獨家整理安徽專升本考試語法關鍵句型

It作先行主語和先行賓語的一些句型Shehadsaidwhatitwasnecessarytosay.強調句型Itisnotwhorulesusthatisimportant,buthowherulesus."AII+抽象名詞"或"抽象名詞+itsef"(very+形容詞)Hewasallgentlenesstoher.利用詞匯重復表示強調Acrimeisacrimeacrime."something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of""somethingof"相當于"tosomeextent"，表示程度。在疑問句或條件從句中，則為"anythingof"，可譯為"有點"，”略微等。""譯為毫無"，"全無"。"muchof"譯為"大有"，"notmuchof"可譯為"算不上,"，"稱不上"，"littleof"可譯為"幾乎無"。somethinglike譯為"有點像，略似。"Theysaythathehadnouniversityeducation,butheseemstobesomethingofascholar.同格名詞修飾是指of前后的兩個名詞都指同一個人或物，"of"以及它前面的名詞構一個形容詞短語，以修飾"of"后面的那個名詞。如"heroldsharperofafather"，可譯為："她那騙子般的父親"。Thosepigsofgirlseatsomuch.as■…as■…can(may)beItisasplainasplaincanbe."Itisin(with)■…asin(with)"Itisinlifeasinajourney."asgoodas…"相等于，就像，幾乎如；實際上，其實，實在。Themerchantasgoodaspromisedtheorphanboy,thathewouldadopthim."manyaswell…as"和"mightaswell…as""manyaswell…as"可譯為"與其，不如，更好"，”以這樣做?……為宜"，”如同?……，也可以?……"等等。"mightaswell-as"表示不可能的事，可譯為"猶如?……"，"可與?……一樣荒唐"，”與其那樣不如這樣的好"等等。Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitimperfectly.11?"tomake…of"的譯法(使成為，把當作)Iwillmakeascientistofmyson.too???+不定式"，not(never)too???+不定式"，"too???not+不定式Sheistooangrytospeak.only(not,all,but,never)too…todoso"和"tooready(apt)+todo"結構中，不定式也沒有否定意義，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意義，在"tooready(apt)+todo"結構中，不定式也沒有否定意義。Youknowbuttooyelltoholdyourtongue."nomore…than…"句型Ahomewithoutloveisnomoreahomethanabodywithoutasoulisaman."notsomuch???as"和"notsomuchas■…"結構，"notsomuch???as"二"notsomuchas?…"，其中as有進可換用butrather，可譯為："與其說是毋須說是"。而"notsomuchas"="without(not)even，"可譯為"甚至……還沒有"。Theoceansdonotsomuchdividetheworldasuniteit."Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"結構，"Nothingismore…than"和"Nothingisso…as"都具有最高級比較的意思,"NothingI"可換用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可譯為"沒有……比……更為"，"像……再沒有了"，"最……"等。Nothingismorepreciousthantime."cannot…too…"結構，"cannot…too…"意為"Itisimpossibletooverdo…"或者，即"無論怎樣也不算過分"o"not"可換用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可換用"enough"，"sufficient"等Youcannotbetoocareful."否定+but"結構，在否定詞后面的"but",具有"whichnot","whonot"，”thatnot",等等否定意義，構成前后的雙重否定?？勺g成"沒有……不是"或"……都……"等Nothingissobadbutitmighthavebeenworse."否定+until(till)"結構，在否定詞"no"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后邊所接用的"until/till",多數(shù)情況下譯為"直到……才……"，"要……才……"，把否定譯為肯定。Nobodyknowswhathecandotillhehastried."notso…but"和"notsucha…but"結構，這兩個結構和"否定+but"的結構差不多，不同之點是這兩個結構中的"but"是含有"that???not"意味的連續(xù)詞，表示程度?？勺g為"還沒有……到不能做……的程度"，"并不是……不……"，"無論怎樣……也不是不能……"等。Heisnotsosickbuthecancometoschool."疑問詞+should…but"結構，這個結構表示過去的意外的事，意為"none…but"，可譯為"除了還有誰會……"，"豈料"，"想不到……竟是……"等。Whoshouldwriteitbuthimself？"whoknowsbut(that)…"和"whocouldshould…but"結構，這個結構是反問形式，一般意譯為"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有時也可直譯。Whoknowsbut(that)hemaygo？"祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"結構，"祈使句+and"表示"If…you…"，”祈使名+or"表示"if…not…，you。Addlovetoahouseandyouhaveahome.Addrighteousnesstoacityandyouhaveacommunity.Addtruthtoapileofredbrickandyouhaveaschool."名詞+and"結構，在這個結構中，名詞等于狀語從句，或表示條件，或表示時間。Aword,andhewouldlosehistemper."as…，so…"結構，這里的"so"的意思是"inthesameway"（也是如此）。此結構表明兩個概念在程度上和關系上相似。Asrusteatsiron，socareeatstheheart."ifany'結構，"ifany"和"ifever"，意思是"果真有"，"即使有"，表示加強語氣。與此類似的還有："ifanything"（如有不同的話，如果稍有區(qū)別）,"ifaday"（=atleast,至少）。Thereislittle，ifany，hope."beitever（never）so"和"letitbeever（never）so"結構，這里，"beit"中的"be"是古英語假設語氣的遺留形式，現(xiàn)代英語則使用"letitbe"。"everso"和"neverso"都表示同一意思，都表示"very"。Beiteversohumble（letitbeeversohumble），homeishome."thelast+不定式"和"thelast+定語從詞"結構，這種結構中的"last"意思是"theleastlikely",用于否定性推論?？勺g為"最不大可能的"，"最不合適的"，由原意的"最后一個……"變成"最不可能……的一個"。Heisthelastmantoacceptabride."so…that…"句型，這個句型的意思是"如此……，以致于……"，但在翻譯成漢語時，許多情況下，并不是一定要譯成"如此……以致于……"，而是變通表達其含義。Heransofastthatnobodycouldcatchhimup."more+than+原級形容詞（副詞）"結構，這是將不同性質加以比較，其中的"more"有"rather"的意思。Itismorethanprobablethathewillfall."morethan+動詞"結構，這種結構表示動詞的程度，可譯為"異常"，"豈止"，"十二分地"等。Thismorethansatisfiedme."goodand…"的副詞用法，譯為"非常"，"很"等。類似還有"niceand…"，"fineand…，""lovelyand…"，"brightand…"，"rareand…"，"bigand…"等，均表示程度。Theapplesaregoodandripe."andthat"結構，這個"andthat"應譯為"而且"，表示對它前面陳述部分的語氣加強，"that"代表前面的整個陳述部分。Returntoyourwork,andthatatonce."atonce…and"結構，這個結構譯為"既又"，起相關連接的作用，相當于"both…and…"。Thenovelisatoncepleasingandinstructive."inthat…"結構，這個結構的意思是"在那一點上（方面）"，可譯為"因為"。類似的結構還有"inthis…!1"。Thebudgetisunrealisticinthatitdisregardsincreasedcosts."thenamenotwithstanding"結構，這個結構中"notwithstanding"是介詞，這個介詞可以置前，可以置后，比如也可寫成："notwithstandingthename"。起讓步狀語的作用。Somepeoplethinkofthestoragebatteryasasortofcondenserwhereelectricityisthisisanentirelywrongconception,thenamenotwithstanding."Every…not"和"All…not"結構，"Every…not"表示"不見得每個都是"；"AII…not"表示"不見得所有……都是……"的意思。Everymanisnotpolite,andallarenotborngentlemen."mayaswellnot…as"結構，此結構可譯為"與其不如不Onemayaswellnotknowathingatallasknowitbutimperfectly."haveonlyto…do"結構，此結構表示"只須(消)就能"的意思。WehaveonlytoturntothatextraordinarydiscoverymadebyEdisontoseethesignificanceofit."not(no)…unless…"句型Noincreaseinoutputcanbeexpectedunlessanewassemblylineisinstalled."better…than…"句型Bettermylifeshouldbeendedbytheirhate,thanthathatedlifeshouldbeprolongedtolivewithoutyourlove."asitwere"是一個非常常用的插入語，意思是"好象"，"可以說"等。Apieceofironnearamagnet,thoughapparentlyseparatefromit,feels,asitwere,thethreadsofthisattachment.復雜結構，在下面例句中，由于anyone的定語從句過長，把謂語mustrealize提到定語從句之前。Thoughfaithandconfidencearesurelymoreorlassforeigntomynature,Idonotinfrequentlyfindmyselflookingtothemtobeable,diligent,candid,andevenhonest.Plainlyenough,thatistoolargeanorder,asanyonemustrealizewhoreflectsuponthemannerinwhichtheyreachpublicoffice."not…anymorethan…"為："不能，正如不能"。Onecannotlearntosketchandexpresshimselfgraphicallyonlybyreadingaboutitanymorethanonecanlearntoswimwhilestandingbythepool."Bythatasitmay是"Letitbethatasitmay的省略形式，是由"be"引起的另外一種假設結構，意思是"雖然如此，盡管這樣"。Itissaidthatthenervepoisonisthemoreprimitiveofthetwo,thatthebloodpoisonis,sotospeak,anewproductfromanimprovedformula.Bethatasitmay,thenervepoisondoesitsbusinesswithmanfarmorequicklythanthebloodpoison."ifatall"是一個由"if"引起的主謂結構不完整的短句結為"即將……"，"即使……"等。Icanseeonlywithgreatdifficulty,ifatall.由there引起的句型容易產生復雜的句子結構.Therehavebeenopeneduptothevastandexcellentscience,inwhichmyworkisthebeginning,waysandmeansbywhichothermindsmoreaccuratethanwinewillexploreitsremotecorners."rangefrom…to…"結構。這是一個常見結構，譯時很多情況下應變通處理，不能完全依靠辭典上的釋義。Computerapplicationsrangefromanassemblylinecompletelyrunbycomputerstoachildrentoyrespondingtoremotesignals."theway…"結構Ialwaysthoughtshewasacommon-sensepersonwhodiscussedthingsthewaytheyoughttobediscussed.復雜賓補結構Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofsensitiveandaccuratemeasuringequipmenthasmadeitpossibletomeasuretheacuityofhearingofanyindividualatdifferentfrequencies.某些分隔結構1）動詞短語相關部分被分隔（當"makeuseof","takenoticeof","payattentionto",等動詞短語變成被動語態(tài)時）。Useismadeofsolarenergyinheatinghouses.2）雙重定語引起的分隔。Butthereisofcultureanotherview,inwhichnotsolelythescientificpassion,thesheerdesiretoseethingsastheyare,naturalandproperinanintelligentbeing,appearsasthegroundofit."tobedoing…when…"是一個句型，多譯為"某人正在做時，突然"。在簡單的句子中容易看出,一旦句子變得復雜一些,可能就不太容易識別這種句型。Shesaidsheandafriendhadgoneouttodinnerthatnight,andwerewalkinghometogetheratabout10o'clock,whena"verybig,verytallman",accostedthemanddemandedtheirpurses."too…to"句型ThenIrememberedhowoftenI,too,hadbeenindifferenttothegrandeurofeachday,toopreoccupiedwithpettyandsometimesevenmeanconcernstorespondtothesplendorofitall."somuchthat…"句型ButhedevelopedgraduallyaverymusicalEnglish.Helearnttowritesentencesthatfallawayontheearwithamistylanguoranditdelightedhimsomuchthathecouldneverhaveenoughofit."when"引導狀語從句有時并不好譯，不能一看到when從句就考慮譯為"當……的時候”，它還有許多種譯法。Anythingisbetterthannottowriteclearly.Thereisnothingtobesaidagainstlucidity,andagainstsimplicityonlythepossibilityofdryness.Thisisariskthatiswellworthtakingwhenyoureflecthowmuchbetteritistobeboldthantowearacurlywig."not…because…"，有時可否定前面，有時可否定because本身，往往出現(xiàn)歧義。應根據(jù)上下文面判定。In1600theearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniversebecausethemajoritythensupposeditwas;nor,becauseshehadmorereaders,wasEllawheelerWilcoxabetterpoetthanFatherHopkins."so…that,such…that"是一個普通的句型，但在同一個句子里有兩處使用它卻比較少見。Thetruthis,thatinonepointofview,thismatterofnationalliteraturehascometosuchapasswithus,thatinsomesensewemustturnbullies,elsethedayislost,orsuperioritysofarbeyondus,thatwecanhardlysayitwilleverbeours."bydoing…"結構。這個結構的意思是"通過（做）"，但翻譯實踐中不能拘泥于這種釋義，不少情況下需要靈活變通。Thehippos,bydepositingdunginthewater,fedthefishthatsupportthestorksthatdestroytheraretrees.下面例句為一倒裝句，主語很長，而且又含有非常復雜的句型。這是以形容詞作表語的倒裝，翻譯實踐中多把倒裝部分譯到最前面。Nolessobviousisthefacttherearegreatnumbersofpeoplesoconstitutedorsobroughtupthattheycannotgetsomuchpleasureoutofprocessesandexperiencesresultinginapoorerlifelessfullofmeaning."what…of"句型IcannotsayofmyselfwhatJohnsonsaidofPope:Heneverpassedafaultunamendedbyindifference,norquitteditbydespair.IdonotwriteasIdo;IwriteasIcan.英語的一個習慣用法是：當否定謂語think(believe)時，實際上是否定其后面的賓語從句。否定就落在賓語從句上。這樣賓語從句就變成了雙重否定，譯時可以按雙重否定譯，也可按肯定來譯。Itisavaluablework.Idonotthinkanyonewritessowellthathecannotlearnmuchfromit."tohavenot…（as）tosee…"中的不定式也有否定意味。Hehadnotthegoodbreedingtoseethatsimplicityandnaturalnessarethetruestmarksofdistinction."Itoccurredtosb.that…"意為"突然想到","Itdawnedon???"."突然想起"等。從句是想起的內容。Irememberoncebeingonabusandlookingatastranger.Hesuddenlylookedbackateyesmet.Myinstinctivereactionwastoavertmygaze.ItoccurredtomethatifIhadcontinuedtomaintaineyecontact,Iwouldhavebeenrudeandaggressive."Itfollowsthat…"二"Ithappensasaresult…"常常被譯為"由此可見"，"因此"，"從前"，"可以推斷"等等。Itfollowsthatthehousewifewillalsoexpecttobeabletohavemoreleisureinherlifewithoutloweringherstandardofliving.Italsofollowsthathumandomesticservantswillhavecompletelyceasedtoexist."that'sallthereistoit"，意思是"也不過如此而已"?？筛鶕?jù)上下文視情況處理。IfI'mtouched,I'mtouched-that'sallthereistoit."Thechancesarethat…"是一句型，譯為"有可能"。Thechancesareyouwillneverattemptthatspeedwithpoetryorwanttoracethoughsomepassagesinfictionoverwhichyouwishtolinger.Feel,see,leave引起賓語的賓語補足語，或在被動語態(tài)中引起主語補足語的某些慣用句型，有時see和feel這兩個詞的被動式不大好譯。遇到這種情況應挖掘其深層含義，不要拘泥于表面形式。Theeducationoftheyoungisseentobeofprimaryimportance.某此以no,nowhere,never,not…bout,not???any,