分詞做狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)課件

GrammarRevision分詞做狀語和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)分詞做狀語V-ing作狀語,可表時間、原因、方式、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨或陪襯等含義,相當(dāng)于一個對應(yīng)的狀語從句所表達(dá)的意思.1._______（walk）inthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.When….2.______(be)ill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Because…3.______(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.If…Havingmethimformanytimes,shedecidedtohelphimout.Aftershehadmethimformanytimes,…1.v-ing形式作狀語時，若它所表示的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，需用havingdone,被動形式havingbeendone2.v-ing形式作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須和主句主語保持一致；3.否定式直接在分詞前加notNotknowingheraddress,wehadtogetintouchwithher.__________(finish)theclass,shewenthome.___________(catch)onthespot,thethiefhadtoadmithiscrime.Ved作狀語1.過去分詞作狀語，表示時間、條件、原因、讓步、伴隨情況等。過去分詞的邏輯主語是主句的主語______(see)fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Whenitis…_______(keep)inrefrigerator,thesevegetableswillremainfresh.Iftheyare…Deeply________(move)bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.與分詞作狀語交叉Aftershehadfinishedtheofficework,shecametothesittingroomandrelaxed.Havingfinishedtheofficework,she…2.Hesentmeane-mail,________togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hope4.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing5._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.Havewaited C.Havingwaited D.Tohavewaited6.If___thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven7.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited7._____in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.

A.BeingfoundedB.Itwasfounded

C.FoundedD.Founding2.特點1）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，它獨(dú)立存在。2）名詞或代詞與后面的分詞，形容詞，副詞，不定式，介詞等是主謂關(guān)系。3）獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號與主句分開。3.結(jié)構(gòu)名詞/主格代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/不定式/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語Therebeing+名詞/代詞Itbeing+名詞/代詞獨(dú)立主格與狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換當(dāng)狀語從句的主語與主句的主語不同時，可用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)取代狀語從句，但不再保留連詞。Afterclasswasover，thestudentssoonlefttheclassroom.Classbeingover/ClassoverHeisgoingtomakeamodelplane,someoldpartstohelp.Hismother（being）ill,hehadtostayhometolookafterher.Themeeting（being）over,theyallwenthome.OurEnglishteachercameintotheclassroom,bookinhand.n/pron+介詞短語結(jié)構(gòu)中，n/pron前不可用冠詞或形容詞性物主代詞（his，her，our…）Practice1.Thecave________verydark,helitsomecandles________light.was;given B.was;togiveC.being;givenD.being;togive2.Thesoldierrushedintothecave,hisrighthand________agunandhisface________withsweat.Aheld;coveredB.holding;coveringC.holding;coveredD.held;covering3.Thegirlinthesnapshot（快照）wassmilingsweetly,herlonghair_________.A.flowedinthebreezeB.wasflowinginthebreezeC.wereflowinginthebreezeD.flowinginthebreeze5.____,wewenthome.A.OurhomeworkhadbeenfinishedB.OurhomeworkhavingbeenfinishedC.OurhomeworkfinishingD.Ourhomeworkbeenfinished6.Themeeting____,hewentbacktohiscompany.A.OverB.hadoverC.wasoverD.havebeenover7.____,heputonhiscoat.A.ItbeingcoldB.ItcoldC.BeingcoldD.Ithavingbeencold8.Time____,weshallvisitthezoo.A.beenpermittingB.permittingC.permittedD.havingbeenpermitted9._______,wehavetogetdowntobusinessrightaway．A.Therewasnotimeleft

B.ThereisnotimeleftC.Therebeingnotimeleft

D.Theretobenotimeleft10.Shestoodthere,_______fromhercheeks.tears'rollingdown

B.tearsrolleddown

C.withtearsrolleddown

D.tearsrollingdown11.Theboystoodbeforetheroastedduck,hiseyes_______onitandhismouth_______.A.werefixed,waswatered

B.fixed,watering

C.fixed,watered

D.werefixing,waswatering12.__