年代80初中英語第四冊

年代80初中英語第四冊年代80初中英語第四冊年代80初中英語第四冊年代80初中英語第四冊編制僅供參考審核批準(zhǔn)生效日期地址：電話：傳真:郵編:初中英語課本第四冊LESSON1DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）WhenshallwevisittheScienceAA:ShallIgetsomechalk?

changethemapsonthewall?returnthesebookstothelibrary?B:Yes,please.(No,thanks.LetLiPingdoit)BA:WhatshallwedoinourEnglishclasstomorrow?

B:We’llgooverthenewwords.haveatest.talkaboutsomepictures.CA:Whenshallwehavetheclassmeeting?

theEnglishevening?

thetalkonthehistoryoftheparty?

B:NextWednesdayafternoon.A:Whereshallwehaveit?

B:Inthemeeting-room.DIALOGUE（對話）LETMEHELPYOUWWomanLLiumeiPPolicemanHHusband(Atastreetcorner.)W(Lookingveryworried):Oh,dear!WhatshallIdo?

(LiuMeiisonherwaytoseeafilm,butshestops.)L:What’sthematter,Granny

CanIhelpyou?W:I’mheretoseemyhusband.He’sinhospital.Hewrotethenameofthehospitalinhisletter,butIcan’tfindtheletternow.whatshallIdo?

L:It’snotinanyofyourpockets?

W:No.L:Maybeyouputitinyourbasket.W(lookinginherbasket):Ah,yes,hereitis!(SheshowsittoLiuMei.)L:Yes,thisisit.W:HowcanIgetthere

Idon’tknowtheway.L:Idon’t,either,Granny.I’llaskthepoliceman.(Runstothepolicemanatthecorner.)L:Excuseme,whichisthewaytotheEastP:Godownthisstreet,thenturnrightatthesecondcrossing.Attheendoftheroadyou’llfindthehospital.It’sabouthalfanhour’swalk.Butyoucangettherebybus.L:WhichbusshallItake?

P:TheNo.3busoverthere.It’lltakeyourightthere.L:Thankyou.(Runsbacktotheoldwoman.)Granny,thehospitalisabitfarfromhere.Shallwegobybus?

W:Allright.(Twentyminuteslatertheoldwomanfindsherhusband.Howhappytheyaretoseeeachother!)H:Buthowdidyougethere?

W:Thislittlegirlbroughtme.H:Whichgirl?

(TheylookaroundbutLiuMeiisalreadygone)W:Whatagoodgirl!(LiuMeiisverylateforthefilm,butshedoesn’tmind.)GRAMMAR（語法）冠詞(TheArticle)冠詞是一種虛詞，放在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞的含義。冠詞分不定冠詞（TheIndefiniteArticle）和定冠詞（TheDefiniteArticle）兩種。a(an)是不定冠詞，a用在輔音之前，如abook,aman;an用在元音之前，如anoldwoman,anhour等。the是定冠詞。1、不定冠詞的用法1)指人或事物的某一種類。這是不定冠詞a(an)的基本用法。如：Iamaboy.Passmeanapple,please.2)指某人或某物，但不具體說明何人或何物。如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.Heborrowedastory-bookfromthelibrary.3)表示數(shù)量，有“一”的意思，但數(shù)的概念沒有one強烈。如：Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.4)用于某些固定詞組中。如：abit,afew,alittle,alotof,apieceof,acupof,aglassof,apileof等。2、定冠詞的用法1)特指某些人或某些事物。這是定冠詞the的基本用法。如：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.Thebookonthedeskismine.（特指桌上的那本書。注意名詞book被短語onthedesk所限定。）2)指談話雙方都知道的人或事物。如：Whereistheteacher

（雙方都知道指的是哪一位教師。）

Openthewindow,please.（雙方都知道指的是哪一扇窗。）3)指上文提過的人或事物。如：Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabywasthin.4)用在世界上獨一無二的事物前。如：Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞的最高級前。如：MrGreentaughtthefirstclass.Aliceisthe6)用在某些專有名詞前。如：theGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theHistoryMuseum,theScienceMuseum,theCapitalStadium,theChildren’sPalace,theEastStreetHospital,theParty等。7)用在一些習(xí)慣用語中。如：intheday,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,bytheway等。3、下列情況中一般不用冠詞1)在專有名詞和不可數(shù)名詞前。如：China,GradeTwo,ClassThree,science,chalk,ink,paper,water,tea,milk等。2)名詞前已有做定語的this,that,my,your,some,any等代詞。如：Theletterisinherbasket.Godownthisstreet.3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。如：Myfatherandmotherareteachers.Shelikesreadingstories.4)在節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前。如：TodayisNewYear’sDay.ItisSunday(Monday,Tuesday,etc)March8isWomen’sDay.Itiscoldinwinter.5)在稱呼語或表示頭銜的名詞前。如：What’sthematter,Granny

ThisisComradeWang.6)在某些習(xí)慣用語中的名詞前。如：atmoon,atnight,atfirst,atlast,bybus,inbed,intime,infrontof,gotoschool,gotobed等。7)在三餐飯和球類運動名稱前。如：Hegoestoschoolafterbreakfast.Wearegoingtoplayfootball.LESSON2DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Whatwereyourparentsdoingateightlastnight?

Mumwassewing.AndDadwasreading.AA:Wereyouathomeyesterdayevening?

B:Yes.Iwasdoingsomecooking.doingsomewashing.learningEnglishontheradio.Wereyoudoingthesamethingatthattime?

A:No,Iwasn’t.Iwasdoingmyhomework.BA:Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?

wereTomandPeterwasJennyB:Wewerecopyingthenewtext.TheywereShewasTEXT（課文）THEMONKEYANDTHECROCODILEOnedayalittlemonkeywasplayinginatalltreebytheriver.Acrocodilewasswimmingslowlynearthebankwithherbaby.Shelookedaroundforsomefood.Suddenlyshesawthemonkey.“Aha,there’smymeal,”shethought.Shethenturnedtoherson,“Doyouloveme,Son?”“Why,ofcourse,Mum!”thebabycrocodilesaid.“Wellthen,youcatchthatmonkeyandgivemehishearttoeat.”“ButhowcanI”

thebabycrocodileasked.“Monkeyscan’tswim,andIcan’tclimbtrees.”“Youneedn’tclimbthetree,”hismothersaid.“Useyourhead,thenyou’llfindaway.”Thebabycrocodilethoughthard.Thehehadanidea.Heswamnearthetreeandshouted,“Hey,Monkey!Wouldyoulikesomebananas?”“Bananas!Mm!Ilovethem,”saidthemonkey.“Butwherearethey?”“Ontheothersideoftheriver.Therearesomebananatreesthere,andtheyhavelotsofbananasonthem.I’lltakeyouthereonmyback.”“Good,”themonkeycamedownandjumpedontothecrocodile’sback.(Tobecontinued)GRAMMAR（語法）疑問句(TheInterrogativeSentence)英語的疑問句有四種：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句。1、一般疑問句(TheGeneralQuestion)用yes或no回到的疑問句，叫做一般疑問句。這種疑問句通常是把動詞be或have，助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前，說時用升調(diào)。如：Issheaworker?

Haveyouanypaper?

DoeshestudyEnglish

2、特殊疑問句(TheSpecialQuestion)用what，who，which等疑問代詞和when，where，why，how等疑問副詞引起的疑問句，叫做特殊疑問句。這種疑問句不能用yes或no回答，說時用降低。如：What’sthis?

Who’stheboyoverthere?

Whendoyougetup?

3、選擇疑問句(TheAlternativeQuestion)提出兩種或兩種以上的情況，要求對方選擇一種，這種疑問句叫做選擇疑問句。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是“一般疑問句+or+一般疑問句”，但常把后面一部分里面和前一部分相同的成分省略。說時or前面部分用升調(diào)，后面部分用降調(diào)。如：Isherbrotheradoctororateacher?

Doyouwantanewspaperoramagazine?

Shallwehaveameetingthisweekornext?

4、反意疑問句(TheDisjunctiveQuestion)在陳述句之后附上一個簡短問句，對陳述句所敘述的事實提出相反的疑問，這種疑問句叫做反意疑問句。如前一部分為肯定式，后一部分用否定式。反之，如前一部分為否定式，后一部分就用肯定式。說時，反意疑問句的前一部分用降調(diào)，后一部分，在表示疑問時用升調(diào)，在表示強調(diào)時用降調(diào)。如：He’sateacher,↗isn’the?他是教師，是不是？She’sanurse,↘isn’tshe她是護士，不是嗎

對反意疑問句的回答，不管問題的提法如何，若事實是肯定的，就要用yes，事實是否定的，就要用no。這和漢語不一樣，應(yīng)特別注意。如：Heisn’taworker,ishe他不是工人，是嗎

Yes,heis.不，他是工人。No,heisn’t.對，他不是工人。LESSON3DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Iwascookingwhensheknockedatthedoor.AA:Yousawtheboysintheclassroomjustnow,didn’tyou?

B:Yes,Idid.A:Whatweretheydoing?

B:TheyweredoingmathsexerciseswhenIleft.drawingamapoftheworldputtingupsomepicturesonthewallBA:Didyouseeyourteacherintheoffice?

B:Yes,Idid.A:Wasshehavingameeting?

B:No,shewasn’t.ShewastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.goingoverourexercisespreparingthenewlessonwithotherteachersTEXT（課文）THEMONKEYANDTHECROCODILE(Continued)Soontheywereinthemiddleoftheriver.Suddenlythecrocodilewentdownunderthewater.Whenhecameupagain,themonkeywasallwet.“Don’tdothat!”themonkeycried.“Don’tdothatagain!Ican’tswim,youknow.”“Iknow,butIhaveto,”answeredthecrocodile.“Mymotherwantstoeatyourheart.”Thelittlemonkeywasclever.“Whydidn’tyoutellmeearlier?”heasked.“Myheartisn’therewithme.Ileftitinthattreeoverthere.”“Thenwe’llhavetogobackforit.Motherdoesn’twantyouwithoutyourheart.”Thecrocodileturnedandswambacktothebank.Soontheyreachedthebank.Themonkeyjumpedoffthecrocodileatonce,pickedupabigstoneandquicklyclimbedupthetree.Thecrocodilewaitedandwaited.Ashewaswaiting,hesuddenlyheardavoicefromabove:“Hey,Crocodile!”Thecrocodilelookedup.Themonkeywashangingfromthetreebyhistailandlaughing.“Here’smyheart.Comeupandgetit.Don’tkeepyourmotherwaiting…Youcan’tcomeup

Well,catch!”Withthesewords,hethrewthebigstoneatthecrocodile.GRAMMAR（語法）過去進行時(ThePastContinuousTense)過去進行時由“was(were)+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。過去進行時的用法：表示在過去某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行的動作。這一特定的過去時間，除有上下文暗示以外，一般用時間狀語來表示。如：A:Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday

B:Wewerecleaningtheclassroom.Mumwasdoingsomewashingyesterdayevening.TheteacherwastalkingtosomeparentswhenIsawher.一般過去時與過去進行時用法比較：一般過去時表示在過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過去進行時則表示過去某個時間正在進行的動作。如：Marywrotealettertoherfriendlastnight.瑪麗昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）Marywaswritingalettertoherfriendlastnight.瑪麗昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）LESSON4DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）WhendidyougogotheChildren’sPalace?

IwentthereafterIfinishedmyhomework.AA:Wasitrainingwhenyoucametoschoolyesterday?

whenschoolwasoverwhenyoutookyourgrandmothertothehospitalB:Yes,itwas.Itwasraininghard.（No,itwasn’t.Butthegroundwasquitewet）BA:Wheredidyourbrotherstudybeforehebecameanartist?

beforehewenttocollege?

beforehejoinedthearmy?B:HestudiedattheNo.2MiddleSchool.CA:Whendidyougotobedlastnight?

B:IwenttobedatabouttenafterIdidmyhomework.afterIwrotealettertomygrandfather.aftertheTVplaywasoverTEXT（課文）IT’SUNFAIRJennywasagoodgirl,butshehadoneshortcoming.Shewasoftenlateforschool.Onemorningwhenshecameinlate,MrBlack,herteacher,gotangry.“I’llwritetoyourfatherifyouaren’thereontimetomorrow,”hetoldher.Jennydidn’twanthimtodothatbecauseherparentswereverystrictwithher.Thenextdayshegotupveryearlyandwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.Whenthebellrang,shewaswaitinginherseat.Thedooropenedandtheteachercamein.Butitwasn’tMrBlack.ItwasMissGreen.MrBlackwasill,soshewastakinghisclassinstead.HowdisappointedJennywas!ThenextmorningJennygotupevenearlier.Afteraquickbreakfastshehurriedtoschool.Justbeforeshegottoschoolgate,shestopped.Therewasawalletlyingontheground.Shepickeditup.“Whoseisthis?”shewondered.Asshestoodthere,sheheardthefirstbell.“WhatshallIdo?”sheaskedherself.“I’llturnitinfirst,”shedecided.Andsoshedid.Whenshehurriedintoherclassroom,MrBlackwasalreadybeginninghislesson.“JennyWhite,”hesaidassoonashesawher.“Didn’tItellyoutobehereontime?”(Tobecontinued)GRAMMAR（語法）句子的類型(TypesofSentences)1、簡單句(TheSimpleSentence)由一個主語（或并列主語）和一個謂語（或并列謂語）構(gòu)成的句子叫簡單句。如：Igetupatsixinthemorning.MysisterandIgotoschooltogether.2、并列句(TheCompoundSentence)由并列連詞(如and,so,but,yet,or等)把兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連在一起而構(gòu)成的句子叫并列句。如：Ihelphimandhehelpsme.MrBlackwasill,soshewastakinghisclassinstead.ZhangYinglikesEnglish,butheneedshelp.Youcandrawagoodhorseinfiveminutes,yetyoukeptmewaitingforayear.3、復(fù)合句(TheComplexSentence)由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。例如：I’lltellhimassoonasIseehim.(狀語從句)Whenthecrocodilecameupagain,themonkeywasallwet.(狀語從句)I’llgotoseeyouifIhavetime.(狀語從句)Ithinkyoucanfindhimathome.(賓語從句)LESSON5DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Willyougowithmetothezoothisafternoon

Yes,Iwilliftherainstops.AA:WillyoupleasegivethisnotetoTom?

B:Certainly.I’llgiveittohimassoonashecomesback.assoonasIseehim.assoonasschoolisover.(Sorry,Iwon’tbeabletoseehimtoday.)BA:Willyougowithmetothecinemathisafternoon?

B:Yes,IwillifI’mfine.ifmymotherletsme.ifwedon’thaveanyhomework.CA:Willtheswimmingpoolbeopentoday?

B:No,itwon’t.A:Whynot?

B:Becausethey’recleaningthepool.they’rechangingthewater.they’remakingrepairs.TEXT（課文）IT’SUNFAIR(Continued)“I’msorry,sir,”Jennytriedtoexplain.“IwaslatebecauseIhadto….”“Iwillnotlistentoanyexcuse,”MrBlackstoppedher.“Ifyoucan’tgethereontime,I’llhavetowritetoyourfather.”“ButMrBlack,that’s…that’sunfair!”“Unfair!Howdareyousaythat?”MrBlacksaidangrily.“I’llreportyoutotheheadmaster!”“Iwasonlytryingtodoagooddeed,”Jennythought,“andnow….”Shecouldn’tkeepbackhertears.Assoonasthebellrangforthebreak,thedooropenedandincameMrSmith,theheadmaster.Hewasholdingawalletinhishand.“Excuseme,MrBlack,”hesaid,“butisthiswalletyours?”“Why,yes.Itismine.”MrBlackwassurprised.“Ididn’tknowIlostit.”“Oneofourgirlsfounditandturneditinjustbeforeschoolstarted,”MrSmithsaid.“OhWhowasit”MrBlackasked.“Imustthankher.”“ItwasJennyWhite.”MrBlack’sfaceslowlyturnedred.HelookedatJennyandsaid,“I’mverysorry,Jenny.ItakebackwhatIsaid.”“AndI’msorry,MrBlack.I’lltrynotbelateagain,”Jennysaid.GRAMMAR（語法）狀語從句(TheAdverbialClause)在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句根據(jù)它表達的意思的不同可分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較（或：方式）和條件等類。1、時間狀語從句由when,before,after,assoonas,as等連詞引導(dǎo)。Wasitrainingwhenyoucametoschoolyesterday?

Wheredidyourbrotherstudybeforehejoinedthearmy?

IwenttobedaftertheTVplaywasover.I’llgivethenotetohimassoonasIseehim.Asthecrocodilewaswaiting,hesuddenlyheardavoicefromabove.2、條件狀語從句由if等連詞引導(dǎo)I’llgowithyoutothecinemathisafternoonifI’mfree.3、原因狀語從句由because等連詞引導(dǎo)。Theswimmingpoolwon’tbeopentodaybecausethey’rechangingthewater.4、比較（或：方式）狀語從句由than,as…as,notas(so)…as等引導(dǎo)。Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon(is).Thisstoryisasinterestingasthatone(is).BettyisnotastallasRose(is).LESSON6TEXT（課文）THERAILSSINGThisstoryisaboutabrightboyinasmallvillageinEurope.Heworkedinatownfaraway.Everydayhewenttherebytrain.Inthosedays,trainsranveryslowly.Fewpeoplelikedtakingtrains.Butthisboydidn’tmindbecauseheenjoyedlisteningtotheclick,clickoftherails.Oneeveningafterwork,theboywasgoinghomeonthetrain.Hesatinhisseatquietly.Hewaslisteningtotheclickoftherails.Suddenlytherewasabreakinthesingingoftherails.“Somethingiswrong,”saidtheboytohimself.Hestoodup.“Stopthetrain!”hecried.“Somethingiswrongwiththatboy,”someonesaid.Onemanshoutedattheboy,“Bequiet,boy!What’sthematterwithyou?”Anothermansaid,“Don’tbefoolish,boy!”Buttheboywouldnotbequiet.“Stopthetrain!Stopthetrain!There’sdangerahead!”hecried.Hewenttolookfortheconductorofthetrain.“Conductor,”hesaidwhenhefoundtheman.“Pleaselistentotheclickoftherails.Somethingiswrong.”Theconductorlistened.Thenhesaid,“You’requiteright,boy.Wemuststopthetrain.”Thetrainstopped.Theconductorgotoffandcheckedtherails.Whenhegotonthetrainagain,hesaidtotheothers,“Theboywasright.There’ssomethingwrongwithoneoftherailsaboutthirtymetresahead.Hesavedourlives.”Thisboylaterbecameamusician.Manypeoplelikehismusic.Whenyoulistentooneofhispieces,youcanhearclick,click,click.Itsoundslikethesingingofrails.LESSON8DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Here,haveanapple.No,thanks.I’vejusthadone.AA:Whenareyougoingtorenewthebook?

postthephotos?

visitthefarm

B:I’vealreadyrenewthebook.postthephotos.visitedthefarm.BA:Haveyoureturnedthebook?

borrowedanyEnglishmagazines?

boughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary?

B:Yes,Ihave.I’vejustreturnedit.borrowedone.boughtone.CA:HasPeterseenthedoctor?

HasJennyHavetheyB:No,hehasn’t.Buthe’sgoingtoseehimthisafternoon.shehasn’t.she’stheyhaven’t.they’reDIALOGUE（對話）WHAT’SWRONGWITHTOM?

Tomwasveryquietthismorning.Hesaidhefeelsick.“Oh,ooh!Ifeelterrible,”hesaid.“Mum,Ican’tgotoschooltoday.”Sohismothertookhimtoseethedoctor.(Atthedoctor’s)Mother:Goodmorning,Doctor.Doctor:Goodmorning,MrsBrown.Goodmorning,Tom.What’syourtrouble,youngman?

Tom:I…I’vegotaheadacheand…(Beginstocough.)M:Why,Tom,you’recoughingtoo!T:Ooh…Ifeelterrible!D:Haveyoutakenhistemperature

M:Yes.Ihave.Hehasn’tgotafever.D:Tom,openyourmouthandsay“ahh”.T:Ahh!D(toTom’smother):Howlonghashebeenlikethis?

M:Eversincethismorning.D:Hashehadanythingtoeat?

M:He’shadsomebread,twoeggs,aglassofmilkandanorange.D:Didyougivehimanymedicine?

M:No.Hehasn’thadanymedicine.D:Mmm.Howareyoufeelingnow,youngman?

T:Verybad,Doctor.Infact,Ifeelevenworse,Ooh!Ooh!IthinkI’mgoingtodie.D:Die!Youwon’tdie,Tom.You’llbeallrightsoon.M:Soit’snothingserious,Doctor?

D:No.Yoursonwillbeallrightbysuppertime.Tom’stroubleisverycommontoboysthesedays.Itcomesandgoesveryquickly.M:ButIdon’tunderstand,Doctor.D:Thisafternoon,thebiggestfootballgameoftheyearwillbeonTV.IfyoursongfeelswellenoughtowatchTVbythen,he’llbefineafterthegame.Youwaitandsee.M:Oh,Isee!Thankyouverymuch,Doctor.Comealong,Tom.D:Goodbye!LESSON9DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Howmanyphotoshaveyoutaken?Twelve.AA:Whatareyoudoing?

B:I’mreadingSnow-whiteandRose-red.doingmygeographyexercises.makingpaperflowers.A:Howmanypageshaveyouread?

exercisesdone?flowersmade?B:Five.BA:Hastheplanearrived?

theshipleft?

thetraingone?

B:Yes,ithas.A:Whendiditarrive?

leave?

go?

B:Halfanhourago.TEXT（課文）IHAVESUNGALREADYOncearichwomaninvitedMartinBrown,afamoussinger,toherhouse.Shewantedhimtosingforherfriends.Butshedidn’tinvitehimtohavedinnerwiththem.Shetoldhimtoeatdownstairswiththeservants.Thesingerwassurprised.Buthesaidnothingandwentdownstairs.Afterthemealhestoodupandsaidtotheservants:“Now,mygoodfriends,Ishallsingforyou.”O(jiān)fcourse,theservantswerequitepleased.Hesangthemseveralsongs.Therewasnopianointheroom,buthedidn’tmind.Whentheyaskedformore,hesangmore.Atnineo’clocktherichwomanaskedthesingertocomeuptothesitting-room.Whenhecameintheguestswereallseatedandwaitingfortheconcert.“Wearereadynow,MrBrown,”saidthewoman,“youmaybegin.”“Readyforwhat?”askedthesinger.“Foryoursongsofcourse,”sheanswered.“ButIhavesungalready,”saidMrBrown,“andIcan’tsingtwiceinoneevening.”“Youhavesungalready!”saidtherichwomaninsurprise.“Butwhen

Andwheredidyousing?”“Justnow,downstairs.”“Impossible!”shecried.“Butit’squitetrue,madam,”saidthesinger.“IsangforthepeopleafterIhadsupperwiththem,youknow.”Andwithapolite“Goodnight”,helefttherichwoman’shouse.LESSON10DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）HowlonghasMrSmithtaughtinHangzhouForhalfayear.AA:WhendidyougettoknowJack?

begintolearnEnglish

cometothisschool?B:Theyearbeforelast.A:Thenyou’veknowneachotherforabouttwoyears.learnedEnglishbeenhereB:That’sright.BA:Howlonghasyouruncletaughtinthatvillage?

livedinthatstreet?workedonthatfarm?B:He’staughttheresince1965livedhecametothiscity.workedheleftthearmy.TEXT（課文）ANAUSTRALIANBOYINBEIJING809WestChangBeijingDecember21st,1983DearPeter,I’vebeenhereinBeijingforhalfayearnow.BeijingisinthenorthofChina,soit’squitecoldinwinter.Ithasjustsnowedtwicehere.I’mgoingtohavethefirst“WhiteChristmas”inmylife!It’shardtobelieve,isn’titsowarminAustraliaandsocoldhere?

Thankyouforthewonderfulstamp!I’vecollectedoverthreehundredChinesestampssinceIcamehere.I’msendingsomeMonkeyKingstampstoyou.Ithinkyouwilllikethem.Nowtoanswersomeofyourquestions.Yes,I’mlearningChinese.Chineseisquiteadifficultlanguageforme.LasttimeMumaskedforsomequiltsinashop.Theyshowedhersomecups.DadandIhadagoodlaughoverthat.I’velearnedaboutfivehundredChinesewords.IcanevenwritealittleChinesenow.HaveyoulookedatthewordsontheChristmascard

Iwrotethemmyself!No,I’mnotswimming.Instead,I’mlearningtoskateonrealice!I’vehadsomanyfallsthatI’mblackandblueallover.ButI’mlearningfast.I’vetraveledtoseveralplacesinSouthChinawithMumandDadsincewecametoChina.I’veseenalotofinterestingthings.I’vemadequiteafewgoodfriends,too.Ihavetofinishthisletternow.AskUncleJohnandAuntAlicetobringyou,too,whentheycomeinAugust.We’llhaveagoodtimetogetherthen.Yours,MikeGRAMMAR（語法）現(xiàn)在完成時(ThePresentPerfectTence)(Ⅰ)1、現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成助動詞have(has)+過去分詞(規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞的構(gòu)成與動詞過去式相同。不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞見本書末《不規(guī)則動詞表》2、現(xiàn)在完成時的基本概念和用法1）表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，如：Ihavealreadypostedthephotos.我已經(jīng)把照片郵寄了。（“郵寄”是過去發(fā)生的動作，對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“照片不在我這里”。）2）表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和表示一段時間的狀語連用，如：HehaslearnedEnglishforabouttwoyears.TheyhavelivedinBeijingsince1980.3）和現(xiàn)在完成時連用的時間狀語現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)范圍，因而不能喝表示過去時間的狀語連用，如yesterday，lastweek，threeyearsago，in1960等，但可以和already，never（從來沒有），ever，just，yet等狀語連用，如：Hehasalreadydonehisexercises.Ihaven’tlearnedthewordyet.現(xiàn)在完成時還可以和表示從過去某時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時間的狀語連用，象today，thesedays，since…，foralongtime等。例如：Haveyouseenherthesedays?

Wehavelivedinthatstreetforalongtime.Hehastaughtatthisschoolsince1965.LESSON11DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）HaveyoueverbeentoAmericaNo,never.AA:Yourbrotherisasolider,isn’the?

aLeaguemember,inGuangzhou,inEngland,B:Yes,heis.A:howlonghashebeenasolider?

aLeaguemember?there?there?B:Forabouttwomonths.BA:HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

Xi’England

B:No,never.Whataboutyou?

A:Yes,Ihave.B:Howmanytimeshaveyoubeenthere?

A:Onlyonce.TEXT（課文）THEPIANOCONCERTAyoungwomaninasmallGermantownwasgoingtogiveapianoconcert.HerposterssaidshewasapupilofFranzLiszt,thegreatHungarianpianist.Thiswasnottrue.OnedaythewomanlearnedthatLiszthimselfwasintown.Nowpeoplewouldfindoutandshewouldneverbeabletogiveaconcertagain.Whatshouldshedo?

Finallyshewenttoseethefamousmanhimself.Shetoldhimeverything.Herparentsweredeadandshewasalone.Shehadtomakealiving.Shedecidedtogivepianolessonstorichchildren.Butwhowouldsendtheirchildrentoanunknownyoungwoman

SoshetoldpeopleFranzLisztwasherteacher.“Ibelieveyou,”Lisztsaid.“You’vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.That’senough.Nowletmehearyouplay.”Theyoungwomanwasshyatfirst.ButthenshesawLisztsmiling.Itmadeherfeelbetter.Nowshewasn’tafraidanymore.Shestartedplaying.Sheputherheartintoitandsheplayedwonderfully.Lisztwasquitepleased.Whenshefinished,sheturnedtolookatLiszt.Therewasasmileonhisface.Shecouldseehewaspleased.ThenLisztgavehersomeadvice.Afterhefinished,hesaid,“Nowyoureallyaremypupil.Goaheadwithyourconcert.Andyoucanaddanotetotheposters.Saythatyourteacherhimselfwillbethere.Hewillplaythelastpiece.”LESSON12DRILLS（句型練習(xí)）Where’sMum?She’sgonetothebank.AA:Wherehaveyoubeen?

B:I’vejustbeentothelibrary.Didanybodyaskforme?

theLeagueoffice.thereading-room.A:Yes,LiPingdid.Hewantedhisbookback.BA:Where’sWeiFang?

B:She’sgonetotheshop.thepostoffice.theplayground.A:Pleasetellhertocometotheteachers’officeassoonasshecomesback.B:Allright.I’lldothat.TEXT（課文）THEUNIVERSEANDMAN-MADESATELLITESWhenwetalkabouttheuniverse,wemeannotonlytheearth,thesun,themoonandthestars,butalsoallthethingstoofarawaytosee.Inthepastfiftyyearsorso,scientistshavebeenableto“see”fartherandfartherintothesky.Theyhavefoundmany“new”stars.Thosestarsarenotreallynew.Theyhavebeentheremillionsofyears.Ofallthestarsthesunisthenearesttotheearth.Millionsofotherstarsareevenbiggerandbrighterthanthesun.theylooksmallonlybecausetheyaremuchfarthe