞；

【句意】最近這種鳥在這里越來(lái)越多了；我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)它們不受槍擊。

11.單選題

Canelectricitycausecancer?Inasocietythatliterallyrunsonelectricpower,theveryideaseemspreposterous.Butformorethanadecade,agrowingbandofscientistsandjournalistshaspointedtostudiesthatseemtolinkexposuretoelectromagneticfieldswithincreasedriskofleukemiaandothermalignancies.Theimplicationsareunsettling,tosaytheleast,sinceeveryonecomesintocontactwithsuchfields,whicharegeneratedbyeverythingelectrical,frompowerlinesandantennastopersonalcomputersandmicro-waveovens.Becauseevidenceonthesubjectisinconclusiveandoftencontradictory,ithasbeenhardtodecidewhetherconcernaboutthehealtheffectsofelectricityislegitimate—ortheworstkindofparanoia.

NowthealarmistshavegainedsomequalifiedsupportfromtheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Intheexecutivesummaryofanewscientificreview,releasedindraftformlatelastweek,theEPAhasputforwardwhatamountstothemostseriousgovernmentwarningtodate.Theagencytentativelyconcludesthatscientificevidence“suggestsacasuallink”betweenextremelylow-frequencyelectromagneticfields—thosehavingverylongwave-lengths—andleukemia,lymphomaandbraincancer.WhilethereportfallsshortofclassifyingELEfieldsasprobablecarcinogens,itdoesidentifythecommon60-hertzmagneticfieldas“apossible,butnotproven,causeofcancerinhumans.”

Thereportisnoreasontopanic—oreventolosesleep.Ifthereisacancerrisk,itisasmallone.TheevidenceisstillsocontroversialthatthedraftstirredagreatdealofdebatewithintheBushAdministration,andtheEPAreleaseditoverstrongobjectionsfromthePentagonandtheWhiteHouse.Butnownoonecandenythattheissuemustbetakenseriouslyandthatmuchmoreresearchisneeded.

Attheheartofthedebateisasimpleandwell-understoodphysicalphenomenon.Whenanelectriccurrentpassesthroughawire,itgeneratesanelectromagneticfieldthatexertsforcesonsurroundingobjects,Formanyyears,scientistsdismissedanysuggestionthatsuchforcesmightbeharmful,primarilybecausetheyaresoextraordinarilyweak.TheELFmagneticfieldgeneratedbyavideoterminalmeasuresonlyafewmilligauss,oraboutone-hundredththestrengthoftheearth’sownmagneticfield.Theelectricfieldssurroundingapowerlinecanbeashighas10kilovoltspermeter,butthecorrespondingfieldinducedinhumancellswillbeonlyabout1millivoltpermeter.Thisisfarlessthantheelectricfieldsthatthecellsthemselvesgenerate.

Howcouldsuchminusculeforcesposeahealthdanger?Theconsensususedtobethattheycouldnot,andfordecadesscientistsconcentratedonmorepowerfulkindsofradiation,likeX-rays,thatpacksufficientwalloptoknockelectronsoutofthemoleculesthatmakeupthehumanbody.Such"ionizing"radiationshavebeenclearlylinkedtoincreasedcancerrisksandthereareregulationstocontrolemissions.

Butepidemiologicalstudies,whichfindstatisticalassociationsbetweensetsofdata,donotprovecauseandeffect.ThoughthereisabodyoflaboratoryworkshowingthatexposuretoELFfieldscanhavebiologicaleffectsonanimaltissues,amechanismbywhichthoseeffectscouldleadtocancerousgrowthshasneverbeenfound.

ThePentagonisforfrompersuaded.Inablistering33critiqueoftheEPAreport,AirForcescientistschargeitsauthorswithhaving"biasedtheentiredocument"towardprovingalink,“Ourreviewersareconvincedthatthereisnosuggestionthat(electromagneticfields)presentintheenvironmentinduceorpromotecancer,”theAirForceconcludes.“ItisastonishingthattheEPAwouldlenditsimprimaturonthisreport.”ThenPentagon’sconcernisunderstandable.Thereishardlyaunitofthemodernmilitarythatdoesnotdependontheheavyuseofsomekindofelectronicequipment,fromhugeground-basedradartowerstothedefensesystemsbuiltintoeverywarshipandplane.

1.Themainideaofthispassageis（）.

2.Theview-pointoftheEPAis（）.

3.WhydidthePentagonandWhiteHouseobjecttothereleaseofthereport?

Because（

）

4.Itcanbeinferredfromphysicalphenomenon（）.

5.Whatdoyouthinkordinarycitizensmaydoafterreadingthedifferentarguments?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.studiesonthecauseofcancer

B.controversialview-pointsinthecauseofcancer

C.therelationshipbetweenelectricityandcancer

D.differentideasabouttheeffectofelectricityoncancer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.thereiscasuallinkbetweenelectricityandcancer

B.electricityreallyaffectscancer

C.controversial

D.lowfrequencyelectromagneticfieldisapossiblecauseofcancer

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.itmaystiragreatdealofdebateamongtheBushAdministration.

B.everyunitofthemodernmilitaryhasdependedontheheavyuseofsomekindofelectronicequipment.

C.thePentagon’sconcernwasunderstandable.

D.theyhaddifferentarguments.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.theforceoftheelectromagneticfieldistooweaktobeharmful.

B.theforceoftheelectromagneticfieldisweakerthantheelectricfieldthatthecellsgenerate.

C.electromagneticfieldmayaffecthealth.

D.onlymorepowerfulradiationcanknockelectronoutofhumanbody.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareindifferent.

B.Theyareworriedverymuch.

C.Theymayexerciseprudentavoidance.

D.Theyareshocked.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨題。文章開(kāi)篇就提出了電磁場(chǎng)是否會(huì)致癌這個(gè)問(wèn)題，并提出有研究結(jié)果表明電磁場(chǎng)會(huì)增加患癌的危險(xiǎn)性。第二段公布了EPA環(huán)保署的報(bào)告，認(rèn)為電磁場(chǎng)與癌癥之間存在偶然聯(lián)系。第三段說(shuō)明電磁場(chǎng)和癌癥之間的關(guān)系問(wèn)題仍然廣受爭(zhēng)議，需要進(jìn)一步的研究和證明。下文提出五角大樓和白宮反對(duì)電磁場(chǎng)致癌的說(shuō)法，因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)軍事單位都依賴于電氣設(shè)備的使用?？v觀全文可知文章的主題主要是關(guān)于電磁場(chǎng)對(duì)癌癥的影響的不同觀點(diǎn)的討論。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Theagencytentativelyconcludesthatscientificevidence‘suggestsacasuallink’betweenextremelylow-frequencyelectromagneticfields—thosehavingverylongwave-lengths—andleukemia,lymphomaandbraincancer.”，可知EPA初步得出結(jié)論，科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，低頻電磁場(chǎng)(波長(zhǎng)非常長(zhǎng)的電磁場(chǎng))與白血病、淋巴瘤和腦癌之間存在偶然的聯(lián)系。可判斷出EPA認(rèn)為電磁場(chǎng)和癌癥之間有偶然的聯(lián)系。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一句，“Thereishardlyaunitofthemodernmilitarythatdoesnotdependontheheavyuseofsomekindofelectronicequipment,fromhugeground-basedradartowerstothedefensesystemsbuiltintoeverywarshipandplane.”，可知從巨大的陸基雷達(dá)到戰(zhàn)艦和每架飛機(jī)內(nèi)置的防御系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)代軍隊(duì)幾乎每個(gè)單位都會(huì)用到電子設(shè)備，由此可知他們相信電磁場(chǎng)不會(huì)誘發(fā)癌癥?？膳袛喑鑫褰谴髽呛桶讓m反對(duì)公布這份報(bào)告的原因在于現(xiàn)代軍隊(duì)的每一個(gè)單位都依賴于某種電子設(shè)備的大量使用。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.推斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Whenanelectriccurrentpassesthroughawire,itgeneratesanelectromagneticfieldthatexertsforcesonsurroundingobjects,Formanyyears,scientistsdismissedanysuggestionthatsuchforcesmightbeharmful,primarilybecausetheyaresoextraordinarilyweak.”，可知當(dāng)電流通過(guò)導(dǎo)線時(shí)，它會(huì)產(chǎn)生一個(gè)電磁場(chǎng)，對(duì)周圍的物體施加壓力。多年來(lái)，科學(xué)家們一直否認(rèn)這種力可能是有害的，主要是因?yàn)樗鼈兎浅Ｎ⑷?。可判斷出從這個(gè)物理現(xiàn)象可知因?yàn)殡姶艌?chǎng)太弱了，所以沒(méi)有害處。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Thereportisnoreasontopanic—oreventolosesleep…Butnownoonecandenythattheissuemustbetakenseriouslyandthatmuchmoreresearchisneeded.”，可知這個(gè)爭(zhēng)論是會(huì)讓人恐慌，但是現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有人能否認(rèn)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題必須認(rèn)真對(duì)待，需要更多的研究。可判斷出人們還是會(huì)保持警惕的態(tài)度，會(huì)有意小心地避開(kāi)電磁場(chǎng)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.翻譯題

Whileattractivenessisapositivefactorforamanonhiswayuptheexecutiveladder,itisharmfultowoman.Handsomemaleexecutiveswereperceivedashavingmoreintegritythanplainermen;effortandabilitywerethoughttoaccountfortheirsuccess.Attractivefemaleexecutiveswereconsideredtohavelessintegritythanunattractiveones;theirsuccesswasattributednottoabilitybuttofactorssuchasluck.

Allunattractivewomenexecutiveswerethoughttohavemoreintegrityandtobemorecapablethantheattractivefemaleexecutives.Interestingly,though,theriseoftheunattractiveovernightsuccesseswasattributedmoretopersonalrelationshipsandlesstoabilitythanwasthatofattractiveovernightsuccesses.

【答案】雖然魅力對(duì)于男性晉升是一個(gè)積極因素，但對(duì)女性卻是不利因素。人們認(rèn)為英俊的男性高管要比相貌平平的男性更正直;而且認(rèn)為他們付出的努力和自身的能力使得他們成功。有魅力的女性高管卻被認(rèn)為沒(méi)有無(wú)吸引力的高管正直，她們?nèi)〉贸晒Σ皇菤w因于能力，而是運(yùn)氣等因素。

所有無(wú)魅力的女高管要比有魅力的要正直，也更有能力。有趣的是，盡管如此，與有吸引力的女高管一夜取得成功相比，越來(lái)越多的無(wú)吸引力的女高管更多地因人際關(guān)系，較少因能力而獲得成功。

13.單選題

Thereismuchdiscussiontodayabouttheneedforthegovernmentto______thetheater.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.substitute

B.subsidize

C.subscribe

D.subordinate

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.substitute代替；取代B.subsidize資助；補(bǔ)助

C.subscribe申請(qǐng)；預(yù)訂D.subordinate使從屬于

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞government和theater，結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)可知，政府對(duì)于劇院應(yīng)該是資助，故該題選擇B項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】今天有很多關(guān)于政府資助劇院的必要性的討論。

14.單選題

Thepatternsofspokenlanguageare（）fromthoseofwriting.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distinct

B.distinctive

C.distinguished

D.distinguishing

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)distinct“獨(dú)特的，有區(qū)別的”，bedistinctfrom=bedifferentfrom，表示“與……不同”；B選項(xiàng)distinctive“有特色的，與眾不同的”；C選項(xiàng)distinguished“卓越的，著名的”；D選項(xiàng)distinguishing“有區(qū)別的”，英語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有bedistinguishingfrom這樣搭配。句意：口語(yǔ)的模式不同于書面語(yǔ)的模式。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合句意。

15.單選題

Itisacommonthemeofmanysciencefictionstoriesthattheworldmayonedaybe（

）bybeingsfromtheouterspace.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.runover

B.filledin

C.takenover

D.brokenin

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。runover“輾過(guò)；溢出”；fillin“填寫；填充；替代”；takeover“接管；接收”；brokein“打斷；闖入”。句意：科幻小說(shuō)共有的一個(gè)主題是總有一天世界可能被外星人接管。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

ShouldIreceiveanymessageswhileIaminthemeeting,kindlyholdthemformetillaftertheoilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Should

B.whileIaminthemeeting

C.kindlyholdthemfor

D.oilcompanyrepresentativeshaveleft

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】D

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。名詞所有格漏用。應(yīng)改為oilcompany’srepresentativeshaveleft.

17.單選題

Iwon’thaveawhisky,thankyou.It’snotthatIdon’tdrink,______thatIdon’tdrinkanddrive.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.butrather

B.butalso

C.except

D.otherwise

【答案】C

【解析】考查句子邏輯。前面和后面構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)butrather“而是，相反地”表示對(duì)比；B項(xiàng)butalso“并且”表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；C項(xiàng)except“除了”，exceptthat“只可惜，除了……之外”表示轉(zhuǎn)折；D項(xiàng)otherwise“否則”，一般是作為副詞來(lái)使用，連接并列分句。句意：我不要威士忌，謝謝。不是我不喝，只可惜我不能喝，要開(kāi)車。根據(jù)句意，正確答案為C。

18.單選題

IputmveartotheobjectandlistenedcarefullyasIfirsttappeditlightlywithachopstickandthenstrikeditwithahammer;Iwantedtofindoutifitwashollow,preferablywithoutbreakingit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iputmveartotheobject

B.asIfirsttappeditlightly

C.thenstrikeditwithahammer

D.washollow,preferably

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞誤用。striked改為knocked。后面提到“withoutbreakingit”,這種程度應(yīng)該用Knocked合適。

19.寫作題

Wearepayingmoreattentiontothevulnerable(weak)groupsofpeopleinoursociety,suchasthedisabled,thesickelderly,thedivorcedmothers,andchildrenwithrural-workerparentsinbigcities,andetC.Whatisyourattitudetowardsthem?Pleasegiveyouropinion.Youmayfocusonaparticulargrouporthevulnerableasawholegroup.Writeapassageabout200words.Youmustshowyourclearpointofviewwithsufficientsupportingpoints.Youshouldhaveyourowntitle.

【答案】略

20.問(wèn)答題

Inthesedays,withtherisingcostoflife(A),itis(B)dangerousfor(C)amarriedmantoriskhisplaceinhisprofessionorinhiscommunity(D).

【答案】試題答案：A;costofliving

【解析】考查名詞辨析。life意為“生活，生命”，強(qiáng)調(diào)生活的狀態(tài)；living意為“生活，生計(jì)，謀生”，強(qiáng)調(diào)生計(jì)，costofliving意為“生活成本”。

21.單選題

Beforeitcouldberesolvedthroughanewcentralizationofdynasticpowerunderanewmandate,theintellectualcrisisoftheConfucianbeliefsbroughtonbytheimpactoftheWestunderminedthesocialorderitself,whichwasmademorevulnerablebythe（）ofitspoliticalinstitutions.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.functional

B.malpractice

C.integration

D.disintegration

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞以及形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)functional“功能的”；B選項(xiàng)malpractice“玩忽職守”；C選項(xiàng)integration“集成，綜合”；D選項(xiàng)disintegration“瓦解，崩潰”。題干說(shuō)到，西方?jīng)_擊了孔子思想指示破壞了秩序的本事，可推測(cè)空中應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)表示壞結(jié)果的詞，A，C可排除。B選項(xiàng)在不符合題意，也可排除。句意：在它可以通過(guò)新的王朝權(quán)力集中來(lái)解決之前，西方影響所帶來(lái)的儒家信仰的知識(shí)危機(jī)破壞了社會(huì)秩序本身，它因其政治機(jī)構(gòu)的……而變得更加脆弱。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

22.單選題

Thetwoscientistsworkingindependentlymadethesameinvention（

）whichmadeitdifficultforthegovernmenttodecidewhomthepatentistobegrantedto.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneously

B.simultaneously

C.collaboratively

D.elaborately

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。spontaneously“自發(fā)地，不由自主地”；simultaneously“同時(shí)地”；collaboratively“合作地”；elaborately“精巧地，苦心經(jīng)營(yíng)地”。句意：兩個(gè)獨(dú)立工作的科學(xué)家?guī)缀跬瑫r(shí)發(fā)明了相同的東西，這讓政府部門很難決定將專利權(quán)授予誰(shuí)。由后半句句意可知只有B項(xiàng)符合句意，即只有這兩個(gè)獨(dú)立工作的科學(xué)家同時(shí)發(fā)明了相同的東西時(shí)，政府才會(huì)難以抉擇。答案B

23.單選題

Indeed,almosteveryscientistnowfindsitimpossibletoreadalltheworksrelevanttohissubject,（）extensivelyoutsideofit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.muchmoretoread

B.muchlesstoread

C.stillmorereading

D.muchlessreading

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。因題干中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞find的真正賓語(yǔ)為toread...，所以選項(xiàng)中也應(yīng)有不定式。因此可排除含有動(dòng)名詞reading的C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)。A項(xiàng)中的muchmore意為“更加，何況”，與題干語(yǔ)意相矛盾。B項(xiàng)muchless意為“更不用說(shuō)，更何況”，符合題意。

24.單選題

Onlybypublishingatleastfivearticlesontopjournals（

）havethechancetobepromotedtoprofessors.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.teacherscan

B.canteachers

C.ateachercan

D.canateacher

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句子開(kāi)頭是only引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子時(shí)，空格部分主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故需要將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞提前。句意為：只有頂級(jí)期刊上發(fā)表至少五篇論文，老師們才有機(jī)會(huì)晉升為教授。因此選項(xiàng)B正確。

25.單選題

Inaddition,thesearchforneweconomicmodelsthatprioritizeinclusiveandsustainablegrowth（）new,andmoreactive,rolesforterritoriesinpolicydesignandimplementation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.hascalledon

B.hascalledto

C.iscallingup

D.iscallingfor

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。callon“訪問(wèn)，號(hào)召”；callto“呼喚，打電話給”；callup打電話;召集”；callfor“要求；提倡”。句意：此外，對(duì)新經(jīng)濟(jì)模式的尋求要求政策設(shè)計(jì)及執(zhí)行方面扮演一個(gè)新的、積極的覺(jué)角色，這種經(jīng)濟(jì)模式是優(yōu)先考慮包容性和可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

26.單選題

TheTVprogramisso（）thatIcan’tmovemyeyesawayfromthescreen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.freestanding

B.devastating

C.compelling

D.fascinating

【答案】D

【解析】句意:這個(gè)電視節(jié)目如此吸引人,以至于我眼睛不能從屏幕上移開(kāi)。

考查形容詞辨析。freestanding獨(dú)立式的;devastating毀滅性的;compelling引人注目的,強(qiáng)制的,激發(fā)興趣的;fascinating迷人的,吸引人的,使人祌魂顛倒的。由后半句句意可知D正確。

27.翻譯題

建設(shè)民主法治、公平正義、誠(chéng)信友愛(ài)、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)，要廣泛團(tuán)結(jié)一切可以團(tuán)結(jié)的力量，充分調(diào)動(dòng)一切積極因素，激發(fā)全社會(huì)的創(chuàng)造活力；要妥善處理各方面利益關(guān)系，讓全體人民共享改革和建設(shè)的成果；要正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系，努力為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)持續(xù)發(fā)展創(chuàng)造有利條件和良好環(huán)境。

【答案】答：

Tobuildasocialistsocietythatisdemocraticandlaw-based,fairandjust,trustworthyandfriendly,fullofvigorandvitality,secureandorderly,andinwhichmanandnatureareinharmony,weneedtouniteallforcesthatcanbeunited,bringallpositivefactorsintofullplayandstimulatethecreativityoftheentiresociety.Weneedtoproperlybalancetheinterestsofallquartersandensurethateveryonesharesthefruitsofreformanddevelopment.Wealsoneedtobalancereform,developmentandstabilityandstrivetocreatefavorableconditionsandagoodclimateforsustainedeconomicandsocialdevelopment.

28.單選題

Thesailorrepliedinatoneasangrilyas（）,thathehadlosthislegabroadindefenseofthosewhodidnothingathome.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.they

B.them

C.their

D.theirs

【答案】A

【解析】考查代詞辨析。asangrilyasthey(replied)，其中replied被省略，that從句是replied的賓語(yǔ)，句意：水手用和他們一樣憤怒的聲調(diào)回答說(shuō)，他在國(guó)外失去了一條腿，是為了保護(hù)那些在國(guó)內(nèi)毫無(wú)作為的人。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

29.單選題

Althoughthereareplansto（

）additionalpensions,thiswillnotaffectanyoneretiringbefore1998andwillonlymarginallyaffectthoseretiringby2009.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.breakdown

B.scaledown

C.boildown

D.narrowdown

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。breakdown“故障，分解”；scaledown“縮減”；boildown“歸結(jié)”；narrowdown“縮小范圍”。句意：盡管有計(jì)劃縮減額外退休金數(shù)額。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

30.單選題

Ifshemarrieshim,hewillcertainly（）herforadance.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lead

B.offer

C.give

D.invite

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lead“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；致使；引導(dǎo)；指揮”；B選項(xiàng)offer“提供；出價(jià)；試圖”；C選項(xiàng)give“給；產(chǎn)生；讓步；舉辦；授予”；D選項(xiàng)invite“邀請(qǐng)；招待；誠(chéng)邀；約請(qǐng)”。句意：如果她嫁給他，他當(dāng)然會(huì)邀請(qǐng)她跳支舞。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

31.單選題

Thegovernment’s（）istomakeupchieflyofthemoneywepayintaxes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tariff

B.duty

C.revenue

D.tax

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。tariff“關(guān)稅”；duty“稅收”；revenue“稅收收入”；tax“稅金”。句意：政府的財(cái)政收入主要來(lái)源于我們的稅收。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

32.單選題

Duringtheinterview,themayorexpressedhisheart-feltgratitudethroughthereportersforthetimelyassistanceandsupportthatpeoplefromothercitieshavekindly（

）tohiscitizensafterthecitywasstruckbyseveralearthquakes.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rendered

B.secured

C.sought

D.furnished

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)的render“給予某物作為報(bào)償或用以交換，回報(bào)，歸還”；B選項(xiàng)的secure“將某物固定住，系住，使某物安全，保護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)的seek“尋找，探索”；D選項(xiàng)的furnish“提供，陳設(shè)，布置”。根據(jù)句意‘在采訪中，市長(zhǎng)通過(guò)報(bào)道對(duì)其他城市的人在該市遭受了幾次地震襲擊后給予市民的及時(shí)的友好的援助和支持表示了衷心的感謝’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

33.單選題

Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy.

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?Orshouldtheyhaveexplicitpermission?

InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga’’donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed.Microsoft'sInternetExplorerandApple’sSafaribothofferDNT;Google’sChromeisduetodosothisyear.InFebruarytheFTCandDigitalAdvertisingAlliance(DAA)agreedthattheindustrywouldgetcrackingonrespondingtoDNTrequests.

OnMay31stMicrosoftsetofftherow:ItsaidthatInternetExplorer10,theversionduetoappearwindows8,wouldhaveDNTasadefault.

Itisnotyetclearhowadvertiserswillrespond.GettingaDNTsignaldoesnotobligeanyonetostoptracking,althoughsomecompanieshavepromisedtodoso.UnabletotellwhethersomeonereallyobjectstobehavioraladsorwhethertheyarestickingwithMicrosoft’sdefault,somemayignoreaDNTsignalandpressonanyway.

AlsouncleariswhyMicrosofthasgoneitalone.Afterall,ithasanadbusinesstoo,whichitsayswillcomplywithDNTrequests,thoughitisstillworkingouthow.IfitistryingtoupsetGoogle,whichreliesalmostwhollyondefaultwillbecomethenorm.DNTdoesnotseemanobviouslyhugesellingpointforwindows8—thoughthefirmhascomparedsomeofitsotherproductsfavorablywithGoogle’sonthatcountbefore.BrendonLynch,Microsoft’schiefprivacyofficer,blogged:“webelieveconsumersshouldhavemorecontrol.”Coulditreallybethatsimple?

1.Itissuggestedinparagraph1that“behavioral”adshelpadvertisersto（

）.

2.“Theindustry”(Line5,Para.3)refersto

（

）.

3.TheauthorholdsthatsettingDNTasadefault

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph.6?

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardswhatBrendonLynchsaidinhisblogisoneof（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.easecompetitionamongthemselves

B.lowertheiroperationalcosts

C.avoidcomplaintsfromconsumers

D.providebetteronlineservices

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.onlineadvertisers

B.e-commerceconductors

C.digitalinformationanalysis

D.internetbrowserdevelopers

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.maycutthenumberofjunkads

B.failstoaffecttheadindustry

C.willnotbenefitconsumers

D.goesagainsthumannature

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.DNTmaynotserveitsintendedpurpose.

B.AdvertisersarewillingtoimplementDNT.

C.DNTislosingitspopularityamongconsumers.

D.Advertisersareobligedtoofferbehavioralads.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.indulgence

B.understanding

C.appreciation

D.skepticism

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“behavioral”ads定位至第一段:Anoldsayinghasitthathalfofalladvertisingbudgetsarewasted.Thetroubleis,nooneknowswhichhalf.Intheinternetage,atleastintheory,thisfractioncanbemuchreduced.Bywatchingwhatpeoplesearchfor,clickonandsayonline,companiescanaim“behavioral”adsatthosemostlikelytobuy(俗話說(shuō)得好一半的廣告預(yù)算都被浪費(fèi)了，但問(wèn)題是沒(méi)有人知道是哪一半廣告預(yù)算被浪費(fèi)了。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，至少在理論上可以大幅減少這部分被浪費(fèi)的廣告預(yù)算。通過(guò)觀看人們?cè)诰€搜尋、點(diǎn)擊和說(shuō)什么，公司可以將‘行為’廣告針對(duì)那些最可能購(gòu)買東西的人)。由此可知B項(xiàng)“減少他們的運(yùn)營(yíng)成本”正確。

2.詞義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第三段:InDecember2010America’sFederalTradeCommission(FTC)proposedaddinga“donottrack”(DNT)optiontointernetbrowsers,sothatuserscouldtelladvertisersthattheydidnotwanttobefollowed(2010年12月美國(guó)聯(lián)邦貿(mào)易委員會(huì)向互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器提供者們提議增加一個(gè)‘不要跟蹤’的選項(xiàng)，以便互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使用者可以告訴廣告商他們不想被跟蹤)由此可推知D項(xiàng)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)瀏覽器開(kāi)發(fā)者”正確。

3.推理判斷題。第五段指出:Getting