外研版高中英語選修六-1-6單元知識點歸納

外研版高中英語選修六-1-6單元知識點歸納外研版高中英語選修六-1-6單元知識點歸納外研版高中英語選修六-1-6單元知識點歸納xxx公司外研版高中英語選修六-1-6單元知識點歸納文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設計，管理制度外研版高中英語選修六1-6單元知識點歸納TOC\o"1-3"\h\u18891Module1 118960重點單詞 132011經典短語透視 226858熱點語法聚焦（非重點） 330282Module2 431972重點單詞 414296經典短語透視 518916熱點語法聚焦（重點） 632115Module3 720065重點單詞 724252經典短語透視 84712熱點語法聚焦(重點） 916024Module4 1017436重點單詞 1013895經典短語透視 1113523熱點語法聚焦（非重點） 1125202Module5 139344重點單詞 1327016經典短語透視 1429963熱點語法聚焦（非重點） 153614Module6 1528098重點單詞 1529997經典短語透視 1714098熱點語法聚焦(非重點） 17Module1重點單詞【詞條1】lack【點撥】lack動詞,意為"缺乏,沒有"。如:Heisgoodathisjobbutheseemstolackconfidence.Whathelacksinexperiencehemakesupforinenthusiasm.【拓展】1.lack的常用短語有:belacking"欠缺,缺乏"；belackingin"缺乏(某種品質、特點等)"；lack(for)nothing"應有盡有"。如:Moneyfortheprojectisstilllacking.Ithinkthefilmislackinginpace.Theyhavegoteverythingreadyandtheylackfornothing.2.lack還可作名詞,常與of連用,意為"缺乏,沒有"。forlackof"因為缺乏……"。如:Theworkhadtobestoppedforlackoffunds.Theflowerswitheredforlackofwater.【詞條2】reply【點撥】名詞,意為"回答,答復",常與介詞to連用。如:Isitareplytothefirstorthesecondletter?Tomyanger,shemadenoreplytomyquestion.其常用在短語inreplyto中,意為"作為對……的回答,回復"。如:Whatdidhedoinreplytoyourchallenge?【拓展】reply也可作動詞,意為"回答,答復",reply(to.../that...)。如:Theteachergavemenochancetoreplytoherquestion.Lilyrepliedthatsheknewnothingaboutit.【詞條3】apology【點撥】apology名詞,意為"道歉,歉意",常用于短語:offer/makeanapologytosb."向某人道歉",acceptanapology"接受道歉"。如:It’simpoliteofyoutoleavewithoutawordofapology.Inmyjudgment,weshouldaccepttheirapology.You’dbettermakeanapologyforyourabsence.【拓展】其動詞形式為apologize,意為"道歉,表示歉意",常用短語為:apologizetosb.(forsth.)"(因某事)向某人道歉"。如:Imustapologizefornotbeingabletomeetyouthatday.IthinkTommighthaveapologizedtoJaneforwhathedid.經典短語透視【短語1】thinkof【點撥】thinkof可意為"想起,想出"。如:Thephotomademethinkofmychild-hood.ItwasTomwhothoughtofthegoodplan.【拓展】think的其他常用短語:1.thinkhighly/muchof重視,高度贊揚。如:AlltheteachersthinkhighlyofJohnbecauseheisverysmartandkind.2.thinkabout考慮。如:Iwasthinkingaboutsomethingelseandmissedyourwords.3.thinkover仔細考慮。如:Pleasethinktheplanoverandletmeknowyourdecisiontomorrow.【短語2】inaddition【點撥】inaddition意為"另外,此外"。如:IwritemyownsongsandIplaytheguitarinaddition.Youneedmoneyandtime.Inaddition,youneeddiligence.【拓展】inadditionto除……之外(還有),to為介詞,后接名詞或動詞-ing形式。如:HisbrothercanspeakthreeforeignlanguagesinadditiontoEnglish.besides也意為"除……之外(還有)"。如:Theplaywasbadlyacted,besidesbeingfartoolong.【短語3】leaveout【點撥】leaveout意為"省去,刪去"。如:InWesterncountries,peopleusuallyleaveoutNo.13asthenumberisthoughtunlucky.

Youcanleaveouttheunnecessarywordswhenwritingdownthenotes.【拓展】1.leaveout還可意為"漏掉,遺漏"。如:Decidewithyoupartnerwhichwordshavebeenleftout.2.與leave相關的常用短語:leavebehind遺留,留下Itleftbehindalongtrainofproblemsanddifficulties.leaveover剩余,暫不解決Weshallhavetoleavethequestionovertillthenextmeeting.leavealone別管,不理會IfIwereyou,I’dleavethisquestionalone.【短語4】showoff【點撥】showoff意為"炫耀"。如:Thoseboysalwaysshowofftheirsportsskillstothegirls.Hisbrotherlikestoshowoffhisknowledgeinpublic.【拓展】與show相關的常用短語:showsb.around領某人參觀Theheadmastershowedusaroundtheschool.showup出席,到場Thepartyisabouttobegin,butMr.Wanghasn’tshownup.熱點語法聚焦（非重點）didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone的區(qū)別(非重點）didn’tneedtodo和needn’thavedone都有"過去不必做某事"的意思,但是didn’tneedto表示"過去沒有必要做某事,事實上也沒做"；needn’thavedone表示"過去本來不必做某事,實際上卻做了"。如:Ididn’tneedtotakeataxifromtheair-port—therewasabusallthewayintothecity.Ineedn’thavebookedinadvance;therewereplentyofticketsleft.此外,要注意need的其它用法:need可作實義動詞,也可作情態(tài)動詞。1.作實義動詞時,need有人稱和數的變化,后可以接名詞、代詞、動詞不定式和動名詞等,否定式要在前面加don’t(doesn’t,didn’t),疑問句用do(does,did)提問。如:Thecompanyneedssomegoodsalesmen.Hisbrokencarneedstoberepaired.=Hisbrokencarneedsrepairing.2.作情態(tài)動詞時,need沒有人稱和數的變化,后接動詞原形,否定式為needn’t,常用在否定句和疑問句中。如:Youneedn’tworryabouthim.Heisverymaturenow.—NeedIstayanotherday?

—Yes,youmust.Module2重點單詞【詞條1】behave【點撥】behave用作不及物動詞,意為"(舉止或行為)表現"。如:Shehasbeenbehavingverypolitely.另外,behave還可意為"舉止得體；守規(guī)矩",常和反身代詞連用。如:Can’tyoumakeyourlittlechildbehavehimself?

【拓展】well-/ill-/badly-behavedadj.表現得好的/不好的；behaviorn.行為,舉止如:Heisthoughttobeawell-behavedchild.Shewasashamedofherchildren’sbadbehavior.【詞條2】appeal【點撥】appeal可用作名詞,意為"吸引力,感染力"。如:Filmsofthissorthavelosttheirappealforme.【拓展】1.appeal用作名詞時,還可意為"呼吁,請求"。如:Hisappealforforgivenesswentunanswered.Anappealisbeingmadeforhelpforthosewholosttheirhomesintheearthquake.2.appeal還可用作動詞,意為"引起興趣；呼吁,請求",常跟介詞to連用。如:Doestheideaofworkingabroadappealtoyou?Thepoliceareappealingtothepublicforanyinformationaboutthis.【詞條3】awake【點撥】awake可用作形容詞,意為"醒著的"。如:Ihavelainawakeallnightthinkingovertheproblem.注意:awake是表語形容詞,不能用于名詞前作定語。類似的形容詞還有asleep,alive,aware等。【拓展】awake(awoke,awoken)可作不及物動詞,意為"醒來",這時與wakeup意義相近；awake也可作及物動詞,意為"喚醒,叫醒；喚起(記憶)；激起(情感)"。如:Iawaketotheringingofanelectricbelleveryday.Thethunderawokemelastnight.Hisfathertriedtoawakehimtoasenseofduty.Nothingcanawakeherinterestinfoot-ball.經典短語透視【短語1】aheadof【點撥】aheadof意為"在……之前"。如:ThetimehereisninehoursaheadofLondon.Aheadofuswasanarrowandmuddyroad.【拓展】aheadof還可意為"勝過,優(yōu)于；(數量、價格等)超過"。如:Inmanagement,ourcompanyiswellaheadoftheirs.Theirpayofferwaswellaheadofinflation.【短語2】holdout【點撥】holdout可意為"伸出,拿出"。如:WhenIarrived,Maryheldoutherhandinwelcome.【拓展】holdout還可意為"維持；堅持(抵抗)"。如:Wewereshortofwaterbutitcouldholdoutforanotherday.Theyheldoutagainsttheenemyfortwodaysandnights.Thetownwassurrounded,butthecitizensheldoutuntilhelpatlastcame.【短語3】putdown【點撥】putdown可意為"放下"。如:Putdownthatknifebeforeyouhurtsomebody!【拓展】1.putdown還可意為"寫下,記下；鎮(zhèn)壓；消滅"。如:Putdownyournotesatthebottomofthepaper.Theuprisingwasputdownthreedayslater.can’tputsth.down愛不釋手；不忍釋卷。如:Itisaninterestingstoryandhecan’tputitdownuntilhehasfinishedreadingit.2.與put相關的常用短語:putout出版；生產；使熄滅,撲滅；putup樹立；putoff推遲；putaside把……擱在一邊；putforward提出；putupwith容忍。如:Besuretoputoutthelightbeforeyougotobed.Thebuildingwillbeputupinthecentreofthecampus.Don’tputofftilltomorrowwhatcanbedonetoday.Heputasidehisworktospendmoretimewithhisfamily.Heputforwardaverygoodsuggestionatthemeeting.Icouldhardlyputupwiththechildanylonger.熱點語法聚焦（重點）動詞的-ing形式作狀語（高考重點）可表示時間、原因、條件、結果、讓步、方式、伴隨或對謂語加以補充說明等。如:Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.(時間)Itrainedfortwoweeks,completelyruiningthecrops.(結果)Turningtotherightatthecrossing,youwillseethepostofficerightbeforeyou.(條件)Beingbusyandexhausted,hegaveusalotofhelp.(讓步)WeChineseeatourfoodusingchopsticks.(方式)Notknowinghowtodealwiththeproblem,theboyturnedtohisteacher.(原因）Laughingandtalkingloudly,welefttheparty.(伴隨)【難點點撥】1.現在分詞作狀語時,其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致,它所表示的動作應該是句中主語所發(fā)出的動作,即現在分詞和句子主語之間構成主動關系。如:Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wecangetafullviewofthecountry.(we與see之間是主動關系)2.現在分詞作狀語時,其前可加while,when,after,before,though,unless等連詞,on,upon等介詞或thus,completely等副詞。如:Whiledoingtheexperiment,wediscoveredthenewchemical.Takethemedicinethreetimesadayafterhavingeachmeal.Onhearingthenews,sherushedouttheroom.Mycarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.3.有時用"(with/without)+賓語+現在分詞"結構作狀語。如:Icouldn’tfocusmyattentionwiththatnoisegoingon.高考真題加改編題目練習：1．(2015·課標全國Ⅱ，64)Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty，whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithout________(use)electricequipment.2．(2015·安徽，27改編)________(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.3．(2015·北京，21改編)________(catch)theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.4．(2015·北京，23改編)Theparkwasfullofpeople，________(enjoy)themselvesinthesunshine.5．(2015·天津，8改編)________(work)fortwodays，Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule.6．(2015·陜西，17改編)AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwenton________(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.7．(2015·浙江，18改編)Listeningtomusicathomeisonething，goingtohearit________(perform)liveisquiteanother.8．(2015·湖南，30改編)Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile，shestoodrootedtotheground，________(wonder)whethertostayorleave.9．(2015·福建，28改編)________(learn)moreaboutChineseculture，JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmusicasanelectivecourse.10．(2015·江蘇，24改編)Muchtime________(spend)sittingatadesk，officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.Module3重點單詞【詞條1】raise【點撥】vt.可意為"招募,籌措(金錢)"。如:Itvotedtoraise100,000troopsimmediately.HeaskedmetowritealeaflettoraisemoneyforHopeSchools.【拓展】raise還可意為"舉起；增加,提高；提出；撫養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng)；引起"。如:Thewindraisedthefallenleavesfromtheground.Thebosshaspromisedtoraisetheirpay.Hewassoangryastoraisehisvoice.Thequestionwasraisedatthemeeting.Iwasraisedbymyauntonafarm.Thediscussionraisedourinterest.【辨析】raise＆rise兩者都可以表示"上升；增長"之意,不同的是raise是及物動詞,rise是不及物動詞。如:OnMondaymorning,wewerewatchingthechildrenraisingthenationalflagandwesawitrisingslowlyinthewind.【詞條2】regret【點撥】regret可用作動詞,意為"懊悔,惋惜；遺憾",后接名詞、代詞、that從句、不定式、動名詞等。如:Iregretmyrefusaltohisinvitation.IregretthatIcan’tattendtheparty.Weregrettoinformyouthatyoufailedagain.Wehavedeeplyregrettedsellingthefarm.注意:其后接動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式時意思有區(qū)別。試體會:IregrettotellyouthatIhavenonewsforyou.(遺憾要做某事)IregrettellingTomthetruth.(后悔做了某事)【拓展】regret也可作名詞,意為"遺憾,后悔；歉意"。如:Wedecidedwithgreatregretthatwecouldn’tofferyoutheposition.feelnoregretat對……不感到遺憾muchtoone’sregret使某人非常遺憾的是expressone’sregretat對……表示遺憾【詞條3】forgive【點撥】vt.＆vi.意為"原諒,寬恕",常用于結構forgivesb.forsth./doingsth.,也可以接雙賓語。如:Iwillneverforgiveyouforwhatyou’veeverdonetome.Eventually,sheforgavehimthebadbehavior.【拓展】forgivenessn.原諒,寬恕,饒恕forgivingadj.寬大的,仁慈的經典短語透視【短語1】keepintouch(with)【點撥】keepintouch(withsb.)意為"(與某人)保持聯系",也可寫作stay/beintouch(withsb.)。如:Thisismycard.Let’skeepintouch.I’vekeptintouchwithmostofmyclassmatesinthemiddleschool.【拓展】與touch相關的常見搭配還有:getintouchwith"與……取得聯系"；losetouchwith/beoutoftouchwith"與……失去/沒有聯系"。如:WehavelosttouchwithJohnsincewemovedtoJapan.Writetomeasoftenasyoucan.Idon’twanttolosetouchwithyou.【短語2】knockover【點撥】knockover意為"撞倒,擊倒"。如:Adrunkendriverknockedoverninepeople,causingfivedeaths.【拓展】與knock相關的短語還有:knockdown"打倒,推倒"；knockoff"停止,中斷"；knockout"擊敗,擊倒"。如:HeknockedTomdownwithoneblowofhisfist.Weknockedoffworkfortea.Ourteamwasknockedoutinthefirstpartofthecompetition.【短語3】makeup【點撥】makeup可意為"和好"。如:IfoundithardtomakeupwithJoanafterwequarreledaboutthebeautifulstamp.【拓展】makeup還有以下常用意思:Youshouldn’tbelievehim.Heismakingthewholethingup.(編造)Whoeverattendstheballissupposedtomakeup.(化妝)Youmustmakeuptheworkyoumissed.(補上)熱點語法聚焦(重點）1.非謂語動詞的完成式havingdone的用法非謂語動詞的完成式havingdone表示在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生的動作。其否定式為nothavingdone。如:Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,hegaveupsmoking.Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedtheexaminations.分詞的被動式表示它的邏輯主語是-ing分詞動作的承受者。根據-ing分詞動作發(fā)生的時間,-ing分詞的被動式有一般被動式(beingdone)和完成被動式(havingbeendone)。如:Henevertalkedabouthishavingbeeninterviewedbythereporter.Thequestionbeingdiscussedisveryimportant.2.非謂語動詞的-ing形式和todo形式的區(qū)別（重點主要是一些固定搭配，初中已經講過，需要熟悉再次識記）有些動詞既能接不定式,又能接-ing形式,含義有所不同。如:(1)forget,remember,regret等詞后面接不定式表示不定式動作后于謂語動作,而后接-ing形式作賓語表示動名詞動作先于謂語動作。如:Doyourememberseeingmebefore你記得以前見過我嗎

Remembertolockthedoorwhenyouleave.離開時要記得鎖門。(2)動詞mean,stop,try,goon等動詞后面接動名詞和接不定式作賓語,意思也有所不同。如:Imeantochangeitforanotherone.我想換成另外一個。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.誤了這班車就意味著再等一個小時。(3)動詞allow,advise,forbid,permit等可直接跟-ing形式作賓語,不可以接動詞不定式作賓語,但可接不定式作賓語補足語。如:Pleasepermitmetosayafewwords.請允許我說幾句話。Wedon’tpermitsmokinghere.我們這兒不允許吸煙。(4)動詞need,require,want作"需要"解時,后面接-ing分詞或不定式被動式。如:Theselittlechildrenrequirelookingaftercarefully/tobelookedaftercarefully.這些小孩需要細心地照料。(5)動詞like,hate,prefer等后面,如表示一般性動作,多用-ing形式；如指特定的具體的某次動作,多用不定式。如:Ilikeswimming,butIdon’tliketoswimwithyou.我喜歡游泳,但我不喜歡和你一起游泳。Module4重點單詞【詞條1】combine【點撥】combinevi./vt.聯合,結合,合并。常用作結構combine...with..."把……與……結合"。如:Thetwocountriescombinedagainsttheircommonenemy.Hecombinedhisscientificknowledgewithhisfriend’sbusinessskillandstartedacompany.Hisefforts,combinedwithhisdetermination,helpedhimachievegreatsuccess.【拓展】combinationn.聯合,合作,結合combinedadj.組合的,結合的【詞條2】relax【點撥】relaxvi./vt.放松,使輕松。如:Thedoctortoldhimtorelaxaweekorsobeforegoingbacktowork.Thisequipmentwillhelprelaxyourmuscles.【拓展】relax還可意為"放寬；使松弛"。如:Theyrelaxedtheregulationsafterthereform.relaxedadj.放松的,鎮(zhèn)定的relaxingadj.令人放松的Shehadaveryrelaxedmanner.It’sreallyarelaxingwalk.【詞條3】present【點撥】present可用作動詞,意為"贈送；頒發(fā)(獎品等)；提出"。如:WhenMr.Smithleftourcompany;ourmanagerpresentedhimwithagoldenwatch.Thewinnerwaspresentedwiththeprizebythechairman.【拓展】1.present作名詞,可意為"禮物,贈品；現在,目前"。如:Idon’twantallthesebooks;I’llmakeyouapresentofthem.Sheisbusyatpresent,andshecan’tspeaktoyou.Let’sleavethingsastheyareforthepresent.2.present作形容詞,意為"出席的,在場的；目前的,現在的"。如:It’sunfairtodiscusshiscaseifheisn’tpresent.Thepresentsituationseemstobeintheirfavor.經典短語透視【短語1】inadditionto【點撥】inadditionto意為"除……之外(還有)",其中to為介詞,所以后面要跟名詞、代詞和動名詞等。如:Inadditiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputers,thecoursealsopro-videspracticalexperience.【拓展】1.besides作介詞時,和其意思和用法相同。如:Wehavelotsofthingsincommonbesidesdance.2.inaddition相當于副詞,可譯為"另外,加之"。如:Youneedmoneyandtime;inaddition,youneedintelligence.【短語2】drawupon/on【點撥】drawupon/on意為"憑借,利用"。如:Rereadyourpreviousessaysforideasandinformation,whichyoumaywanttodrawupon.Awriterhastodrawuponhisimaginationandexperience.【拓展】drawon/upon還可意為"臨近,(時光)漸漸過去"。如:Winterisdrawingon.Itgrewcolderasnightdrewon.【短語3】betrueof【點撥】betrueof意為"(某種情況)適用于,適宜于"。如:Thisprincipleistrueofeverybody.Thefoodisgoodandthesameistrueoftheservice.【拓展】根據下列例句體會與true相關短語的意義:Thepictureistruetolife.(逼真)Heisalwaystruetohispromise.(信守)MyfathersaidIshouldbealawyerandithascometrue.(實現)熱點語法聚焦（非重點）一、現在完成進行時由"has/havebeen+動詞-ing"構成,其主要用法有:1.表示動作從過去開始一直持續(xù)到說話時,并且還有可能繼續(xù)下去。這一用法常和表示一段時間的狀語,如:Forthreeyears,allthistime,allone’slife,allthemorning,thesefewweeks.以及由for或since引導的時間狀語連用。如:He’sbeenwatchingtelevisionallday.Ihavebeenteachinginthemiddleschoolfortenyears.2.表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到說話時刻的動作,在說話時刻這個動作剛剛結束。如:Ihavejustbeensayinggoodbyetomyfriend.3.表示一直到說話時為止的一段時間內反復發(fā)生的動作。如Haveyoubeenmeetinghimlately二、與現在完成時的比較:1.從定義上來看,現在完成時(havedone)表示的是已經完成的動作或者狀態(tài),常常與already"已經"或ever"曾經"連用。如:WehavealreadylearntUnit2.(我們已經學習了第二單元。)SheisthemostbeautifulgirlIhaveeverseen.(她是我見過的最漂亮的女孩。)而現在完成進行時則表示的是從過去某一時刻開始一直延續(xù)到現在,并且有可能還要進行下去的動作,具有未完成的特點,一般不與already或ever等連用。如:WehavebeenlearningUnit2.我們一直在學習第二單元。(沒學完)2.現在完成時表示次性,現在完成進行時可以表示動作的重復,請看以下句子:Ihavemethimatthelibrary.(我在圖書館見過他。)Ihavebeenmeetinghimatthelibrary.(我經常在圖書館看見她。)3.現在完成時和現在完成進行時都可以表示剛剛結束的動作,但在含上有區(qū)別。現在完成時強調的是動作的結果,而現在完成進行時強調的則是動作的過程。如:Weareverytired.We’vebeencleaningthehouse.我們很累,我們一直在打掃房子。(強調動作)We’vecleanedthehouse.Youmaycomeinnow.我們打掃過房子了,你可以進來了。(強調結果"房子干凈")4.現在完成時通常只陳述事實,而現在完成進行時還可表示一種感情色彩。如:Ihavewaitedfortwohours.我等了兩個小時。(陳述事實)Ihavebeenwaitingfortwohours.我等了兩個小時。(等得好辛苦)5.現在完成進行時通常用來談論較短暫的動作或情況；若要談論時間延續(xù)較長的動作或情況或永久性情況,則通常用現在完成時。如:HehaslivedinParis.他(一直)住在巴黎。HehasbeenlivinginParis.他(目前)住在巴黎。(表暫時性)6.不用于進行時態(tài)的動詞通常也不用于現在完成進行時,但它們可以用于現在完成時。如:I’veonlyknownherfortwodays.我認識她剛剛兩天。They’vebeenmarriedfortwentyyears.他們結婚已二十年了。Thewarhaslastedforalongtime.這場戰(zhàn)爭已經持續(xù)了很長時間。7.現在完成進行時不用于被動語態(tài),若要用可用現在完成時的被動語態(tài)代替。如:Thehousehasbeenpaintedforamonth.這房子已漆了一個月。Theproblemhasbeenstudiedforfivedays.這個問題已研究了五天。Module5重點單詞【詞條1】refuse【點撥】refuse為動詞,意為"拒絕"。常用于結構:① refusetodosth.② refuse+n./pron.③ refusesb.sth.。如:WhatannoyeduswasthatMaryrefusedtotalkaboutthismatter.Herefusedhisfriend’sinvitationtogoonanadventure.Sheissoenthusiasticthatyoucan’trefuseheranything.【拓展】1.辨析refuse＆reject＆decline這幾個詞都可作"拒絕"解。其區(qū)別在于:refuse是表示"拒絕"這一概念的最普通的用詞,可接不定式,表示拒絕做某事,也可接名詞,表示不接受；reject語氣比refuse強,表示斷然拒絕。如果不同意一種意見或信仰,通常用reject；decline比較正式,表示禮貌、客氣地"婉拒",當表示對于對方的邀請、請求、提議等表示"不接受"時,可以用decline來緩和語氣。如:Irefusedtotakepartinanythingthatisillegal.Thearmydoctorsrejectedseveralrecruitsasunfit.Iinvitedhertojoinus,butshedeclined.2.refusal為refuse的名詞形式,意為"拒絕,拒不"。如:Yourrefusalofsuchagoodofferwasveryfoolish.【詞條2】arise【點撥】arise為不及物動詞,意為"產生；出現"。常用搭配:ariseoutof/fromsth."由……引起"。如:Wedidn’tknowhowthequarrelarose.Disagreementshavearisenfromthenewprogram.【拓展】1.arise還可意為"站起來,起立"。如:Hearose,tellingmethathewouldwaitformeoutsidetheoffice.2.注意幾個與arise意義相近的詞:(1)rise是不及物動詞,意為"上升；升起；增加；提高"。也可意為"起床"和"站起身",這時可與arise換用。如:Ourhopesroseandfellinthesameinstant.Thechairmanrosefromhischairandcameforwardtopresenttheaward.Wearosefromthechairswhentheguestenteredtheroom.(2)raise是及物動詞,意為"舉起；使起來；提高；提出"。如:Heraisedhishandtoaskthespeakerquestions.Mysalarywasraisedto8,000yuanamonth.(3)arouse也是及物動詞,意為"喚醒；激起；引起"。如:Iwassuddenlyarousedbythethunder.Greatenthusiasmwasarousedbythespeech.【詞條3】accompany【點撥】accompany動詞,可意為"陪伴"。如:Willyouaccompanymeindrinkingaglassofwine?【拓展】accompany還可意為"伴隨發(fā)生；伴奏"。如:Lightningusuallyaccompanieswiththunder.Thepianistaccompaniedhersinging.經典短語透視【短語1】treat...as...【點撥】treat...as...意為"把……當成……"。如:Peopleherealltreatmeasanexpertonfarming.【拓展】下面的詞組都可以表示"把……當成……"。如:Allthepatientsregardhimasaconsideratenurse.Shethinksofthemonitorastheclevereststudentintheclass.Theylookonothers’difficultiesastheirown.Thissculptureisconsideredasasymbolofthiscity.【短語2】relyon【點撥】relyon意為"依靠,指望",常用于以下結構:Theyusuallyrelyonthemselves.(relyonsth.)Theyhavetorelyontheriverfortheirwater.(relyonsth.for)YoucanrelyonPetertodowhathepromises.(relyonsb.todosth.)【拓展】counton和dependon/upon都可意為"依靠,依賴"。如:IcancountonBilltogetthejobdone.Oursuccessmostlydependsonyourhelp.【短語3】breakdown【點撥】breakdown可意為"分解,分化"。如:Aftermanyyears,rocksbreakdownintodirt.【拓展】根據下列例句體會breakdown的其他意思:Wearelatebecausethecarbrokedownhalfway.(壞了)Thepeacetalkshavebrokendownbecauseneithersidewouldcompromise.(失敗)Shebrokedownwithasobandcoveredherfacewiththehands.(感情失控)Theexpenditureontheprojectbreaksdownasfollows:wages5,000dollars,materials8,000dollars.(分割)熱點語法聚焦（非重點）虛擬語氣是一種特殊的謂語動詞形式，用于表示說話人的假設、愿望、懷疑或推測等。本期重點講述虛擬語氣在if引導的非真實條件狀語從句中的用法。if引導的非真實條件句表示的是假設的或實際可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。虛擬條件句從時間上又分為與現在事實相反、與過去事實相反、與將來事實可能相反三種情況。以下表格是虛擬語氣用于if條件狀語從句中時，主句和從句謂語動詞的形式：基本用法情況從句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞與現在事實相反過去式(be的過去式用were)should/would/could/might＋動詞原形與過去事實相反haddoneshould/would/could/might＋havedone與將來事實相反過去式、should＋動詞原形、wereto＋動詞原形should/would/could/might＋動詞原形①IfIwereyou，Iwoulddoitanotherway.IfIsawhernow，Iwouldbeveryhappy.②Ifhehadtakenmyadvice，heshouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.③Ifheshouldcomeheretomorrow，Ishould/wouldtalktohim.Ifitweretoraintomorrow，thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.Module6重點單詞【詞條1】occupy【點撥】occupy為動詞,可意為"占領"。如:GermanyoccupiedalotofcountriesduringtheSecondWorldWar.【拓展】1.occupy還可意為"占或充滿(時間,空間)；擔任(職務)；占據(頭腦,思想)"。常用于結構:①occupyoneselfindoingsth./withsth./忙于,從事于②beoccupiedindoingsth./withsth.專心于,忙于。如:Theheadmaster’sspeechoccupiedthreehoursinall.Myfatheroccupiesanimportantpositionintheclub.Mybusinessoccupiesmymindconstantly.Mylittlesisteroccupiedherselfwithherhomeworklastnight.Asthefinalexamisdrawingnear,allthestudentsareoccupiedinreviewingtheirlessons.2.occupation名詞,意為"占有；職業(yè)"。如:Theworker’soccupationofthefactorylastedtwoweeks.Pleasestateyourname,ageandoccupation.【詞條2】overlook【點撥】overlook動詞,意為"往下看,俯視"。如:Thehouseonthehilloverlooksthevillage.Fromthetopofthehill,wecanoverlookthewholeoftheharbor.【拓展】1.overlook還可意為"忽視,忽略"。如:Youhaveoverlookedseveralmistakesinthiswork.2.辨析overlook＆lookoveroverlook為單個動詞,意為"俯視；忽視"；lookover為動詞短語,意為"檢查,查看"。如:Don’toverlookthestudentswhoarepoorintheirstudies.Wemustlookoverthehousebeforewedecidetorentit.【詞條3】wound【點撥】wound可用作動詞,意為"使受傷"。如:Thebulletwoundedhimintheleftleg.【拓展】1.wound還可用作名詞,意為"創(chuàng)傷,傷口"。如:Thesoldierreceivedaseriouswoundinthechest.2.辨析wound＆inj