高考英語(yǔ)形容詞與副詞備課講稿

高考英語(yǔ)形容詞與副詞4)形容詞else放不定代詞或疑問(wèn)代詞后作定語(yǔ)AnythingelsecanIdoforyou,sir?2.the+adj.表一類(lèi)人（復(fù)數(shù)）和抽象概念（單數(shù)）Weshouldhelptheoldandthedisabled.多個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)的排列：限定詞/序數(shù)詞---基數(shù)詞—描繪性形容詞---大，小，長(zhǎng)，短，高，低---形狀---年齡，新舊---顏色----國(guó)籍，地區(qū)，出處---物質(zhì)材料---用途，類(lèi)別+名詞Theoldladywantstobuyabeautifulred

Chinesesilkdressforherdaughterasapresent..Theyboughtacharmingbigroundnewblack

Frenchwoodenwritingdesklastyear.3。意義相差很大的同根副詞close接近地closely密切地free免費(fèi)地freely自由地hard努力地hardly幾乎不late晚lately近來(lái)most非常mostly主要地wide廣闊地widely廣泛地high高h(yuǎn)ighly高度地deep深deeply抽象意義的“深”loud大聲地loudly大聲地（含有“喧鬧”)near鄰近nearly幾乎注意：不帶－ly表具體多位于動(dòng)詞（＋賓語(yǔ)）后介詞前與過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞帶－ly表抽象修飾形容詞，副詞，過(guò)去分詞修飾動(dòng)詞位置不限4。與形容詞相關(guān)的幾個(gè)句型：1)too…totoo+adj./adv.+todo太。。。。。而不能做某事too+adj.(表個(gè)性品質(zhì)）＋todo非常。。。做。。。too…nottodo…..太。。。不會(huì)不做。。。not/nevertoo…todo永不、決不。。。onlytoo/buttoo…todo十分，非常，極其Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.=Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.Heiseagertoleave.Sheisonlytoopleasedtohelpyou.2）more…than與其說(shuō)（后面）倒不如說(shuō)（前面）=beless…than=benotso/asmuch…as=be…ratherthan….=berather…than….Shewasmorefrightenedthanhurt.=Shewaslesshurtthanfrightened.=Shewasfrightenedratherthanhurt.=Shewasratherfrightenedthanhurt.3）cannot…too/cannever…too越。。。。越好Onecanneverbetoocarefultostudy.4）A對(duì)B猶如C對(duì)D一樣AistoB(just)asCistoD=AistoBwhatCistoD=(Just)AsCistoD,soisAtoB=WhatCistoD,thatisAtoBAiristousaswateristofish.=Airistouswhatwateristofish.=Aswateristofish,soisairtous.=Whatwateristofish,thatisairtous.4。形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)的用法：比較等級(jí)的常見(jiàn)句型：1）as+原級(jí)＋as(as+adj.+a/an+單數(shù)名詞＋as)Tomcan’tpayashighapriceasIasked.It’snotso/asdifficultasIexpected.2）比較級(jí)＋than+比較對(duì)象（less+原級(jí)）HeistallerthanI/me.MaryislesscleverthanTom.3）the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwoHeisthetallerofthetwo.4）the+比較級(jí)。。。，the+比較級(jí)。。。Themore,thebetter.5）比較級(jí)＋and+比較級(jí)Thenewcityisbecomingmorethanmorebeautiful.6）beoneof/among+the+最高級(jí)＋pl.Heisoneofthebestfootballplayersinourclass.7）用介詞by表相差的程度Sheistallerthanmebythreeinches.8）一個(gè)人的兩種性質(zhì)的比較，用more…than--Annactsquiteunfriendly.--Ithinkshe’smoreshythanunfriendly.9）否定＋比較級(jí)表最高級(jí)的意義Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.10）no/not+比較級(jí)＋than的特殊含義AisnomorecarefulthanB.A和B一樣都不細(xì)心AisnolesscarefulthanB.A和B一樣細(xì)心AisnotmorecarefulthanB.A不如B細(xì)心AisnotlesscarefulthanB.A比B細(xì)心11）than后加anyother+單數(shù)名詞，allother…,theothers,anyother…,anyoftheother,anythingelse表最高級(jí)Sheplaysthepianobetterthananyotherstudent/allotherstudents/anyoftheotherstudents/anyoftheothers/anybodyelseinherclass.注意：1。比較的對(duì)象應(yīng)該相同Theradiosmadeinourfactoryarebetterthanthose(made)inyourfactory.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.2.比較的對(duì)象不能相互包容比較級(jí)＋than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞/all(the)other+pl./anyoneelse/anyofother+pl.TheMississippiRiverislongerthananyotherriverintheUnitedStates.ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia/anycountryinAfrica.3。修飾比較級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：rather,much,still,even,far,any,alot,agreatdeal,byfar,abit,threetimes….Thestudentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.4。修飾最高級(jí)的修飾語(yǔ)有：序數(shù)詞，byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notrealy,notquite,nothinglike….I’dliketobuythesecondmostexpensivecamera.5.比較狀語(yǔ)中動(dòng)詞的使用：BoblooksyoungerthanIdo.Boblooksyoungerthanheis.BoblookedyoungerthanIdid.Iknowyoubetterthanhedoes.Iknowyoubetterthanhim.6。比較中的省略：1）從句省略整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，保留主語(yǔ)Ourlibraryhasasmanybooksasyours.2）省去謂語(yǔ)保留主語(yǔ)和be,have或助動(dòng)詞Susanhasdoneasmuchhomeworkasyouhave.3）省略主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)，保留狀語(yǔ)Sheismuchbetterthanyesterday.4）省去整個(gè)than從句Sheismuchhealthierandhappier.無(wú)比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)的形容詞和副詞1。表示比較，特殊意義的：comparative(ly),relative(ly),special(ly)2。表絕對(duì)意義的unexpected(ly),entire(ly),excellent(ly),perfect(ly),total(ly),thorough(ly),whole(ly),complete(ly)3。表大小，極限，主觀，上下的：extreme(ly），main,major,chief(ly),senior4。表性質(zhì)特征的scientific,wooden,golden,woolen5。表獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，形狀的，強(qiáng)調(diào)的only,single,round,level,very,,own,simply,favorite倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法：1。主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)＋as+比較對(duì)象TheroomwhereIstayedlastnightisthreetimesasbigasmyownroom.2。主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋the+度量名詞＋of+比較對(duì)象主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋what-clauseOurclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.Thelengthoftheroadistwicewhatitwasthreeyearsago.3。主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than+比較對(duì)象主語(yǔ)＋謂語(yǔ)＋比較級(jí)＋than+比較對(duì)象＋by+倍數(shù)TomhasfourtimesmoremoneythanIhave.Thelineislongerthanonebytwice.Ais倍數(shù)+what從句Theproductionisnowthreetimeswhatitwasthreeyearsago.副詞的類(lèi)別1.按對(duì)象分類(lèi)1）針對(duì)動(dòng)詞A.時(shí)間副詞：nowrecentlyB.頻度副詞：alwaysoftenC.地點(diǎn)副詞：nearbyinatD.方式副詞：clearlybadlygentlyE.程度副詞:almostpoorlyF.強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞：simplytrulyquiteG.方位副詞：insidebackwardsH.方面副詞：morallysocially2)句子副詞針對(duì)句子，用于修飾整個(gè)句子，可以同enough配合使用，如maybe,actually,fortunately,surely,luckily,funnily等。3）引導(dǎo)句子A.疑問(wèn)副詞：whenwherehowwhy引導(dǎo)特殊疑問(wèn)句B.連接副詞：whenwherehowwhy引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句C.關(guān)系副詞：whenwherehowwhy引導(dǎo)定于從句副詞在句子中的作用1.做狀語(yǔ)，修飾各種形式的動(dòng)詞。2.做表語(yǔ)，只限于那些既可做介詞，又可做副詞的小品詞inoutupdownback等。Thelightisstillon.Areyouthrough(withyourwork)?3.做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，只限于上述的小品詞。Keepyourcoatonifyoufeelcold.Iwantitbacknow.4.做定語(yǔ)，只限于上述的小品詞。Writeyounameintheplacebelow.Thebuildingaroundwerebadlydamaged.5.做短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分，只限于上述的小品詞：giveoffgoongeton副詞的比較等級(jí)和使用1.副詞等級(jí)的構(gòu)成和使用與形容詞的情況基本相同。2.副詞的比較等級(jí)的一些特殊用法。1）hadbetter/hadbestdosty:We’dbetternotdisturbhim.Ihadbestfaxthemourplans.2)toknowbetterthan(to)dosomething:懂得不宜作某事：Heknewbetterthantomentionthistoher.3)tothinkbetter(of)sth:改變主意/決定不這樣做：Heusedtobearacialandthoughtbetterofit.

形容詞和副詞及其短語(yǔ)用法舉要4.tobe+adj.+to/forsbtobeimportantto/forsbtobenecessaryto/forsbtobeusefulto/forsbtobeharmfulto/forsbtobeharmlessto/fortobenaturaltosb(某人天生的)tobeunknowntosbtobehelpfultosbtobevaluableto5.tobesorry1)tobesorry,but….2)tobesorrythat….3)tobesorrytodosth…4)tobe/feelsorryfor/aboutsb/sth6.tobeafraid1)tobeafraidtodosth2)tobeafraidofdoingsth/sth/sb7.adj.+and+adj.=adv.goodandcold=verycoldrareandhungry=veryhungryniceandtired=verytired8.most=very:Heisamost(=very)proudmanmost(very)thankful9.very,adj.一樣的；同一的：theveryquestionsheaskedyesterday10.seldom=hardlyever/rarely:11.happilyforsb(sbislucky）12.sometime/sometime/sometimes13.oneday(usedinpastorfuture)/someday(usedinfuture)14.theotherday(usedinpast)/someotherday(usedinfuture)15.everyday(adv.)/everyday(adj.)16.would/had/’drather1)would/’drathersbdid/haddonesty:Iwouldratheryouwenthomenow。(presenttime)Iwouldratheryouhadstayedwithusyesterday.(pasttime)2)would/’dratherdoAthandoB(不做B，做A)3)would/’drathernotdoAthandoB(不做A，做B)17.pretty(=very/fairly/rather)18.rather/fairly1)ratherbad/stupid/poor/cold/hot加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)義，表示“過(guò)于”：Thisisarathereasyquestion.(過(guò)于容易）It’sratherwarmtoday.(perhapstoowarm)2）fairlygood/nice/brave/warm/cool減弱語(yǔ)義，表示“相當(dāng)”：It’sfairlywarmtoday.(=pleasantlywarm)3）rather/too+adj.+for+n.:Heisrathertallforhisage.Heistoothinforhisheight19.quite1)notvery:Thebookisquitelong.2)completely/very:Thestoryisquitewrong.3)(showing“understand”/“agree”）---Ifeelweshouldn’tspendmorethan$20.---Quite.1.Marykeptweighingherselftoseehowmuch_____shewasgetting.heavierB.heavyC.theheavierD.theheaviest2.The________housesmellsasifithasn’tbeenlivedinforyears.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle3.Therearetwobuildings,_____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhichAAD4.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses_____energyasthewholeofEurope.astwiceB.twicemuchC.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas______tocarryallthewayhome.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuchHedidit______ittookme.one-thirdatimeB.one-thirdtimeC.theone-thirdtimeD.one-thirdthetimeDAD7.Borishasbrains.Infact,Idoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas_____IQ>ahighB.ahigherC.thehigherD.thehighest8.Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheideathatthefurtherwego,________.ourholidaywillbebetter.ourholidaywillbebestthebetterourholidaywillbethebetterwillourholidaybe.BC9.____totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.BraveenoughstudentsB.EnoughbravestudentsC.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave10.---Jimhashiswifedoallthehousework!Isn’thewise?---Notreally.Hei