2021年中考英語真題分項匯編 16 閱讀理解 考點3 說明文專題

2021年中考真題英語分項匯編

專題16.3閱讀理解（說明文）A（2021.青海中考真題）It'sbeenoverayearsinceCOVID-19firstappearedandtheviruscontinuestobeaprobleminmanypartsoftheworld,scientistshaverealizedthedevelopmentofvaccines（疫苗）isasolutiontothepandemic.Aglobalefforttovaccinateasmanypeopleaspossiblewouldbeneeded,sincevaccinestypicallytakeyearstodevelop.OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved（批準(zhǔn)）byUKhealthdepartment.However,thesevaccinesmustbestoredatverylowtemperatures,whichisnotpossibleeverywhere.Inresponse,ChinesecompanieslikeSinopharmandSinovaehavedevelopedvaccinesthatcanbekeptatnormaltemperatures.Now,vaccinesarebeingrolledoutallovertheworld,withmillionsofpeoplebeingvaccinatedeveryday.InChina,285millionvaccinedoses（劑量）hadbeengivensofar.Meanwhile,theUShasgivenout247milliondoses.TheUKnowstandsat50milliondoses.Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity（群體免疫）inordertostopthevirusfromspreading.Theworldhascometounderstandthatthevaccineswillprotectus.Therefore,sharingvaccineshasbecomeakeyfactorofstayingsafeandhealthyworldwide.Unfortunately,noteveryonecangetthevaccineyet.Childrenbnlowtheageof16can'tbevaccinatedbecauseIheyhavenolyelbeentestedonIhem.Thosewhohaveahistoryofvaccineallergies（過敏）shouldn'tgetit,either.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。Thevaccinedevelopedbycannotbestoredatnormaltemperatures.A.UKhealthdepartmentB.SinopharmA.UKhealthdepartmentB.SinopharmD.PfizerC.SinovaeD.PfizerAccordingtothepassage,millionvaccinedoseshadbeengivensofarinChina.A. 50 B. 247 C.285 D. 582Inparagraph4,theunderlinedword“rumors"probablymeans.A.謊言 B.謠言 C.建議 D.騙局Thepurposeforvaccinatingasmanypeopleaspossibleisto.A.buildmassimmunity B.sharethevaccinesC.developvaccinesquickly D.geteveryonevaccinatedInparagraph5,theword"they”,intheunderlinedsentencerefersto.A.children B.companiesC.vaccines D.experts【答案】DCBAC【分析】本文主要介紹為了解決新冠肺炎病毒的傳播，人們陸續(xù)意識到接種疫苗的重要性，本文主要以數(shù)據(jù)來說明接種疫苗的普遍性，以及不能接種疫苗的人群有哪些。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnDec2,2020,thefirstCOVIDvaccine,thePfizervaccine,wasapproved（批準(zhǔn)）byUKhealthdepartment”可知，由輝瑞疫苗研制的疫苗不能在正常溫度中儲存，故選D。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InChina,285millionvaccinedoses（劑量）hadbeengivensofhr”可知，到目前為止，中國共接種了2.85億劑疫苗，故選C。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)"Althoughtherehavebeenrumorsaboutvaccinesbeingunsafe,mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity（茸羊體免疫）inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，盡管還有很多關(guān)于疫苗不安全的謠言，但是大部分人們已經(jīng)意識到接種疫苗的重要性，所以rumors表示“謠言”，故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“mostofpeopleseemtorealizetheimportanceofvaccinationforbuildingmassimmunity（群體免疫）inordertostopthevirusfromspreading”可知，讓盡可能多的人接種疫苗的目的是建立群體免疫，故選Ao.i司義猜測題。根據(jù)"Childrenbelowtheageof16can'tbevaccinatedbecausetheyhavenotyetbeentestedonthem”可知，此處指這些疫苗還沒有在16歲以下孩子身上測試過，所以they指代“疫苗”，故選C。B（2021?湖南湘潭市?中考真題）Azero-wastelifeisalifestylethathardlycreatesanyrubbish.“Zerowaste“wasfirstsuggestedbyaFrenchwomancalledBeaJohnson.Herideais:livealifeandtrynottocreateanyrubbish;usedifferentkindsofwaystosavetheenvironment,suchasstoppingtheuseofone-offobjects;givingunwantedthingstoothersordonatingthesethingstoorganizationsliketheRedCross.Azero-wastelifefollowsthe6Rrule一Refuse,Reduce,Reuse,Repair,RecycleandRot.ChenYuan,27,isdeeplyinterestedinthisidea.SheandherboyfriendJoehavelivedinBeijingformanyyears.OverAugust-OctoberwhenChenfollowedtheruleofzerowaste6R,sheandherboyfriendbothproducedonlytwocansofrubbish.NowthecouplehaveopenedasmallshopinBeijing,wheretheyusewoodproductstotaketheplaceofplasticonesandclothbagsprintedwithenvironmentallogos.Thestorealsohassecond-handbooksandCDstomakethebestoftheusedthings.“Thezero-wastelifestyleisnotfbrascetics（苦行僧）.Itisjustaroundus."Chenexpectssomeofherfriendstojoinherontheroadtozerowaste.BeaJohnsonsuggeststhatpeopleshould.trytocreatenorubbishthrowawayunwantedthingsusetheone-offobjectsallthetimeWhatdoestheunderlinedword“donating“inparagraph2mean?A.Givingback. B.Givingout. C.Givingaway.WecanseefromthepassagethatChenYuan.isinterestedinthe6RruleoffersplasticbagsinherstorelikeslisteningtoCDsverymuchWhatChenYuansaysinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat.herfriendslikeherlifestylethezero-wastelifestyleisnothardtolivelotsofpeoplehavelivedthezero-wastelifestyleThepassageismostprobablyfrom.A.anad B.anewspaper C.astorybook【答案】ACABB【分析】文章主要介紹了什么是“零浪費”，并呼吁人們加入“零浪費”。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Herideais:livealifeandtrynottocreateanyrubbish”可知，BeaJohnson是倡導(dǎo)人們盡量不要制造垃圾，故選A。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“givingunwantedthingstoothersordonatingthesethingstoorganizationsliketheRedCross.”可知，把一些不要的東西給別人或者捐給紅十字會，所以單詞“donating”指的是“捐贈”，與C選項意思相近，故選Co.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ChenYuan,27,isdeeplyinterestedinthisidea.”可知，陳元對6R規(guī)則感興趣，故選A。.句意猜測題。根據(jù)"Thezero-wastelifestyleisnotforascetics（苦行僧）.Itisjustaroundus."Chenexpectssomeofherfriendstojoinherontheroadtozerowaste.”可知，陳元說這話的意思是零浪費的生活方式并不難，就在我們身邊,故選B。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Azero-wastelifeisalifestylethathardlycreatesanyrubbish.”以及整個文章的理解可知，文章主要介紹了什么是“零浪費”，并呼吁人們加入“零浪費”，結(jié)合選項可知，應(yīng)該是從報紙上來的，故選B。C（2021?湖南湘潭市?中考真題）WhenautumnarrivesintheUnitedStatesandCanada,youcanseeoneofnature'sgreatestscenes-theyearlymigration（遷徙）ofthemonarchbutterflies（帝王蝶）.NootherbutterflyintheworldmigratesliketheorangeandblackmonarchofNorthAmerica.Theycannotlivetorlongperiodsincoldweather.SoeachautumnaroundOctober,thebutterfliestravelupto3,000kilometerssouthtospendwinter.SomeevenflytothemountainsofMexico.ItusuallytakesthebutterfliestwomonthstoreachMexico.Whenitiswarm,theystarttobacknorthinthespring.Butnotonebutterflyfinishesthewholetrip.Theylayeggsalongthewayanddie.Ilmighttakethemonarchsasmanyasfourtofivegenerations（代）tocompletethejourneyallthewaybackuptoCanada,saysSarinaJepsen,whodirectstheendangeredspeciesprogramfortheXercesSociety.ThemostamazingthingaboutthesebutterfliesisthattheyreturntotheverysametreesinMexicothattheirgreat-great-grandparentsusedthewinterbefore.However,thenumberofthesecolorfulbutterflieshasdroppedinrecentyears.TheUSFishandWildlifeSenicesaidthatnearlyabillionmonarchshavedisappearedfromoverwinteringsites（越冬地點）since1990,theWashingtonPostreported,oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides（除草齊（J）onthemilkweed（馬利筋）plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon.Whatcolorarethemonarchbutterflies?A.Orangeandblack. B.Pinkandblack. C.Orangeandwhite.HowlongdoesittakethemonarchbutterfliestoreachMexico?A.Onemonth. B.Twomonths. C.Fourtofivegenerations.Whatisthemostamazingthingaboutthemonarchbutterflies?Theymigratetovisittheirfriends.Theyareprotectedbytheirfamilymembers.Theycanreturntothesametreesthattheirancestorslivedin.Fromthepassage,weknowthatthenumberofthemonarchshasdroppedmainlybecauseof.A.lessfood B.badweather C.airpollutionWhatmightthewritertalkaboutnextafterthepassage?Howtoplantmoretrees.Howtoresearchthesebutterflies.C.Whatwecandotoprotectthesebutterflies.【答案】ABCAC【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了帝王蝶每年秋天的遷徙以及數(shù)量越來越少的原因。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“NootherbutterflyintheworldmigratesliketheorangeandblackmonarchofNorthAmerica.”可知，帝王蝶是橙黑色的。故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ItusuallytakesthebutterfliestwomonthstoreachMexico.”可知，帝王?蝴蝶到達墨西哥需要兩個月的時間。故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“ThemostamazingthingaboutthesebutterfliesisthattheyreturntotheverysametreesinMexicothattheirgreat-great-grandparentsusedthewinterbefbre.”可知,帝王蝶最神奇的事情是它們可以回到它們的祖先生活過的樹上。故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中"Oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides（除草劑）onthemilkweed（馬利筋）plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon."可知，除草劑的使用，使得帝王蝶可食用的植物變少，從而導(dǎo)致帝王蝶數(shù)量下降。故選A。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“However,thenumberofthesecolorfulbutterflieshasdroppedinrecentyears.TheUSFishandWildlifeSenicesaidthatnearlyabillionmonarchshavedisappearedfromoverwinteringsites（越冬地點）since1990,theWashingtonPostreported.Oneofthemainreasons,expertssay,isthatfarmershaveusedherbicides（除草劑）onthemilkweed（馬利筋）plantsthatthesebutterfliesfeedon.”可推理出，此段解釋了帝王蝶數(shù)量下降的原因，分析原因之后，接下去最有可能談到的是如何保護帝王蝶。故選C。（2021?湖南湘潭市?中考真題）TheForbiddenCityinBeijingwastheemperors'palaceduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Itisalsocalled“zijincheng（thePurpleForbiddenCity）”.Thoughitswallsareredanditsroofsareyellow,thepalace'snamementionsthecolorpurple.Howdiditgetthisname?Thecharacterzireferstothe“ziweistar（Polaris,北極星）AccordingtoancientChineseastronomy（天文學(xué)）,theziweistarwassurroundedby28otherstars,meaningitwastheheartofthesky.PeoplebelievedthatthepalaceoftheGodEmperor,whichiscalledziweigong,orziweipalace,waslocatedonthisstar.ChineseemperorswerebelievedtobethesonsoftheGodEmperor.ItwasbelievedthattheirpalaceonEarthshouldbejustliketheziweigonginthesky.That'showtheForbiddenCitygotitsname.InChineseculture,manypeoplebelievethatthecolorpurplestandsforgoodluck.ThisbeliefbeganwithLaozi,theancientphilosopher（哲學(xué)家）andfounderofTaoism（道教）wholivedaround2,500yearsago.Oneday,whenLaoziwastravelingthroughtheHanguPass（函谷關(guān)）inHenanfromtheeast,apurplemist（薄霧）suddenlyappearedintheair.ItisbelievedthatthismistwasconnectedtoLaoziinsomeway.This“purpleairfromtheeast”storymadepeoplebelievethecolorwasasymbolofgreatsaintsfromthatpointon.TheForbiddenCityhasanothertwonamesEXCEPT.A. zijincheng B. ziweigong C. thePurpleForbiddenCityAncientChinesebelievedthatziweistarwas.A. theheartofthesky B. thenameofthe emperorC. thepalaceoftheGodEmperorInChineseculture,manypeoplebelievethatthecolorpurplestandsfor.A.LaoziB,theemperorC.goodluckA.LaoziB,theemperorC.goodluckWhatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?WhereLaozilikedtraveling.WhyLaoziwasthefounderofTaoism.What“purpleairfromtheeast“means.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.China's“purple“palace.B.TheroleofTaoisminChina.C.DevelopmentoftheForbiddenCity.【答案】BACCA【分析】文章介紹了紫禁城名字的由來以及紫色為什么被認為是有好運的。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TheForbiddenCityinBeijingwastheemperors5palaceduringtheMingandQingdynasties.Itisalsocalledfcfczijinchcng(thePurpleForbiddenCity)“可知，紫禁城又叫做zijincheng或者thePurpleForbiddenCity,故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AccordingtoancientChineseastronomy(天文學(xué)),theziweistarwassurroundedby28otherstars,meaningitwastheheartofthesky.”可知，中國古代天文學(xué)認為紫微星是天空的心臟，故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"InChineseculture,manypeoplebelievethatthecolorpurplestandsforgoodluck.”可知,在中國文化中，許多人認為紫色代表好運。故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的描述可知，主要是介紹老子偶遇天空中的紫色，從此讓人們相信,

紫色就是偉大圣人的象征，是為了告訴我們“purpleairfromtheeast”是什么，故選C。.最佳標(biāo)題題。根據(jù)"TheForbiddenCityinBeijingwastheemperors'palaceduringtheMingandQingdynasties...Howdiditgetthisname?”以及整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹有關(guān)紫禁城的內(nèi)容，故選A。E（2021?湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州?）DuanJiayang,a12-year-oldstudentofaprimaryschoolinYinchuan,Ningxia,learnstheskillsrequiredtotakecareofvegetablefields.learnedhowtoplacethemulchfilm（土也膜）hesays,"It'snoteasy.”InChina,manyparentsplaceaheavyfocusontheirchildren'sgoodresults,butvocational（職業(yè)的）skillshavelittlebeencared.“Someparentsdoeverythingfortheirchildren,“saysYanMei,anofficialwiththeprimaryschool,addingthatmanystudentsareshortofthebasicskillsneededintheirdailylives.Forexample,Yansays,someparentswoulddotheschoofsgeneralcleaninginsteadoftheirchildren.SinceMarchlastyear,thegovernmentshavelaunchedalotofpolicies,requiringthatcolleges,middleschoolsandprimaryschoolspaymoreattentiontoteachingstudentspracticalskills.Followingthesepolicies,theprimaryschoollaunchedan"agricultural（農(nóng)業(yè)的）classbase“ononeofitsschoolyards.Studentsplantfruitandvegetablesonanareaoflandabout4,000m2insize.InthedayscominguptotheMayDayholiday,studentsofvariousgradesattheschoolworkedtogetherinthefields,saysschoolprincipalYangBo.Theyplantedwatermelon,carrotandcorn.MayDay,alsoknownasLaborDay,iscelebratedonMay1stinChina.Theschoolhopesthatstudentswillunderstandthefoodisquiteprecioussothattheywillbetterrealizethedifficultiesthattheirparentswentthrough..WhatdoesDuanJiayangthinkofthisactivity?A.Boring.B.Easy.C.Difficult.A.Boring.B.Easy.C.Difficult.D.Interesting..Whatdomanyparentscaremostinthepassage?A.Children'slifeskills. B.Children'shighmarks.C.Teachers'skillscourse. D.Teachers,teachinglevel..Whichofthefollowingcropsisnotmentionedaccordingtothepassage?A.Corn. B.Watermelon.C.Carrot. D,Cabbage..Whatcanstudentslearnfromtheagriculturalclass?Studentswillunderstandtheimportanceoflabor.Studentscanrealizethedifficultiestheirparentswentthrough.Studentscanlearnthebasiclifeskills.Alloftheabove..Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?YouthsGetaLessoninLifethroughSkillsCourseDuanJiayang,aHard-workingStudentSchoolsFollowtheGovernments?PoliciesParentsHopeforChildren'sGoodResultsinSchool【答案】CBDDA【分析】政府已經(jīng)出臺了很多政策，要求大學(xué)、中學(xué)和小學(xué)更加注重教授學(xué)生實用技能。本文強調(diào)了勞動教育的重要性。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"t'snoteasy.”可知，段佳陽認為這不容易，即很難，故選C。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“InChina,manyparentsplaceaheavyfocusontheirchildren'sgoodresults”可知,在中國，許多父母非常重視孩子的好成績，故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyplantedwatermelon,carrotandcorn.”可知，他們種了西瓜、胡蘿卜和玉米，沒有提到卷心菜。故選D。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thegovernmentshavelaunchedalotofpolicies,requiringthatcolleges,middleschoolsandprimaryschoolspaymoreattentiontoteachingstudentspracticalskills"和"Theschoolhopesthatstudentswillunderstandthefoodisquiteprecioussothattheywillbetterrealizethedifficultiesthattheirparentswentthrough/,可知，學(xué)生們可以從農(nóng)業(yè)課中學(xué)習(xí)基本的生活技能、理解勞動的重要性以及意識到他們的父母所經(jīng)歷的困難。故選Do.最佳標(biāo)題題。本文強調(diào)了勞動教育的重要性，選項A“年輕人通過技能課程獲得一節(jié)生活課”符合主題，故選AoF（2021?湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州?）GovernmentsandbusinessesworldwidearecreatingsmartphoneappstohelptrackthespreadofCOVID-19.Trackingthespreadofadiseaseisanimportantstepinstoppingitsoutbreak（爆發(fā)）.BytrackingdownpeoplewhohavebeenincontactwithCOVID-19patients,healthresearcherscanwarnthem,andkeepCOVID-19fromspreadingfurther.Thisiscalled"'contacttracing,'（接觸者追蹤）.AsgovernmentsremoveCOVID-19limits,they'llneedtobeabletoquicklyfindandcontrolnewoutbreaks.Contacttracingwillbeanimportantpartoftheprocess.ButbecauseCOVID-19spreadssoquicklytosomanypeople,it'salmostimpossibletotraceallcontactswithphonecalls.That'swhymanypeoplehopethatdigitalcontacttracingwithsmartphoneswillhelp.Mostcontacttracingappscollectinformationaboutwherepeoplehavegoneandthepeoplethey'vehadcontactwith.TheappscantelluserswhenoneoftheirrecentcontactshasbeenfoundtohaveCOVID-19.Somesystemsalsotellgovernmentsorhealthcareworkers.Nowmanyappshavebeendevelopedallovertheworld.Butsomepeopleworrytheappsarebeingmadetooquicklyandmaynotprotectpeople'sprivateinfbnnation.Whatdoyouthinkofthiskindofapp?.Contacttracingappsaremainlyusedon.A.smartphonesB.computersC.cars D.telephones.TopreventCOVID-19fromspreadingfurther,we'dbetter.bringsmartphonescontrolallpeople'smovementstrackdownpeoplewhohavebeenincontactwithCOVID-19patientstellgovernmentsorhealthcareworkersWhatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inParagraph3referto?A.Users. B.Governments.C.Researchers.D.Healthcareworkers.What'sthedisadvantageofthecontacttracingapps?A.TocontrolthespreadoftheCOVID-19. B.Tomakehealthcareworkersindanger.C.Totraceallcontactswithpatients. D.Tomakepeople'sprivateinformationpublicprobably.Thepassagemaybe.A.astory B.asciencearticleC.anotice D.aspeech【答案】ACBDB【分析】本文主要介紹了政府為了追蹤新冠肺炎病毒而創(chuàng)建的應(yīng)用程序的用處，以及人們對這種程序的擔(dān)心。.鄉(xiāng)田節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“GovernmentsandbusinessesworldwidearecreatingsmartphoneappstohelptrackthespreadofCOVID-19”可知，主要用于智能手機，故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BytrackingdownpeoplewhohavebeenincontactwithCOVID-19patients,healthresearcherscanwarnthem,andkeepCOVID-19fromspreadingfurther”可知，通過追蹤與新冠肺炎病毒患者有過接觸的人，可以防止新冠肺炎病毒進一步傳播，故選C。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“AsgovernmentsremoveCOVID-19limits,they'llneedtobeabletoquicklyfindandcontrolnewoutbreaks”可知，此處指政府可以快速的找到和控制疫情，所以they指代“Governments”，故選B。.細節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“Butsomepeopleworrytheappsarebeingmadetooquicklyandmaynotprotectpeopledprivateinformation"nJ,它的缺點就是可能會公開人們的私人信息，故選D。.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了為了追蹤新冠肺炎病毒而創(chuàng)建的應(yīng)用程序，這屬于科學(xué)范疇，故選B。G（2021?湖南懷化市?中考真題）Now,AI（人工智能）issmartenoughtocheckloneliness（孤獨）inhumans.AnewstudyshowshowAlcanknowthedegreesoflonelinessfromaperson'swords.80peopleaged66to94tookpartinthestudybecausetheyoftenfeltlonely.Theywereasked20questions,suchas“Howoftendoyoufeellonely?"and"Howoftendoyougettogetherwithyourfriends?^^Theinterestingthingisthatitusesdictionary-basedmethods.Forexample,itcanlookforwordstoshowfears.Italsogivesanswersbytestingtheirwords.Ifpeoplefeltlonelier,theiranswersaboutlonelinesswerelonger.Itcanknowthedegreesoflonelinessineachtopic.Italsoshowsdifferencesbetweenmenandwomen.Ifamanfeltlonely,heusedmorewordstoshowhisfears.Ifawomanfeltlonely,sheexpressedherlonelyfeelingsdirectly.Whydid80oldpeopletakepartinthestudy?A.Theyhadnomoney.B.Theyoftenfelllonely. C.Theyhadmoretime.Ifpeoplefeltlonelier,theiranswersaboutlonelinesswere.A.longer B.shorter C.nicerWhichcolumn（欄目）ofthenewspaperdoesthepassagecomefrom?A.Travel. B.Science. C.Sports.What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.HelpOthers B.ChangetheWorld C.CheckLonelinessbyAI【答案】BABC【分析】本文是一篇說明文，本文主要介紹通過人工智能來測試人類孤獨的程度的相關(guān)情況。31.細節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“80peopleaged66to94tookpartinthestudybecausetheyoften同tlonely”可知，因為他們經(jīng)常感到孤單，故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifpeoplefeltlonelier,theiranswersaboutlonelinesswerelonger”可知，如果人們感到更孤獨，他們對孤獨的回答會更長，故選A。.推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹通過人工智能來測試人類孤獨的程度的相關(guān)情況，這屬于科學(xué)范疇，故選B。.最佳標(biāo)題。根據(jù)“Now,AI（人工智能）issmartenoughtocheckloneliness（孤獨）inhumans”可知，本文圍繞“通過人工智能來測試孤獨”這件事情來介紹，故選CoH（2021?四川樂山市?中考真題）OnMay22,2021,thewholenationwassaddenedbythenewsthatChinesescientistYuanLongpingdied.DrYuanLongpingworkedmostofhislifegrowingbetterrice.Asaresultofhisresearch,theChinesepeoplearenolongerworriedaboutgettingstarved.Hisgreatworkalsohelpedtheworldproducemoreandmorerice.Yuan,bornonSept.7,1930.Aftergraduating（畢業(yè).）fromSouthwestAgricultureCollege,heworkedasateacheratanagricultureschoolinHunan.Severalnaturaldisasters（天災(zāi)）hitChinainthe1960s.Yuan,sawmanypeopledieofhungereveryday.Sincethen,hehasresearchedhowtogrowmuchbettercrops.In1964,hehappenedtofindanaturalhybridrice（雜交水稻）plantthathadgreatadvantagesoverothers.Yuanwasexcitedabouthisdiscovery.Hethenbegantostudythepartsofthisunusualplant.In1973,hestartedtodevelopatypeofhybridricespecies（種類）,Itproduced20%morericeperunitthancommonones.Theseeding（種植）wasverysuccessfulinthefollowingyear.ThisprogressmadeChinatheworld'sleaderinriceproduction.Morethan50%ofChina'stotalricefieldsgrowYuan'shybridspecies.Peoplecallhimthe“FatherofHybridRice”.Yuanoncesaidhehadtwodreams—to"enjoythecoolunderthericecropstallerthanmen“andthathybridricecouldbegrownallovertheworldtohelpsolvethefoodproblemofthewholeworld.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“starved"inparagraph2meaninChinese?A.挨餓 B.受凍 C.致貧WhatcanwelearnaboutYuanLongpingaccordingtothethirdparagraph?Hewasbomintoascientist'sfamily.Hewasonceateacheratanagricultureschool.HegraduatedfromSouthwestAgricultureCollegein1930.WhendidYuanLongpingsucceedinseedinghybridrice?A.In1964. B.In1973. C.In1974.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastthreeparagraphs?Yuan'shybridricecanprovideallpeopleintheworldwithrice.Yuan'shybridriceisgrowninallofChina'sricefields.Yuan'shybridricemadeChinatheworld'sleaderinriceproduction.Whatdoesthestorymainlytalkabout?A?The"FatherofhybridRice”.Howtogrowrice.Differentricespecies.【答案】ABC39.A【分析】文章介紹了中國“雜交水稻之父”——袁隆平的生平。.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“DrYuanLongpingworkedmostofhislifegrowingbetterrice.Asaresultofhisresearch,theChinesepeoplearenolongerworriedaboutgettingstarved.Hisgreatworkalsohelpedtheworldproducemoreandmorerice.”可知，由于袁隆平的研究幫助世界生產(chǎn)更多的大米，中國人不再擔(dān)心挨餓，所以單詞“starved”指的是“挨餓”，故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Yuan,bomonSept.7,1930.Aftergraduating（畢業(yè).）fromSouthwestAgricultureCollege,heworkedasateacheratanagricultureschoolinHunan.”可知，他曾經(jīng)是一所農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)校的老師。故選Bo.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1973,hestartedtodevelopatypeofhybridricespecies（種類）.Itproduced20%morericeperunitthancommonones.Theseeding（種植）wasverysuccessfulinthefollowingyear."UJ知，1973年，他開始培育一種雜交水稻品種。它的單位產(chǎn)量比普通水稻多出20%。第二年播種非常成功。所以袁隆平成功播種雜交水稻是在1974年，故選C。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“...ThisprogressmadeChinatheworld'sleaderinriceproduction.”以及后面的介紹可知，袁隆平的雜交水稻使中國成為世界水稻生產(chǎn)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。故選C。.主旨大意題。根據(jù)整個文章的理解可知，主要是介紹中國“雜交水稻之父”——袁隆平的生平，故選A。I（2021?四川樂山市?中考真題）We'veallhadbadexperienceswithrestaurants,storesorhotels.Maybeyou'vebeentoarestaurantthatservedterriblefood.Perhapsyou'vebeentoastorethathadhighpricesandbadservice.Ormaybeyou'vebookedahotelandfoundoutlaterthattheroomwasnothingliketheadvertisement（廣告）.Thesedays,wehaveabetterchanceofstoppingtheseunpleasantsurprises.Wecandothisbyusingapps.Anappisacomputerprogramonasmartphone.Youcanuseappstodoalmostanything.Appcanhelpyouplaygames,getdirections,talktofriends,andsoon.Ifyouwanttofindinformationaboutastoreorahotel,youcanuseareviewapp.Reviewappshelpusevaluate（評價）serviceandproductsbeforewehandoverourmoney.Theideaisverysimple.Afteryougotoarestaurantorstayinahotel,youcanpostareviewwithoneofyourapps.Youcansayanythingyouwant.Ifyoulikeahotelthatyoustayedin,youcantellpeoplethatjtwaswonderful.Ifyouthinkthatthefoodinacertainrestaurantwasbad,thenyoucantellpeoplenottoeatthere.Otherpeoplecanusetheirapptoreadyourreviews.Plentyofpeopleprefernottousethesereviewapps.Manyofthesepeoplethinkthatit'sawasteoftimetolookthroughwebsitesandreadreviews.Thesepeopleprefertogooutanddecideforthemselveswhetherornotaserviceisgood.However,reviewappsaregettingmoreandmorepopulareveryday.Someappsareforexactservices.Forexample,tripadvisergivesattentiontotravel,andgoodreaderpaysattentiontobooks.Therearealsootherlargerappsthatprovideinformationforjustabouteveryservicethatyoucanthinkof..Whatdoesthearticlesayaboutapps?A.Youcanuseappsformanythings. B.Thereareveryfewgoodapps.C.Appsareonlyusefulfortravel. D.Appsareveryexpensivetouse..Ifyouwanttobookahotel,howcanareviewapphelpyou?Itcanhelpyouwritebetterreviews.Itcantellyouhowtouseasmartphone.Itcantellyouaboutthehotelbeforeyoubookit.Itcantellyouaboutotherpeoplewhopostreviews..Inthethirdparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedword"it”referto?A.Arestaurant.B.Ahotel. C.Areview. D.Astore..Accordingtothearticle,whydosomepeoplepreferNOTtousereviewapps?Theydon'ttrustreviewapps.Theythinkreviewappsaretoohard.Theyprefertomaketheirowndecisions.Theydon'tknowhowtousereviewapps..Wherecanyouprobablyfindthepassage?A.Inamusicmagazine. B.Inatravelguidebook.C.Inastorybook. D.Inanewspaper.【答案】ACBCD【分析】文章介紹了現(xiàn)在有關(guān)評論方面的app可以幫助大家減少一些不好的體驗經(jīng)歷。如吃飯、住店、旅游等都可以先通過app了解別人對此的評論，然后再做決定。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Youcanuseappstodoalmostanything.”可知，可以通過app做幾乎任何事情，故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttofindinformationaboutastoreorahotel,youcanuseareviewapp.Reviewappshelpusevaluate（評價）serviceandproductsbeforewehandoverourmoney.“可知，如果想預(yù)定酒店，可以通過評論app了解到酒店的一些情況，故選Co.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Ifyoulikeahotelthatyoustayedin,youcantellpeoplethatitwaswonderful.“可知，如果你喜歡住的酒店，你可以告訴人們它是一家很棒的酒店。此處的it指代的是酒店，故選B。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Manyofthesepeoplethinkthatit'sawasteoftimetolookthroughwebsitesandreadreviews.Thesepeopleprefertogooutanddecideforthemselveswhetherornotaserviceisgood.“可知，有一些人喜歡走出去，自己去感受，然后自己決定一項服務(wù)是否好，而不是通過叩P來決定，故選C。.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"We'veallhadbadexperienceswithrestaurants...Ormaybeyou'vebookedahotelandfoundoutlaterthattheroomwasnothingliketheadvertisement（廣告）.”以及整個文章的理解可知，文章主要介紹有關(guān)評論方面的app可以幫助大家減少一些不好的體驗經(jīng)歷，以及通過叩p可以得到什么，如何使用這種app以及人們的看法等，這屬于熱門類話題，應(yīng)該是在報紙上，故選D。（2021?甘肅天水市?中考真題）Ifyou'vetriedandhavenotwon,ThoughthestrongtreehasknownNeverstopforcrying;Manyblowsofstormywinds,Allthat'sgreatandgoodisdoneShehasrisenagain,andgrownJustbypatienttrying.Higherandprouder.Thoughyoungbirds,inflying,fall,Ifbyeasyworkyoubeat,Stilltheirwingsgrowstronger;Whothemorewillprizeyou?AndthenexttimetheycankeepGainingsuccessfromdefeat-Upalittlelonger.Thafsthetestthattriesyou!閱讀以上詩歌，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容回答其后各個小題。.Whatisdonebypatienttrying?A.Allthatisgreatandgood. B.Allyou'venotwon.C.Thethingsthatyou\ecriedfor. D.Thethingsthatarestopped..Whathappenstoyoungbirdswhentheyfly?B.Theyfall.A.Theyflyveryhigh.

B.Theyfall.C.Theyloseconfidence.D.Theylookscared.C.Theyloseconfidence.D.Theylookscared..Howisthetreeafterthestormywinds?A.Sheisweak. B.Sheisshy. C.Sheisprouder. D.Sheisdying..Whatdoestheunderlinedword"defeat"probablymean?A.Work. B.Prize. C.Happiness. D.Failure..Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispoem?A.Bebrave. B.Don'tgiveup.C.Facedisagreement. D.Togethappiness.【答案】ABCDB【分析】本文是一首詩歌，告訴我們要不斷嘗試，不要放棄，不要害怕失敗，從失敗中獲得成功。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Allthat'sgreatandgoodisdoneJustbypatienttrying”可知，只要耐心地嘗試，所有偉大的和好的事情都會完成。故選A。.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thoughyoungbirds,inflying,fall”