虛擬語氣課件(ppt)教學(xué)提綱

虛擬語氣課件(PPT)語氣英語的動(dòng)詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動(dòng)詞的不同形式（有的還借助句法形式）來表示。虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(常用在條件狀語從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(常用在名詞性從句中)。簡言之，即：不是事實(shí)或不大可能發(fā)生的事情，就用虛擬語氣來表述虛擬語氣的概念用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Hesuggestedwe___________(start)offearlythenextday.2.It’shightimeyou___________(go)there.3.Shemadethedemandthatshe____________(leave)atonce.4.HowIwishI_______(be)abirdandcouldflyfreelyinthesky!5.Iwouldratheryou_______(pay)menow.6.Weinsistedthey______________(notbe)presentatsuchmeeting.7.IfonlyI______(have)anapartmentofmyownnow!8.Johnpretendsasifhe___________(notknow)thethingatall,butinfactheknowsitwell.shouldstartwent/shouldgoshouldleavewerepaidshouldnotbehaddidnotknow

1.

should+動(dòng)詞原形的結(jié)構(gòu)表示命令、要求、建議等意義的詞有關(guān)的名詞性從句要使用虛擬語氣，即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。

常見動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist；兩個(gè)命令：order,command

三個(gè)建議：advise,suggest,propose四個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,askExercise

Herpalefacesuggestedthatsheshouldbe

ill.SoI

suggestedthat

sheshouldbesenttothehospital,

butsheinsistedthatsheshouldnotbeill.

_________

was______________

wasnot注意：如suggest,insist不表示"建議"或"堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)"，即它們用于其本意"暗示、表明"、"堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為"時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。2.幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法1）wish

/Ifonly

+從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：would/could/might+V.

2）asif/though

+從句過去完成時(shí)過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時(shí)(did/were)過去完成時(shí)(haddone)3）wouldratherthat-現(xiàn)在/未來:過去：過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)4)It’shightime+that-should+V.過去時(shí)5)Wouldyoumindif-過去時(shí)a.if真實(shí)條件句表示條件是真的或有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用陳述語氣。b.if虛擬條件句

表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語氣。Ifwehavechances,wecanhavefurthercooperation.IfIhaveanotherchance,IwillvisitChinaagain.if真實(shí)條件句用于陳述語氣,假設(shè)的情況很有可能發(fā)生,其中if是“如果”的意思if條件從句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主句will\shall+動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwill

sleepathomeifitrainstomorrow.if虛擬條件句

表示條件是虛擬的或幾乎無法實(shí)現(xiàn)的,采用虛擬語氣。

if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句①與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反②與過去事實(shí)相反③與將來事實(shí)可能相反IfI

hadagreatdealofmoney,

I

would

buyavilla(別墅)formyparents.

與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反IfIweretheschoolmasterofHuiminNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反?在此處插入圖片

if虛擬條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)動(dòng)詞的過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)

would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形1.IfI

hadagreatdealofmoney,I

would

buyavilla(別墅)formyparents.2.IfIweretheschoolmasterofHuiminNo.1Middleschool,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.Iftheyoungmanhaddrivenmorecarefully,

he

wouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.與過去事實(shí)相反IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.與過去事實(shí)相反Ifhe

hadgotupearlier

,he

couldhavecaughtthetrain.與過去事實(shí)相反

if虛擬條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞1.

Iftheyongmanhaddrivenmorecarefully,

he

wouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.IfTomhadlearnthowtoswim,hewouldnothavebeentrappedonthatislandforfouryears.3.Ifhe

hadgotupearlier

,he

couldhavecaughtthetrain.would(should/might/could)＋havedoneIfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldshakehandswithhim.

IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…與將來事實(shí)相反

if虛擬條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)1、動(dòng)詞過去式2、wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、should+動(dòng)詞原形would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形

IfImet/weretomeet/shouldmeetObamasomeday,Iwouldshake

handswithhim.

總結(jié)：if虛擬條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)

與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)1、動(dòng)詞過去式2、wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞的過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

would(should/might/could)＋havedonewould(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形（4+1）Exercises1.Ifeveryone___________(know)firstaid,manyliveswouldbesaved.2.IfIhadtakenmoneywithmeyesterday,I___________________(repair)mywatch.3.Ifyou_____________________________(come)tomorrow,Iwouldgofishingwithyou.knewwouldhaverepairedcame/shouldcome/weretocome1.Ifmyfather_____herenow,he______tellmewhattodo.A.were;wouldB.was;willC.hadbeen;wouldD.is;will2.

Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe______inturn,you____sotired.

A.drove…didn’tget

B.haddriven…wouldn’thavegot

C.drove…wouldn’tget

D.weredriving…wouldn’tget

ExerciseAB3.Ifit________raintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will4.--Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possiblethen?--Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…was

B.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…h(huán)adbeen

D.ifitwere…wouldbeBA

Exercise

5.-Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.-Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_____.A.hadn’tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.don't6.Youdidn'ttakemyadvice,

soyoufailedintheexam.（改為虛擬語氣）AIfyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn'thavefailedintheexam.7.IftheUnitedStateshadbuiltmorehomesforpoorpeoplein1955，thehousingproblemsnowinsomepartsofthiscountry________soserious.A.wouldn’tbe B.willnothavebeenC.wouldn’thavebeen D.wouldhavenotbeenExercisenowin1955A

1.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句

if虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)1、If+主語+動(dòng)詞過去式2、If+主語+wereto+動(dòng)詞原形3、If+主語+should+動(dòng)詞原形If+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)主語+would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形即：If+一般過去時(shí)態(tài)（be動(dòng)詞一般用were)If+主語+had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞即：If+過去完成時(shí)態(tài)主語+would(should/might/could)＋havedone主語+would(should/might/could)＋動(dòng)詞原形錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句（4+1）

錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間虛擬條件句即：if虛擬條件句與主句的時(shí)間不一致。1).Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice,youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow.

如果你當(dāng)時(shí)聽了我的話，現(xiàn)在就能完成這份工作了。（

從句說明過去，主句說明現(xiàn)在。）3).Ifyouhadn’tlentmesomemoney,Icouldn’thaveboughtthenewhouseandIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow.

假若你不借錢給我，我不可能買下這幢新房，很可能現(xiàn)在還住在危房里。（從句說明過去，主句說明過去和現(xiàn)在。）Exercises1.If

you

(ask)Tomyesterday,

you__________(know)whattodonow.2.ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayif

I_____inlove

with

thelibraryinmyhometown

atthe

ageof

seven.

A.wouldn’thavefallen

B.hadnotfallen

C.shouldfall

D.weretofall3.Hewouldbeagoodsportsmannowifhetrainedregularly.(改錯(cuò)）hadaskedwouldknowB^had1.Whatdoesthewomenthinkhappen?A.ThatthemanwillnotbeabletosleepB.Thatsomeonewillenterthebackdoorwhile

themanissleepingC.Thatthelockonthedoorwillbreak2.Whatistheproblem?A.Themancan'tdrive.B.Thepartyisover.

C.Theyarelost.BCListeningtext1W:IfIwereyou,I'dbemorecarefulaboutlockingthebackdooratnight.M:Don'tworry,noonewillbreakin.text2W:Ifyouhadlistenedtome,we'dbeattheparty.Moveover.I'lldrive.M:IwassureIknewthewaythere.I‘llturnaround.閱讀理解

Thesoldiershadbeenmarching（行走）upanddowninthesquareforanhourwhiletheirofficershoutedorders,andtheywerealltired,hotandunhappy.Theyweremarchingtowardsabigbuildingwhentheysuddenlyrealizedthattheofficerhadnotlefthimselfenoughtimetogivetheordertoturnroundortostop,sotheyweregoingtomatchstraightintothewall.Thesoldierssmiledhappilyaseachofthoseinthefrontlinedecidedatthesametimetowalkstraightahead.Therewasaloudnoiseastheyhitthewalloneafteranother.Butbeforeanyofthemhadtimetosmileagain,theofficershouted,"Ifyoumenhadbeeninareallystraightline,Iwouldhaveheardonlyonesoundwhen