2020年統(tǒng)考模擬練習(xí)-閱讀理解

閱讀理解B1、Lookattheinstructionsonthebottleofthemedicineandthenchoosetherightanswers.Johnistwelveyearsold.Hehadabadcoldandcougheddayandnight.Hewenttoseeadoctor.Thedoctorgavehimsomecoughmedicine.CoughMedicineShakeitwellbeforeuse.Takeitthreetimeseachdaybeforemeals.Dose（藥量）：Age:over14:2teaspoonfuls8-13:1teaspoonful4-7:1/2teaspoonfulNotrightforchildrenbelowtheageofthree.Putitinacoldplace.UseitbeforeDecember1st2002.1）、Johnshouldtake3teaspoonfulsaday.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、Themedicineshouldbekeptinanyplace.TF答案：B3）、Johnshouldshakethemedicinewellbeforehetakesit.TF答案：A4）、Whenkidsaretwoyearsold,theycannottakethismedicine.TF答案：A5）、JohnwillstoptakingthemedicinewhenitisleftafterDec.1st,2002.TF答案：B2、DearProfessorLiu,PleaseacceptmygreetingfromNewYork.Iamjustbeginningmygraduate（研究院）studieshereatthisuniversity.Itisthethirdweekofclassesnow.Myroommate,Tom,isalsoagraduatestudentlikeme.Heisstudyingbiology（生物學(xué)）.HeisfromHouston.Wearenowongoodterms.Ourdormitory（學(xué)生宿舍）iswellequipped（配備）.Thereareallkindsofelectrichomeappliances（電器）.Butwedon'thaveaTVset.Iamgoingtobuyonethisafternoon.Theviewonthewindowispleasant,andtheweatherishotinthesummerrightnow.Itisabout38degreesoutsidetheroom.Butwehaveairconditioningintheroom,soIfeelOK.Howareyougettingon?Areyoustillworkingonyourpapernow?Pleasesay"Hello"tothosewhohavetaughtme.Imissallofyouverymuch.LoveWangHui1）、WangHuiiswritingtoherformerteacher.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、Fromthepassage,weknowthatWangHuiisanewgraduatestudentinNewYork.TF答案：A3）、TomisfromHouston.TF答案：A4）、WangHuithinksherdormitoryistoobig.TF答案：B5）、WangHuiisgoingtomovetoanotherroom.TF答案：B3、IntheUK,inbusinesssituations,whenyoumeetsomeoneforthefirsttimeyoushakehandsandsay,"Howdoyoudo?".Thisisnotreallyaquestion,andthereplytoitisanothergreetingsuchas"Howdoyoudo?"or"Hello"or"I'mverypleasedtomeetyou"or,ifyouhavemetthepersonsometimebefore,"It'sgoodtoseeyouagain".Youdon'tshakehandseverytimeyoumeetsomeone,youjustgreetthem.Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone'shousefordinner,itisusualtotakeapresent-somechocolatesorflowersor,ifyouknowthemquitewell,abottleofwine.Ifyoudonotknowthehostwell,don'tbethelastpersontoleave.Telephonethenextdaytothankthehostforthemeal.Englishpeopledon'tliketotalkaboutpersonalthings,andtendtoavoidreligion,politicsandmoney.Goodtopicsforsmalltalk（閑談）aretheweather,holidays,weekendactivities,gardensandarchitecture（建筑物）,especiallyhousesandhomes.Whenyougotoapuborbar,it'susualtotaketurnstobuyadrinkforeveryoneinyourgroupandpayforthedrinkswhenyougetthemfromthebarandbeforeyoudrinkthem.1）、Thefirstparagraphtellsushowtogreetsomeoneinbusinesssituations.TF答案：A2）、Ifyouareinvitedtosomeone'shousefordinner,it'sbettertoleavebeforethelastguestleavesifyoudon'tknowthehostquitewell.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A3）、Englishpeopledon'tliketalkingaboutmoneyandmarriage.TF答案：A4）、Inthelastparagraphthesentence“…,it'susualtotaketurnstobuyadrinkforeveryoneinyourgroup...”meansit'susualtogoDutch（平攤費(fèi)用）.TF答案：B5）、ThesubjectmatterofthepassageisBritishwayofgreetingpeople.TF答案：B4、Manypeoplegotoschooltoreceiveaneducation.Theylearnlanguages,history,physics,chemistry,andmath.Othersgotoschooltolearnaskillsothattheycanmakealiving.Schooleducationisveryimportantanduseful.Yet,noonecanlearneverythingfromschool.Ateacher,nomatterhowmuchheknows,cannotteachhisstudentseverythingtheywanttoknow.Theteacher'sjobistoshowhisstudentshowtolearn.Heteachesthemhowtoreadandhowtothink.So,muchmoreistobelearnedoutsideschoolbythestudentsthemselves.Itismoreimportanttoknowhowtostudybyoneselfthantoknowonlysomefactsorformulas（公式）.Itisinfactquiteeasytolearnacertainfactinhistoryoraformulainmath.Butitisverydifficulttouseaformulainworkingoutamathproblem.Greatscientistsbeforeusdidn'tgeteverythingfromschool.Theirteachersonlyshowedthemtheway.Buttheywereallsosuccessfulandinventedsomanythingsforus.Thereasonfortheirsuccessisthattheyknewhowtostudy.Theyreadbooksthatwerenottaughtatschoolandtheyaskedmanyquestions.Theyworkedhardalltheirlives,neverwastingtime.Aboveall,theyknewhowtousetheirbrain.1）、Astudentlearnsnewthingsfromschoolonly.TF答案：B2）、Ateachershouldteachhisstudentshowtolearn.A.TB.F答案：A3）、Greatscientistslearnedeverythingfromschool.TF答案：B4）、Thesentence"Theirteachersonlyshowedthemtheway"meansthattheirteacherstaughtthemhowtolearn.TF答案：A5）、Thetexttalksabouttheimportanceofschooling.TF答案：B5、Theresidentsof24AcaciaGroveweredissatisfiedwiththeconditionoftheproperty,soJohnPrestoncalledameetingtodiscussthingslastweek.AtthemeetingJohnsuggestedsettinguparesidents'committee.Everyonewassoworriedandangryabouttheagent'sinactivitythattheyagreed,andtheyelectedJohnasChairmanofthecommittee.Manyresidentssaidthattheyweretiredoftelephoningtheagentandtiredofcomplainingabouttheflats.Althoughtheagentwasresponsiblefortheflats,theythoughtthathedidn'tdoenough.ThereforeJohnwasaskedtowritetotheagentandsaythattheyweredisappointedwiththemanagementoftheflats.Thenextservicepaymentwasdueattheendofthemonth.However,theyagreednottopayituntiltheywerehappywiththeplanstoimprovetheproperty.Theydecidedtotelltheagentthathemuststarttheworkwithinonemonth.Theyallwentawayverypleasedwiththemselves.1）、WhydidJohnPrestoncallameetinglastweek?Becausetheresidentsweredissatisfiedwiththepresentresidents'committee.Becausetheresidentsweredissatisfiedwiththebadmanagementoftheflats.Becausesomeresidentsrequestedtochangethepresentresidents'committee.BecausehewantedtobecomeChairmanofthecommittee.答案：B2）、WhoelectedJohnasChairmanofthecommittee?Theagent.Theresidents.Thecommittee.AcaciaGrove.答案：B3）、Whatdoestheword"inactivity"meaninthethirdsentenceinPara.1?WeaknessProgressStateLackofactions答案：D4）、Whatdoestheword"due"meaninthefirstsentenceofPara.2？tobepaidproperowedlarge答案：A5）、Whendidtheyagreetopaythenextservicepayment?Attheendofthemonth.Withinonemonth.Whentheywerehappywiththeplanstoimprovetheproperty.Theagentwouldtellthem.答案：C6、“Cool”isawordwithmanymeanings.Itsoldmeaningisusedtoexpressatemperaturethatisalittlebitcold.Astheworldhaschanged,thewordhashadmanydifferentmeaning.“Cool”canbeusedtoexpressfeelingsofinterestinalmostanything.Whenyouseeafamouscarinthestreet,maybeyouwillsay,“It'scool.”Youmaythink,“He'ssocool,”whenyouseeyourfavouritefootballer.Weallmaximize（擴(kuò)大）themeaningof“cool”.Youcanuseitinsteadofmanywordssuchas“new”or“surprising”.Here'saninterestingstorywecanusetoshowthewaythewordisused.Ateacheraskedherstudentstowriteaboutthewaterfalltheyhadvisited.Ononestudent'spaperwasjusttheonesentence,“It'ssocool.”Maybehethoughtitwasthebestwaytoshowwhathesawandfelt.Butthestoryalsoshowsascarcity（缺乏）ofwords.Without“cool”,somepeoplehavenowordstoshowthesamemeaning.Canyouthinkofmanyotherwordsthatmakeyourlifeascolourfulastheword“cool”?Ican.AndIthinktheyarealsoverycool.1）、Weknowthattheword"cool"hashadonlyonemeaning.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：B2）、Inparagraphoneofthepassage,theword“express”means“show”.TF答案：A3）、Ifyouareunhappywithsomething,youmaysay,“It'scool.”TF答案：B4）、Thewritertakesanexampletoshowheispleasedwiththewaythewordisused.A.TB.F答案：B5）、Inthepassage,thewritersuggeststhattheword“cool”maynotbeascoolasitseems.A.TB.F答案：A7、Oilissoimportantthatitissometimescalled“blackgold”.Almosthalfofourenergycomesfromoil.Weuseittorunourcarsandfactoriesandtoheatourhomes,officesandschools.Manyeverydaythingsaremadefromoil.Yourshirtmayhaveoilinthematerial.Thesoapyouwashyourhandswithmightalsobemadefromoil.Yourfavoriteplastictoyismadefromoil.Oilishardtofind,becauseitistrappeddeepundertheearth.Oncetheonlywaypeopleknewtherewasoilsomeplaceifitleakedoutoftheground.Today,however,wehavemanywaysoffindingoil.Onetoolmeasuresthepullofgravity.Placeswheregravityisweakeraremorelikelytohaveoil.Anothertoolissoundwaves.Soundwavestravelthroughdifferentkindsofrocksatdifferentspeeds.Wecanusethemtofindtherocksthathaveoilinthem.Weneedalotofoil,andweareusinguptheoilwellsweknowabout.Soonwemustfindnewwaysoflookingforthis“blackgold”.1）、Fromthispassage,wecanknowoilisasourceofenergy.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、Accordingtothepassage,wecantellthatoilisfoundonlyunderwater.TF答案：B3）、Soundwavestravelthroughdifferentkindsofrocksatdifferentspeeds.TF答案：A4）、Manythingsaremadefromoil.TF答案：A5）、Themainideaofthewholestoryisthatoilisimportantforusbuthardtofind.A.TB.F答案：A8、Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.Short-termgoalsarethosethatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecanapplyonadailybasis.Suchgoalscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwoweeks,orpossibly,months.Itshouldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanitsfoundation,long-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwithouttheachievementofsolidshort-termgoals.Uponcompletingourshort-termgoals,weshoulddatetheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildonthosethathavebeencompleted.Theintermediategoalsbuildonthefoundationoftheshort-termgoals.Theymightdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldevenextendforseveralyears.Anytimeyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldneverallowyourselftobecomediscouragedoroverwhelmed.Asyoucompleteeachstep,youwillenforcethebeliefinyourabilitytogrowandsucceed.Andasyourlistofcompletiondatesgrow,yourmotivationanddesirewillincrease.Long-termgoalsmayberelatedtoourdreamsofthefuture.Theymightcoverfiveyearsormore.Lifeisnotastaticthing.Weshouldneverallowalong-termgoaltolimitusorourcourseofaction.1）、Ourlong-termgoalsmeanalot.ifwecannotreachsolidshort-termgoalsifwecompletetheshort-termgoalsifwehavedreamsofthefutureifweputforwardsomeplans答案：B2）、Newshort-termgoalsarebuiltupon.adailybasisyourachievementinaweekcurrentactivitiesthegoalsthathavebeencompleted答案：D3）、Whenwecompleteeachstepofourgoals,.wewillwinfinalsuccessweareoverwhelmedwewillbuildupourconfidencetoachievesuccessweshouldhavestrongdesireforsettingnewgoals答案：C4）、Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?Lifeisadynamicthing.Weshouldsetuplong-termgoals.Differentkindsofgoalsinlife.Thelimitationoflong-termgoals.答案：C5）、Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrongaccordingtothepassage?Thelong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymuchwithoutachievingshort-termgoals.Theintermediategoalsbuildonthefoundationoftheshort-termgoals.Lifeisastaticthing,thusneverallowingalong-termgoaltolimitus.Weshouldoftenaddnewshort-termgoalstowhathavebeencompleted.答案：C9、Americans,likemanypeopleelsewhereintheworld,liketoinvitefriendstotheirhomesforaneveningoffood,drinkandconversation.FormaldinnersinfinehomesandhotelsintheUnitedStatesaremuchthesameasformaldinnersanywhereintheworld.ButasmostpeopleintheUnitedStateshavenoservants,theirdinnerpartiesathomearedecidedlyinformal.Asmanynewsmallhomeshavenoseparatediningroomorjusthaveverysmalldiningspace,guestscanalsoservethemselvesandeatinthelivingroom,holdingtheirplatesortraysontheirknees.Amoreenjoyableformofentertainmentisthepicnic.Americansaregreatpicnickers,andalmosteveryfamilyhasapicnicbasket.Summerinvitationsareoftenforapicnicataparkorintheopencountryside.Unlesshamburgersorhotdogsarecookedoverafire,picnicfoodisusuallycold－sandwiches,salads,potatochips,pickles.Watermelonisafavoritedessert,followedveryoftenbybaseballfortheyoungandactive,andnapsfortheoldandweary.1）、Americansliketoinvitetheirfriendsovertodinnerattheirhomes.A.TB.F答案：A2）、MostAmericanspreferinformalpartiesbecausetheycannotaffordformalones.A.TB.F答案：B3）、Guestssitandeatataninformaldinner,inthediningroomorinthelivingroom.A.TB.F答案：A4）、Accordingtothepassage,peopleseldomhavehotfoodatapicnic.TF答案：A5）、Thepicnicisconsideredamoreenjoyableformofmealbecauseadessertisalwaysserveal.TF答案：B10、PearlCarlsonwasshakenawakeat3:30a.m.byaforcefulpull.King,thefamilydog,wastryingtopullheroutofthebed.Thenshesmelledsmokeandheardthesoundoffirefromherparent'sroom.Pearl'sscreamsawakedhermother,Fern,andfather,Howard,whohadrecentlybeeninhospitalforlungdisease.HelpingHowardtoafirst-floorwindow,Ferntoldhimtoclimbout,thenrantoherdaughter.Stillinside,KingappearedatPearl'swindow,makingsqueaking（短促尖叫）sounds.WhenrunningtowardPearl'sbedroom,Fernrealizedherhusbandhadn'tyetescaped.Shemadeherwaybackthroughthesmokeandflames,followingKing'ssoundtowhereHowardlaysemiconscious（半昏迷）onthefloor.Fernhelpedhimgetoutside.Kingcameoutonlyafterbothweresafe.Asdaydawned,theCarlsonssawthatKing'spawswerebadlyburnt,andhisentirebodywasburnt,too.Hischaincollarhadgottensohotthatitburnthisthroat,makingitimpossibleforhimtobark（叫）normally.Onlyaftertheseven-year-olddogrefusedfooddidtheyfindpiecesofwoodinhismouthandrealizethatKing,whosleptoutside,hadbittenthroughawooddoortowarnhisfamily.1）、Accordingtothestory,thefirstonewhowascompletelyoutofdangercouldbeFern.TF答案：B2）、Kingwasthefamily'sdog.A.TB.F答案：A3）、Whenthemaster'sroomcaughtfire,thedogwakedPearlup.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A4）、Afterreadingthisstory,we'velearntthatthedogwasbadlyburnedandnotabletoeat.TF答案：A5）、Fromthisstoryitcanbeinferredthatthedogisman'sbestfriend.TF答案：A11、Amangotintoatrainandfoundhimselfsittingoppositeawomanwhoseemedtobeaboutthirty-fiveyearsold.Soontheybegantalkingtoeachother,andthemansaidtoher,"Doyouhaveafamily?""Yes,Ihaveoneson,"thewomananswered."Oh,really?"saidtheman."Doeshesmoke?""No,he'snevertouchedacigarette,"thewomanreplied."That'sgood,"themancontinued."Idon'tsmokeeither.Tobaccoisverybadtoone'shealth.Anddoesyoursondrinkwine?""Oh,no,"thewomanansweredatonce."He'sneverdrunkadropofit.""ThenIcongratulateyou,ma'am,"themansaid."Anddoesheevercomehomelateatnight?""No,never,"hisneighboranswered."Hegoestobedimmediatelyafterdinnereverynight.""Well,"themansaid,"he'sawiseyoungman.Howoldishe?""He'ssixmonthsoldtoday.Buthewillgrowuptobeagentleman,"thewomanrepliedproudly.1）、Themanandthewomanaretalkingaboutthewoman'sson.TF答案：A2）、Thewomanthinkshersonwillbeagentleman.A.TB.F答案：A3）、Theconversationtookplaceonatrain.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A4）、Theword"disappointed"probablybestdescribestheman'sfeelingattheendoftheconversation.TF答案：B5）、Thewomanissoproudofhersonthatshedoesnotreallyunderstandwhattheman'squestionsmean.TF答案：B12、BillandFredarestudents,andthey'regoodfriends.Theydon'thavemuchmoney,sowhenitistimefortheirholidays,Billsays,"Let'stakeourholidaysinatrailer,Fred.It'scheaperthanahotel.Icanborrowmyfather'strailer."Fredisveryhappy,andtheybegintheirholidays.Theywanttogetupearlythenextmorningtogofishing,buttheydon'thaveaclock."That'sallright,Bill."Fredsays,"Iputthesesmallpiecesofbreadontheroof（房頂）ofthetraileratnightandtheywillwakeusupinthemorning."Billisverysurprised,buthedoesn'tsayaword.Fredisright.Earlythenextmorning,somesmallbirdscomedownontherooftoeatthebreadandtheymakealotofnoise.BillandFredgetupwhentheyhearthenoise.1）、Atrailerissomethinglikeahouse.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、BillandFredtaketheirholidaysinatrailerbecausetheydonothaveenoughmoney.TF答案：A3）、Theirfirstproblemistofindtheplacefortheirholiday.TF答案：b4）、Billthinksoutagoodwaytogetupearly.A.TB.F答案：B5）、Thebirdscomedownontherooftoeatthebread.A.TB.F答案：A13、Ourchild'sbehaviorisgreatlyinfluencedbythewaywereacttowhathehasdone.Ourreactionshelptodeterminewhetherourchildwillrepeathisbehaviororwhetherhewilldosomethingdifferent.Thisstatementisaveryimportantpartofaprincipleofbehavioralpsychology.Theprinciplestatesthatabehaviorisinfluencedoraffectedbyhowtheenvironmentpeople,placesandthingsimmediatelyrespondstothebehavior.Perhapswithoutrealizingit,youhaveusedthisprinciplemanytimes.Ontheoccasionwhenyoutoldyourchildwhatagoodboyhewasafterhecleaneduphisroom,youusedtheprinciple.Whenyousentyourchildtohisroomforfightingwithhisbrother,youusedtheprinciple.WhenIgaveKimacookieaftershestartedtocry,Iusedtheprinciple.Ineachoftheseexamples,aparticularbehavioroccurredfirstcleaninguparoom,fighting,andcrying.Inaddition,therewasareactiontoeachbehaviorthechildwaspraised,senttohisroom,orgivenacookie.Bytheseactions,wehaveinfluencedthepreviousbehaviorsandhavehelpedtodeterminewhetherthosebehaviorswilloccuragaininthefuture.1）、ThelectureismainlyaboutChildren'sbehaviorandourresponse.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、Thelectureisbasedontheprincipleinbehavioralpsychology.TF答案：A3）、Theaudienceatthislecturemightbesocialworkers.TF答案：B4）、Accordingtothelecture,thechildwassenttohisroomasakindofreward.TF答案：B5）、People,placesandthingsareelementsof"environment"meantbythelecturer.B.F答案：A14、China'sformervolleyballstarLangPinghasbeeninvitedtocoachtheUSwomen'snationalteamfortheBeijing2008Olympics.ButChina'ssportsmediasaidtheofferwouldbedifficulttoaccept.Lang,whoispresentlycoachingaclubteaminItaly'sprofessionalvolleyballleague,thatshewasconsideringtheofferbytheUSVolleyballAssociation."RightnowI'mstillconsideringtheirofferbutIwillanswerthemsoon,"Langsaid."IfIdon'ttakethejob,Ihavetogivethemenoughtimetofindsomeoneelse."Lang,45，wonOlympicgoldin1984.ShelatercoachedtheChinesewomentosilveratthe1996AtlantaOlympicsandthe1998WorldChampionships.ShehasalsocoachedatNewMexicoUniversityintheUnitedStateswhereherdaughterwasbornandlives.ThereactionintheChinesemediatoLang'sjobofferwasswiftandstrong.ManysaythatifshetakesthejobitwouldbeadirectchallengetoChina'sgoalofwinningthewomen'svolleyballmedalattheBeijingGames."AsanunusualplayerandaspiritualleaderofChinesevolleyball,LangPing'sinfluenceoverChinafarexceeds（超越）thatofanordinaryplayer,"saystheChinaOlympicCommitteewebsite."IfLangstandswiththeopponents（對(duì)手）duringwomen'svolleyballmatches,youcanbeassuredthatthiswillbedifficulttoacceptforthenewChineseplayers,difficultforcoachChenZhonghe,whowasonceherassistant,anddifficultforallChinesewatchingontelevision,"thesitecontinued.1）、Accordingtothispassage,LangPingisaclubcoachatpresent.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A2）、Fromthetext,wecanlearnLangPinghasacceptedtheoffer.TF答案：B3）、Accordingtothetext,ifLangPingstandswiththeopponentsduringwomen'svolleyballmatches,ourwomen'svolleyballteamwillmostprobablyhavetrouble.TF答案：A4）、Whenreportingthenews,theauthorseemedtobealittleangry.TF答案：B5）、SwebsiteisopenlyagainstLangPing'soffer.TF答案：B15、RuthMckenneywasbornin1911inMishawaka,India.ShegrewupinCleveland,Ohio,andattheageoffourteenshegotherfirstjobworkingnightsinaprinter'sshop.Shealsoworkedasawaitress,butafterdroppingtwofruitsaladsonthefloor,shewasfired（解雇）.WhileMissMckenneywasstudyinginanOhioStateUniversity,shefoundanoutsidejobasareporterfortheColumbusDispatch.Infact,sheleftcollegebeforeshegotherdegreeinordertodevoteallhertimetonewspaperwork.ShelaterworkedonpapersinAkron,Ohio,andNewYorkCity.InNewYork,MissMckenneybegantowritestoriesabouttheamusingexperiencesshesharedwithhersister.ThesewerepublishedintheNewYorkmagazine,andlaterinabookcalled“MySisterEileen”.Thisbookwasanimmediatebestseller,andsoonbecameahitplay.MissMckenneyhasalsowrittenaguidetoEnglandandanumberofseriousbooksonAmericanlabor.MissMckenneymarriedRichardBranstenin1937.Theyhadonedaughter.ItcameasnosurprisewhentheauthornamedherEileen.RuthMckenneydiedin1972.1）、RuthMckenneystartedhernewspaperworkaftersheleftcollege.A.TB.F答案：B2）、TheColumbusDispatchisthenameofanewspaper.A.TB.F答案：A3）、“MySisterEileen”wasagreatsuccess.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A4）、ShelaterworkedonpapersinAkron,Ohio,andNewYorkCity.TF答案：A5）、Theauthornamedherdaughter“Eileen”becauseshelovedhersisterverymuch.TF答案：B16、AboutthreehundredwordsintheEnglishlanguagecomefromthenamesofpeople.Manyofthesewordsaretechnicalwords.Whenthereisanewinventionofdiscovery,anewwordmaybecoinedaftertheinventororscientist.ItisinterestingtoobservehowmanycommonEnglishwordshavefoundtheirwayintothelanguagefromthenamesofpeople.LordSandwichwholivedfrom1718to1792usedtositatthegamblingtableeatingslicesofbreadwithmeatinbetween.AstheLordwastheonlyoneamonghisfriendswhoatebreadinthatway,hisfriendsbegantocallthe"bread"forfun.LateronthewordbecamepartoftheEnglishlanguage.Theword"boycott"meanstorefusetohaveanythingtodowithsomebodyorsomething.ItcomesfromamancalledCaptainBoycott.Hewasalandagentin1880andhecollectedrentsandtaxesforanEnglishlandownerinIreland.ButtheCaptainwasaveryharshman.Hetreatedhispoortenantsverybadly.Histenantsdecidednottospeaktohimatall.EventuallywordgotbacktothelandownerandtheCaptainwasremoved.Theword"boycott"becamepopularandwasusedbyeveryonetomeanthekindoftreatmentthatwasreceivedbyCaptainBoycott.1）、Thetopicofthispassageisthemeaningofsomewords.A.TB.F答案：B2）、ThefriendsofLordSandwichcoinedtheword“sandwich”.A.TB.F答案：A3）、Thetenantsdidn'tliketheEnglishlandowner.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：B4）、Theword"harsh"meansinthelastparagraph"rude".TF答案：A5）、Thelandownerremovedthepoortenantswhenhefoundoutthattheywereboycottinghislandagent.A.TB.F答案：B17、IfyouaskmostAmericans,theywouldsaytheirfavoriteseasonoftheyearissummer.Theweatheriswarm.Theydonothavetowearheavyclothestokeepwarm.Youngpeopledonothavetogotoschool.Theycandomanyactivitiesoutside,likeplayingsportsandswimmingatthebeachorthepool.Theylikethesunshineduringthedayandthewarmsummernights.Peoplehavewrittenandrecordedhundredsofsongsaboutsummer.Thesearesomeofourfavorites.OneofthemostfamoussongsaboutsummerisfromGeorgeGershwin'sopera“PorgyandBess.”Hewrotethemusicinnineteenthirty-five.TheoperatakesplaceinthesouthernUnitedStates.Itopenswiththesewords:“Summertimeandthelivin'iseasy.Fisharejumpin'andthecottonishigh.”LeontynePricesingsthesong.Thenineteenfiftiesandsixtiesproducedmanysongsaboutteenagersenjoyingtheirsummervacationfromschool.Thesongsareabouthavingfun,swimmingintheocean,drivingincars.However,forsometeenagers,summervacationwasnotallfunandgames.Someofthemhadtoworktoearnmoney.1）、Americanslikesummerbecausetheweatheriswarm.A.TB.F答案：A2）、Peoplewroteandrecordedsomanysongsaboutsummer.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：A3）、"PorgyandBess"waswrittenbyLeontynePrice.TF答案：B4）、Thereare1950or1960songsaboutteenagersenjoyingtheirsummervacationfromschool.TF答案：B5）、Anappropriatetitleforthepassageis"SongsaboutSummer".TF答案：A18、Oneday,Mr.Blackwentintoarestaurant.Heputhiscoatonachairnearthedoor.Therewasnothinginthepocketsofhiscoat.Afterhehadhismeal,hewenttotakehiscoatback.Hefoundtherewasmuchmoneyinoneofhispockets.“Whoseisthis?”hethought.Hesawawaiternearthedoor,soMr.Blacksaidtohim,“Somebodyputalotofmoneyinmycoat.Ihavenotimetowaitforhim.Ihavetogo.Takeit,please.Whenhecomesback,giveittohim.”Thewaitertookitandwentaway.Atthemoment,anothermancamewithacoatjustlikeMr.Black's.“I'msorry,”saidtheman.“Itookyourcoatandyougotmine.Pleasegivememycoatandthemoney.”Mr.Blackanswered,“Igavethemoneytothewaiter.He'llgiveittoyou.”Mr.Blackcalledthemanager,butthemanagersaid,“Wehavenowaitershere.Weonlyhavewaitresses.Hemustbeathief!”1）、Mr.Blackwentouttoputhiscoatonachair.A.TB.F答案：B2）、Afterhismeal,Mr.Blackdidn'ttakebackhiscoat.A.TB.F答案：B3）、Mr.Blackgavethemoneytothewaitress.A.TB.F答案：B4）、Thetwocoatslookedthesame.A.TB.F答案：A5）、The"waiter"isathief.TF答案：A19、WhenJohnandVictoriaFallsarrivedinNewYorkCityforone-yearstay,theydidnotbringverymanythingswiththem.Theyhadplannedeithertoliveinafurnishedapartmentortobuyusedfurniture.Buttheysoonlearnedaboutanewsystemthatmoreandmorepeopleareusing.Therentingofhomefurnishings（bed,tables,dishes,andsoon）hasbecomeoneofAmerica'sfastestgrowingbusinesses.Whatkindsofpeoplerenttheirhomefurnishingsinsteadofbuyingthem?Peoplewhoareinternationalbusinessorgovernmentofficials,foreignstudents,airlineworkers,youngmarriedcouples-peoplewhosejoborbusinessmayforcethemtomovefrequentlyfromonecitytoanother.Theysavealotoftroubleandthecostofmovingtheirfurnitureeachtime.Theysimplyrentnewfurniturewhentheyreachtheirnewhomes.Youngpeoplewithlittlemoneydonotwanttobuycheapfurniturethattheymaysoondislike.Theyprefertowaituntiltheyhaveenoughmoneytobuyfurnituretheyreallylike.Meanwhile,theyfindtheycanrentbetterqualityfurniturethantheycouldaffordtobuy.Onefamily,whonowhavealarge,beautifulhomeoftheirown,likedtheirrentedfurnituresomuchthattheydecidedtokeeprentingitinsteadofbuyingnewthings.Butusuallypeopledon'tliketotellothersaboutit.Theideaofrentinghomefurnishingsisstillquitenew,andtheyarenotsurewhattheirneighborsmightthink.1）、WhichofthefollowinghasbecomeoneofAmerica'sfastestgrowingbusinesses?A.Sellinghomefurnishings.B.Rentingfurnishedapartments.Sellingusedfurniture.Rentinghomefurnishings.答案：D2）、Whydosomepeopleprefertorentfurniture?A.Becausethefurnituretheygetinthiswayisnew.B.Becauseitsavesthemalotofmoney.Becauseitsavesthemmuchtroubleandmoney.Becausetheycanalwaysgetbetterqualityfurnitureinthisway.答案：C3）、Whatcanyouinferfromthepassage?A.Theideaofrentingfurnitureisnotacceptable.B.Rentingfurnitureisnotpopularinthecouple'shometown.Onlythosewhodon'thaveenoughmoneytorentfurniture.Peopleusuallygrowtolikethefurnituretheyhaverented.答案：B4）、Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?RentorBuy?ANewWayofGettingHomeFurnishings.FurnishedApartments.ANewIdea.答案：B5）、Youngpeoplelikedrentinghomefurniturebecause.A.theyhavelessmoneytheydon'twanttobuyoldfurniturethenewfurnitureisofgoodqualitytheydon'thavemuchmoneyanddon'twanttobuythecheapfurniture答案：D20、Oncethereweretwobrotherswhoweretwins.Theylookedexactlyalike.Theybothhavethesamedarkbrownhair,blueeyesandbeautifulteeth.Theywereboth5feet,10inchestallandbothweighed150pounds.Theynotonlylookedalikebutalsobehavedalikeonthetelephone.Noteventheirfamilycouldtellthedifference.Theydressedalike,listenedtothesamemusic,andreadthesamebooks.Theyevenlaughedatthesamejokes.Whentheyweretwentythree,theybothgotmarriedandayearlaterbothhadsons.Theyearswentbyandastheybegantogrowold,theybothworeglassesandeventually（最后）theybothbecamebald.Thenoneday,oneofthebrothersgotsickanddied.Afewdayslater,amanstoppedtheothertwinonthestreet."Excusemeforasking,"hesaid,"butwasityouoryourbrotherwhodied?"1）、Itwasnoteasytotellthetwomenfromeachotherbecausetheyweretwins.A.TB.F答案：A2）、Thetwinbrothershaddifferentcoloredhair.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：B3）、"Theybothbecamebald"meanstheygotsick.TF答案：B4）、Theonlydifferencebetweenthetwinswasonegotsickanddied.TF答案：A5）、Themanstoppedtheothertwinonthestreetbecausehedidn'tknowwhichofthemdied.A.TB.F答案：A21、ItwasMonday.Mrs.Smith'sdogwashungry,buttherewasnotanymeatinthehouse.Mrs.Smithtookapieceofpaper,andwrotethefollowingwordsonit:“Givemydoghalfapoundofmeat.”Thenshegavethepapertoherdogandsaidgently:“Takethistothebutcherandhe'sgoingtogiveyouyourlunchtoday.”Holdingthepieceofpaperinitsmouth,thedograntothebutcher's.Itgavethepapertothebutcher.Thebutcherreaditcarefully,recognizedthatitwasreallythelady'shandwritingandsoondiditashewasaskedto.Thedogwasveryhappy,andatethemeatupatonce.Atnoon,thedogcametotheshopagain.Itgavethebutcherapieceofpaperagain.Afterreadingit,hegaveithalfapoundofmeatoncemore.Thenextday,thedogcameagainexactlyatnoonstillwithapieceofpaperinthemouth.Thistime,thebutcherdidnottakealookatpaper,andgavethedogitsmeat,forhehadregardedthedogasoneofhiscustomers.But,thedogcameagainatfouro'clock.Andthesamethinghappenedonceagain.Tothebutcher'smoresurprise,itcameforthethirdtimeatsixo'clock,andbroughtwithitathirdpieceofpaper.Thebutcherfeltabitpuzzled.Hesaidtohimself,“Thisisasmalldog.WhydoesMrs.Smithgiveitsomuchmeattoeattoday?”Lookingatthepieceofpaper,hefoundthattherewerenotanywordsonit!1）、Mrs.Smithtreatedherlittledogquitekindly.TF答案：A2）、ThedogseemedtoknowthatthepaperMrs.Smithgaveitmightdomuchharm.TF答案：B3）、ThebutcherdidnotgiveanymeattothedogbeforehefeltsurethatthewordswerereallywrittenbyMrs.Smith.TF答案：A4）、Thedogalwayswenttothebutcher'swithapieceofpaper,becauseitfoundthatthepaperonlywithMrs.Smith'swordscouldbringitmeat.TF答案：B5）、Attheendofthestory,you'llfindthatthebutcherfoundhimselfcheatedbythecleveranimal.A.TB.F答案：A22、LindaandDavidhavetraveledbyairfromLondontoSydney,Australia.Lindahaspromisedhermotherthatshewillringhertoletherknowthattheyhavearrivedsafely.Thisissomethingshehaddoneeversinceshewasachild.Davidthinksitisnotagoodideatoringsofar,tospendtoomuch,andtosaysolittle."Iftherewerea