考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林師范大學(xué)博達(dá)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-吉林師范大學(xué)博達(dá)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買(mǎi)！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

I’msorry（

）solong.IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tokeepyouwait

B.tokeepyouwaiting

C.tokeepyouwaited

D.tohavekeptyouwaiting

【答案】D

【解析】句意我抱歉讓你等了這么久。我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾橥瓿蓵r(shí)態(tài)。由句中關(guān)鍵詞“IforgottotellyouinadvancewhereIhadbeen我忘記提前告訴你我在哪里了”可知“你等了這么久”這個(gè)事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去，故這里應(yīng)該用完成時(shí)態(tài)，由此知D項(xiàng)“tohavekeptyouwaiting”正確。

2.單選題

Dogsaresocialanimalsandwithoutpropertraining,theywillbehavelikewildanimals.Theywillsoilyourhouse,destroyyourbelongings,barkexcessively,fightotherdogsandevenbiteyou.Nearlyallbehaviorproblemsareperfectlynormaldogactivitiesthatoccuratthewrongtimeorplaceoraredirectedatthewrongthing.Thekeytopreventingortreatingbehaviorproblemsislearningtoteachthedogtoredirectitsnormalbehaviortooutletsthatareacceptableinthedomesticsetting.

Oneofthebestthingsyoucandoforyourdogandyourselfistoobediencetrainit.Obediencetrainingdoesn'tsolveallbehaviorproblems,butitisthefoundationforsolvingjustaboutanyproblem.Trainingpensupalineofcommunicationbetweenyouandyourdog.Effectivecommunicationisnecessarytoinstructyourdogaboutwhatyouwantittodo.

Trainingisalsoaneasywaytoestablishthesocialrankorder.Whenyourdogobeysasimplerequestof“comehere,sit,”itisshowingobedienceandrespectforyou.Itisnotnecessarytoestablishyourselfastopdogorleaderofthepack（群）byusingextrememeasure.Youcanteachyourdogitssubordinate（從屬的）rolebyteachingittoshowsubmissiontoyou.Mostdogsloveperformingtricksforyoutopleasantlyacceptthatyouareincharge.

Trainingshouldbefunandrewardingforyouandyourdog.Itcanenrichyourrelationshipandmakelivingtogethermoreenjoyable.Awell-traineddogismoreconfidentandcanmoresafelybeallowedagreateramountoffreedomthananuntrainedanimal.

1.Behaviorproblemsofdogsarebelievedto（）.

2.Theprimarypurposeofobediencetrainingisto（）.

3.Effectivecommunicationbetweenadoganditsowneris（）.

4.Whydopetdogsloveperformingtricksfortheirmasters?

5.Whenadoghasreceivedeffectiveobediencetraining,itsowner（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bejustpartoftheirnature

B.worseninmodernsociety

C.occurwhentheygowild

D.presentathreattothecommunity

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.teachthedogtoperformclevertricks

B.makethedogawareofitsowner'sauthority

C.providethedogwithoutletsforitswildbehavior

D.enablethedogtoregainitsnormalbehavior

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.essentialtosolvingthedog'sbehaviorproblems

B.thefoundationfordogstoperformtasks

C.agoodwaytoteachthedognewtricks

D.anextrememeasureinobediencetraining

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Toavoidbeingpunished

B.Toshowtheiraffectionfortheirmasters

C.Towinleadershipofthedogpack

D.Toshowtheirwillingnesstoobey

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.cangivethedogmorerewards

B.willenjoyabetterfamilylife

C.cangivethedogmorefreedom

D.willhavemoreconfidenceinhimself

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Dogsaresocialanimalsandwithoutpropertraining,theywillbehavelikewildanimals.狗是群居動(dòng)物，如果沒(méi)有適當(dāng)?shù)挠?xùn)練，它們會(huì)表現(xiàn)得像野生動(dòng)物一樣?！笨芍返男袨閱?wèn)題是由其本性決定的。故A項(xiàng)正確。

2.推理判斷題。由第一段和第二段“Thekeytopreventingortreatingbehaviorproblemsislearningtoteachthedogtoredirectitsnormalbehaviortooutletsthatareacceptableinthedomesticsetting.Obediencetrainingdoesn'tsolveallbehaviorproblems,butitisthefoundationforsolvingjustaboutanyproblem.防止或治療行為問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)會(huì)教狗把它的正常行為改成在家庭環(huán)境中可以接受的發(fā)泄。服從訓(xùn)練并不能解決所有的行為問(wèn)題，但它是解決任何問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)。可知服從訓(xùn)練的主要目的是為狗的野蠻行為提供發(fā)泄的途徑。C項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段最后一句“Effectivecommunicationisnecessarytoinstructyourdogaboutwhatyouwantittodo.有效的溝通對(duì)指導(dǎo)你的狗做你想要它做的事情是必要的?！笨芍狟項(xiàng)“是狗執(zhí)行任務(wù)的基礎(chǔ)”正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由倒數(shù)第二段“Mostdogsloveperformingtricksforyoutopleasantlyacceptthatyouareincharge.大多數(shù)狗狗喜歡為你表演一些小把戲，讓你愉快地接受你是主人的事實(shí)?！笨芍狣項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由最后一段“Awell-traineddogismoreconfidentandcanmoresafelybeallowedagreateramountoffreedomthananuntrainedanimal.一條受過(guò)良好訓(xùn)練的狗比未受過(guò)訓(xùn)練的動(dòng)物更有信心，也能更安全地獲得更多的自由?！笨芍狢項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Modernsocietyhaschangedpeople’snaturalrelations,loosenedtheirresponsibilitiestokinandneighbors,andsubstituteintheirplace（）superficialrelationships（）passingacquaintances.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.for…with

B.with…with

C./…with

D.with…for

【答案】C

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：現(xiàn)代社會(huì)改變了人們之間的自然關(guān)系，放松了對(duì)親人和鄰居的責(zé)任，取而代之的是萍水相逢的表面關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意可知，superficialrelationships在句中做后置定語(yǔ)，所以前面不需要用介詞，而passingacquaintances在句中做伴隨狀語(yǔ)，所以用介詞with，故選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

4.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingpassageintoChinese

Whathopesandfearsdoesthescientificmethodimplyformankind?Idonotthinkthatthisistherightwaytoputthequestion.Whateverthistoolinthehandofmenwillproducedependsentirelyonthenatureofthegoalsaliveinthismankind.Oncethesegoalsexist,thescientificmethodfurnishesmeanstorealizethem.Yetitcannotfurnishtheverygoals.Thescientificmethoditselfwouldnothaveledanywhere.Itwouldnotevenhavebeenbornwithoutapassionatestrivingforclearunderstanding.

Perceptionofmeansandconfusionofgoalsseem,inmyopinion,tocharacterizeourage,ifwedesiresincerelyandpassionatelythesafety,thewelfareandthefreedevelopmentofthetalentsofallmen,weshallnotbeinwantofthemeanstoapproachsuchastate.Evenifonlyasmallpartofmankindstrivesforsuchgoals,theirsuperioritywillproveitselfinthelongrun.

Followingdifferentapproaches:a19th-centuryRussianPhysiologist(I.M.Sechenov),theU.S.founderofthebehavioristschoolofpsychology(J.R.Watson),anda20th-centurySwissdevelopmentalpsychologist(Piaget)allarrivedattheconclusionthattheactivitiesthatserveaselementsofthinkingareinternalizedoffractionalversionsofmotorresponses;thatis,theelementsareconsideredtobeattenuatedorcurtailedvariantsofneuromuscularprocessesthat,iftheywerenotsubjectedtopartialinhibition,wouldgiverisetovisiblebodilymovements.

【答案】

科學(xué)方法為人類(lèi)隱含著什么希望和恐懼呢？我認(rèn)為這樣提出這個(gè)問(wèn)題是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。人?lèi)使用手中的工具生產(chǎn)出什么完全取決于人類(lèi)存在的目標(biāo)的本質(zhì)。一旦這些目標(biāo)存在，科學(xué)方法提供手段來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)它們。但是不能提供目標(biāo)本身?？茖W(xué)方法本身不能產(chǎn)生任何影響。而且，只有充滿激情地去努力尋找正確的理解科學(xué)方法才會(huì)產(chǎn)生。

在我看來(lái)，對(duì)于方法的感知和目標(biāo)的困惑看起來(lái)是我們這個(gè)時(shí)代的特征。如果我們真心實(shí)意并且熱情地希望整個(gè)人類(lèi)能夠生活在一個(gè)安全、好福利并且自由發(fā)展的社會(huì)，我們就不會(huì)缺少達(dá)到這個(gè)目標(biāo)的方法。即使只有少部分人追求這個(gè)目標(biāo)，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，它們的優(yōu)勢(shì)將會(huì)被證明。

19世紀(jì)俄國(guó)生理學(xué)家（謝東諾夫）、美國(guó)行為主義心理學(xué)派創(chuàng)始人（華生）與20世紀(jì)瑞士發(fā)展心理學(xué)家（皮亞杰）采用不同的方法，得出了同樣的結(jié)論，那就是充當(dāng)思考要素的行為是內(nèi)化的或者微小的運(yùn)動(dòng)反應(yīng)，也就是說(shuō)這些要素被認(rèn)為是神經(jīng)肌肉過(guò)程的縮小體，如果它們沒(méi)有受到部分抑制，會(huì)產(chǎn)生可見(jiàn)的身體運(yùn)動(dòng)。

5.單選題

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.perfect

B.total

C.sheer

D.integral

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。Perfect“完美的”；total“全部的”；sheer“絕對(duì)的；純粹的”；integral“完整的”。句意：純粹是出于報(bào)復(fù)，他拼命詆毀她的人品，毀壞她的名譽(yù)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

6.單選題

DuringtheSpringFestivalholiday,Chinesecitizensaregrantedavisa-upon-arrivalin37countriesandregions,whileafurther11countriesandregionsare（）visa-free.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identical

B.measurable

C.abnormal

D.accessible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)identical表示“同一的，完全相同的”；B選項(xiàng)measurable表示“可測(cè)量的，重大的，重要的”；C選項(xiàng)abnormal表示“反常的，不規(guī)則的”；D選項(xiàng)accessible表示“可進(jìn)入的，可理解的，易接近的”。由句意可知，在春節(jié)期間，中國(guó)公民在37個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)享有落地簽證的權(quán)利，而在另外的11個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)，享受免簽待遇。因此，D選項(xiàng)含義最符合句意要求，故本題正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。

7.單選題

Itistimewe（

）inbed.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldbe

B.were

C.willbe

D.are

【答案】A

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。itistime后面接虛擬語(yǔ)氣，有兩種表達(dá)方式，一種是should+動(dòng)詞原形，另一種是用過(guò)去式表將來(lái)時(shí)，所以答案A，B都可。

8.單選題

Topleasenoone[A]Iwillprescribeadeadlydrug,[B]norgiveadvicewhichmaycausehisdeath.[C]NorwillIgive[D]awomanapessarytoprocureabortion.ButIwillpreservethepurityofmylifeandmyart.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Iwillprescribe

B.norgiveadvice

C.NorwillI

D.awoman

【答案】A

【解析】A選項(xiàng)所在內(nèi)容應(yīng)該用倒裝句式，將Iwillprescribe改為willIprescribe。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

9.單選題

Theaccountant（

）thousandsofdollarsfromthecharitywhileappearingtobeitsbestfunderraiser.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.donated

B.validated

C.embezzled

D.certify

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。donate捐贈(zèng)；validate證實(shí)，驗(yàn)證；embezzled盜用，挪用；certify證明，保證。句意：那個(gè)會(huì)計(jì)盜用善款幾千美元，卻表現(xiàn)出自己是最佳的捐助者。由while可知，前后兩句關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折，后半句提到“最佳捐贈(zèng)者”，那么前半句句意應(yīng)與之相反。故C項(xiàng)符合題意，答案C

10.單選題

TheBankofChinaisinterestedinhowmuchmoneyisin（）intheeconomy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.circle

B.circulation

C.expense

D.rotation

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)circle“圈子；圈出”，不與介詞in搭配；B選項(xiàng)circulation“流通；傳播”，incirculation“在流通的”，常與貨幣的流通有關(guān)；C選項(xiàng)expense“損失；代價(jià)”，固定搭配為attheexpenseof“以……為代價(jià)”；D選項(xiàng)rotation“旋轉(zhuǎn)；循環(huán)”，指物品的旋轉(zhuǎn)。句意：中國(guó)銀行對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)中有多少貨幣在流通感興趣。此處指的是與貨幣的流通有關(guān)。故選B。

11.單選題

Whathetoldmewasa（）ofdownrightlies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.load

B.mob

C.pack

D.flock

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。load“負(fù)荷，重?fù)?dān)，裝載量”；mob“暴民，烏合之眾”；pack“包裹，背包”；flock“（飛禽，牲畜等的）群”。句意：他告訴我的都是一些明顯的謊言。aloadof“大量，許多”，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

12.單選題

Anynegativestatementsandaccusationsshouldbemade（）andforthrightlyanswered,preferablyatthelevelonwhichtheyoriginate.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.promptly

B.thoroughly

C.punctually

D.exactly

【答案】A

【解析】句意:任何否定的言論和指控都應(yīng)迅速、直接地作出答復(fù)，最好是在它們產(chǎn)生的層面上。

考查副詞辨析。promptly迅速地;敏捷地；thoroughly充分的；徹頭徹尾的；punctually按時(shí)地；如期地；exactly正確地；嚴(yán)密地。并列連詞and連接空格跟forthrightly(直接地)，因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，A項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Thosewho（）trafficregulationsshouldbepunished.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rotate

B.violate

C.abuse

D.degrade

【答案】B

【解析】句意:違反交通法規(guī)的那些人應(yīng)該受處罰。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。rotate(使)旋轉(zhuǎn),轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng);(工作)由…輪值;violate違反,違犯,違背(法律、協(xié)議等),侵犯(隱私等);abuse濫用,虐待;degrade貶低,使……丟臉,使……降級(jí),使降解。因此B符合句意。

14.單選題

Mostofthepeoplewhoappearmostoftenandmostgloriouslyinthehistorybooksaregreatconquerorsandgeneralsandsoldiers,whereasthepeoplewhoreallyhelpedcivilizationforwardareoftennevermentionedatall.Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,ormaturedafield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.

Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.Tobegoodatfightingistobegoodinthewaywhichananimalorasavageisgood,butitisnottobecivilized.Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbeseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthesidewhichhaskilledthemosthaswon.Andnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.

Thatiswhatthestoryofmankindhasonthewholebeenlike.Evenourownagehasfoughtthetwogreatestwarsinhistory,inwhichmillionsofpeoplewerekilledorseriouslyinjured.Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife—nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet,andstillbehavelikesavages.

Butwemustnotexpecttoomuch.Afterall,theraceofmenhasonlyjuststarted.Mankindisonlyatthebeginningofitscivilizedlife.Thepastofmanhasbeenonthewholeaprettybeastlybusiness.Wemustnotexpectevencivilizedpeoplesnottohavedonethesethings.Allwecanaskisthattheywillsometimeshavedonesomethingelse.

41.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcasesmayberegardedasanadvancementofcivilization?

42.Inthefirstsentenceofparagraph2,“Itisjustpossibletheyare”meansthat（）.

43.Theauthorsuggeststhatcivilizedpeopleshouldsettledisputesby（）.

44.Intheauthor’sview,thenationsandcountriesoftoday（）.

45.Bythelastparagraph,theauthorimpliesthat（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theactofconqueringtheothernations.

B.Theabilitytogetotherstofightforyou.

C.Thebreakingoflegs.

D.Thewaytofertilizeafield.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.itispossiblethatmostpeoplebelieveinthegreatestcountries

B.itispossiblethattheconquerorsarethegreatestcountries

C.itispossiblethatthegreatestcountriesmaybeatthegreatestnumberofcountries

D.itispossiblethattheconquerorscanruleoverothercountries

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.goingtowars

B.gainingtheright

C.havingthemight

D.adoptingnon-violentways

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.arequitefriendlytooneanother

B.cankeeptherulesandbehaveproperly

C.arestillfightingagainstoneanother

D.knowhowtosettledisputes

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.peoplearebornsavageandit’shardforthemtochange

B.civilizationisathingthatcannotbeexpectedtoomuch

C.civilizedpeoplewillneverdoanysavagethings

D.humanbeingswillforwardthecivilizationastheymature

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】41.推理判斷題。A選項(xiàng)“征服其他國(guó)家的行為”，第一段Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.（我想大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為最偉大的國(guó)家是那些在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中打敗最多其他國(guó)家并以征服者的身份統(tǒng)治它們的國(guó)家。）第二段有轉(zhuǎn)折Itisjustpossibletheyare,buttheyarenotthemostcivilized.（他們可能是，但他們不是最文明的。）故可排除A選項(xiàng)。B選項(xiàng)“讓別人為你而戰(zhàn)的能力”，根據(jù)原文Evenbeinggoodatgettingotherpeopletofightforyouandtellingthemhowtodoitmostefficientlyisnotbeingcivilized.（即使是善于讓別人為你而戰(zhàn)，并告訴他們?nèi)绾巫霾抛钣行?，也不是文明。）可排除B選項(xiàng)。C選項(xiàng)“斷腿”定位在第一段第二句Wedonotknowwhofirstsetabrokenleg,ormaturedafield;butweknowallaboutthekillersanddestroyers.（我們不知道誰(shuí)最先接上折斷的腿骨，還是成熟了一片田；但我們知道所有關(guān)于殺手和毀滅者的事。）句中是接上斷腿的人，而非斷腿。D選項(xiàng)“給土地施肥的方法?！痹谧髡哐劾锿苿?dòng)文明發(fā)展的不是這些征服者，將軍或者士兵，也不是通過(guò)野蠻行為解決紛爭(zhēng)的人。A，B，C選項(xiàng)在作者眼中都不是文明的，均可排除，故選D。

42.推理判斷題。定位在第一段最后一句Ithinkmostpeoplebelievethatthegreatestcountriesarethosethathavebeateninbattlethegreatestnumberofothercountriesandruledoverthemasconquerors.（我想大多數(shù)人都認(rèn)為最偉大的國(guó)家是那些在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中打敗最多其他國(guó)家并以征服者的身份統(tǒng)治它們的國(guó)家。）可知they指代的是最偉大的國(guó)家。A選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)人可能相信最偉大的國(guó)家”與題意無(wú)關(guān)。B選項(xiàng)“征服者可能是最偉大的國(guó)家”，置換主語(yǔ)，有誤。C選項(xiàng)“可能最偉大的國(guó)家打敗最多的國(guó)家”與句意契合，正確。D選項(xiàng)“征服者有可能統(tǒng)治其他國(guó)家”與主干無(wú)關(guān)，可排除。故選C。

43.推理判斷題。定位在第二段Peoplefighttosettlequarrels.Fightingmeanskilling,andcivilizedpeoplesoughttobeabletofindsomewayofsettlingtheirdisputesotherthanbeseeingwhichsidecankilloffthegreaternumberoftheotherside,andthensayingthatthesidewhichhaskilledthemosthaswon.（人們靠打架來(lái)解決爭(zhēng)議。戰(zhàn)斗意味著殺戮，文明的人民應(yīng)該能夠找到解決爭(zhēng)端的方法，而不是看哪一方殺死另一方的人數(shù)更多，然后說(shuō)，殺死最多的一方贏了。）由此可知，作者認(rèn)為武力不是解決問(wèn)題的辦法。A選項(xiàng)“參戰(zhàn)”，與武力有關(guān)不符合。B選項(xiàng)“贏得權(quán)利”，和平解決問(wèn)題是不會(huì)有輸贏的，C選項(xiàng)“有強(qiáng)權(quán)”，Andnotonlyhaswon,but,becauseithaswon,hasbeenintheright.Forthatiswhatgoingtowarmeans;itmeanssayingthatmightisright.（它不僅贏了，而且因?yàn)橼A了，它是正確的。因?yàn)檫@就是參戰(zhàn)的意義；它意味著說(shuō)強(qiáng)權(quán)即公理。）在文中作者對(duì)強(qiáng)權(quán)即公理的這種說(shuō)法是不贊成的。由此可排除C選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)“采用非暴力方式”符合題意，故選D。

44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife—nationsandcountrieshavenotlearnttodothisyet,andstillbehavelikesavages.（雖然現(xiàn)在，人們并不會(huì)在街上相互殘殺，也就是說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)到了遵守規(guī)則和在日常生活中相互之間行為得體的階段。但各個(gè)民族和國(guó)家還沒(méi)有學(xué)會(huì)這樣做，仍然表現(xiàn)得像野蠻人。）由此可知，如今的一些民族和國(guó)家還存在著對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，故C選項(xiàng)“仍在互相爭(zhēng)斗”正確。A選項(xiàng)“他們彼此很友好”，B選項(xiàng)“遵守規(guī)矩，舉止得體”，D選項(xiàng)“知道如何解決爭(zhēng)端”均與句意不符，可排除，故選C。

45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)原文Butwemustnotexpecttoomuch.Afterall,theraceofmenhasonlyjuststarted.Mankindisonlyatthebeginningofitscivilizedlife.（但我們不能期望太多。畢竟，人類(lèi)的進(jìn)化才剛剛開(kāi)始。人類(lèi)才剛剛開(kāi)始文明生活。）由此可知，我們還處在文明世界的開(kāi)端，不能期望過(guò)高。A選項(xiàng)“人天生野蠻，很難改變”錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)原文Andwhiletodayitistruethatpeopleinthestreets—while,thatistosay,wehavegottothestageofkeepingtherulesandbehavingproperlytoeachotherindailylife.（雖然現(xiàn)在，人們并不會(huì)在街上相互殘殺，也就是說(shuō)，我們已經(jīng)到了遵守規(guī)則和在日常生活中相互之間行為得體的階段。）可以知道人們已經(jīng)有改變了。B選項(xiàng)“文明是一種不能過(guò)分期待的東西”，作者是以目前階段的文明而言，我們不能夠期待太多，并沒(méi)有讓人不去期待，屬于歪曲意思。C選項(xiàng)“文明人決不會(huì)做野蠻的事”說(shuō)法過(guò)于絕對(duì)，根據(jù)原文Wemustnotexpectevencivilizedpeoplesnottohavedonethesethings.（我們不能期待即使是文明人也不會(huì)做這些事。）可知文明人絕對(duì)不做野蠻的事是很難保證的。D選項(xiàng)“隨著人類(lèi)的成熟，人類(lèi)將推進(jìn)文明的發(fā)展”，作者說(shuō)到人類(lèi)文明才剛開(kāi)始，可以推出現(xiàn)在的文明隨著人類(lèi)的成熟，還能夠有所進(jìn)步，故D選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Field-based,sociallycomplexeducationprogramcallforadifferentframeworkandmethodologyforevidencegathering,（）therigorinthe“science”ofinvestigativeprocessesmustbeevaluatedwithadifferentsetofcriteria（）aretraditionallyemployedwithRCTsorquasi-experiment.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.X...X

B.that...that

C.where...than

D.which...which

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)題意，第一個(gè)空格為非限制定語(yǔ)從句，選項(xiàng)A和B可排除。又因?yàn)榈诙€(gè)空也是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為criteria，所以空格中需填入關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

16.翻譯題

1.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese(5marks)

AhugefirethatengulfedanancientTibetantowninShangri-la,Yunnanprovince,onSaturdayhascausedexpertstocallforheightenedfiresafetyinhistoriclocationsacrossthecountry.ThefirestartedearlyonSaturdaymorningandlastedabout12hours,destroying242housesintheoldTibetantownofDukezonginShangri-la,capitaloftheDiqingTibetautonomousprefecture.Dukezongtownisthelargestandbest-preservedTibetancommunityinallofChina’sTibetanareas.ItwasalsoakeystopontheAncientTea-HorseCaravanRouteandafocalpointforHan-Tibetanexchanges.

【答案】一場(chǎng)大火周六吞沒(méi)了云南香格里拉一個(gè)古老的藏族小鎮(zhèn)，引起專(zhuān)家呼吁在全國(guó)歷史地段加強(qiáng)消防安全。大火周六凌晨開(kāi)始，持續(xù)了大約12小時(shí)，摧毀了迪慶藏族自治州首府香格里拉藏族古鎮(zhèn)獨(dú)克宗的242棟房屋。獨(dú)克宗鎮(zhèn)是中國(guó)藏區(qū)規(guī)模最大、保存最完好的藏族聚居區(qū)。它也是茶馬古道的重要一站，也是漢藏交流的中心。

17.單選題

BorisYeltsin,Russia’s______president,died.HisfuneralinMoscowwasattendedbyabevyofworldleaderspastandpresent.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prior

B.past

C.former

D.late

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：俄羅斯______總統(tǒng)鮑里斯?葉利欽去世。C選項(xiàng)formerpresident“前任總統(tǒng)”為固定搭配，其余選項(xiàng)非固定搭配也不符合句意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

Theteachersuggestedthestudentcomplete（

）researchbeforewritingthetermpaper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intensive

B.expansive

C.expensive

D.exhaustive

【答案】D

【解析】句意:老師建議學(xué)生們?cè)趯?xiě)學(xué)期論文前完成詳盡的研究。

考查形容詞辨析。Intensive密集的,徹底的;expansive廣闊的,擴(kuò)張的;expensive昂貴的;exhaustive詳盡的,徹底的,全面的。故D符合句意。

19.單選題

Allvisitorsarerequestedto（）withtheregulations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.abide

B.comply

C.consent

D.conform

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:abidewith“與……同住”；B:comply(with)“遵守”；C:consent“同意”；D:conform(to)“遵守”。句意：所有的游客都被要求遵守規(guī)則。根據(jù)句意以及固定搭配，選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

20.單選題

Almostsinceitsinception,Israelhasbeeninconflict.WhatroledoeswarplayinshapingtheJewishstates’identity?

I'monthiswhirlwindtouroftheHolyLandcourtesyofBirthright,afoundationthatofferseveryAmericanwithJewishheritageafreetriptoIsrael.Theonlyrequirementsarethatyou’rebetweentheagesof18and26andyouhaveatleastoneJewishparent.That'sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.

IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate,ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconvictions.Anagnosticinfaithandinlife.AtthispointinmylifeIdon'tfollowJudaismoranyreligionforthatmatter.Culturally,I’mkindofwhatever,celebratingChristmasandGroundhogDayandanyotherholidaythatseemslikefun.Ididn’tknowmuchaboutIsraelisasapeople,andknewhardlyanythingaboutthepoliticsoftheregion.

PmonabusinIsraelleavingtheairport.It'sveryearlyinthemorning.Thedayisalreadysohotyoucanseewavesofheatshimmeringoffthehighway.IfeellikeIalwaysdoatthestartofagreatadventure:jetlagged,thirsty,excited.ThebuildingsofTelAvivaregettingsmallerthefurtherwedrive.

Ourtourguide,hisnameisEitan,istalkingintoamicrophone.“Asweheadoutofthecityyou’llseealotofcountryside,”hesays,hisblueeyesgazingfondlyoutthewindowathisadoptedhomeland(EitanisAmerican,yousee,andhehas“madealiyah，’’ortakenIsraelashishomelandandchosenaHebrewname).

“Israelisnotalldesertlikeyoumighthavethought.”Ipayattentionnow,becausethisiswhatIdidinfactthink.“Lookatthatfieldofsunflowers,forexample."

Ilookoutthewindowtomyleftandseethetallyellowflowers.I’mthinkingtheyare

prettyandpicturesque,thenEitansays,“Don’ttheylooklikeproudsoldierslinedupreadyforbattle?"

Itwon'toccurtomeuntilmuchlater,whenmyten-daytouraroundIsraelisfinishedandI’mbackinthesafetyofmypredictable,air-conditionedAmericanlife,thatthiscommentrepresentstwothingsI’vecometounderstandaboutIsraelanditspeople.One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.

Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful“ownership”oftheland.

1.AfreetriptoIsraelisofferedtoeveryyoungAmericanwithJewishheritageinorderforthem（

）.

2.By“IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritableslate”,theauthorimpliesthatshewentintoIsrael

（

）.

3.Thesentence,“WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers”,suggeststhatsubconsciously

（

）.

4.Ascanbeinferredfromthepassage,theauthorfindsherten-daytouraroundIsrael（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tofindoutwhatroleswarplaysinshapingtheJewishstates’identity

B.toseealotofprettyandpicturesquecountrysidesceneryoutofthecity

C.tolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture

D.tosavethemtheexpensesoneverythingincludingairfare,food,accommodation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.open-minded,withoutanyrestrictionsofconventionalideas

B.simple-minded,withoutanythoughtofthepurposeofthetrip

C.empty-minded,withoutmuchknowledgeaboutIsraelisasapeople

D.pure-minded,withoutanypolitical,religiousandculturalinclination

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.IsraelishaveanunrealisticcastofmindasapeoplewithJewishheritage

B.Israelisareverypatrioticandalwaysreadytodefendtheirrighttobelong

C.IsraelisaremuchmoreimaginativethanAmericansaboutthingsinnature

D.Israelisaresopanic-strickenbywarthattheymistakesunflowersforsoldiers

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.meaninglessandboring

B.adventurousandthrilling

C.incredibleandbewildering

D.impressiveandrewarding

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。本題詢(xún)問(wèn)給每一個(gè)至少父母中的一方是猶太人的年輕的美國(guó)人一次免費(fèi)去以色列的旅行的目的是什么。根據(jù)原文“That’sit.Birthrightgivesyouanall-expensespaidtour(I'mtalkingairfare,food,accommodation,everything)aroundIsraeltolearnaboutthecountryanditscomplicatedpastandprecariousfuture.就是這樣?！芭c生俱來(lái)的權(quán)利”讓你可以免費(fèi)游覽以色列(我指的是機(jī)票、食物、住宿等等)，了解這個(gè)國(guó)家及其復(fù)雜的過(guò)去和不穩(wěn)定的未來(lái)?！笨芍狢選項(xiàng)‘旅行的目的就是讓更多人了解以色列復(fù)雜的歷史和未知的將來(lái)’正確。

2.句義推測(cè)題。本題詢(xún)問(wèn)通過(guò)這句話作者想表達(dá)的意思。IwentintomytriptoIsraelaveritablecleanstate句意為“我走進(jìn)了以色列，一個(gè)名副其實(shí)的干凈的國(guó)家”。這句話應(yīng)放到文中更好理解，通過(guò)后面的“ashelteredgirlfromsmall-townNevadawithnostrongpoliticalconviction.她來(lái)自?xún)?nèi)華達(dá)州的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)烈的政治信念?！泵鞔_指出不含任何政治傾向，所以D選項(xiàng)“天真的思想，不含任何政治、宗教和文化信仰”正確。

3.句義推測(cè)題。根據(jù)原文“One:Israelisaredeterminedtoshowtheworldtheircountryisbeautiful,notjustbombsandproblems.Two:Theyhaveanunwaveringbeliefintheirrighttobelongasanationandtheirrighttodefendit.Conclusion:WhereAmericansseesunflowers,Israelisseesoldiers.一、以色列想向這個(gè)世界展示它是美麗的，而不只是炸彈和困難；二、他們對(duì)他們屬于這個(gè)國(guó)家和有權(quán)捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家的權(quán)利有著堅(jiān)定不移的信念?！本C合分析可知，這句話“美國(guó)人明明看到的是向日葵，以色列人卻看到的是士兵”是突出以色列人的愛(ài)國(guó)之心，他們時(shí)刻保衛(wèi)著自己的領(lǐng)土和權(quán)利，所以B選項(xiàng)‘以色列人非常愛(ài)國(guó)，隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備捍衛(wèi)他們的歸屬權(quán)利’正確。

4.推理判斷題。本題詢(xún)問(wèn)作者認(rèn)為自己的以色列十天游的感受如何。A選項(xiàng)意為“無(wú)意義和無(wú)聊的”；B選項(xiàng)意為“冒險(xiǎn)的和刺激的”；C選項(xiàng)意為“令人難以置信和撲朔迷離的”；D選項(xiàng)意為“影響深刻且受益匪淺的”。根據(jù)原文最后一段內(nèi)容"Icameoutofmytripwithdatesandhistoryandpassionatespeechesrattlingaroundinmyhead,lesssurethaneverwhoshouldhaverightful'ownership,oftheland.旅行結(jié)束后，我腦子里滿是日期、歷史和激動(dòng)人心的演講，比以往任何時(shí)候都不確定誰(shuí)應(yīng)該擁有這片土地的合法所有權(quán)?！贝_定D選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Mr.Greenis（

）inthelaw.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.learned

B.scholar

C.academic

D.scientific

【答案】A

【解析】句意:Green先生是法律方面的專(zhuān)家。

語(yǔ)義題。Learned博學(xué)的,有學(xué)問(wèn)的;scholar學(xué)者,獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金獲得者;academic學(xué)術(shù)的,理論的;scientific科學(xué)的,系統(tǒng)的?？崭裉幥懊媸莃e動(dòng)詞is,所以空格處需要填一個(gè)形容詞。故A符合句意。

22.單選題

Iwasgladwhensomebodytoldme,“YoumaygoandcollectNegrofolklore.”Inaway,itwouldnotbeanew（1）forme.WhenIpitchedheadforemostintothe

（2）

IlandedinthecribofNegroism.Itwas

（3）melikeatightchemise.Icouldn'tseeitfor

（4）

it.ItwasonlywhenIwasoffincollege,awayfrommynativesurroundingsthatIcould

（5）offandlookatmygarment.ThenIhadtohavethespy-glassofanthropologyto

（6）

.

IwasaskedwhereI

（7）

toworkandIsaid,“l(fā)orida.It’saplacethat

（8）

people——Negroesfrom

（9）

SouthernstateandsomefromtheNorthandWest.”

（10）

Iknewthatitwaspossibleformetogeta

（11）sectionoftheNegroSouthinonestate.AndthenI

（12）

thatIfeltnewmyself,soitlooked

（13）

formetochoosefamiliarground.

IstartedinEatonville,Florida,

（14）

Iknewthatthetownwasfullof

（15）

andthatIcouldgetitwithoutcausinganyhurtorharm.AsearlyasIcouldremember,itwasthehabitofthemenparticularlyto

（16）

onthestoreporchintheeveningsandswapstories.Eventhewomenwouldstopandbreaka

（17）

withthemattimes.AsachildwhenIwassentdowntothestore,I'ddragoutmyleavingtohearmore.

Folkloreisnotaseasyto

（18）

asitsounds.Theidealsourceiswheretherearethefewestoutside

（19）

，butthesepeoplearereluctantattimestorevealthatwhichthesoullivesby.IknewthatevenIwouldhavesome

（20）

amongstrangers.ButhereinEatonvilleIkneweverybodywasgoingtohelpme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.investigation

B.prospect

C.field

D.experience

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.earth

B.world

C.sphere

D.category

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.fitting

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.correlation

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.wearing

B.worn

C.wear

D.takingoff

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.counterpart

B.point

C.stand

D.partner

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.lookinto

B.lookahead

C.lookwith

D.lookthrough

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.attempted

B.wanted

C.desired

D.wished

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.draws

B.disrespects

C.matches

D.gathers

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.every

B.some

C.several

D.quitemany

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.Hereto

B.Hence

C.Thus

D.So

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.cross

C.about

D.above

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.practiced

B.realized

C.trained

D.operated

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.sensible

B.managed

C.trained

D.suggest

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.since

B.whereas

C.beneath

D.because

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.material

B.matter

C.substance

D.object

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.manage

B.sumup

C.reserve

D.gather

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.breath

B.swallow

C.breadth

D.behind

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.survey

B.collect

C.collaboration

D.alteration

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.hinds

B.effects

C.impacts

D.influences

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.hindrance

B.speed

C.drive

D.holdon

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:D

第7題:C

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:D

第11題:B

第12題:B

第13題:A

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:A

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】（1）考查名詞詞義辨析。investigation調(diào)查；prospect前途，前景；field領(lǐng)域；experience經(jīng)歷。由collectNegrofolklore可知這是一種經(jīng)歷。故答案為D。

（2）考查名詞詞義辨析。earth地球；sphere范圍，球體；category種類(lèi)，分類(lèi)；world領(lǐng)域，世界。此處意為：研究關(guān)于黑人這個(gè)領(lǐng)域的東西，所以空格處應(yīng)填B項(xiàng)。

（3）考查名詞詞義辨析。由likeatightchemise：如同一件緊身衣一樣可知這個(gè)領(lǐng)域?qū)ξ襾?lái)說(shuō)是合適的。counterfeit假冒的；correction改正，修正；correlation相關(guān)，關(guān)聯(lián)。答案A。

（4）考查詞義及詞組辨析。上一句提到緊身衣，衣服是用來(lái)穿的，而不是用來(lái)看的?？梢缘贸鯝項(xiàng)正確。答案A。

（5）考查固定搭配。st