美國文學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)資料+答案

TheBellsTheSpy精品TheAmericanTranscendentalistsformedaclubcalled_________.theTranscendentalClub______wasregardedasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism.WashingtonIrving3. Atnineteen___________publishedinhisbrother ’snewspaper,his"JonathanOldstyle"satiresofNewYorklife.InWashingtonIrving’swork___________appearedthefirstmodernshortstoriesandthefirstgreatAmericanjuvenileliterature.TheSketchBook5.ThefirstimportantAmericannovelistwas____________.JamesFenimoreCooperJamesFenimoreCooper’snovel___________wasarousingtaleaboutespio-nageagainsttheBritishduringtheRevolutionaryWar.ThebestofJamesFenimoreCooper'ssearomanceswas_____________.ThePilot8. "ToaWaterfowl"isperhapsthepeakof_______________ ’swork;ithasbeencalledbyaneminentEnglishcritic “themostperfectbriefpoeminthelan-guage.” WilliamCullenBryant__________wasthefirstAmericantogainthestatureofamajorpoetintheworldliterature.EdgarAllanPoe’spoem____________isperhapsthebestexampleofonomatopoeiaintheEnglishlanguage.感謝下載載TheRaven精品EdgarAllanPoe'spoem____________waspublishedin1845asthetitlepoemofacollection.FromHenryDavidThoreau’sConcordjailexperience,camehisfamousessay______. CivilDisobedienceBythe1830sWashingtonIrvingwasjudgedthenation'sgreatestwriter,aloftypositionhelatersharedwithJamesFenimoreCooperandWilliamCullenBryant.Intheearlynineteenthcentury,theattitudeofAmericanwriterswasshapedbytheirNewWorldenvironmentandanarrayofideasinheritedfromtheromantictraditionofEurope.Asamoralphilosophy,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematical.ThefoundationofAmericannationalliteraturewaslaidbytheearlyAmericanromanticists.Atmid-19thcentury,aculturalreawakeningbroughta"floweringofNewEngland".Romanticwritersinthe19thcenturyplacedincreasingvalueonthefreeex-pressionofemotionanddisplayedincreasingattentiontothepsychicstatesoftheircharacters.感謝下載載精品Withavastgroupofsupportingcharacters,virtuousorvillainous,JamesFenimoreCoopermadetheAmericaconsciousofhispast,andmadetheEuropeanconsciousofAmerica.NootherAmericanpoeteversurpassedEdgarAllanPoe’abilityintheuseofsEnglishasamediumofpuremusicalandrhythmicbeauty.TheFalloftheHouseofUsher isoneofEdgarAllanPoe's shortstories.RalphWaldoEmersonwasrecognizedastheleaderoftranscendentalistmovement,butheneverappliedtheterm"Transcendentalist"tohimselfortohisbeliefsandideas.In1836,RalphWaldoEmersonpublishedhisfirstbook, Nature,whichmetwithamild reception.RalphWaldoEmerson'sprosestylewassometimesashighlyindividualashispoetry.TheharshrhythmsandstrikingimagesofRalphWaldoEmerson ’spoetryappealtomanymodernreadersasartfultechniques.HenryWadsworthLongfellow’swritingsbelongtothemilderaspectsoftheRomanticMovement.感謝下載載精品Americanromanticismwasinawayderivative:AmericanromanticwritingwassomeofthemmodeledonEnglishandEuropeanworks.RalphWaldoEmerson ’saestheticsbroughtaboutarevolutioninAmericanliteratureingeneralandinAmericanpoetryinparticular.HenryDavidThoreauwasanactiveTranscendentalist. Hewasbynomeansan"escapist"orarecluse,butwasintenselyinvolvedinthelifeofhisday.TheScarletLetter issetintheseventeenthcentury.ItisanelaborationofafactwhichtheauthortookoutofthelifeofthePuritanpast.2.Transcendentalismtooktheirideasfrom___________.theromanticliteratureinEuropeneo-PlatonismGermanidealisticphilosophytherevelationsoforientalmysticismABCD8. Transcendentalistsrecognized__________asthe"highestpowerofthesoul. ”A.intuition10.TranscendentalismappealedtothosewhodisdainedtheharshGodofthePuritanancestors,anditappealedtothosewhoscornedthepaledeityofNewEngland感謝下載載精品TranscendentalismHumanismNaturalismUnitarianismDThedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonaturebecameapermanentconventionofAmericanliterature,evidentin_________.A. JamesFenimoreCooper's LeatherstockingTalesB.HenryDavidThoreau ’sWaldenC.MarkTwain ’sHuckleberryFinnD.NathanielHawthorne's TheScarletLetterABCApreoccupationwiththedemonicandthemysteryofevilmarkedtheworksof_________,andahostoflesserwriters.A.NathanielHawthorneB.EdgarAllanPoeC.HermanMelvilleD.MarkTwainABCInthenineteenthcenturyAmerica,Romanticsoftensharedcertaingeneralcharacteristics.Choosesuchcharacteristicsfromthefollowing.感謝下載載精品moralenthusiasmfaithinthevalueofindividualismandintuitiveperceptionadorationforthenaturalworldpresumptionaboutthecorrosiveeffectofhumansocietyABCDChooseWashingtonIrving'sworksfromthefollowing.TheSketchBookBracebridgeHallTalesofaTravellerAHistoryofNewYorkABCDInJamesFenimoreCooper'snovels,closeafterNattyBumppoinromanticappeal,comethetwonobleredmen.Choosethemfromthefollowing.A.theMohicanChiefChingachgookB.UncasC.TomJonesD.KublaKhanABIn1817,thestatelypoemcalled Thanatopsisintroducedthebestpoet___________toappearinAmericauptothattime.A.EdwardTaylor感謝下載載精品B.PhilipFreneauC.WilliamCullenBryantD.EdgarAllanPoeC ToaWaterfowl ThanatopsisFromthefollowing,choosethepoemswrittenbyEdgarAllanPoe.A.ToHelenTheRavenAnnabelLeeTheBellsABCDEdgarAllanPoe'sfirstcollectionofshortstoriesis___________.TalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesqueFromthefollowing,choosethecharacteristicsofRalphWaldoEmerson'spoetry.A.beinghighlyindividualB.harshrhythmsC.lackofformandpolishD.strikingimagesABCD感謝下載載精品WhichbookisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson?A.RepresentativeMenEnglishTraitsNatureTheRhodoraDWhichessayisnotwrittenbyRalphWaldoEmerson?A.OfStudiesSelf-RelianceTheAmericanScholarTheDivinitySchoolAddressANathanielHawthorne'sabilitytocreatevividandsymbolicimagesthatembodygreatmoralquestionsalsoappearsstronglyinhisshortstories.Choosehisshortstoriesfromthefollowing.YoungGoodmanBrownTheGreatStoneFaceC.The AmbitiousGuest ABCDEthanBrandThePearl感謝下載載精品HermanMelvillecalledhisfriendNathanielHawthorne_____________inAmericanliterature.A.thelargestbrainwiththelargestheart__________wasaromanticizedaccountofHermanMelville'sstayamongthePolynesians.ThesuccessofthebooksoonmadeMelvillewellknownasthe"manwholivedamongcannibals". TypeeIntheearlynineteenthcenturyAmericanmoralvalueswereessentiallyPuritan.Nothinghasleftadeeperimprintonthecharacterofthepeopleasawholethandid__________.A.Puritanism"TheuniverseiscomposedofNatureandthesoul...Spiritispresentevery-where".Thisisthevoiceofthebook Nature writtenbyEmerson,whichpushedAmericanRomanticismintoanewphase,thephaseofNewEngland______TranscendentalismWhichisgenerallyregardedastheBibleofNewEnglandTranscendentalism?A.Nature感謝下載載精品_________isanappallingfictionalversionofNathanielHawthorne'sbeliefthat"thewrongdoingofonegenerationlivesintothesuccessiveones"andthatevilwillcomeoutofevilthoughitmaytakemanygenerationstohappen.TheMarbleFaunTheHouseofSevenGablesTheBlithedaleRomanceYoungGoodmanBrownBOnceuponamidnightdreary,whileipondered,weakandweary,Overmanyaquaintandcuriousvolumeofforgottenlore,WhileInodded,nearlynapping,suddenlytherecameatapping,Asofsomeonegentlyrapping,rappingatmychamberdoor."Tissomevisitor,"Imuttered,"tappingatmychamberdoor —Onlythis,andnothingmore."Ah,distinctlyIrememberitwasinthebleakDecember,Andeachseparatedyingemberwroughtitsghostuponthefloor.EagerlyIwishedthemorrow; —vainlyIhadtriedtoborrowFrommybookssurceaseofsorrow-sorrowforthelost.EdgarAllanPoeTheRaven感謝下載載精品Describethemoodofthispoem:Asenseofmelancholyoverthedeathofabelovedbeautifulyoungwomanpervadesthewholepoem,theportrayalofayoungmangrievingforhislostLeno-re,hisgriefturnedtomadnessunderthesteadyone-wordrepetitionofthetalkingbird.Work3: NutureAstheleadingNewEnglandTranscendentalist,EmersoneffectedamostarticulatesynthesisoftheTranscendentalistviews.Onemajorelementofhisphilosophyifhisfirmbeliefinthetranscendenceofthe"Oversoul".Hisemphasisonthespiritrunsthroughvirtuallyallhiswritings."Philosophicallyconsidered,"hestatesin Nature,whichisgenerallyregardedastheBibleofNewEnglandTranscendentalism,"theuniverseiscomposedofNatureandtheSoul."Heseestheworldasphenomenal,andemphasizestheneedforidealism,foridealismseestheworldinGod."Itbeholdsthewholecircleofpersonsandthings,ofactionsandevents,ofcountryandreligion,asonevastpicturewhichGodpaintsontheeternityforthecontemplationofthesoul."Heregardsnatureasthepurest,andthemostsanctifyingmoralinfluenceonman,andadvocatedadirectintuitionofaspiritualandimmanentGodinnature.Inthisconnection,Emerson'semotionalexperiencesareexemplaryinmore感謝下載載精品waysthanone.Aloneinthewoodsoneday,forinstance,heexperiencedamomentof"ecstasy"whichherecordsthusinhis Nature:Standingonthebareground,myheadbathedbytheblitheairandupliftedintoinfinitespace,allmeanegotismvanishes.Ibecomeatransparenteyeball;Iamnothing;Iseeall;thecurrentsoftheUniversalBeingcirculatethroughme;IampartorparticleofGod.Nowthisisamomentof"conversion"whenonefeelscompletelymergedwiththeoutsideworld,whenonehascompletelysunkintonatureandbecomeonewithit,andwhenthesoulhasgonebeyondthephysicallimitsofthebodytosharetheomniscienceoftheOversoul.Inaword,thesoulhascompletelytranscendedthelimitsofindividualityandbeomepartoftheOversoul.Emersonseesspiritpervadingeverywhere,notonlyinthesoulofman,butbehindnature,throughoutnature.Theworldproceeds,asheobserves,fromthesamesourceasthebodyofman."TheUniversalBeing"isinpointoffacttheOversoulthatheneverstoppedtalkingaboutfortherestofhislife.Emerson'sdoctrineoftheOversoulisgraphicallyillustratedinsuchfamousstatements;"EachmindlivesintheGrandmind,""Thereinonemindcommontoallindividualmen,"and"Manisconsciousofauniversalsoulwithinorbehindhisindividuallife."Inhisopinion,manismadeintheimageofGodandisjustalittlelessthanHim.ThisisasmuchastosaythatthespiritualandimmanentGodis感謝下載載精品operativeinthesoulofman,andthatmanisdivine.Thedivinityofmanbecame,incidentally,afavoritesubjectinhislecturesandessays.Thisnaturallyledtoanother,equallysignificant,Transcendentalistthesis,thattheindividual,notthecrowd,isthemostimportantofall.Ifmandependsuponhimself,cultivateshimself,andbringsoutthedivineinhimself,hecanhoptobecomebetterandevenperfect.ThisiswhatEmersonmeansbythe"infinitudeoftheprivatesman."Hetriedtoconvincepeoplethatthepossibilitiesformantodevelopandimprovehimselfareinfinite.Menshouldandcouldbeself-reliant.Eachmanshouldfeeltheworldashis,andtheworldexistsforhimalone.Heshoulddeter-minehisownexistence.Everyoneshouldunderstandthathemakeshimselfbymakinghisworld,andthathemakestheworldbymakinghimself."Knowthenthattheworldexistsforyou"hesays."Buildthereforeyourownworld.""Trustthyself!"and"Makethyself!"Trustyourowndiscretionandtheworldisyours.Thus,asHenryNashSmithventurestosuggest,"Emerson'smessagewaseventually(touseatelegraphicabbreviation)self-reliance."Emerson'seyewasonmanashecouldbeorcouldbecome;hewasinthemainoptimisticabouthumanperfectibility.Theregenerationoftheindividualleadstotheregenerationofsociety.Hencehisfamousremark,"Iaskfortheindividuals,notthenation."Emerson'sself-reliancewasanexpression,onaveryhighlevel,ofthebuoyantspiritofhistime,thehopethatmancanbecomethebestperson感謝下載載精品hecouldhopetobe.Emerson'sTranscendentalism,withitsemphasisonthedemocraticindividualism,mayhaveprovidedanidealexplanationfortheconductandactivitiesofanexpandingcapitalistsociety.Hisessayssu