考研考博-英語-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-大連楓葉職業(yè)技術學院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ameteorburnsbrightly（）throughtheearth’satmosphere.

問題1選項

A.asitdescends

B.asdescending

C.whetheritdescends

D.whendescends

【答案】A

【解析】考查時間狀語從句。句意：流星在穿過地球大氣層時閃閃發(fā)光。whether引導賓語從句，表示“是否”，排除C。D選項缺少主語，排除D。as后面接動詞ing形式表示現(xiàn)在進行時，時態(tài)不符，排除B。因此A選項正確。

2.單選題

Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromallsubstancesnearit,andthis（

）producesartificialcoldsurroundingit.

問題1選項

A.absorption

B.dissemination

C.assimilation

D.interaction

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。absorption“吸收”；dissemination“宣傳”；assimilation“同化”；interaction“相互作用”。句意：水從固體變成液體需要吸入周圍所有物質的熱量，這一吸收過程產(chǎn)生的低溫。選項A符合題意。

3.案例題

Althoughcreditcardsarebecomingamoreacceptablepartofthefinancialscene,theyarestillregardedwithsuspicionbymanyasbeingamajorpartofthe"livenowpaylater"syndrome（綜合癥）.Alongwithhire-purchase,rentalandleasingschemes,theyprovideencouragementtospendmoremoney.Ofcourse,itisonlythefoolhardywhosuccumb（屈服）tothetemptationtothetemptationtolive,temporarilyatleast,beyondtheirmeans,andsuchpeoplewouldnodoubtmanagetodosoevenwithoutcreditcards.

Advertisingcampaignshave,however,promotedagrowingrealizationoftheadvantagesofthesesmallpiecesofplastic.Theyobviatetheneedtocarrylargeamountsofcashandarealwaysusefulinemergencies.Allthecreditcardorganizationschargeinterestonamonthlybasiswhichmayworkoutashighas25percentayear,yetjudiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.Usingthecardabroad,whereitemsfrequentlytakealongtimetobeincludedonyouraccount,canextendthisperiodevenfurther.

Itisworthwhileshoppingaroundbeforedecidingonaparticularcreditcard.Itisnecessarytoconsidertheamountofcreditgranted;interestrates,whichmayvaryslightly;thenumberandrangeofoutlets,thoughmostcardscovermajorgarages,hotels,restaurantsanddepartmentstores,and,ofcourse,whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen.Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard.

However,ifusedwisely,acreditcardcancostnothingsoratleasthelptotideyouoveraperiodoffinancialdifficulty.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?

2.Whatcanbethetitleforthispassage?

3.Whatelsedoyoumeanbyjudiciouspurchasingusingacard?

4.Whathappensifyourcardislostorstolen?

5.Whatdoesthephrase"tideover"inthelastparagraphmean?

Directions:Readthefollowingpassageandthengiveshortanswerstothefivequestions.

【答案】1.Creditcardsarestillbesuspectedbysomepeople.

2.Thecreditcards.

3.Youobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit.

4.Acreditcardthiefmayuseyourcard.

5.Tosupportthroughadifficultperiod.

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句為本段的中心句,盡管信用卡在金融領域正變得越來越被人們接受,但許多人仍懷疑它是"現(xiàn)用現(xiàn)付"綜合征的主要組成部分。也就是說,信用卡現(xiàn)在依然受到部分人的質疑。

2.結合全文可知,本文主要講了信用卡的用途、如何選擇和使用信用卡。所以,文章主要是介紹信用卡。

3.根據(jù)關鍵詞"judiciouspurchasing"定位到第二段第三句"...judiciouspurchasingusingacardcanmeanthatyouobtainuptosevenweeksinterest-freecredit."明智地使用信用卡購物意味著你可以獲得長達7周的無息信貸。

4.根據(jù)第三段最后一句"Acreditcardthiefmaybesittingonapotentialgoldmineparticularlyifthereisadelayinreportingthelossofthecard."一旦你的卡丟失且掛失晚了的話,信用卡竊賊可能會盜用你的卡。

5.tideover意為"克服,度過,度過困難時期"。即tosupportthroughadifficultperiod。

4.單選題

Shewasafraid（）thedogincaseitbecamedangerous.

問題1選項

A.ofexciting

B.toexcite

C.thatsheexcited

D.tobeexciting

【答案】B

【解析】句意:她不敢讓這條狗興奮，以防有危險。

考查固定搭配。beafraidtodosth.害怕/不敢做某事。beafraidofdoingsth.一向害怕做某事(表示習慣)。因此B項符合語境。

5.不定項選擇題

Youheartherefrainallthetime:theU.S.economylooksgoodstatistically,butitdoesn’tfeelgood.Whydoesn’tever-greaterwealthpromoteever-greaterhappiness?Itisaquestionthatdatesatleasttotheappearancein1958ofTheAffluentSocietybyJohnKennethGalbraith,whodiedrecentlyat97.

TheAffluentSocietyisamodernclassicbecauseithelpeddefineanewmomentinthehumancondition.Formostofhistory,“hunger,sickness,andcold”threatenednearlyeveryone,Galbraithwrote.“Povertywasfoundeverywhereinthatworld.Obviouslyitisnotofours.”AfterWorldWarⅡ,thedreadofanotherGreatDepressiongavewaytoaneconomicboom.Inthe1930sunemploymenthadaveraged18.2percent;inthe1950sitwas4.5percent.

ToGalbraith,materialismhadgonemadandwouldbreeddiscontent.Throughadvertising,companiesconditionedconsumerstobuythingstheydidn’treallywantorneed.Becausesomuchspendingwasartificial,itwouldbeunfulfilling.Meanwhile,governmentspendingthatwouldmakeeveryonebetteroffwasbeingcutdownbecausepeopleinstinctively—andwrongly—labeledgovernmentonlyas“anecessaryevil”.

It’softensaidthatonlythericharegettingahead;everyoneelseisstandingstillorfallingbehind.Well,therearemanyundeserving,rich—overpaidchiefexecutives,forinstance.Butoveranymeaningfulperiod,mostpeople’sincomesareincreasing.From1995to2004,inflation-adjustedaveragefamilyincomerose14.3percent,to$43,200.Peoplefeel“squeezed”becausetheirrisingincomesoftendon’tsatisfytheirrisingwants—forbiggerhomes,morehealthcare,moreeducation,fasterInternetconnections.

Theothergreatfrustrationisthatithasnoteliminatedinsecurity.Peopleregardjobstabilityaspartoftheirstandardofliving.Ascorporatelayoffsincreased,thatparthaseroded.Moreworkersfearthey’vebecome“thedisposableAmerican”,asLouisUchitelleputsitinhisbookbythesamename.

Becausesomuchprevioussufferingandsocialconflictstemmedfrompoverty,thearrivalofwidespreadaffluencesuggestedutopianpossibilities.Uptoapoint,affluencesucceeds.Thereismuchlessphysicalmiserythanbefore.Peoplearebetteroff.Unfortunately,affluencealsocreatesnewcomplaintsandcontradictions.

Advancedsocietiesneedeconomicgrowthtosatisfythemultiplyingwantsoftheircitizens.Butthequestforgrowthletsloosenewanxietiesandeconomicconflictsthatdisturbthesocialorder.Affluenceliberatestheindividual,promisingthateveryonecanchooseauniquewaytoself-fulfillment.Butthepromiseissoextravagantthatitpredestinesmanydisappointmentsandsometimesinspireschoicesthathaveanti-socialconsequences,includingfamilybreakdownandobesity.Statisticalindicatorsofhappinesshavenotrisenwithincomes.

Shouldwebesurprised?Notreally.We’vesimplyreaffirmedanoldtruth:thepursuitofaffluencedoesnotalwaysendwithhappiness.

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?

問題1選項

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.

問題2選項

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpected

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevil

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepression

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsociety

問題3選項

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.

問題4選項

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.

問題5選項

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.WhatquestiondoesJohnKennethGalbraithraiseinhisbookTheAffluentSociety?1.約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在他的《富裕社會》一書中提出了什么問題？

A.Whystatisticsdon’ttellthetruthabouttheeconomy.A.為什么統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)不能反映經(jīng)濟的真相。

B.Whyaffluencedoesn’tguaranteehappiness.B.為什么富裕并不能保證幸福。

C.Howhappinesscanbepromotedtoday.C.如何在今天提升幸福。

D.Whatliesbehindaneconomicboom.D.經(jīng)濟繁榮背后的原因。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第一段第二、三句“為什么越來越多的財富不能帶來越來越多的幸福呢？這個問題至少可以追溯到1958年約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯所著的《富裕社會》一書?！崩斫饪芍?，約翰?肯尼斯?加爾布雷斯在他的《富裕社會》一書中提出了為什么越來越多的財富不能帶來越來越多的幸福這個問題，B項“為什么富裕并不能保證幸?！狈项}意。

【干擾項排除】A項“為什么統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)不能反映經(jīng)濟的真相”、C項“如何在今天提升幸?！焙虳項“經(jīng)濟繁榮背后的原因”都不是在《富裕社會》一書中提出的問題，這三項屬于無中生有。

2.【選項釋義】

2.AccordingtoGalbraith,peoplefeeldiscontentedbecause______.2.加爾布雷斯認為，人們感到不滿是因為______。

A.publicspendinghasn’tbeencutdownasexpectedA.公共支出并沒有像預期的那樣被削減

B.thegovernmenthasprovedtobeanecessaryevilB.政府已經(jīng)被證明是必定邪惡

C.theyareinfearofanotherGreatDepressionC.他們擔心另一場大蕭條

D.materialismhasrunwildinmodernsocietyD.現(xiàn)代社會物質主義泛濫成風

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段第一句“在加爾布雷斯看來，物質主義已經(jīng)變得非常瘋狂（materialismhadgonemad），并且會滋生不滿情緒”理解可知，人們感到不滿是因為物質主義泛濫，該題選擇D項“現(xiàn)代社會物質主義泛濫成風”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“公共支出并沒有像預期的那樣被削減”根據(jù)第三段最后一句“與此同時，本可以讓每個人生活更好的政府開支卻被削減了，因為人們本能地且錯誤地將政府貼上了‘必定邪惡’的標簽”可知，公共支出被削減了，該項屬于反向干擾；

B項“政府已經(jīng)被證明是一個必要的邪惡”，這只是人們?yōu)檎N的標簽，與人們不滿無關，該項屬于曲解原文；

C項“他們擔心另一場大蕭條”沒有提到，該項屬于無中生有。

3.【選項釋義】

3.Whydopeoplefeelsqueezedwhentheiraverageincomerisesconsiderably?3.為什么當平均收入大幅增長時，人們會感到壓力？

A.Theirmaterialpursuitshavegonefaraheadoftheirearnings.A.他們的物質追求遠遠超過了他們的收入。

B.Theirpurchasingpowerhasdroppedmarkedlywithinflation.B.他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降。

C.Thedistributionofwealthisunevenbetweentherichandthepoor.C.財富在富人和窮人之間分配不均。

D.HeathcareandeducationalCosthavesomehowgoneoutofcontrol.D.醫(yī)療保健和教育費用不知何故已失去控制。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第四段最后一句“人們感到‘被擠壓’，因為他們不斷增長的收入往往無法滿足他們不斷增長的需求——更大的房子，更多的醫(yī)療保健，更多的教育，更快的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接”理解可知，人們會感到壓力是因為不斷增長的收入無法滿足不斷增長的物質需求，A項“他們的物質追求遠遠超過了他們的收入”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B項“他們的購買力隨著通貨膨脹而明顯下降”，人們的物質需求不斷增長，也就是說購買力會增加，該項屬于反向干擾；

C項“財富在富人和窮人之間分配不均”和D項“醫(yī)療保健和教育費用不知何故已失去控制”沒有提到，這兩項屬于無中生有。

4.【選項釋義】

4.WhatdoesLouisUchitellemeanby“thedisposableAmerican”(Para.5)?

4.路易斯?烏奇特利在第5段所說的“被拋棄的美國人”是什么意思？

A.Thosewhoseejobstabilityaspartoftheirlivingstandard.A.把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活標準的一部分。

B.Peoplefullofutopianideasresultingfromaffluence.B.因富裕而充滿烏托邦思想的人。

C.PeoplewhohavelittlesayinAmericanpolitics.C.在美國政治上幾乎沒有發(fā)言權的人。

D.Workerswhonolongerhavesecurejobs.D.不再有穩(wěn)定工作的人。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第五段“人們把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活水平的一部分。隨著公司裁員的增加，這部分已經(jīng)被侵蝕。越來越多的工人擔心自己成為‘被拋棄的美國人’，正如路易斯?烏奇特利在他的同名書中所說的那樣?！睆闹欣斫饪芍氨粧仐壍拿绹恕敝傅氖且驗楣静脝T而被迫失業(yè)，即失去穩(wěn)定的工作，D項“不再有穩(wěn)定工作的人”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“把工作穩(wěn)定性視為生活標準的一部分”是成為“被拋棄的美國人”的原因，而不是其暗含的意思，該項屬于曲解原文；

B項“因富裕而充滿烏托邦思想的人”和“被拋棄的美國人”無關，該項屬于出處錯位；

C項“在美國政治上幾乎沒有發(fā)言權的人”原文沒有提到，該項屬于無中生有。

5.【選項釋義】

5.WhathasaffluencebroughttoAmericansociety?5.富裕給美國社會帶來了什么？

A.Renewedeconomicsecurity.A.新的經(jīng)濟安全。

B.Asenseofself-fulfilment.B.自我實現(xiàn)的感覺。

C.Newconflictsandcomplaints.C.新的沖突和抱怨。

D.Miseryandanti-socialbehavior.D.痛苦和反社會行為。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第六段最后一句“不幸的是，富裕也產(chǎn)生了新的抱怨和矛盾”可知，富裕給美國社會帶來了新的抱怨和矛盾，C項“新的沖突和抱怨”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“新的經(jīng)濟安全”和B項“自我實現(xiàn)的感覺”沒有提到，這兩項屬于無中生有；

D項“痛苦和反社會行為”根據(jù)第六段二、三句“在某種程度上，富裕是成功的。身體上的痛苦比以前少了很多。”可知，富裕減輕了痛苦，該項與原文相反，屬于反向干擾。

6.翻譯題

坦白說有壓力是我們所有人正常生活狀態(tài)里的一部分，重要的是我們不能讓壓力攪亂我們的生活，或者讓壓力超出了我們的控制范圍，即使空閑時間是奢侈的，也請擠出幾分鐘或幾小時放松自己，這是自我愛護的重要的部分，那么你就有了理由，喝杯咖啡或是撤銷今晚計劃的理由，最終你擁有了屬于你自己的空間。

【答案】Frankly,thereisstressallofusinanormalpartoflife,butthekeyismakingsureitdoesn’trunourlivesorgrowoutofcontrol.Evenwhenfreetimeisaluxury,squeezeoutafewminutesorhourstorelaxisanimportantpartofself-care.Sothereyouhaveit—anexcusetotakeacoffeebreakorcancelyourplanstonight,andfinallymakesometimeforyou.

7.單選題

Iassureyoutherewasno______motiveinmysuggestion.

問題1選項

A.ulterior

B.stationary

C.vulgar

D.toxic

【答案】A

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.ulterior隱秘的，不可告人的B.stationary固定的，靜止的；定居的

C.vulgar粗俗的，通俗的；本土的D.toxic有毒的，中毒的

【答案】A

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“我向你保證，我的建議沒有______的動機”，從assure（保證）可知，“我的建議并不是有不可告人的動機”，A項詞義符合句子意思。

【干擾項排除】B、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】我向你保證，我的建議并非別有用心。

8.單選題

Humansdifferfromotherspecies（）wepossesshistoryaswellasprehistory,hundredsandhundredsofdiverseculturesandsubcultures,andthepossibilityofinformed,consciouschoice.

問題1選項

A.grantedthat

B.suchas

C.inasmuchas

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項grantedthat“即使；假定”；B選項suchas“比如；諸如”；C選項inasmuchas“由于，因為”；D選項inthat“因為；由于；既然”。句意：人類不同于其他物種，我們擁有歷史和史前史，數(shù)以百計的不同文化和亞文化，以及知情的、有意識的選擇的可能性。由句意可推測出空格處應為“因為”，C選項、D選項均有“因為”的意思，但C選項inasmuchas前需要有逗號，因此D選項正確。

9.翻譯題

美元的貶值使得許多外國投資者購買美國股票更加劃算。這就引發(fā)了來自美國以外的投資者的搶購，特別是日本投資者的搶購。另外，如果貿(mào)易狀況有所好轉，美國公司的競爭力最終將會更加強大。因此，許多投資者購買以出口為導向的美國公司的股票，以期在明年獲得更大的利潤。但這只是當前的一種時髦理念。如果今后幾個季度里美國公司的整體收益令人失望的話，那么，這種狂熱的購買行為就會消失。

【答案】ThedepreciationofU.S.dollarmakesitmorecost-effectiveformanyforeigninvestorstobuyAmericanstocks,whichhastriggeredpanicbuyingbyinvestorsfromoutsidetheUnitedStates,especiallyJapan.Inaddition,ifthetradesituationimproves,Americancompanieswilleventuallybecomemorecompetitive.Asaresult,manyinvestorsarebuyingsharesofexport-orientedU.S.companiesinthehopeofmakinggreaterprofitsnextyear.Butthisisjustafashionableideaatthemoment.IftheoverallearningsofU.S.companiesinthenextfewquartersaredisappointing,thisfreneticbuyingbehaviorwilldisappear.

10.單選題

Onlineservicesthatprovide（）loverssawariseinpopularitybeforetheValentine’sDay,whichiscelebratedeveryyearonFeb14.

問題1選項

A.humble

B.noble

C.radical

D.virtual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項humble表示“謙遜的，簡陋的”，B選項noble表示“高貴的，宏偉的”，C選項radical表示“激進的，根本的，徹底的”，D選項virtual表示“事實上的，（計算機仿真）虛擬的”。由句意可知，情人節(jié)前，網(wǎng)上提供（）情侶的服務日漸增多。由此可知，只有D選項最符合原文句意，virtuallover表示“虛擬情侶”。故本題正確答案為D選項。

11.單選題

Nobodybelieveshemadesuchafoolishmistake.Peoplesayheisvery______.

問題1選項

A.experience

B.career

C.accurate

D.actual

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項experience“經(jīng)驗；閱歷”；B選項career“職業(yè)生涯”；C選項accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”；D選項actual“實際的；（強調(diào)事情最重要的部分）真正的”。句意：沒有人相信他犯了這樣一個愚蠢的錯誤。因為人們認為他非常______。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是在別人眼中，他做事不會行差踏錯，C選項accurate“正確無誤的；精確的”符合題意，指的是他非?？煽?。因此C選項正確。

12.單選題

Aseriesofborderincidentswould（）leadthetwocountriestowar.

問題1選項

A.inevitably

B.consistently

C.uniformly

D.persistently

【答案】A

【解析】inevitably不可避免地,必然地；consistently一貫地,始終如一地；uniformly一致地；persistently固執(zhí)地。句意：一系列的邊境事件將不可避免地導致兩國之間的戰(zhàn)爭。選項A符合句意。

13.單選題

ThearomaofchocolateperfumestheairoftheRued’AssasinParis.EnteringChristianConstant'sstate-of-the-artboutique,youfindyourselfinthekingdomofParis'skingofchocolate,wherethehumblecocoabeanisturnedintomouth-wateringchocolateEastereggs.

Constant,whoisachef,admitsthatchocolateishispassionandmaininterestinlife.HefirstdevelopedafascinationwithchocolatewhenhewasworkingforGastonLenotre,afamousFrenchpastrychef.

EveryyearhehasathemefordecoratingEastereggs:thisyearhisdecorationsareinspiredby“ArtNouveau”.Tonighthehasadinnerfor130toorganizeandhehastoprepareathree-foot-highArtNouveau-styleEastereggbynoontomorrow.This,forConstant,isanormalschedule.

Constantbelievesthathischocolatecreationsareasmuchofaworkofartasothersculptures.Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.Constantisalsoaprofessional“nose”,workingcloselywiththeFrenchInstituteofTaste.Heiscapableofidentifying450differenttastesandflavors.Constantexplainsthatthemouth,whichcanonlytastefourthings—salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.

InhisbookTheTasteofChocolate,heexplainshowin1502ChristopherColumbuscameacrossanislandandwentashore.HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.ButColumbus,whodislikedtheoddbittertaste,continuedonhistravelsignorantofthefactthathehadjusttastedcocoa.LikeColumbus,Constanttravelsthecocoacountrieswherehechecksqualityandworkswithlocalexperts.Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.AccordingtoConstant,VenezuelaandTrinidadhavethebestcocoabeans,whichtheyexportallovertheworldeitherasbeansorascocoa.

Constant,whoisahardworker,onlysleepsthreehoursanight.Hetalkslongintothenightwithmembersofaclubhehasformed.Theclubiscalled“TheChocolateMunchers”.Theirmainofficialactivityistogettogetherformonthlydinnerswheretheyeataverytinydinnerandtonsofchocolatedesserts.

“Iamanaddict,”Constantadmits,“andIdon'twanttobecured!”

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemostinclusivetitleforthepassage?

2.WhatdoesConstantdonow?

3.Constant’snewly-openedbusiness（）.

4.Theunderlinedpart“Constantisalsoa...?nose?”means（）.

5.AccordingtoConstant,（）.

問題1選項

A.Chocolate—ThePassionofaLifetime.

B.TheChocolateMunchersClub.

C.Chocolate—ANewArtForm.

D.TheLastWordinGoodTaste.

問題2選項

A.HeworksforaFrenchpastrychef.

B.Heownshisownrestaurantandtearoom.

C.HeisasculptorforamuseuminParis.

D.HeisachefintheInstituteofTaste.

問題3選項

A.provideschocolateswithvariousflavors

B.exhibitsallofhischocolatesculptures

C.oftenneedstoprepareabigEasterdinner

D.servesasanationalmonumentinParis

問題4選項

A.hebelieveshehasthebestnoseintheworld

B.hisnosecantastesalt,sweet,acidandbitter

C.hisnosecanidentifyvarioustastesandflavors

D.heiscapableofsmellingflavorsfromalongdistance

問題5選項

A.ancientIndiansusedcocoabeansaslocalcurrency

B.Columbuscheckedthequalityofcocoabeansindifferentplaces

C.chocolateaddictionmakespeoplesleepless

D.thequalityofcocoabeansvariesfromregiontoregion

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)全文，文章主要在描述廚師康斯坦丁和巧克力的故事，講述了他對熱衷于做巧克力，并且寫了一本有關于巧克力的書，整篇文章都表現(xiàn)了他對巧克力獨特的熱愛，選項A符合題意。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Itis,therefore,understandablethattherestaurant,whichheopenedlastmonth,issituatedintheNationalMonumentsMuseuminParis.Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.”，可知康斯坦丁上個月開了餐廳，白天的時候這家餐廳就成為茶室，提供各式的巧克力。選項B符合題意。

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Duringthedaytherestaurantisatearoomandofferschocolateineveryimaginableform.Customerscanchoosefromaselectionofsweetchocolatedessertsortrythemoreexoticspicychocolates.”可知，他新開的餐廳的特點，白天是一個茶室，提供各種巧克力，并且可以選擇各種口味的巧克力。選項A符合題意。

4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Constantisalsoaprofessional…whichcanonlytastefourthings~salt,sweet,acidandbitter—is“stupid”incomparisontothenose.Hebelievesthatthenoseiseverything.”，可知康斯坦特可以用鼻子分辨出各種不同的氣味，他認為嘴只能嘗出四種味道。所以這句話是指他的鼻子能分辨不同的味道。選項C符合題意。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段，“HewasgreetedbyanIndianchiefbearinggiftsamongwhichwerehugesacksofbeanswhichColumbusthoughtwaslocalcurrency.Tohissurprise,theypreparedadrinkforhim.”，可知Columbus以為可可豆是當?shù)氐呢泿?，后來才知道，原來是一種飲料，所以排除A選項。根據(jù)文章第五段，“Qualitycanvarydependingontheregion,year,andmethodofpreparation.”，可可的質量因地區(qū)、年份和制作方法各異。選項D符合題意。

14.單選題

Inordertoexplainthesocioeconomicachievement,inthefaceofdisadvantagesduetoracialdiscriminationofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantstotheUnitedStatesandtheirdescendants,sociologistshavetypicallyappliedeitherculturallybasedorstructurallybasedtheories—butneverbothtogether.Touseaneconomicmetaphor,culturallybasedexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthesupplysideofthelabormarket,emphasizingthequalitiesimmigrantgroupsbringwiththemforcompetitionintheUnitedStateslabormarket.Suchexplanationsreflectahuman-capitalperspectiveinwhichstatusattainmentisseenasaresultofindividuals’abilitytogenerateresources.Structurallybasedexplanations,ontheotherhand,examinethemarketconditionoftheimmigrants’hostsociety,particularlyitsdiscriminatorypracticesandtheirimpactonthestatusattainmentprocessofimmigrantgroups.Intheeconomicmetaphor,structuralexplanationsasserttheimportanceofthedemandsideofthelabormarket.

InordertounderstandthesocioeconomicmobilityofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants,onlyananalysisofsupply-sideanddemand-sidefactorstogether,inthecontextofhistoricalevents,willsuffice.Ontheculturalorsupplyside,differencesinimmigrationpatternandfamilyformationresultedindifferentratesofsocioeconomicachievementforChineseandJapaneseimmigrants.Forvariousreasons,Chineseimmigrantsremainedsojournersanddidnot(exceptforurbanmerchants)establishfamilies.Theywerealsohamperedbyethnicconflictinthelabormarket.Japaneseimmigrants,ontheotherhand,werelessconstrained,madethetransitionfromsojournertosettlerwithinthefirsttwodecadesofimmigration,andleftlow-wagelabortoestablishsmallbusinessesbasedonahouseholdmodeofproduction.Chinesesojournerswithoutfamiliesweremorevulnerabletodemoralization,whereasJapaneseimmigrantsfacedsocietalhostilitywiththeemotionalresourcesprovidedbyastablefamilylife.OnceChineseimmigrantsbegantoestablishnuclearfamiliesandproduceasecondgeneration,institutinghouseholdproductionsimilartothatestablishedbyJapaneseimmigrants,theirsocioeconomicattainmentsoonparalleledthatofJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

Onthestructuralordemandside,changesininstitutionalconstraints,immigrationlaws,labormarkets,andsocietalhostilitywererootedinthedynamicsofcapitalisteconomicdevelopment.Earlycapitalistdevelopmentgeneratedademandforlow-wagelaborthatcouldnotbefulfilled.EarlyChineseandJapaneseimmigrationwasaresponsetothisdemand.Inanadvancedcapitalisteconomy,thedemandforimmigrantlaborismoredifferentiated:skilledprofessionalandtechnicallaborfillsemptypositionsintheprimarylabormarketand,withthetraditionalunskilledlow-wagelabor,createstwoimmigrantsteams.ThehighlevelsofeducationattainedbythedescendantsofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirconcentrationinstrategicstatessuchasCaliforniapavedthewayforthemovementofthesecondgenerationintotheexpandingprimarylabormarketintheadvancedcapitalisteconomythatexistedaftertheSecondWorldWar.

56.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

57.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith______.

58.Whichoneofthefollowingcanbestbedescribedasasupply-sideelementinthelabormarket,assuchelementsareexplainedinthepassage?

59.ItcanbeinferredthatwhichoneofthefollowingwasanelementoftheexperienceofbothChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsintheUnitedStates?

60.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthor’sanalysisofthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantsdiffersfromthatofmostsociologistsprimarilyinthatmostsociologists______.

問題1選項

A.OnlyananalysisthatcombinesanexaminationofthecultureofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantgroupsandthesocioeconomicstructureofthehostcountrycanadequatelyexplainthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

B.ThesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantshastakenplaceinthecontextofaculturallybasedemphasisontheeconomicwelfareofthenuclearfamily.

C.ThesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendantsisbestexplainedbyanexaminationoftheirculturalbackgrounds,inparticulartheirlevelofeducationalattainment.

D.OnlythemarketstructureofthecapitalisteconomyoftheUnitedStatesinwhichsupplyhashistoricallybeenregulatedbydemandcanaccountforthesocioeconomicachievementofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.

問題2選項

A.resolvingthedifferencesbetweenschoolsofthought

B.challengingatentativeanswertoaquestion

C.advancingasynthesisofapproachestoanissue

D.outliningtheachievementsofagroup

問題3選項

A.Developmentofanadvancedcapitalisteconomy.

B.Highvalueplacedbyimmigrantsonwork.

C.Concentrationofsmallbusinessesinagivengeographicalarea.

D.Needforworkerswithvaryingdegreesofskill.

問題4選項

A.Slowaccumulationofcapital.

B.Rapidestablishmentofnuclearfamilies.

C.Rapidacquisitionoftechnicalskills.

D.Initialstatusassojourners.

問題5選項

A.emphasizethedisadvantageouseffectsofracialdiscrimination

B.focusonasingletypeoftheoreticalexplanation

C.addresstheeffectsoftheinteractionofcausalfactors

D.excludethefactorofadevelopingcapitalisteconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】56.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“下列哪個選項最好地表達了這篇文章的主要思想？”。文章主要講的是中日移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟成就。文章第二段首句提到InordertounderstandthesocioeconomicmobilityofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants,onlyananalysisofsupply-sideanddemand-sidefactorstogether,inthecontextofhistoricalevents,willsuffice.（要了解中日移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟流動性，在歷史事件的背景下，只有將供給側和需求側因素結合起來分析才足夠。），由此可知，為了了解中國和日本移民者以及他們后裔的社會經(jīng)濟流動性，只要做出一個在歷史事件的背景下的供應方和需求方的因素分析就足夠了；故A項“只有結合考察中國和日本移民群體的文化和東道國的社會經(jīng)濟結構的分析，才能充分解釋中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟成就”正確。B項“中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟成就，是在強調(diào)核心家庭經(jīng)濟福利的文化背景下取得的”，第二段最后一句提到OnceChineseimmigrantsbegantoestablishnuclearfamiliesandproduceasecondgeneration,institutinghouseholdproductionsimilartothatestablishedbyJapaneseimmigrants,theirsocioeconomicattainmentsoonparalleledthatofJapaneseimmigrantsandtheirdescendants.（一旦中國移民開始建立核心家庭并產(chǎn)生了第二代，建立了與日本移民相似的家庭生產(chǎn)，他們的社會經(jīng)濟成就很快與日本移民及其后代并立。），由此可知在文化背景下，中日移民的社會經(jīng)濟成就是由于建立了家庭生產(chǎn)，但這只是供給側方面的因素，另外還有需求側方面的因素，所以B項不正確。C項“對中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟成就，最好的解釋是考察他們的文化背景，特別是他們的教育程度”，文化背景只是供給側的一部分因素，只在文章第二段出現(xiàn)，因此C選項太片面。D項“只有美國資本主義經(jīng)濟的市場結構，在歷史上供給是由需求調(diào)節(jié)的，才能解釋中國和日本移民及其后代的社會經(jīng)濟成就”，這里進行的是需求側方面的分析，只在文章第三段出現(xiàn)，D項也很片面。因此該題選A。

57.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“作者主要關心的是什么？”。文章開篇指出Inordertoexplainthesocioeconomicachievement,inthefaceofdisadvantagesduetoracialdiscriminationofChineseandJapaneseimmigrantstotheUnitedStatesandth