2022-2023學(xué)年高中英語 Unit 5 Working the Land（課時1）課件 新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

Unit5WorkingtheLandPeriod1

ReadingandThinking教材必備知識精練一、選詞填空(使用正確的形式)1.Successinlifedoesn'thappenbyaccident,whichistheresultof

yourtimeandenergy

whatyou'vesetouttodo.

2.Ithankallmyfriendsandrelativeswho

andsupportedmewhenIwasinhospital.

3.Throughmyefforts,IbecameanAstudentandeventually

ofbeingadmittedtomyidealuniversity.

4.WhilehisChinesewas

perfect,thestudentswerewillingtocommunicatewithhimandlistentohislectures.

答案1.devoting;to

2.caredfor3.fulfilledmydream 4.farfromdevote...to...,becomprisedof,deepdown,dreamup,farfrom,carefor,fulfillone'sdream,openup5.Einstein'stheoryofrelativityseemedhardtobelievewhenhefirstintroducedit,butitreally

thedevelopmentofmodernphysics.

6.

,Ibelievethathardworkwillleadtosuccess,soIwillgoaheadanddevotemyselftowork.

7.Life

notonlysunshinebutalsostormsandwemustbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.

8.He

theelementsofthenovelandwrotethemdowninhisnotebook.

答案5.openedup 6.Deepdown7.iscomprisedof 8.dreamedupdevote...to...,becomprisedof,deepdown,dreamup,farfrom,carefor,fulfillone'sdream,openup二、單句語法填空1.Theytriedtofinishtheproject,theoneonwhichthemosttime

(spend)sincelastSeptember.

2.ItwastwodaysafterIarrivedtherethatIfoundthevillagersfacedwithasevere

(short)ofdrinkingwater.

3.Johnson's

speechwonhimawidefaithfulaudienceandIwasalso

ofhisopinions.(convince)

答案1.hasbeenspent考查主謂一致、時態(tài)和語態(tài)。本句中定語從句的主語是themosttime,故從句謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù),且從句主語與spend之間是被動關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用被動語態(tài);再依據(jù)sincelastSeptember可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。2.shortage考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)空前的a及空后的of可知,空處應(yīng)用名詞。ashortageof...意為"……不足/短缺"。3.convincing;convinced考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。由語境可知,第一空表示"有說服力的",故填convincing;第二空表示"堅信;深信",故填convinced。4.AftericewasdiscoveredonMars,somescientistsmadethe

(assume)thatlivingthingsmightexistonit.

5.

(overcome)bycuriosity,theboylookedoutofthewindow,onlytofindsomeonewastryingtobreakintohisneighbor'shouse.

答案4.assumption考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)冰后,一些科學(xué)家設(shè)想火星上可能有生物存在。根據(jù)空前的the并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)填名詞,that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句解釋說明空處的內(nèi)容;makeanassumption意為"作出假設(shè)"。5.Overcome考查非謂語動詞。句意:這個男孩被好奇心驅(qū)使,向窗外望去,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)有人正在試圖強行闖入他鄰居的房子。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為非謂語,與句子主語theboy之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用過去分詞作狀語。6.ItwassurprisingthatinsomeregionsofAmericathemoneyspentoneducatingablackchildwasjustonefourthof

spentonawhitechild.

7.Theheatisthe

(character)weatherofthesummerinmyhometownwhileinwinteritisusuallyquitecold.

答案6.that考查代詞。結(jié)合句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處代替前面提到的themoney,為避免重復(fù),故填that?！局R拓展】在一個句子中,為避免重復(fù),可用代詞that來代替前面所提到的事物,相當(dāng)于"the+單數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞"。如果前面提到的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,后面就用those來代替。例如:Thesweaterhewearstodayisdifferentfromthatheworeyesterday.他今天穿的毛衣和昨天穿的不一樣。Thestudyofidiomsisasimportantasthatofgrammar.學(xué)習(xí)成語和學(xué)習(xí)語法一樣重要。Thedaysinsummerarelongerthanthoseinwinter.夏季的白天時間要比冬季的長一些。7.characteristic考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:在我的家鄉(xiāng),高溫是夏季的典型天氣;而在冬天,天氣通常相當(dāng)寒冷。根據(jù)空前的the和空后的名詞weather并結(jié)合句意可知,空處應(yīng)填形容詞修飾weather,意為"典型的,獨特的",故填characteristic。三、翻譯句子1.實際上,獨自到國外旅行并不像我想象的那么難。(as+adj./adv.+as)Actually,travelingabroadaloneisnot

.

2.為了解決水資源不足的問題,我們必須盡可能地節(jié)約用水。(不定式作目的狀語,tackle,shortage)Wehavetosaveasmuchwateraspossible

.

3.要說服人們停止煤炭消耗是很困難的。(convince,consumption)

答案1.asdifficultasIimagined本題考查"as+adj./adv.+as"結(jié)構(gòu),表示"和……一樣……",為同級比較。2.totackletheproblemofthewatershortage根據(jù)提示及句意可知,空處用不定式作目的狀語;tackle可表示"應(yīng)付,處理,解決(難題或局面)",相當(dāng)于handle或dealwith。3.It'sveryhardtoconvincepeopletostopcoalconsumption.此處convince意為"說服,勸服",convincesb.todosth.意為"說服某人做某事"。4.據(jù)估計,這項治理水污染的工程至少要耗費三年的時間。(estimate)

theprojecttocontrolwaterpollutionwilltakeatleast3years.

5.盡管這三個團隊采取了不同的方法解決這個問題,他們最終都成功了。(despite)

thethreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem,theyallsucceededintheend.

6.考慮到她對教學(xué)感興趣,我可以肯定這一職位是最適合她的。(giventhat)

,I'msurethepositionisthemostsuitableforher.

答案4.Itisestimatedthat

Itisestimatedthat...是固定句型,意為"據(jù)估計……",其中It是形式主語,that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。5.Despitethefactthat

despite是介詞,despitethefactthat...表示"盡管……",其中that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,解釋說明thefact的內(nèi)容。6.Giventhatsheisinterestedinteaching

giventhat的意思是"考慮到,鑒于",相當(dāng)于considering。學(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力構(gòu)建一、完形填空

主題語境:人與自我語篇類型:記敘文難度:中[2022重慶七中月考]Sometimes,Ilongtobelostina"memorymeal",bitingintooneofthenostalgic(懷舊的)foodsIenjoyedasachild.Asavegetarian(素食主義者),sometastyfoodlikefriedbaconisnolongermy

1

,butoldmemoriesdiehard.Oneday,afteramealoflocallygrownorganicfood,Ifoundmyself

2

somethingfatty,crisp—bacon.

Backthen,bacon

3

enteredmyhouse.Whenitdid,itwasanevent.Iwouldstandexcitedlyinthekitchen,watchingMomcompletethe

4

workwithastrongwoodyscent.Whenitwasready,Ialwaysslowlytookevery

5

ofthelittlefattycurlsandwantedmore.Itwouldbe1.A.problem B.exception C.option D.condition2.A.expecting B.resisting C.cooking D.handling3.A.frequently B.rarely

C.roughly D.completely4.A.eye-catching B.mouth-watering

C.heart-stopping D.time-consuming5.A.step B.grab C.idea D.bitemonthsbeforethenextbacon

6

enteredmyhome.

Ihadnottastedbaconinyears,butthemomentI

7

mydesireforit,myhusbandRonbegan

8

thegrocerystoresforthebest"fakebacon"thatcould

9

thecarefreeeatingofmychildhood.Howcouldhecookthatsoy(豆制品)sothatitwould

10

thetastesofmyyoungeryears?

11

,Ronmadeitthenextmorning.

AfterRon

12

the"bacon"tomeasifhewerehandingmeagoldencrown,Iclosedmyeyesandtookabigbite.Thesoyactuallysmelledandtastedlikebacon.Ithoughtofmyparents.Mymomwasneveramorningperson,butshe

13

tothecookingtimewhenbaconwasonthe6.A.display B.treat C.deal D.purchase7.A.forgot B.distracted C.mentioned D.described8.A.adopting B.buying C.searching D.leaving9.A.bringback B.putback C.payback D.winback10.A.shift B.hide C.influence D.reproduce11.A.Incredibly B.Probably C.Constantly D.Practically12.A.threw B.put C.explained D.presented13.A.rose B.failed C.objected D.camemenu.Myfatherwoulddelaygoingtoworkforhalfanhourandenjoythe

14

luxurywithus.SuddenlyIrealizeditdidn'tmatterwhetherIwaseatingporkorsoy—the

15

themselveswerejustdelicious.

14.A.ordinary B.regular C.occasional D.abnormal15.A.attempts B.memories C.benefits D.offers答案【解題導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作為素食主義者,作者在嘗到了很多年沒吃過的煎培根的味道之后,突然意識到,不是培根好吃,而是和家人一起吃培根的記憶很美好?！局攸c詞語鏈接】

1.belostin全神貫注于,沉浸于ForthefirsttimeinmylifeIwaslostintheworldofbooks.我有生以來第一次沉浸在書的世界里。2.diehard(習(xí)慣或觀念)難以改掉,很難擺脫Oldhabitsdiehard.積習(xí)難改。語篇精讀答案1.C根據(jù)空前的"Asavegetarian(素食主義者)"可知,作者是一個素食主義者,所以作者不會選擇吃培根。2.A根據(jù)下文中的"butthemomentI

7

mydesireforit"可知,作者期望吃培根。desire與expect是同義詞。

3.B根據(jù)下文中的"Whenitdid,itwasanevent"以及"Itwouldbemonthsbeforethenextbacon

6

enteredmyhome"可知,作者家很少吃培根。frequently"頻繁地";rarely"罕有,很少,不常";roughly"粗略地";completely"完全地"。故選B項。

4.B根據(jù)下文中的"withastrongwoodyscent"以及"andwantedmore"可知,做培根時有濃烈的香味,作者吃完培根還想再吃,故可推測做培根是一個讓人流口水的工作。eye-catching"惹人注意的,引人注目的";mouth-watering"令人垂涎的,非常好吃的";heart-stopping"使人非常興奮的,令人十分擔(dān)憂的";time-consuming"耗時的"。5.D結(jié)合語境及選項可知,takeabiteof..."咬一口……"符合文意。下文中的"Iclosedmyeyesandtookabigbite"也是提示,bite是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。6.B結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指數(shù)月之后才會再有吃培根的日子。treat"(尤指不經(jīng)常吃的)美味食物"符合語境。7.C根據(jù)下文中的"myhusbandRonbegan

8

thegrocerystoresforthebest‘fakebacon’"可知,此處是指作者向丈夫提起(mentioned)自己想吃培根。

8.C此處表示丈夫聽了作者的話,就去搜尋(searching)各個雜貨店給她買最好的"fakebacon"。答案9.A根據(jù)空后的"thecarefreeeatingofmychildhood"可推知,丈夫想買到能使作者回想起童年味道的"fakebacon"。bringback"使回憶起,使想起";putback"把……放回原處,推遲";payback"償還";winback"重新獲得"。10.D根據(jù)下文中的"Thesoyactuallysmelledandtastedlikebacon"可知,作者的丈夫?qū)⒍怪破放腼兊煤驼媾喔粯?可推知此處表示"他如何烹飪豆制品才能使豆制品再現(xiàn)我兒時的味道呢?"shift"轉(zhuǎn)變";hide"隱藏";influence"影響";reproduce"再現(xiàn)"。11.A結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是指作者對丈夫能把豆制品做出和培根一樣的味道這件事感到難以置信。Incredibly"難以置信地"。12.D根據(jù)下文中的"asifhewerehandingmeagoldencrown"可知,此處是指丈夫把"培根"端給作者。13.A根據(jù)上文中的"Mymomwasneveramorningperson"可知,此處是指作者的母親雖然不是早起型的人,但她在做培根的那天會早起。14.C根據(jù)上文可知,作者一家很少吃培根,故此處用occasional"偶爾的"。15.B根據(jù)文章第一句"Sometimes,Ilongtobelostina‘memorymeal’"可知,此處填memories"回憶"符合語境,memory是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。二、語法填空

主題語境:人與社會語篇類型:記敘文難度:中In2021,ChinesescientistYuanLongpingpassedawayinahospitalinChangshaattheageof91.YuanspenthisliferesearchingriceandwasahouseholdnameinChina,1.

(know)asthe"fatherofhybridrice".Worldwide,afifthofallricenow2.

(come)fromspeciescreatedbyhybridricefollowingYuan'sgroundbreakingdiscoveries.

Onthatsadday,largecrowdshonoredthescientist3.

marchingpastthehospitalinChangsha4.

hepassedaway,callingout5.

(phrase)suchas"GrandpaYuan,haveagoodjourney!"

In6.

1970s,Yuandevelopedahybridstrainofricethatrecordedanannualyield20%7.

(high)thanexistingvarieties—meaningitcouldfeedanextra70millionpeopleayear.HisworkhelpedtransformChinafromfooddeficiency(缺乏)tofoodsecuritywithinthreedecades.

Yuanandhisteamworkedwithdozensofcountriesaroundtheworld8.

(address)issuesoffoodsecurity.Eveninhislateryears,Yuandidnotstopdoingresearch.In2017,workingwithaHunan9.

(agriculture)academy,histeamhelpedcreateastrainoflow-cadmium(低鎘)indicariceforareassufferingfromheavymetalpollution,10.

(reduce)theamountofcadmiuminricebymorethan90%.

答案【解題導(dǎo)語】

"雜交水稻之父"袁隆平于2021年逝世,享年91歲。本文主要介紹了袁隆平的偉大成就。1.known考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處應(yīng)填非謂語動詞。因know與主語Yuan之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,故用所給詞的過去分詞。2.comes考查時態(tài)。由空前的now可知本句講的是當(dāng)前的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時。3.by考查介詞。大批群眾通過列隊經(jīng)過長沙的這家醫(yī)院向這位科學(xué)家致敬。表示"通過(某種方式)",應(yīng)用介詞by。4.where考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為thehospitalinChangsha,空處在從句中作地點狀語,所以用where引導(dǎo)定語從句。5.phrases考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。phrase為可數(shù)名詞,且空前沒有限定詞,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。6.the考查冠詞。inthe1970s意為"在20世紀70年代"。表示"某個世紀幾十年代",年份前應(yīng)用定冠詞。7.higher考查比較級。在20世紀70年代,袁隆平培育了一種雜交水稻品種,其年產(chǎn)量比現(xiàn)有品種高20%。根據(jù)語境及空后的than可知,此處應(yīng)用比較級。8.toaddress考查非謂語動詞。袁和他的團隊與世界上幾十個國家合作,以便解決糧食安全問題。由語境可知,此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式表目的。9.agricultural考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎椕~academy,應(yīng)用形容詞作定語。agricultural"農(nóng)業(yè)的"。10.reducing考查非謂語動詞。在2017年,他的團隊與湖南的一個農(nóng)業(yè)研究院合作,為重金屬污染嚴重的地區(qū)培育了一種低鎘秈稻,減少了水稻中90%以上的鎘含量。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用動詞-ing形式表示自然而然的結(jié)果。Period2

LearningAboutLanguage教材必備知識精練一、語法專練(一)用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞填空1.Itisamazingtous

ancientcraftsmenwereabletocarvesuchagiantBuddha.

2.

weneedmoredrinkandfooddependsonhowmanyguestswillcometothepartythisevening.

3.

wewillspendoursummerholidayisstilluncertainnow,butIpersonallyhopetogotoaseasidecity.

答案1.that句意:令我們驚訝的是,古代的工匠能夠雕刻出如此巨大的佛像。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,本句中的It為形式主語,空處引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語,因為從句意義完整,不缺成分,故應(yīng)填that。

2.Whether句意:我們是否需要更多的飲料和食物取決于今晚有多少客人參加聚會。本句的謂語部分是dependson,因此該空引導(dǎo)的是主語從句,結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填Whether。3.Where句意:我們將在哪里度過我們的暑假現(xiàn)在還不確定,但我個人希望去一個海濱城市。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

wewillspendoursummerholiday"為主語從句;再由句意可知,此處應(yīng)填Where。

4.

somestudentsdidn'trealizewasthattheirtimewasslippingawayinsensibly.

5.

wantstobeavolunteerinthesportsmeetingshouldgetpreparedbeforethisFriday.

6.Itiswidelybelievedthat

wetreattheearthdetermines

lifewewillface.

答案4.What句意:一些學(xué)生沒有意識到的是,他們的時間不知不覺地溜走了?？仗幰龑?dǎo)主語從句,在從句中作賓語,表示"……的事物",故填What。5.Whoever句意:無論誰想在運動會上做志愿者,都應(yīng)該在本周五之前做好準備。根據(jù)句意并分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該空引導(dǎo)主語從句且在從句中作主語,表示"……的任何人",故填Whoever。6.how;what句意:人們普遍認為,我們?nèi)绾螌Υ厍驔Q定了我們將面對什么樣的生活。第一空引導(dǎo)主語從句,根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示方式,故填how;第二空引導(dǎo)賓語從句,且在從句中作定語修飾life,意為"什么",故填what。7.

beautycomesfromwithiniswidelyacceptedintoday'ssociety.Therefore,weshouldattachgreatimportancetoinnerbeauty.

8.

impressedmemostwas

thereweresomanyChineserestaurantsinthatwesterncity.

9.

thedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

10.

hemadesuchgreatachievementsisclear—hedevotedhimselftoChina'sspaceindustry.

答案7.That句意:在當(dāng)今社會,人們普遍認為美來自內(nèi)心。因此,我們應(yīng)該非常重視內(nèi)在美。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

beautycomesfromwithin"為主語從句,且從句意義完整,不缺成分,故應(yīng)用That引導(dǎo)主語從句。

8.What;that句意:使我印象最深刻的是,那個西方城市里有那么多中國餐館。

第一空引導(dǎo)主語從句,且在從句中作主語,表示"……的事物",故填What;第二空引導(dǎo)表語從句,且從句意義完整,不缺成分,故填that。9.When句意:那班被延誤的航班將于什么時間起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣(狀況)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"

thedelayedflightwilltakeoff"是主語從句,再根據(jù)句意可知,此處表示"什么時候",故填When。

10.Why句意:他取得如此巨大的成就的原因很清楚——他全力傾注于中國的航天事業(yè)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,再結(jié)合句意可知應(yīng)填Why。(二)語法填空Itisawell-knownfact1.

thefacessomepeopleshowtotheworldmightbecompletelydifferenttotheirrealpersonalities.Forinstance,mostcomedianshavepermanentsmilesontheirfacesandalwayssoundcheerfulbecausethat'sthenatureoftheirwork.Fromthis,it'simpossibletoknow2.

theirtruefeelingsare.Althoughtheymightbelaughingontheoutside,theymightbecryingontheinside.3.

othersarefeelingisnotsomethingthatweshouldmakeassumptionsabout,becauseit'snotalwaysobviouswhoistrulyhappy.4.

iscertainisthatcomediansoftenusecomedytohelpthemunderstandthemselvesandtheworld.Infact,comedyisaveryseriousjobindeed!

答案1.that分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)同位語從句,解釋說明fact的內(nèi)容,且在從句中不作成分,故填that。2.what分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句,且在從句中作賓語,意為"什么",故填what。3.How分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語從句,表示方式,故應(yīng)填How。4.What分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)主語從句且在從句中作主語,指物,故填What。二、單句語法填空1.ChinesePresidentXiJinping'svisittothecountrywasintended

(strengthen)tiesbetweenthetwocountries.

2.Books,newspapersandmagazinesshouldbemadefulluseof

(expand)yourknowledge.

3.Foranexchangestudent,thebiggestchallengemaycomefromadapting

atotallynewculture.

答案1.tostrengthen考查非謂語動詞。句意:中國國家主席習(xí)近平對該國的訪問旨在增進兩國之間的關(guān)系。beintendedtodosth.為常用搭配,意為"打算/計劃做某事"。2.toexpand考查非謂語動詞。句意:書、報紙和雜志應(yīng)該被充分利用來擴展你的知識(面)。短語makeuseof意為"利用",此處應(yīng)用不定式表目的。3.to考查介詞。句意:對一名交換生來說,最大的挑戰(zhàn)可能來自(要)適應(yīng)全新的文化。adaptto...意為"適應(yīng)……",to是介詞,其后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式。4.HemakesitclearthatChinaiscommittedto

(pursue)alow-carboneconomydespitethetremendousdifficultiesthatitwillface.

5.Overtheweeks,I

(consider)applyingtobeavolunteerinAfricaduringmygapyear.

6.Inordertoeasethetrafficpressure,thegovernmenthasdecidedtoextendthisurbanroadandthe

(extend)workwilltakeaboutthreemonths.

答案4.pursuing考查非謂語動詞。句意:他明確表示,盡管將會面臨巨大困難,中國仍致力于追求低碳經(jīng)濟。becommittedto...可表示"致力于……",to是介詞,其后接名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語,故此處應(yīng)填pursuing。5.havebeenconsidering考查時態(tài)。句意:幾周來,我一直在考慮在空檔年申請成為非洲的一名志愿者。根據(jù)句意以及時間狀語Overtheweeks可知,consider表示的動作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在且有可能繼續(xù)下去,故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。6.extension考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:為了緩解交通壓力,政府決定擴建這條城市道路,擴建工作大概將需要三個月。由空前的定冠詞the并結(jié)合句意可知,此處指的是擴建工作,故填extension。7.AfterIretired

mylifelongteachingcareer,whatImissmostarethelovelychildren.

8.Comparedwiththesmartphonesonthemarket,

(convention)cellphoneshavebeenoutofdate.

9.Listeningtohislecture,Ifelldeeplyinlovewithscienceandhavemadeupmymind

(devote)mylifetoscienceinthefuture.

10.Manyofthemarenervousabouttaking

suchachallengeandwonderwhethertheyareabletogothedistance.

答案7.from考查介詞。句意:從一輩子的教學(xué)崗位上退休以后,我最懷念的是可愛的孩子們。retirefrom...意為"從……退休",是固定搭配。8.conventional考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:和市場上的智能手機相比,傳統(tǒng)的手機已經(jīng)過時了?？仗幮揎椕~cellphones,故填形容詞。

9.todevote考查非謂語動詞。句意:聽了他的講座,我深深地愛上了科學(xué)并決心在未來獻身于科學(xué)。makeupone'smindtodosth.意為"下定決心做某事",故空處應(yīng)填todevote。10.on考查固定短語。句意:他們中的很多人對接受這樣一個挑戰(zhàn)都(感到)緊張,并且懷疑自己能否堅持到底。takeon表示"決定做,同意負責(zé),承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)",是固定短語。gothedistance意為"堅持到底"。學(xué)科關(guān)鍵能力構(gòu)建一、閱讀理解

主題語境:人與社會語篇類型:新聞報道難度:易BigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore.Thesmall,SoutheastAsiannationisleadingafarmingrevolution,accordingtotheReutersnewsagency.Singaporecoversaround720squarekilometersoflandandonlyonepercentofthatlandareaisusedforagriculture.FoodproductioncostsarehighertherethantherestofSoutheastAsia.Asclimatechangeandpopulationgrowththreatenfoodsupplies,thepressureonnewfarmersistoanswerthegovernment'scallto"growmorewithless"."WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways,"saidPaulTeng,anagricultureprofessoratNanyangTechnologicalUniversity.Therearemorethan30vertical(垂直的)farmsinSingapore—onesthatgrowup,notacross,theland.SustenirAgricultureisoneofthesebusinesses.Itshydroponicfarmgrowsnon-nativefoodslikecherrytomatoesandstrawberriesinsidebuildingsunderartificiallighting.Thenitsellstheproducetolocalsupermarketsandonlinestores.Sustenirraised$16millionlastyear.ThemoneywillbeusedtoexpandoperationsinSingapore.However,noteveryonethinksthenewtechnologyisbest.EggfarmerWilliamHosaysthegovernmentshouldnotdependsomuchonagriculturaltechnologybusinesses."Manyofthemhavefailed.That'swhyI'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold-timers.Wearemorepractical,"hesaid.ProfessorPaulTengsaidanissueforurbanfarmersisthatthehighcostofthetechnologymakestheirproductstoopriceyformanypeople.1.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.Highfoodproductioncosts.B.Reasonsforchangesinagriculture.C.Agriculturaltechnologybusinesses.D.Salesexpansionoffoodmarkets.2.WhichisthewaytoachievefoodsecurityaccordingtoPaulTeng?A.Exploringmorespace.B.Buyingmorefood.C.Enlargingfarmland.D.Investingmoremoney.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheold-timers?A.Theyworkonhigh-techfarms.B.Theyreduceproductioncosts.C.Theybenefitfrompriceyproducts.D.Theyneedthegovernment'ssupport.4.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Aguidebook.

B.Abrochure.C.Anewspaper.

D.Ajournal.答案【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道,主要介紹了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場以解決國內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問題的情況?！竞诵脑~匯】

coverv.占地(面積);走完(一段路程);報道;覆蓋;包括threatenv.威脅,恐嚇;危及,對……構(gòu)成威脅securityn.安全工作;保障,保護artificiallighting人工照明raisevt.籌募,征集priceyadj.昂貴的語篇精讀答案1.B考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知,新加坡用于農(nóng)業(yè)的耕地面積少、食品生產(chǎn)成本高,而氣候變化和人口增長對其糧食供應(yīng)構(gòu)成了威脅,再結(jié)合上文中的"BigchangesinagriculturearetakingplaceinSingapore"可知,本段主要解釋了新加坡農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)生變革的原因,故選B。2.A考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的"WheneverItalkaboutfoodsecurityinSingapore,Itellpeoplenottothinkaboutland—thinkaboutspace,becauseyoucangoupwardsandsideways"可知,PaulTeng認為實現(xiàn)糧食保障的途徑是向上或向側(cè)面開發(fā)空間,故A項符合文意。3.D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"I'malwaysaskingthegovernmentwhyitdoesn'tinvestinusold-timers"可知,禽蛋養(yǎng)殖戶WilliamHo問政府為什么不在他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶身上投資,言外之意是他們這些傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)戶需要政府的支持,故選D。4.C考查推理判斷。通讀全文可知,本文主要報道了新加坡建設(shè)空中農(nóng)場以解決國內(nèi)食品供應(yīng)短缺問題的事情,屬于新聞范疇,因此文章最有可能出自報紙,故選C。二、七選五主題語境:人與自我語篇類型:說明文難度:易SMARTGoalTheSMARTgoalisoneofthemostvaluablemethodsusedbyhighachieverstodaytorealizetheirlifegoals.SMARTisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforSpecific,Measurable,Achievable,RealisticandTime-bound.1.

Everygoaloughttobespecific.Beingclearaboutyourgoalsandexpectationsisthefirststepinreachingthem.2.

Forexample,"Iwillstartplanningtowardretirement"isvague(含糊的).Instead,youcouldsay,"Iwillstartplanningtowardretirementbybuildingupanestegg(儲備金)."Thisismorespecific.Whenyouarespecificaboutyourgoal,it'seasierforyoutoidentifyallitscomponentsandworkaccordinglytowardachievingit.

3.

Ifyoucan'tmeasuresomething,youcan'ttellifyou'reperformingwellorifyou'reofftrack.Settingmeasurablegoalsletsyouevaluateyourperformanceandstayontrack.

Goalsshouldbeachievableandrealistic.4.

It'salsoimportantnottogetcarriedawayanduseunreachablegoalsasmotivators.Allowyourselftofeelmotivatedbythesatisfactionofachievementandrealprogress.

Eachgoalhastobetime-bound.5.

Actually,it'sincrediblyimportanttomakeyourgoalstime-bound.Theactofhavingdeadlinessetforyourgoalsisamotivationthatdrivesyouintoaction.Withoutadeadline,itisnotpossibleforyoutoknowifyou'remakingheadwaywithyourgoals.

A.Yourgoalsmustbemeasurable.B.Thatisbecauseyourgoalsarenotspecificenough.C.ItisthefinalletterofSMARTthatisoftenignored.D.Whengoalsaretoowideorvague,theyareeasytomiss.E.TomakeyourSMARTgoalwork,usethefollowingtips.F.Youmaywonderifthisisachievableinthegiventimeframe.G.It'simportanttosetgoalsthatarewithinrealisticcapabilities.答案【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。SMART原則是當(dāng)今成功人士用來實現(xiàn)他們的人生目標的最有價值的方法之一。文章簡要介紹了SMART原則的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1.E根據(jù)上文中的"SMARTisanacronym(首字母縮略詞)thatstandsforSpecific,Measurable,Achievable,RealisticandTime-bound"并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知,空處承上啟下,引出下面具體解釋的內(nèi)容。故E項"為了使你的SMART原則奏效,使用以下技巧"符合語境。2.D根據(jù)本段主旨句"Everygoaloughttobespecific"并結(jié)合下文中的"‘Iwillstartplanningtowardretirement'isvague(含糊的)"可知,空處應(yīng)該講的是設(shè)置太寬泛或者模糊的目標的不好之處。故D項"當(dāng)目標太寬泛或模糊時,它們?nèi)菀妆缓雎?符合語境。3.A分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為段落主旨句。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知,本段主要講設(shè)置可以衡量的目標的必要性,故A項"你的目標必須是可衡量的"符合語境。4.G本段主旨句是"Goalsshouldbeachievableandrealistic"。結(jié)合空后的"It'salsoimportantnottogetcarriedawayanduseunreachablegoalsasmotivators"和realprogress可知,空處應(yīng)該講的是設(shè)置現(xiàn)實的目標的重要性。故G項"設(shè)定在實際的能力范圍內(nèi)的目標是重要的"符合語境。5.C本段的主旨句是"Eachgoalhastobetime-bound"。結(jié)合空后的"Actually,it'sincrediblyimportanttomakeyourgoalstime-bound"可知,C項"正是SMART的最后一個字母經(jīng)常被忽略"照應(yīng)段落主旨,符合語境。三、語法填空

主題語境:人與自然語篇類型:說明文難度:中LocatedinOrdos,NorthChina'sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion,KubuqiDesertisthe1.

(close)deserttoChina'scapitalBeijing.Itwasonceknown2.

the"seaofdeath".However,inthepast30years,thegovernment,socialorganizationsandlocalfarmers3.

(work)togethertocontroldesertification(沙漠化)inKubuqiDesert.

Historically,Kubuqiwasarichcityfilledwithwaterandgrass.Butduetoclimatechangeandover-exploitationfromhumans,thefarmlands4.

(final)turnedtodesertover2,000years.ControllingdesertificationwastheonlywayoutforpeoplestilllivinginKubuqi.Withthefirsthighwaygoingthroughthedesert5.

(build)here,peoplestartedplantingtreesinthewholedesert.Itwascommonforplantedtreestodie.Butthenextyear,peoplejustcontinuedtoplantmoretrees.Theirhardworkinspiredtheterm"Kubuqispirit",encouraginglocalpeople6.

(move)forwardwithgreatefforts.Overthreedecades,treeplantingtechnologysawcontinuous7.

(develop)inKubuqi.Nowworkerscanplantatreeinjustten8.

(second),andthesurvivalrateoftreesisover80percent.

The102,000residentsinthedeserthaveenjoyedthebenefitsofmanagingwithdesertification.MengKeda,9.

familyhasliveddeepinKubuqiDesertforgenerations,beganatourismbusinessin2006.Hehad10.

incomeof300,000yuanlastyear.

答案【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。位于鄂爾多斯的庫布齊沙漠是離北京最近的沙漠。在過去的30年里,該地在控制沙漠化方面取得了顯著的成效。1.closest考查形容詞的最高級。根據(jù)語境和空前的the可知,庫布齊沙漠是離北京最近的沙漠,因此用形容詞的最高級作定語,修飾desert。2.as考查介詞。beknownas...為固定短語,意為"被認為是……"。3.haveworked考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)時間狀語"inthepast30years"可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時;主語為"thegovernment,socialorganizationsandlocalfarmers",表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,故填haveworked。4.finally考查副詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句中作狀語,修飾謂語動詞turnedto,所以應(yīng)用副詞形式。5.built考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,"Withthefirsthighway...here"為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),其中thefirsthighway與build之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,且動作已經(jīng)完成,故用過去分詞作賓語補足語。6.tomove考查非謂語動詞。encouragesb.todosth."鼓勵某人做某事",是常用搭配,故填tomove。7.development考查名詞。根據(jù)空前的形容詞continuous可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞,作動詞saw的賓語,故填development。8.seconds考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)空前的ten可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞復(fù)數(shù),tenseconds意為"十秒鐘"。9.whose

考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞為MengKeda,且此處表示所屬關(guān)系,故填whose。10.an考查冠詞。income為名詞,且發(fā)音以元音音素開頭。haveanincomeof...為固定搭配,意為"有……收入",故填an。Period3

UsingLanguage教材必備知識精練一、選詞填空(使用正確的形式)1.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thenumberofjobsininformationtechnologywillgreatlyincrease

.

2.Theinsectlaytherewithitshelplesslegstrembling,unableto

.

3.Toimproveyourlistening,chooselisteningandreadingmaterialsthat

whatyouareinterestedin.

4.Evenifyoucomefromapoorfamily,don'tloseheart.Manygreatmenhaverisenfrompoverty,

,LincolnandEdison.

答案1.withoutdoubt

2.turnover

3.relateto4.forinstance inturn,forinstance,relateto,withoutdoubt,focuson,asfor,startup,inaddition,turnover,comeupwith5.Asisoftenthecase,increasedproductionwill,

,leadtoincreasedprofits.

6.

yourstrengthsdoesn'tmeanyouavoidchallengesoronlydothingsthatyouareskilledat.

7.

myfavouritefigureinChinesehistory,itmustbeWeiYuan,agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.

8.ThecompanyprovidescheapInternetaccess.

,itmakessharewarefreelyavailable.

9.AweekbeforeEarthDay,ourclass

theideaofmakingbetteruseofusedmaterials.

10.Itissaidthatthisschool'sneweducationalreformprojectisscheduledto

inthreemonths.

答案5.inturn 6.Focusingon7.Asfor 8.Inaddition 9.cameupwith10.bestartedup/startupinturn,forinstance,relateto,withoutdoubt,focuson,asfor,startup,inaddition,turnover,comeupwith二、單句