東大22年12月考試《工商英語(yǔ)X》考核作業(yè) 答案

PAGEPAGE5課程名稱:工商英語(yǔ)X東北大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院工商英語(yǔ)X試卷（作業(yè)考核線上2）A卷學(xué)習(xí)中心：院校學(xué)號(hào)：姓名完整答案在后面（共4頁(yè)）總分題號(hào)一二三四五六七八九十得分PartIFillintheblankswithgivenwords(10points)barcode,packaging,manufacturer,checkoutcounter,tilldisplay,stock,supplier,price,supermarket,specialistretailerA(checkoutcounter)isthepaydeskinaself-serviceshop.A(barcode)isapatternofthickandthinlinesthatrepresentsinformation.A(manufacturer)isfirmwhichmakesorproducesgoods.A(tilldisplay)isanelectronicscreenwhichshowsyouhowmuchtopay.A(supplier)isanagentwhoprovidesgoodsorservices.The(packaging)isusedtoprotectgoodsandtopresentanimageforthem.The(price)istheamountthegoodscost.The(stock)isallthegoodsaretailoutletkeeptoselltoitscustomers.The(specialistretailer)isashopwhichonlysellsonetypeofproduct,usuallyofhighquality.The(supermarket)isalargeself-serviceshopsellingfoodanddrinkandalsosmallhouseholditems.PartIIClozeTest(20points)Theterme-commercereferstoallcommercialtransactionsconductedovertheInternet,includingtransactionsbyconsumersandbusiness-to-businesstransactions.Conceptually,e-commercedoesnot(descend)fromwell-knowncommercialofferingssuchasbankingbyphone,"mailorder"catalogs,orsendingapurchaseordertosupplier(off)fax.E-commercefollowsthesamemodel(resorted)inotherbusinesstransactions;thedifference(lies)inthedetails.Toaconsumer,themostvisibleformofe-commerceconsists(for)onlineordering.Acustomerbeginswithacatalogofpossibleitems,(selects)anitem,arrangesaformofpayment,and(putsout)anorder.Insteadofaphysicalcatalog,e-commercearrangesforcatalogstobe(feasible)ontheInternet.Insteadofsendinganorderonpaperorbytelephone,e-commercearrangesfororderstobesent(beyond)acomputernetwork.Finally,insteadofsendingapaperrepresentationofpaymentsuchasacheck,e-commerce(admits)onetosendpaymentinformationelectronically.Inthedecade(toward)1993,e-commercegrewfroman(occasional)novelty(新奇事物)toamainstreambusinessinfluence.In1993,few(corps)hadawebpage,and(slightly)ahandfulallowedonetoorderproductsorservicesonline.Tenyears(lately),bothlargeandsmallbusinesseshadwebpages,andmost(equipped)userswiththeopportunitytoplaceanorder.(Besides),manybanksaddedonlineaccess,(or)onlinebankingandbillpayingbecame(flexible).Moreimportantly,thevalueofgoodsandservices(proceeded )overtheInternetgrewdramaticallyafter1997.11.A)distract B)differ C)descend D)derive12.A)via B)off C)from D)with13.A)resorted B)resorted C)served D)appeared14.A)situates B)lies C)locates D)roots15.A)on B)for C)to D)of16.A)reflects B)protects C)detects D)selects17.A)putsout B)standsfor C)sendsin D)carriesaway18.A)feasible B)sensible C)responsible D)visible19.A)beside B)beyond C)over D)up20.A)appeals B)allows C)advocates D)admits21.A)toward B)until C)after D)behind22.A)insignificant B)optional C)invalid D)occasional23.A)communities B)compounds C)corps D)corporations24.A)largely B)solely C)only D)slightly25.A)latter B)lately C)later D)late26.A)provided B)offered C)convinced D)equipped27.A)Instead B)However C)Nevertheless D)Besides28.A)or B)though C)but D)and29.A)widespread B)different C)flexible D)productive30.A)proceeded B)adapted C)practiced D)acquiredPartIIIPleasegivethedefinitionoffollowingwordsorphrases.(30points)Retailingistheprocessofsellingconsumergoodsorservicestocustomersthroughmultiple

channelsofdistributiontoearnaprofit.CorporateGrouporgroupofcompaniesisacollectionofparentandsubsidiarycorporationsthat

functionasasingleeconomicentitythroughacommonsourceofcontrol.Franchisingisbasedonamarketingconceptwhichcanbeadoptedbyanorganizationasastrategyforbusinessexpansion.Whereimplemented,afranchisorlicensesitsknow-how,procedures,intellectualproperty,useofitsbusinessmodel,brand,andrightstosellitsbrandedproductsandservicestoafranchisee.Inreturnthefranchiseepayscertainfeesandagreestocomplywithcertainobligations,typicallysetoutinaFranchiseAgreement.AnnualReportisacomprehensivereportonacompany'sactivitiesthroughouttheprecedingyear.Annualreportsareintendedtogiveshareholdersandotherinterestedpeopleinformationaboutthecompany'sactivitiesandfinancialperformance.Mostjurisdictionsrequirecompaniestoprepareanddiscloseannualreports,andmanyrequiretheannualreporttobefiledatthecompany'sregistry.Companieslistedonastockexchangearealsorequiredtoreportatmorefrequentintervals(dependingupontherulesofthestockexchangeinvolved).Marketingisthestudyandmanagementofexchangerelationships.Marketingisthebusinessprocessofcreatingrelationshipswithandsatisfyingcustomers.Withitsfocusonthecustomer,marketingisoneofthepremiercomponentsofbusinessmanagement.TakeoverInbusiness,atakeoveristhepurchaseofonecompany(thetarget)byanother(theacquirer,orbidder).IntheUK,thetermreferstotheacquisitionofapubliccompanywhosesharesarelistedonastockexchange,incontrasttotheacquisitionofaprivatecompany.Managementofthetargetcompanymayormaynotagreewithaproposedtakeover,andthishasresultedinthefollowingtakeoverclassifications:friendly,hostile,reverseorback-flip.Financingatakeoverofteninvolvesloansorbondissueswhichmayincludejunkbondsaswellassimplecashoffers.Itcanalsoincludesharesinthenewcompany.Importisagoodbroughtintoajurisdiction,especiallyacrossanationalborder,fromanexternalsource.Thepartybringinginthegoodiscalledanimporter.Animportinthereceivingcountryisanexportfromthesendingcountry.Importationandexportationarethedefiningfinancialtransactionsofinternationaltrade.TheStockMarketAstockmarket,equitymarketorsharemarketistheaggregationofbuyersandsellers(a

loosenetworkofeconomictransactions,notaphysicalfacilityordiscreteentity)ofstocks(also

calledshares),whichrepresentownershipclaimsonbusinesses;thesemayincludesecurities

listedonapublicstockexchange,aswellasstockthatisonlytradedprivately.Examplesofthe

latterincludesharesofprivatecompanieswhicharesoldtoinvestorsthroughequity

crowd-fundingplatforms.Stockexchangeslistsharesofcommonequityaswellasother

securitytypes,e.g.corporatebondsandconvertiblebonds.Exportininternationaltradeisagoodorserviceproducedinonecountrythatisboughtbysomeoneinanothercountry.Thesellerofsuchgoodsandservicesisanexporter;theforeignbuyerisanimporter.Exportofgoodsoftenrequiresinvolvementofcustomsauthorities.Anexport'sreversecounterpartisanimport.Recruitmentreferstotheoverallprocessofattracting,shortlisting,selectingandappointingsuitablecandidatesforjobs(eitherpermanentortemporary)withinanorganization.Recruitmentcanalsorefertoprocessesinvolvedinchoosingindividualsforunpaidroles.Managers,humanresourcegeneralistsandrecruitmentspecialistsmaybetaskedwithcarryingoutrecruitment,butinsomecasespublic-sectoremploymentagencies,commercialrecruitmentagencies,orspecialistsearchconsultanciesareusedtoundertakepartsoftheprocess.Internet-basedtechnologieswhichsupportallaspectsofrecruitmenthavebecomewidespread.PartIVPutthefollowingpassagesintoChinese(20points)Governmentscancontrolinternationaltrade.Themostcommonmeasuresaretariffsandquotas.Atariffisataxonimportedgoods,andaquotaisthemaximumquantityofaproductallowedintoacountryduringacertainperiodoftime.政府可以控制國(guó)際貿(mào)易。最常見(jiàn)的手段是關(guān)稅和配額。關(guān)稅是對(duì)于進(jìn)口商品征收的，配額是一定時(shí)期內(nèi)一個(gè)國(guó)家允許進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品的最高限量。Coca-Cola'sadvertisinghasalwaysattemptedtoreflectchangingcontemporarylifestyles.Creatinganinternationaladvertisingcampaignrequiresthetalentsofprofessionalsinmanyareas,andextensivetestingandresearcharealwaysdonebeforedecidingwhichadvertisementswillfinallybeused.可口可樂(lè)的廣告設(shè)法反映當(dāng)代日新月異的生活方式。進(jìn)行國(guó)際廣告策劃需要許多領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)人才，在決定廣告的投放市場(chǎng)之前需要進(jìn)行大量的測(cè)試和研究。Allcompaniestrytogainthebiggestmarketsharepossible，andcompeteaggressivelywiththeirmaincompetitorstodothis.Companieswiththebiggestmarketshareforaproduct,themarketleaders,maycompetewiththeirrivalsonquality,image,brandloyaltyorprice.所有公司都試圖獲得最大的市場(chǎng)份額，并與主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手進(jìn)行激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)以實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)份額最大的公司，市場(chǎng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者可能會(huì)在質(zhì)量，形象，品牌忠誠(chéng)度或價(jià)格上與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。Whenaninvestorbuysashare,usingtheservicesofaspecialistcompanyorbroker,heorshebecomesashareholderandownsapartof(orhasastakein)acompany.Shareholderscanmakemoneybyreceivingdividends,paidasaproportionofacompany'sannualprofits,andwhenthevalueoftheirsharesincreases.當(dāng)投資者使用專業(yè)公司或經(jīng)紀(jì)人的服務(wù)購(gòu)買股份時(shí)，他或她成為股東并擁有公司的一部分（或擁有股份）。股東可以通過(guò)收取股息（占公司年利潤(rùn)的一部分）以及股票價(jià)值增加時(shí)賺錢(qián)。PartVWriting(20points)Youhaveappliedtoasoftdrinkscompanywhowantstorecruitsomeenergetic,youthfulpeopletoitsmarketingdepartment.Youareverykeenonthejob,andthinkyouhaveachancebecausethey