有限元及力學專業(yè)詞匯匯總-中英文對照

拉力tensileforce正應力normalstress切應力shearstress靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure集中力concentratedforce分布力distributedforce線性應力應變關系linearrelationshipbetweenstressandstrain彈性模量modulusofelasticity橫向力lateralforcetransverseforce軸向力axialforce拉應力tensilestress壓應力compressivestress平衡方程equilibriumequation靜力學方程equationsofstatic比例極限proportionallimit應力應變曲線stress-straincurve拉伸實驗tensiletest屈服應力yieldstress極限應力ultimatestress軸shaft梁beam純剪切pureshear橫截面積cross-sectionalarea撓度曲線deflectioncurve曲率半徑radiusofcurvature曲率半徑的倒數(shù)reciprocalofradiusofcurvature縱軸longitudinalaxis懸臂梁cantileverbeam簡支梁simplysupportedbeam微分方程differentialequation慣性矩momentofinertia靜矩staticmoment扭矩torquemoment彎矩bendingmoment彎矩對x的導數(shù)derivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox彎矩對x的二階導數(shù)thesecondderivativeofbendingmomentwithrespecttox靜定梁staticallydeterminatebeam靜不定梁staticallyindeterminatebeam相容方程compatibilityequation補充方程complementaryequation中性軸neutralaxis圓截面circularcrosssection兩端作用扭矩twistedbycouplesattwoends剛體rigidbody扭轉(zhuǎn)角twistangle靜力等效staticallyequivalent相互垂直平面mutuallyperpendicularplanes通過截面形心throughthecentroidofthecrosssection一端鉸支pinsupportatoneend一端固定fixedatoneend彎矩圖bendingmomentdiagram剪力圖shearforcediagram剪力突變abruptchangeinshearforce、旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移rotationandtranslation虎克定律hook'slaw邊界條件boundarycondition初始位置initialposition力矩面積法moment-areamethod繞縱軸轉(zhuǎn)動rotateaboutalongitudinalaxis橫坐標abscissa扭轉(zhuǎn)剛度torsionalrigidity拉伸剛度tensilerigidity剪應力的合力resultantofshearstress正應力的大小magnitudeofnormalstress脆性破壞brittlefail剛體的平衡equilibriumofrigidbody約束力constraintforce重力gravitationalforce實際作用力actualforce三維力系three-dimentionalforcesystem合力矩resultantmoment標量方程scalarequation、矢量方程vectorequation張量方程tensorequation匯交力系cocurrentsystemofforces任意一點anarbitrarypoint合矢量resultantvector反作用力reactionforce反作用力偶reactioncouple轉(zhuǎn)動約束restrietionagainstrotation平動約束restrietionagainsttranslation運動的趨勢tendencyofmotion繞給定軸轉(zhuǎn)動rotateaboutaspecificaxis沿一個方向運動moveinadirection控制方程controlequation共線力collinearforces平面力系planarforcesystem一束光abeamoflight未知反力unknownreactionforces參考框架frameofreference大小和方向magnitudeanddirection幾何約束geometrierestrietion剛性連接rigidlyconnected運動學關系kinematicalrelations運動的合成superpositionofmovement固定點fixedpoint平動的疊力口superpositionoftranslation剛體的角速度angularspeedofarigidbody質(zhì)點動力學particledynamics運動微分方程differentialequationofmotion工程實際問題practicalengineeringproblems變化率rateofchange動量守恒conservationoflinearmomentum定性的描述qualitativedescription點線dottedline劃線dashedline實線solidline矢量積vectorproduct點積dotproduct極慣性矩polarmomentofinertia角速度angularvelocity角力口速度angularaccelerationinfinitesimalamount無窮小量definiteintegral定積分acertainintervaloftime某一時間段kineticenergy動能conservativeforce保守力dampingforce阻尼力coefficientofdamping阻尼系數(shù)freevibration自由振動periodicdisturbance周期性擾動viscousforce粘性力forcedvibration強迫震動generalsolution通解particularsolution特解transientsolution瞬態(tài)解steadystatesolution穩(wěn)態(tài)解secondorderpartialdifferentialequation二階偏微分方程externalforce夕卜力internalforce內(nèi)力stresscomponent應力分量stateofstress應力狀態(tài)coordinateaxes坐標系conditionsofequilibrium平衡條件bodyforce體力continuummechanics連續(xù)介質(zhì)力學displacementcomponent位移分量additionalrestrietions附力口約束compatibilityconditions相容條件mathematicalformulations數(shù)學公式isotropicmaterial各向同性材料sufficientsmall充分小stateofstrain應變狀態(tài)unitmatrix單位矩陣dilatationstrain膨脹應變thefirststraininvariant第一應變不變量deviatorstresscomponents應力偏量分量thefirstinvariantofstresstensor應力張量的第一不變量bulkmodulus體積模量constitutiverelations本構關系linearelasticmaterial線彈性材料mathematicalderivation數(shù)學推導astateofstaticequilibrium靜力平衡狀態(tài)Newton‘sfirstlawofmotion牛頓第一運動定律directlyproportionalto與成正比stressconcentrationfactor應力集中系數(shù)stateofloading載荷狀態(tài)stvenant'principle圣維南原理uniaxialtension單軸拉伸cylindricalcoordinates柱坐標bucklingofcolumns柱的屈曲criticalvalue臨界值stableequilibrium穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡unstableequilibriumcondition不穩(wěn)定平衡條件criticalload臨界載荷aslendercolumn細長桿fixedatthelowerend下端固定freeattheupperend上端自由criticalbucklingload臨界屈曲載荷potentialenergy勢能fixedatbothends兩端固定hingedatbothends兩端鉸支tubularmember管型桿件transversedimention橫向尺寸stabilityofcolumn柱的穩(wěn)定axialforce軸向力ellipticalhole橢圓孔planestress平面應力nominalstress名義應為principalst