12線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件

Nematode線蟲Nematode線蟲1IntroductiontoNematodeClassNematoda（線蟲綱）

about10speciesaremedicalimportant

IntroductiontoNematodeClass212線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件3GeneralmorphologicalcharactersofnematodeCylindricalshapenon-segmented(不分節(jié))bilateralsymmetry(兩側(cè)對(duì)稱）dioecious(雌雄異體)，femalesareusuallylargerthetailofthemaleusuallycurled（卷曲）orexpandtoumbrella-likeGeneralmorphologicalcharacte4GeneralmorphologicalcharactersofnematodeGeneralmorphologicalcharacte512線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件612線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件7CharactersoflifecycleTypeoflifecycle：soil-transmissionnematodes（土源性線蟲）bio-sourcenematodes（生物源性線蟲）：需中間宿主Infectivestage：InfectiveeggInfectivelarvacystCharactersoflifecycleTypeo8ImportantnematodesIntestinalnematode：蛔蟲、鉤蟲、蟯蟲、鞭蟲等bloodnamatode絲蟲Tissuenematode旋毛蟲ImportantnematodesIntestinal9Ascarid/bellyworm/roundworm(蛔蟲）?；紫x?。╝scariasis)似蚓蛔線蟲

AscarislumbricoidesAscarid/bellyworm/roundworm(蛔蟲1012線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件11morphologialofadults

cuticle（表皮）withcircularstriations（環(huán)紋）Size:male:15～31cmfemale:20～35cmmorphologialofadultscuticle12lips(唇瓣)spicule(交合刺)lips(唇瓣)spicule(交合刺)1312線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件14fertilisedegg(受精卵)

50:malbuminoidcoat(蛋白質(zhì)外膜)thickeggshellvittelinelayer(受精膜);chitinouslayer(殼質(zhì)層)ascaroside（蛔甙層）fertilisedegg(受精卵)50:malbum15unfertilisedegg(未受精卵)unfertilisedegg(未受精卵)16eggdecorticatedegg(脫蛋白膜卵)多細(xì)胞卵含幼蟲卵eggdecorticatedegg(脫蛋白膜卵)多細(xì)胞卵1712線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件18Simplelifecycle/directlifecyclefinalhost：humansinhabitedsite：smallintestineinfectivestage：infectiveeggInfectivemode：byingestionEggpassedinfecesLiverlungmigrationSummaryoflifecycleSimplelifecycle/directlife1912線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件20pathogenecity肺蛔蟲病（Loeffler’ssyndrome）異位寄生lungphaseoflarvalmigrationpathogenecity肺蛔蟲?。↙oeffler’s21larvainsectionoflung

larvainsectionoflung22蛔蟲病（ascariasis

）并發(fā)癥(complication)intestinalblockage(腸梗阻)Perforationofintestine(腸穿孔)

ascariasisofbileduct(膽道蛔蟲癥)

appendicitis(闌尾炎)pathogenecity蛔蟲?。╝scariasis

）pathogenecity2312線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件2412線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件2512線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件26diagnosisEtilogicaldiagnosisfoundcharacteristicegginfeces；Adultinfecesjuveniles(幼蟲)insputum

Immulogicaldiagnosis

diagnosisEtilogicaldiagnosis27epidemiologyGeographicdistribution:worldwideFactorsofhighprevalence：SimplelifecycleandproducelargenumbersofeggStrongresistancetochemicalandenvironmentStoolareuseforfertilizerPoorsanitationorLowpersonalhygieneepidemiologyGeographicdistrib28PreventionandcontrolTreatmentpatients,carriersMebendazole（甲苯達(dá)唑）Albendazole（阿苯達(dá)唑）GoodhygienePreventionandcontrolTreatmen29毛首鞭形線蟲

Trichuristrichiurathehumanwhipwormliveinthecaecum(盲腸)andupperpartofthecolon(結(jié)腸)

毛首鞭形線蟲

Trichuristrichiurathe30MorphologyofadultMorphologyofadult31MorpholoyofeggbarrelshapepolarplugsyellowbrownMorpholoyofeggbarrelshapepo32生活史(lifecycle)生活史(lifecycle)33Directlifecyclefinalhost：humaninfectivestage：infectiveeggrouteofinfection：byingestionEggpassedinfecesNoblood-lungmigrationDirectlifecycle34pathogenecitypathogenecity35diagnosisFindeggsinfeces。diagnosisFindeggsinfeces。36PreventionandcontrolGeograpgicdistribution:worldwide

treatment阿苯達(dá)唑albendazole甲苯咪唑mebendazolePreventionandcontrolGeograpg37鉤蟲：hookwormHumanhookworm

十二指腸鉤口線蟲

（Ancylostomaduodenale）

美洲板口線蟲

(Necatoramericanus)hookwormdisease/ancylostomiasis鉤蟲：hookwormHumanhookworm38ShapeofadultShapeofadult39口囊:buccalcapsule

口囊:buccalcapsule40交合傘copulatorybursa;背輻肋dorsalray

交合傘copulatorybursa;背輻肋dorsal41交合刺copulatoryspicules

交合刺copulatoryspicules42MorphologyofeggMorphologyofegg43生活史(lifecycle)生活史(lifecycle)44SummaryoflifecycleAdultliveinupperofsmallintestineEggpassedinfecesinfectivestage：絲狀蚴filariformlarva絲狀蚴活動(dòng)特點(diǎn)：向溫性、向濕性、聚集性routeofinfect：byskinBlood-lungmigrationSummaryoflifecycleAdultliv45絲狀蚴絲狀蚴46PathogenicityLarvalpenetrationoftheskinmayleadtogrounditch(鉤蚴性皮炎)；larvaemigratingthroughthelungsmaycausepneumonitis(肺炎)PathogenicityLarvalpenetratio4712線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件48PathogenicityAdultfeedonthethesmallintestinemucosaandblood缺鐵性貧血Irondeficiencyanemia(低色素小細(xì)胞型貧血）；腹瀉和異嗜癥；嬰兒鉤蟲病(Infantilehookwormdisease)；消化道出血(Gastrointestinalblooding)。PathogenicityAdultfeedonthe49致病:Pathogenicity貧血原因：長期慢性失血(Chronicbloodloss)：

邊吸邊排邊漏；分泌抗凝素anticoagulant；

頻繁更換咬附部位；蟲體活動(dòng)造成組織、血管損傷。致病:Pathogenicity貧血原因：5012線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件5112線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件52diagnosisEtilogicalexamination（1）directsmear：（2）brinefloatationmethod(飽和鹽水浮聚法)（3）Larvalcultivation(鉤蚴培養(yǎng)法)

（4）larvainsputumdiagnosisEtilogicalexaminatio53diagnosisSerologicaltest（1）皮內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)（ID）（2）ELISA:（3）間接熒光抗體試驗(yàn)（IFA)diagnosisSerologicaltest54epidemiologyFactorsinprevalence

sourceofinfection：patientsandcarriers。WaytoinfectionepidemiologyFactorsinprevale5512線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件56PreventionandcontrolTreamentofsourceofinfection阿苯達(dá)唑albendazole甲苯咪唑mebendazoleGoodhygienePreventionandcontrolTreament57為什么蛔蟲病廣泛流行？你能否從蟲形態(tài)、生態(tài)生活史幾個(gè)方面分析。為什么小孩蛔蟲病多于成人，農(nóng)村多于城市？一小孩血檢嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞增加，醫(yī)生懷疑蛔蟲病，而糞檢蟲卵陰性，可能是什么原因？你如何處理？寄生蟲可引起哪幾種皮膚?。咳绾我?？思考題為什么蛔蟲病廣泛流行？你能否從蟲形態(tài)、生態(tài)58Nematode線蟲Nematode線蟲59IntroductiontoNematodeClassNematoda（線蟲綱）

about10speciesaremedicalimportant

IntroductiontoNematodeClass6012線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件61GeneralmorphologicalcharactersofnematodeCylindricalshapenon-segmented(不分節(jié))bilateralsymmetry(兩側(cè)對(duì)稱）dioecious(雌雄異體)，femalesareusuallylargerthetailofthemaleusuallycurled（卷曲）orexpandtoumbrella-likeGeneralmorphologicalcharacte62GeneralmorphologicalcharactersofnematodeGeneralmorphologicalcharacte6312線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件6412線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件65CharactersoflifecycleTypeoflifecycle：soil-transmissionnematodes（土源性線蟲）bio-sourcenematodes（生物源性線蟲）：需中間宿主Infectivestage：InfectiveeggInfectivelarvacystCharactersoflifecycleTypeo66ImportantnematodesIntestinalnematode：蛔蟲、鉤蟲、蟯蟲、鞭蟲等bloodnamatode絲蟲Tissuenematode旋毛蟲ImportantnematodesIntestinal67Ascarid/bellyworm/roundworm(蛔蟲）?；紫x病（ascariasis)似蚓蛔線蟲

AscarislumbricoidesAscarid/bellyworm/roundworm(蛔蟲6812線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件69morphologialofadults

cuticle（表皮）withcircularstriations（環(huán)紋）Size:male:15～31cmfemale:20～35cmmorphologialofadultscuticle70lips(唇瓣)spicule(交合刺)lips(唇瓣)spicule(交合刺)7112線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件72fertilisedegg(受精卵)

50:malbuminoidcoat(蛋白質(zhì)外膜)thickeggshellvittelinelayer(受精膜);chitinouslayer(殼質(zhì)層)ascaroside（蛔甙層）fertilisedegg(受精卵)50:malbum73unfertilisedegg(未受精卵)unfertilisedegg(未受精卵)74eggdecorticatedegg(脫蛋白膜卵)多細(xì)胞卵含幼蟲卵eggdecorticatedegg(脫蛋白膜卵)多細(xì)胞卵7512線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件76Simplelifecycle/directlifecyclefinalhost：humansinhabitedsite：smallintestineinfectivestage：infectiveeggInfectivemode：byingestionEggpassedinfecesLiverlungmigrationSummaryoflifecycleSimplelifecycle/directlife7712線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件78pathogenecity肺蛔蟲?。↙oeffler’ssyndrome）異位寄生lungphaseoflarvalmigrationpathogenecity肺蛔蟲病（Loeffler’s79larvainsectionoflung

larvainsectionoflung80蛔蟲?。╝scariasis

）并發(fā)癥(complication)intestinalblockage(腸梗阻)Perforationofintestine(腸穿孔)

ascariasisofbileduct(膽道蛔蟲癥)

appendicitis(闌尾炎)pathogenecity蛔蟲病（ascariasis

）pathogenecity8112線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件8212線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件8312線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件84diagnosisEtilogicaldiagnosisfoundcharacteristicegginfeces；Adultinfecesjuveniles(幼蟲)insputum

Immulogicaldiagnosis

diagnosisEtilogicaldiagnosis85epidemiologyGeographicdistribution:worldwideFactorsofhighprevalence：SimplelifecycleandproducelargenumbersofeggStrongresistancetochemicalandenvironmentStoolareuseforfertilizerPoorsanitationorLowpersonalhygieneepidemiologyGeographicdistrib86PreventionandcontrolTreatmentpatients,carriersMebendazole（甲苯達(dá)唑）Albendazole（阿苯達(dá)唑）GoodhygienePreventionandcontrolTreatmen87毛首鞭形線蟲

Trichuristrichiurathehumanwhipwormliveinthecaecum(盲腸)andupperpartofthecolon(結(jié)腸)

毛首鞭形線蟲

Trichuristrichiurathe88MorphologyofadultMorphologyofadult89MorpholoyofeggbarrelshapepolarplugsyellowbrownMorpholoyofeggbarrelshapepo90生活史(lifecycle)生活史(lifecycle)91Directlifecyclefinalhost：humaninfectivestage：infectiveeggrouteofinfection：byingestionEggpassedinfecesNoblood-lungmigrationDirectlifecycle92pathogenecitypathogenecity93diagnosisFindeggsinfeces。diagnosisFindeggsinfeces。94PreventionandcontrolGeograpgicdistribution:worldwide

treatment阿苯達(dá)唑albendazole甲苯咪唑mebendazolePreventionandcontrolGeograpg95鉤蟲：hookwormHumanhookworm

十二指腸鉤口線蟲

（Ancylostomaduodenale）

美洲板口線蟲

(Necatoramericanus)hookwormdisease/ancylostomiasis鉤蟲：hookwormHumanhookworm96ShapeofadultShapeofadult97口囊:buccalcapsule

口囊:buccalcapsule98交合傘copulatorybursa;背輻肋dorsalray

交合傘copulatorybursa;背輻肋dorsal99交合刺copulatoryspicules

交合刺copulatoryspicules100MorphologyofeggMorphologyofegg101生活史(lifecycle)生活史(lifecycle)102SummaryoflifecycleAdultliveinupperofsmallintestineEggpassedinfecesinfectivestage：絲狀蚴filariformlarva絲狀蚴活動(dòng)特點(diǎn)：向溫性、向濕性、聚集性routeofinfect：byskinBlood-lungmigrationSummaryoflifecycleAdultliv103絲狀蚴絲狀蚴104PathogenicityLarvalpenetrationoftheskinmayleadtogrounditch(鉤蚴性皮炎)；larvaemigratingthroughthelungsmaycausepneumonitis(肺炎)PathogenicityLarvalpenetratio10512線蟲概論、蛔蟲、鞭蟲、鉤蟲課件106PathogenicityAdultfeedonthethesmallintestinemucosaandblood缺鐵性貧血Irondeficiencyanemia(