高中英語語法動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)2各時(shí)態(tài)的介紹與舉例1考點(diǎn)全析3時(shí)態(tài)辨析構(gòu)成形式一般體完成體進(jìn)行體完成進(jìn)行體現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行過去時(shí)一般過去過去完成過去進(jìn)行過去完成進(jìn)行將來時(shí)一般將來將來完成將來進(jìn)行將來完成進(jìn)行過去將來時(shí)一般過去將來過去將來完成過去將來進(jìn)行過去將來完成進(jìn)行體時(shí)考點(diǎn)全析體時(shí)一般體完成體進(jìn)行體完成進(jìn)行體現(xiàn)在時(shí)Do/doesHave/has

doneAm/is/arengDo/does過去時(shí)DidHad

doneWas/wereng將來時(shí)Will/shall

doWill/shall

have

doneShall/will

beng過去將來時(shí)Should/woulddo一般過去時(shí)(simple

past

tense)用法：發(fā)生在過去，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)：V-ed或特殊結(jié)構(gòu)nowthenpractice（12 ）Thethreeofus

around

Europe

for

aboutamonthlast

ledC.had

travelledB.havetravelledD.travel（11山東）When

I

got

on

the

bus,

I

I

had

left

my

wallet

athome.A.

was

realizingC.

haverealizedrealizedD.

would

realize現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（話里有話）用法：發(fā)生于過去，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān).結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+done影響性

持續(xù)性She

has

been

a

teacher

for

20

years.I

have

finished

my

work．在“未完成”的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，動(dòng)作是從過去一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，因此動(dòng)詞一定是持續(xù)性的，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不具備這個(gè)特點(diǎn)。因此，非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（表示已完成的動(dòng)作），卻不可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用！I

have

bought

the

car

for

two

months.I

have

had/kept

the

car

for

twomonths.X但非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在否定句中，可以和段時(shí)間狀語連用，表示一種狀態(tài)，狀態(tài)是可以延續(xù)的表示“沒有見面’這一狀態(tài)I

haven’t

seen

youfor

ages.非延續(xù)----延續(xù)Begin---be

onleave----be

away

fromdie---be

deadbuy---havearrive---be

hereCome----be

hereGo

----be

awayBorrow---keepReturn---be

back.在時(shí)間條件狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來完成意義He

will

come

assoon

ashe

has

finished

theIf

you

have

read

the

book

before

I

leave

,

please

lend

itto

me.（10safely.1）When

you

arehome,

give

a

callto

let

me

know

you

A.

arearrivingC.

had

arrived.

have

arrivedD.

will

arrive（09 2）Progress

so

far

very

good

and

we

sure

thatthe

work

will

be

finished

ontime.A.

was B.

hadbeen

C has

been D.

will

be（13濟(jì)南一模）---Are

you

coming

to

the

party?---No,I

.A．hadn'tinvitedC．wasn't

invitedB．didn't

invite．haven't

been

invited一般過去與現(xiàn)在完成的區(qū)別I

lostmy

key.I

have

lost

my

key.已完未完(13濟(jì)寧一模)---you

seem

to

be

familiar

with

thiscity.---I

here

for

three

years.

It’s

great

to

be

back.A

havelived

lived C

had

lived

D

liveB:then

A:now高考(

07福建)Danny

hard

for

long

to

realize

his

dream

and

now

heis

popular.A.

works.

hasworkedB.

isworkingD.

worked(2013濟(jì)南二模)She

is

a

well-known

doctor

now,but

she

as

a

cleaner

at

the

hospital

for

five

years．A．has

workedC．had

workedworkedD．workswriteslive特殊用法1、客觀真理、事實(shí)Light

travels

faster

than

sound.The

moon

runs

around

the

earth.2、規(guī)定發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（離開、起飛、

表、日程表）leave

,arrive

,start,

stay

,return

,begin

,

come等Thetrain

arrives

at

10:30.

There’s

plenty

of

time.3、用于比賽、劇情介紹、書報(bào)標(biāo)題、故事的敘述.Jack

throws

the

ball

toJohn

and

John

catches

it

.He

sits

down,

shivers

a

little.

Clock

outside

strikes

twelve.4、時(shí)間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，表將來動(dòng)作.When

you

meet

him, l

himto

come

to

my

place.But

we

won’t

go

if

it

rains.高考(10 )In

the

spoken

English

of

some

areas

in

the

US,

the

"r"of

the

words

.B.

dropsoundsatare

droppedC.

are

being

droppedD.

have

dropped（09福建）According

to

the

literary

review,Shakespeare

his

characters

live

through

their

language

in

his

plays.A. will

makeC.

was

makingB.

had

made.

makes現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)正在進(jìn)are

singingarebuilding高考（11重慶）That

pieceofmusicsounds

quitefamiliar.Who

the

pianoupstairs?A.has

played B.

played C.

plays D.

is

p

ying（08重慶）

Teenagers

their

healthbecause

they

playcomputer

games

too

much.A.

have

damaged .

aredamaging C.

damaged D.

will

damageis

arrivingare

leavingare

comingarestaying高考(12湖南)“Themoment

soon,”

he

thought

to

himself,

waitingnervously.A．came B．has

come C．was

coming is

coming(12重慶).Food sintheflood-stricken

area

We

must

actimmedia y

before

there’s

nothing

left.A.have

runoutC.

have

been

run

out.are

running

outD.

are

being

run

outisthinkingofaredisturbing現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has

been

ng要點(diǎn)：動(dòng)作從故去某時(shí)開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，是否再繼續(xù)，再來看題意have

been

lookinghas

been

teaching動(dòng)作剛停止動(dòng)作還在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行高考（11）Tom

in

the

library

every

night

over

thelast

threemonths.A.

worksC.

havebeen

workingB.

workedD.

had

been

working(11 )When

Alice

came

to（醒來）,she

did

not

knowhow

long

she

there.A.

had

been

lyingC.

was

lyingB has

beenlyingD.has

lain特殊用法---帶情感She’s

been

saying

that

twenty

times.He

has

been

calling

on

her

severaltimes

this

week.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)區(qū)別I

haveread HarryPotter.我讀過哈利波特

(動(dòng)作完成)I

have

been

reading

Harry

Potter.我一直在讀哈利波特 （動(dòng)作未完成，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間持續(xù)性），著重結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在完成表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)于非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，

現(xiàn)在完成強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完進(jìn)行，動(dòng)作的持久性。狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞、知覺動(dòng)詞或情感動(dòng)詞，如see,feel,know,love等，不可用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)“一直”，或現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，但feel可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I

have

known

her

foralong

time.我認(rèn)識(shí)他很久了I

have

been

knowning

her

for

a

long

time.X過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was

writingweredigging過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊用法1.表將來Go

，come

，stay

，

leave

，

start

，

begin

，

arrive，

return

，

fly

，drive,stop等非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞She

told

methat

she

was

leaving

for

Italythe

next

day.2.帶感

彩.與always,forever,constantly,continually,all

the

time等副詞連用.She

was

always

ringing

me

up

when

I

was

inLondon.My

brother

was

always

losing

his

key.高考（10 1）—

Have

you

finished

reading

Jane

Eyre?—

N0,

Iwas

ngmyB.

would

doD.

doall

dayyesterday.C.

had

done要點(diǎn)：過去的過去|

||

>那時(shí)以前 那時(shí)現(xiàn)在過去完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：had

done.特殊用法判斷依據(jù)明顯的時(shí)間狀語---by的3種形式從句中有明顯的動(dòng)作先后—從句固定句式practice---時(shí)間狀語She

had

learnt

2000

English

wordsby

of

last

month.I

had

reachedthe

stationbefore

six

o’clock.I

had

finished

reading

the

novel

by

nine

o'clock

last

night.practice---從句They

had

already

put

the

fire

outwhen

I

returned

tothevillage.（狀語從句）She

said

that

she

had

seen

the

film

before.（賓語從句）若有主從兩個(gè)句，先后動(dòng)作分別敘。哪個(gè) 哪“完成”，哪個(gè)在后哪“過去”.固定句式1、在hardly/scarcely...when;nosooner...than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)I

had

hardly

finished

my

work

when

hecame

to

see

me.注意2、表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過去時(shí)，從句用過去完成時(shí)Itwas

the timethathe

had

ever

spoken

to

a

foreignerHardly,no

sooner至于句首構(gòu)成部分倒裝No

sooner

had

I

arrived

home

than

theephone

rang.高考Did

Linda

see

the

trafficaccident?(No,nosooner

than

it

happened.2006).

had

she

goneC.

has

shegoneB.

she

had

goneD.

she

hasgone（11福建）Last

month,

the

Japanese ernment

expressedtheirthanks

fortheaid

they

From

China.A.

receiveC.have

receivedB.are

receivinghad

received(11遼寧)By

thetime

Jackreturned

home

from

England,his

son

fromcollege.A.graduatedC.had

beenB.hasgraduatedD had

graduated(10

)一Were

you

surprised

by ing

of

thefilm?一No.I

the

book,so

I

already

knew

the

story.A.

was

reading had

read C.

amreading D.

haveread特殊用法如Hope，wish，plan,want,mean,intend,attempt,think,expect等表示“打算、計(jì)劃、希望、試圖、認(rèn)為”I

had

intendedto

come

over

to

see

you,

butwas

preventedfrom ngso.I

had

hoped

to

sendhim

a

Christmas

card,

but

I

forgot

todo

so.They

had

wanted

to

help

but

could

not

get

here

intime.現(xiàn)在完成與過去完成的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成：以現(xiàn)在作為基點(diǎn)。（句中不可有過去特定時(shí)間的狀語）過去完成：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)。（句中有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語）She

had

been

ill

for

a

week

beforeshe

cameback.She

has

been

ill

for

a

week.過去將來時(shí)從過去某一時(shí)刻為起點(diǎn)，將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)Would/should+doWas/were

going

to

+do?11年

34.Didyoupredictthat

many

students

up

for

thedance

competition?would

sign B.

signedC.

have

signed D.

had

signed要點(diǎn)：將來的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).shall用于第一人稱，will通用一般將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：shall/will+動(dòng)原I

will

take

you

theretomorrow.Later

I

shall l

you

about

some

of

the

work

I

have

done.注意：willWill做情態(tài)“決心、意愿”非助動(dòng)詞If

you

won’t

listen

to

us

,

just

do

as

you

please.Will和be

going

to