新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語綜合教程2110課后翻譯、答案及課文翻譯

Unit1Completethesentenceswiththewordsinbracketsandthesuffix-mentor-ism.Whatisthegoingtodoaboutthisproblem?(govern)Correctanswergovernmentreferstoacontemporarywayofthinking,andisnoteasytodefine.(postmodern)CorrectanswerPostmodernismPost-wareconomicledtothecreationofnewuniversitiesinthe1960s.(develop)CorrectanswerdevelopmentWemustcombatmoneyworshipandextreme.(individual)CorrectanswerindividualismThetwogroupsdiscussedforalongtime,butcouldn'treachan.(agree)CorrectansweragreementThebestwecanmakeforthefutureistoprovideopportunitiesfortheyoungergeneration.(invest)Correctanswerinvestmentisthebeliefthatmenandwomenshouldbetreateddifferently.(sex)CorrectanswerSexismTheofWordsworthisevidentinhispoemontheFrenchRevolution.(romantic)CorrectanswerromanticismRewritethesentencesusingso/neither/nor+inversion.Followtheexample.Example:Thegapbetweenchildhoodandcollegehasshrunk.Thegapbetweencollegeandtherealworldhasshrunk,too.Thegapbetweenchildhoodandcollegehasshrunk,andsohasthegapbetweencollegeandtherealworld.Theworldhaschangedalotsincethe1960s.Universitieshavechangedalot,too.Suggestedanswer:Theworldhaschangedalotsincethe1960s,andsohaveuniversities.Ireallyenjoyedmyyearsatuniversity.Jackiealsoenjoyedthetimeshespentatuniversity.Suggestedanswer:Ireallyenjoyedmyyearsatuniversity,andsodidJackie.Choosingtherightcourseisalwaysamajorproblemfornewstudents.Anothermajorproblemisorganizingone'stimeoncampus.Suggestedanswer:Choosingtherightcourseisalwaysamajorproblemfornewstudents,andsoisorganizingone'stimeoncampus.I'mthinkingofgoingtothelectureonpost-colonialliterature.LiMingisthinkingofgoing,too.Suggestedanswer:I'mthinkingofgoingtothelectureonpost-colonialliterature,andsoisLiMing.Ithinkthefacilitiesinourcollegehaveimprovedoverthelastfewyears.Inmyopiniontheteachinghasalsogotbetter.Suggestedanswer:Ithinkthefacilitiesinourcollegehaveimprovedoverthelastfewyears,andsohastheteaching.WecanaccesstheInternetinourstudenthostel,andit'sthesameforeveryoneelseoncampus.Suggestedanswer:WecanaccesstheInternetinourstudenthostel,andsocaneveryoneelseoncampus.I'mnotveryinterestedinpolitics.Myfriendsaren'teither.Suggestedanswer:I'mnotveryinterestedinpolitics,noraremyfriends.Iwon'tbedoingmuchtonight.Myroommatewon'tbedoingmucheither.Suggestedanswer:Iwon'tbedoingmuchtonight,norwillmyroommate.Rewritethesentencesusingmean.Followtheexample.Example:Whenyouwenttocollegeyouhadyourfirsttasteofrealfreedom.Goingtocollegemeantyourfirsttasteofrealfreedom.Whenyoustartoutatcollegeyoumeetlotsofinterestingpeople.Suggestedanswer:Startingoutatcollegemeansmeetinglotsofinterestingpeople.Ifyougotobedtoolateyouwon'tbeabletoconcentratethenextday.Suggestedanswer:Goingtobedtoolatemeansnotbeingabletoconcentratethenextday.WhenyoudoacourseinLitTheoryyouspendalotoftimeondifficultsubjects.Suggestedanswer:DoingacourseinLitTheorymeansspendingalotoftimeondifficultsubjects.Tobeinterestedinliteratureistohaveanopenmindaboutotherwaysoflife.Suggestedanswer:Beinginterestedinliteraturemeanshavinganopenmindaboutotherwaysoflife.ToprotestagainsttheVietnamWarinthe1960syouwentoutontothestreets.Suggestedanswer:ProtestingagainsttheVietnamWarinthe1960smeantgoingoutontothestreets.Whenyougotocollegetodayyouspendalotoftimethinkingaboutwhatyouwilldoafterwards.Suggestedanswer:GoingtocollegetodaymeansspendingalotoftimethinkingaboutwhatyouwilldoafterwardsTranslatethesentencesintoChinese.OnuniversitycampusesinEurope,masssocialistorcommunistmovementsgaverisetoincreasinglyviolentclashesbetweentheestablishmentandthecollegestudents,withtheirnewandpassionatecommitmenttofreedomandjustice.Suggestedanswer:在歐洲的大學(xué)校園里，大學(xué)生以新的姿態(tài)和激情投入到爭取自由和正義的事業(yè)中去，大規(guī)模的社會主義或共產(chǎn)主義運動引發(fā)了他們與當(dāng)權(quán)者之間日益升級的暴力沖突。Thesedayspolitical,socialandcreativeawakeningseemstohappennotbecauseofcollege,butinspiteofit.Ofcourse,it'struethathighereducationisstillimportant.Forexample,intheUK,PrimeMinisterBlairwasclosetoachievinghisaimofgetting50percentofallunderthirtiesintocollegeby2010(eventhoughacynicwouldsaythatthiswastokeepthemofftheunemploymentstatistics).Suggestedanswer:現(xiàn)在，政治、社會和創(chuàng)造意識的覺醒似乎不是憑借大學(xué)的助力，而是沖破其阻力才發(fā)生的。當(dāng)然，一點不假，高等教育仍然重要。例如，在英國，布萊爾首相幾乎實現(xiàn)了到2010年讓50％的30歲以下的人上大學(xué)的目標(biāo)(即使憤世嫉俗的人會說，這是要把他們排除在失業(yè)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)之外)。IneverhopedtounderstandthenatureofmygenerationorhowAmericancollegesarechangingbygoingtoLitTheoryclasses.Thisistheclasswhereyoulookcool,abitsleepyfromtoomanylatenightsandwearingaT-shirtwithsomeironiccommentsuchas"Beenthere,donethatandyes,thisIStheT-shirt".Suggestedanswer:我從沒指望通過上文學(xué)理論課來了解我這一代人的特征，或了解美國大學(xué)在如何變化。這門課是讓你在課堂上扮酷的——帶著一絲熬夜太多的困勁兒，穿著一件T恤衫，上面印著“去過那兒，干過那事兒，對，這就是那件T恤衫”或諸如此類帶有揶揄意味的俏皮話。We'reagenerationthatcomesfromwhathasbeencalledtheshortcentury(1914-1989),attheendofacenturyofwarandrevolutionwhichchangedcivilizations,overthrewrepressivegovernments,andleftuswithextraordinaryopportunitiesandprivilege,morethananygenerationbefore.Suggestedanswer:我們這一代人來自所謂的短世紀(jì)(1914－1989)，生于其后期。這個世紀(jì)充滿了戰(zhàn)爭和革命，它改變了人類文明，推翻了強權(quán)政府，給我們留下了非同尋常的機(jī)會和特權(quán)。我們所得到的機(jī)會與特權(quán)比從前任何一代人都要多。Donewiththistask.5TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.政府采取的一系列措施不但沒有化解矛盾，反倒激起更多的暴力沖突。反對黨聯(lián)合工會發(fā)動了一次大罷工，最終導(dǎo)致政府的垮臺。(giveriseto;formanalliancewith;launch;bringabout)Suggestedanswer:Insteadofresolvingcontradictions,theseriesofmeasurestakenbythegovernmentgaverisetomoreviolentclashes.TheOppositionformedanalliancewiththetradeunionsandlaunchedageneralstrike,whichultimatelybroughtaboutthedownfallofthegovernment.如今，大學(xué)與現(xiàn)實世界的距離越來越小，學(xué)生也變得越來越實際。從前，大學(xué)是一個象牙塔，學(xué)者追求的是學(xué)問本身而不是把學(xué)問作為達(dá)到目的的手段，但這樣的時代已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了。(shrink；gonearethedays;ameanstoanend)Suggestedanswer:Nowadays,thegapbetweentheuniversityandtherealworldisshrinkingandstudentsarebecomingmoreandmorepractical.Gonearethedayswhentheuniversitywasanivorytowerinwhichscholarspursuedknowledgeasanendratherthanameanstoanend.我從未指望靠上課來學(xué)好這門課。但我確實去聽課，因為在課上我能了解這門課的重點，學(xué)會如何組織材料、如何推理。(hope;theplacewhere)Suggestedanswer:Ineverhopedtolearnthesubjectwellbyattendingthoselectures.ButIdidgotolectures,foritwastheplacewhereIcouldgettheimportantpointsofthecourseandlearnhowtoorganizematerialsandhowtoreason.我一直想方設(shè)法解決這個難題，但就是找不到滿意的答案?？墒钱?dāng)我去廚房喝飲料的時候，我突然間靈機(jī)一動，意識到解決問題的方法實際上可能很簡單。(workout;click)Suggestedanswer:AlthoughIhavebeentryingeverymeanstosolvetheproblem,Icannotworkoutasatisfactorysolution.ButwhenIwenttothekitchentogetadrink,somethingclickedandmademerealizethatthesolutionmightbequitesimple.Unit2Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinbracketsandthesuffix-antor-ancy.About800,000illegalentertheUSeveryyear.(immigrate)CorrectanswerimmigrantsShesaysherdreamistobeoneoftheonaTVrealityshowlike"BigBrother".(contest)CorrectanswercontestantsIwanttogetajobasateacher,buttherearen'tmanyatthemoment.(vacant)CorrectanswervacanciesIhaveafriendwhorunsamanagementinLondon.(consult)CorrectanswerconsultancyThetriallastedthreedays,duringwhichtimetheneveropenedhermouth.(defend)CorrectanswerdefendantMelcan'tmakehismindupaboutanything.Hisisabitworrying.(hesitant)CorrectanswerhesitancyIdon'tknowthewayoutofthebuilding.Perhapsyoushouldasktheoverthere.(attend)CorrectanswerattendantAnormallastsforabout40weeks.(pregnant)CorrectanswerpregnancyHeworkedasanheadteacherfortwoyearsbeforecominghere.(assist)CorrectanswerassistantCompletetheanswerswiththecorrectformoftheunderlinedwordsandtheprefixmis-.Whathappensifyoudon'tunderstandsomethingproperly?Youit.CorrectanswermisunderstandWhathaveyoudonewithsomethingifit'sinthewrongplace?Youhaveit.CorrectanswermisplacedWhatistheoppositeofgoodfortune?Itis.CorrectanswermisfortuneIfyouhavemadeanincorrectjudgementofsomeone'scharacter,whathaveyoudone?Youhavemadea.CorrectanswermisjudgementIfyouhavenotbeencorrectlyinformedaboutsomething,whathashappened?Youhavebeenaboutit.CorrectanswermisinformedNowrewritethesentencesusingbythetime.Followtheexample.Example:Iaccumulatedafixedcircleofpeople.ThenIlostmyhearing.BythetimeIlostmyhearing,I'dalreadyaccumulatedafixedcircleofpeople.Iarrivedattheparty.Almosteveryonehadalreadyleft.Suggestedanswer:BythetimeIarrivedattheparty,almosteveryonehadalreadyleft.Attheageoftwo,childrenknowabout100words.Suggestedanswer:Bythetimechildrenaretwo,theyhaveknownabout100words.Intheendherealizedwhatwashappening,butitwastoolatetoaskforhelp.Suggestedanswer:Bythetimeherealizedwhatwashappening,ithadbeentoolatetoaskforhelp.WhenIfinallygotmydegree,mostofmyfriendsalreadyhadjobs.Suggestedanswer:BythetimeIfinallygotmydegree,mostofmyfriendsalreadyhadjobs.Childrenlearnalotofusefulskillsbeforetheyleaveprimaryschool.Suggestedanswer:Bythetimetheyleaveprimaryschool,childrenhavelearntalotofusefulskills.Courtneyfinishedwritingtheessay.Thedeadlinehadalreadypassed.Suggestedanswer:BythetimeCourtneyfinishedwritingtheessay,thedeadlinehadalreadypassed.Rewritethesentencesusingasif/asthough.Followtheexample.Example:Hopecrawledofftobecomfortedbyhermother.Shewastheonewhoseemedtohavebeenhurt(andnottheotherbaby).Hopecrawledofftobecomfortedbyhermother,asthoughitwereshewhohadbeenhurt.Ididn'tmakethemistake,buttheoldmanshoutedatme.Suggestedanswer:Theoldmanshoutedatme,asif/asthoughitweremewhohadmadethemistake.Thegirldidn'tfallover,butshestartedcrying.Suggestedanswer:Thegirlstartedcrying,asif/asthoughitwereshewhohadfallenover.Itwasn'tLucy'sparty,butshestoodatthedoorwelcomingeveryone.Suggestedanswer:Lucystoodatthedoorwelcomingeveryone,asif/asthoughitwereherparty.Davidwasn'tmakingthenoise,butSylviaclosedthedoorofhisroom.Suggestedanswer:SylviaclosedthedoorofDavid'sroom,asif/asthoughitwerehimthatwasmakingthenoise.TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.Suchmotormimicry,asitiscalled,istheoriginaltechnicalsenseofthewordempathyasitwasfirstusedinthe1920sbyE.B.Titchener,anAmericanpsychologist.Titchener'stheorywasthatempathystemmedfromasortofphysicalimitationofthedistressofanother,whichthenevokesthesamefeelingsinoneself.Suggestedanswer:這種所謂的運動神經(jīng)模仿就是“同感”的原始技術(shù)含義，而“同感”這個詞于20世紀(jì)20年代由美國心理學(xué)家E.B?鐵欽納首次使用。鐵欽納的理論是：同感發(fā)自對他人痛苦的一種身體模仿，這種模仿繼而在自身引起同樣的心理感受。Hesoughtawordthatwouldbedistinctfromsympathy,whichcanbefeltforthegeneralplightofanotherwithnosharingwhateverofwhatthatotherpersonisfeeling.Motormimicryfadesfromtoddlers'repertoireataroundtwoandahalfyears,atwhichpointtheyrealizethatsomeoneelse'spainisdifferentfromtheirown,andarebetterabletocomfortthem.Suggestedanswer:他當(dāng)時在尋找一個與同情有所區(qū)別的詞；同情是針對他人的一般困境而發(fā)的，無須分擔(dān)他人的任何感受。小孩兩歲半左右就漸漸不再有運動神經(jīng)模仿行為，那時他們會意識到別人的痛苦與自己的不同，會更有能力安慰別人。Ialsolovethesplit-secondshockedexpressiononthenewpeople,thehastysmilesandtheirbestimitationsofwhattheythinkofastheir"normalfaces".IftheydotheritualwellenoughIturnmyheadeversoslightlyandtuckmyhairbehindoneofmyears,whicheverone'sclosertothem.Suggestedanswer:我也喜歡生人臉上那瞬間的震驚表情、匆忙的微笑和他們竭力裝出的“正常臉色”。如果他們這套儀式做得夠好，我就會微微轉(zhuǎn)過頭，把頭發(fā)掖到離他們較近的那只耳朵后面。"Imostlyjustreadlipsbecauseitwaseasiertopickupthansigning,althoughthat'snottheonlyreasonIwasstaringatyourlips,"Itoldhim.Helaughed.Wetalkedmore,andthenthehostuppedthemusicvolumeanddimmedthelightsforthe"dancefloor",andIhadtoleaninmuch,muchclosertobeabletocontinuereadinghislipsinthesemi-darkness.AndreadhislipsIdid.Suggestedanswer:我告訴他說：“我基本上只讀唇語，因為這比用手語更容易，但這不是我一直盯著你的嘴唇的唯一原因?！彼笮ζ饋怼Ｎ覀冇终f了一會兒話。后來，主人放大音樂的音量，調(diào)暗“舞池”的燈光；我不得不湊近他，近得多得多，以便能在昏暗中接著讀他的唇語。我的確讀到了他的唇語。TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.一看見抽屜里的那些老照片，我的眼淚就涌了出來。它們讓我想起了我跟爺爺奶奶、爸爸媽媽、兄弟姐妹一起生活的美好時光。(themoment；wellup)Suggestedanswer:ThemomentIsawthoseoldphotosinthedrawer,tearswelledupinmyeyes,formymemorywentbacktothedayswhenIlivedhappilywithmygrandparents,myparentsandmybrothersandsisters.有個學(xué)生踩到地上的一灘水滑倒了。周圍的人反應(yīng)各異，有的關(guān)心地走上前去看他是否受傷了、能為他做點什么；有的則站在一邊不知所措；有的干脆就不理。(divergefrom;approach;confuseover;tuneout)Suggestedanswer:Whenastudentslippedonapoolofwaterandfellover,people'sreactiondivergedfromoneanother.Someapproachedcaringlytoseeifhewashurtandiftheycouldhelp;somejuststoodthereconfusingoverwhattodoaboutit;whileothersjusttunedout.上星期六上午，我像往常一樣去超市購物。我剛要打開車門，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)沒帶錢包。我只好回家去找，可是哪兒也找不到。(dotheusual;donothingbut;failtodo)Suggestedanswer:LastSaturdaymorning,Ididtheusualandwentshoppinginthesupermarket.WhenIwasabouttoopenthedoorofmycar,IfoundthatIdidnothavemywalletonme.Icoulddonothingbutgobackhomeinsearchofit,butIfailedtofinditanywhere.我上小學(xué)二年級的時候，我們班有個同學(xué)得到的生日禮物是一輛紅色的遙控車。我們大家只有羨慕的份，卻不能也去買一輛，因為那種遙控車很貴，而且還是在香港買的，那時候在我們看來香港和紐約一樣遙不可及。(couldonly；asfaras)Suggestedanswer:WhenIwasasecondgrader,oneofmyclassmatesgotaredradio-controlledtoycarasabirthdaygift.Therestofuscouldonlyadmire,butcouldnotimitate,becausethecarwasexpensiveandwasboughtinHongKong,aplacewhichseemedtousasfarawayasNewYorkatthattime.Unit3babbaLookatthesentencefromthepassageStolenidentity.Andthencompletethesentencessothatthey'retrueforyou,evenifyouprefertothinkthey'renot.Example:Thereisnoescapingthefactthatrightnowfraudstersarefindingidentitycrimealltooeasy.ThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIspeakEnglish,.SuggestedanswerImakealotofmistakesThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIgoonline,.SuggestedanswerIwastealotoftimechattingtopeopleaboutnothingThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIdoanassignment,.SuggestedanswerIalwaysstartittoolateThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIgobackhometoseemyparents,.SuggestedanswerIspendtoomuchtimeonthephoneinsteadoftalkingtothemThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIstayuplate,.SuggestedanswerIamuselessinclassthenextdayThereisnoescapingthefactthatwhenIgoshopping,.SuggestedanswerIspendfartoomuchmoneybbababbabbTranslatethesentencesintoChinese.Thatwasthestraplineofthe2002filmCatchMeIfYouCan,whichtellsthestoryofFrankAbagnale,Jr.（LeonardoDiCaprio）,abrilliantyoungmasterofdeceptionwhoatdifferenttimesimpersonatedadoctor,alawyer,andanairplanepilot,forgingchecksworthmorethansixmilliondollarsin26countries.HebecametheyoungestmantoevermaketheFBI'smost-wantedlistforforgery.Suggestedanswer:這是2002年的電影《有種來抓我》的劇情簡介。影片講述了小弗蘭克?阿巴格納爾（萊昂納多?迪卡普里奧飾演）的故事。影片主人公是一位聰明絕頂?shù)哪贻p騙術(shù)大師，曾在不同時間扮演醫(yī)生、律師和飛行員的角色，在26個國家偽造了價值600萬美元以上的支票。他成了聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局有史以來偽造罪頭號通緝令名單上最年輕的通緝犯。Since2003,identitythefthasbecomeincreasinglycommon.Fewpeoplecouldimaginehowimportantthingsliketakingmailtothepostofficeandnotleavingitinthemailboxforpickup,shreddingdocumentsinsteadofthrowingthemoutwiththetrash,evenusingapencostingacoupleofbucks,havebecometoavoidlife-changingcrimes.Suggestedanswer:2003年以來，身份盜竊案變得越來越常見。很少有人會想象到，為了預(yù)防這種改變?nèi)松姆缸铮扇∫恍╊A(yù)防措施有多么重要，比如把郵件拿到郵局去寄而不是丟在信箱里等人來取、把文件切碎而不是直接把它們連同垃圾一道扔出去，甚至使用幾美元一支的（特效）Ifwe'velearnedonethingfromterrorists,nottomentionactionmovies,it'sthatatoolisalsoaweapon.Globallyacceptedcreditcardsandthedatabasesthatsupportthemaretoolsfortakingthefrictionoutofcommerce.That'sanotherwayofsayingthatthey'retoolsforextractingmoneyfrompeoplewithminimumeffortoneveryone'spart.Suggestedanswer:假如說我們從恐怖分子那里—更不用說從動作電影那里——學(xué)到了一招，那就是，工具也是武器。全球通用的信用卡和支持它們的數(shù)據(jù)庫是去除商業(yè)摩擦的工具。換句話說，它們是以讓各方最省事的方式從人們那里取錢的工具。Whereveruniversalidentificationleads,wedon'tyetknowhowtomanageaworldinwhicheverythingcanbelinkedtome,whereverIam.Wedon'tknowyethowtobalancetheundoubtedconvenienceofthisworldwiththeperil—vague,butapparentlynear—thatwesenseinthepresenceofallthatinformationcombinedandconsolidated,ifonlylogically.Suggestedanswer:無論通用身份的前景如何，我們尚不知道該如何應(yīng)付這樣一個世界：無論我身在何處，一切都可能與我有關(guān)聯(lián)。一方面，這個世界給我們提供了無可置疑的種種方便；另一方面，我們又面對著所有這些強化組合的信息（如果是合理的強化組合該多好?。┧鶐淼姆N種危險。這種危險雖然模糊，但顯然離我們很近。我們尚不知如何在兩者之間保持平衡。TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.這些文件很重要，內(nèi)容要絕對保密。如果要處理掉的話，應(yīng)先把它們切碎或撕掉，而不是直接當(dāng)垃圾扔掉。(contentofwhich；tearup；insteadof)Suggestedanswer:Theseareimportantdocuments,thecontentofwhichshouldbekeptstrictlyconfidential.Ifyouneedtodisposeofthem,youmustshredthemortearthemupinsteadofthrowingthemoutwiththetrash.現(xiàn)在，偽造支票、身份證和信用卡之類的白領(lǐng)犯罪已變得相當(dāng)普遍。盡管我們學(xué)會了許多防止被騙的招數(shù)，可是看起來我們隨時都可能被騙。(forge；prevent...from)Suggestedanswer:Nowadays,white-collarcrimessuchasforgingchecks,IDcardsandcreditcardshavebecomeverycommon.Thoughwehavelearntmuchabouthowtopreventourselvesfrombeingcheated,itseemsthatwecouldbeitsvictimsatanytime.地震已過去了好幾個月，生活恢復(fù)了正常。人們與平時一樣忙著各自的事情。但一個無法回避的事實是，地震給人們帶來的精神創(chuàng)傷也許永遠(yuǎn)無法抹去。(goabout；thereisnoescapingthefactthat...；mentaltrauma；wipeout)Suggestedanswer:Ithasbeenseveralmonthssincetheearthquake.Lifehasreturnedtonormal,andpeoplearebusygoingabouttheirbusiness.Butthereisnoescapingthefactthatthementaltraumatheearthquakebroughttopeoplewillneverbewipedout.為什么說一個圖書館擁有大量可供隨時閱覽的新書及電子圖書資源很重要呢？因為那樣的話，學(xué)者們就可以了解自己學(xué)科領(lǐng)域里的最新進(jìn)展，知道自己的研究是否有價值。(matter;readilyavailabeto;ifso)Suggestedanswer:Whydoesitmatterthatalibraryhasmanynewbooksandelectronicresourcesreadilyavailabletothereaders?Thisisbecauseifso,thescholarsknowthelatestdevelopmentintheirownfieldsandknowwhethertheirresearchisvaluable.Unit4Replacetheunderlinedwordswithcompoundsmadefromdownandthewordsinbrackets.I'mgoingtothecentreoftowntonight.(town)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdowntownIneedtotransferthisdataontomycomputer.(load)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdownloadI'mafraidthey'regoingtomovemetoajobwhichislessimportant.(grade)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdowngradeTheeditor'sofficeisonthefloorbelowthisone.(stairs)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdownstairsWhyhaveyouboughtsuchacheapandpopulartabloid?(market)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdownmarketTherehasbeenasharpfallindemandinrecentmonths.(turn)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerdownturnReplacetheunderlinedwordswithphrasalverbsmadefromtheverbsinbracketsanddown.Housepricesbegantofallafewmonthsago.(go)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswergodownIappliedforajobwiththelocalpaper,buttheydidn'tofferittome.(turn)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerturnedmedownTheyalwayscriticizetheeducationministeronthatprogramme.(run)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerrundownYouareexpectedtoleavethepositionafterthreeyearsaspresident.(stand)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerstanddownIt'stimeweallstartedtowork.(get)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswergotdownForcenturiesthesestorieshavebeentransmittedfromonegenerationtothenext.(hand)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerhandeddownThegovernmentloweredinterestratesinordertotackleinflation.(bring)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerbroughtdownShestartedcryingwhensheheardthenews.(break)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerbrokedownRewritethesentencesusingbysomeone+participle.Followtheexample.Example:Technicianswereworriedthatthemousecouldchewthroughwires.Eventuallytheycaughtit.Themousewaseventuallycaughtbyagroupoftechniciansworriedthatthemousecouldchewthroughwires.Alotofpeoplewereinterestedintheresultsofthematch.Theyallboughtthelate-nighteditionofthepaper.Suggestedanswer:Thelate-nighteditionofthepaperwasboughtbyalotofpeopleinterestedintheresultsofthematch.Photographersweredeterminedtogetaphotooftheprincess.Theyfollowedheracrossthetown.Suggestedanswer:Theprincesswasfollowedacrossthetownbyphotographersdeterminedtogetaphotoofher.Millionsofpeoplewatchedtheprogramme.Theywerehopingtowinthestarprize.Suggestedanswer:Theprogrammewaswatchedbymillionsofpeoplehopingtowinthestarprize.Twochildrensetoffthealarm.Theyhadbeenstartledtohearanoiseinthebackroom.Suggestedanswer:Thealarmwassetoffbytwochildrenstartledtohearanoiseinthebackroom.Themotherofoneoftheboyscontactedthepolice.Shewasworriedthathemighthavegotlost.Suggestedanswer:Thepolicewerecontactedbyoneoftheboys'mothersworriedthathemighthavegotlost.Theeditorwashopingtobethefirsttobreakthenews.Hechangedthefrontheadlines.Suggestedanswer:Thefrontheadlineswerechangedbytheeditorhopingtobethefirsttobreakthenews.Moreandmorepeoplearereadingonlineeditionsofthenewspapers.Theydon'twanttobuythetraditionaledition.Suggestedanswer:Onlineeditionsofthenewspapersarebeingreadbymoreandmorepeoplenotwantingtobuythetraditionaledition.NowrewritethesentencesusingSo+inversion+that.Followtheexample.Example:Thenewswassostrikingthatyearsaftertheevent,manypeoplecanstillrememberexactlywhattheyweredoingwhentheyfirstheardit.Sostrikingwasthenewsthat,yearsaftertheevent,manypeoplecanstillrememberexactlywhattheyweredoingwhentheyfirstheardit.Thenewsreader'saccentwassooddthatIcouldn'tunderstandwhatshewassaying.Suggestedanswer:Sooddwasthenewsreader'saccentthatIcouldn'tunderstandwhatshewassaying.ThelanguageonthatprogrammewassoincrediblybadthatIswitchedofftheTV.Suggestedanswer:SoincrediblybadwasthelanguageonthatprogrammethatIswitchedofftheTV.Thestorywassoexaggeratedthatithadtobecompletelyrewritten.Suggestedanswer:Soexaggeratedwasthestorythatithadtobecompletelyrewritten.Oneofthetraineeswassocarelessthathelefthisnotebookatthesceneofthecrime.Suggestedanswer:Socarelesswasoneofthetraineesthathelefthisnotebookatthesceneofthecrime.Thedistancefromoneregiontothenextwassogreatthatwehadtotravelbyplane.Suggestedanswer:Sogreatwasthedistancefromoneregiontothenextthatwehadtotravelbyplane.Frank'sreactionsweresoslowthathewasn'tabletoavoidhittingthecarinfront.Suggestedanswer:SoslowwereFrank'sreactionsthathewasn'tabletoavoidhittingthecarinfront.TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.Theobjectiveimportanceofaneventisobviouslynotenough—thereareplentyofenormousglobalissuesoutthere,withdramaticconsequences,frompovertytoglobalwarming—butsincetheyareongoing,theydon'tallmaketheheadlinesonthesameday.9/11,incontrast,wasnotjustinternational,butodd,unexpected,and(inthesensethatitwaspossibletoidentifywiththeplightofpeoplecaughtupinthedrama)veryhuman.Suggestedanswer:一個事件光有客觀重要性顯然還不夠——世界上有大量全球性的大問題，都會造成戲劇性的后果，從貧困問題到全球變暖問題——但由于它們都是進(jìn)行中的，并不都會在同一天成為頭條。對比之下，9/11不僅具有國際性，而且奇特怪異、出人意料，還(可能使讀者對身陷那場悲劇中的人們的痛苦感同身受，從這個意義上講)極具人性。ButTVnewsisnotnecessarilymoreobjectiveorreliablethananewspaperreport,sincetheimagesyouarelookingatonyourscreenhavebeenchosenbyjournalistsoreditorswithspecificobjectives,oratleastfollowingsetguidelines,andtheyareshownfromauniqueviewpoint.Byplacingthecamerasomewhereelseyouwouldgetadifferentpicture.Suggestedanswer:但是，電視新聞未必比報紙報道更客觀或更可靠，因為你在屏幕上看到的圖像是經(jīng)記者或編輯根據(jù)特殊的目的，或至少是按照預(yù)定指示篩選過的；它們是從一個獨特的視點展現(xiàn)給觀眾的。如果把攝像機(jī)移到別的地方，你就會看到另一番景象。TheInternetprovidesaneasyoutletforanyonewithanopinion,andthere'snothinganewspapereditorlikesmoreforreassuranceabouttheirworkthanfeedbackandopinions,asdiverseaspossible.Teenagerstodaydon'trememberatimewhentheydidn'thavetheInternet,andreadinganewspaperissomethingtheyonlydoiftheyhaveanassignmenttowriteaboutthespecificmediumofprintjournalism.Suggestedanswer:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為任何有意見的人提供了一個便利的窗口；報紙編輯最喜歡的莫過于給他們提供各種不同的反饋和意見，他們能從中得到安慰。如今十幾歲的少年已不記得曾經(jīng)沒有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的日子了；只有在寫關(guān)于印刷新聞這一特定媒體的作業(yè)時他們才去讀報。Somaybethenewspaperwon'tdiewithoutastruggle.Trendsforthefutureofnewspaperincludeanincreaseddemandforlocalnews,andthecontinuedexploitationoflifestylejournalism,whichbeganinthelate1980s,especiallywithinpersonalfinanceandtravel,willcreatenewrevenuestreams.Suggestedanswer:如此看來，報紙是不會輕易消失的。未來報紙發(fā)展的趨勢包括對本地新聞需求的日益增長，而始于20世紀(jì)80年代后期的對生活方式新聞的持續(xù)開發(fā)利用——尤其在個人理財和旅游方面——將會創(chuàng)造新的收入來源。TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.這個消息來得如此突然、如此令人震驚，我在沙發(fā)上呆呆地坐了幾分鐘。我的第一本能反應(yīng)就是趕緊打電話把這件事告訴領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，看看我們能為那些在這起交通事故中死傷的同事做些什么。(so...that；firstinstinct)Suggestedanswer:Sosudden,sostrikingwasthenewsthatIsatmotionlessonsofaforafewminutes.Myfirstinstinctwastocallourleaderstotellthemwhathadhappenedandseewhatwecoulddoforthosecolleagueswhodiedorgotinjuredinthistrafficaccident.紙版的兒童圖書與電子書相比有很大的優(yōu)勢。對孩子們來說，一本印刷精美的紙版書不僅是一本書也是一個玩具。讀紙版書的感覺與在屏幕上讀書的感覺是很不同的。(haveadvantageover;bedifferentfrom)Suggestedanswer:Paperbooksforchildrenhaveanenormousadvantageovere-books.Forchildren,abeautifullyprintedpaperbookisnotonlyabookbutalsoatoytheycanplaywith.Readingapaperbookisratherdifferentfromreadingabookonthescreen.近年來，傳統(tǒng)媒體呈現(xiàn)出衰退的趨勢，新媒體迅速發(fā)展。盡管如此，這并不一定意味著傳統(tǒng)媒體已失去市場。若談到閱讀新聞之類，人們還是習(xí)慣于像報紙這樣的傳統(tǒng)媒體o(inthetendencyof;notnecessarily;whenitcomesto...)Suggestedanswer:Inrecentyears,traditionalmediaareinthetendencyofdeclineandnewmediaaredevelopingrapidly.However,thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthattrationalmediahavelostthemarket.Whenitcomestoreadingthingslikenews,peoplearestillusedtosuchtraditionalmediaasnewspaper.隨著金融危機(jī)的爆發(fā)，許多企業(yè)陷入了困境。對于那些因缺乏流動資金無法進(jìn)行再生產(chǎn)又不想讓惡性循環(huán)繼續(xù)下去的企業(yè)，他們唯一能做的事情就是向政府求助。（findoneselfindifficulty;turnto)Suggestedanswer:Withtheexplosionofthefinancialcrisis,manyenterprisesfindthemselvesindifficulties.Forthosewhohavenocirculatingfundtoinvestinnewproductionandwouldnotlettheviciouscirclecontinue,theonlythingtheycandoistoturntogovernmentforhelp.Unit5Completethesentenceswiththewordsinbracketsandtheappropriateprefixup-orunder-.Ihadtoswimforalongwaytogetoutoftheirsight.(water)CorrectanswerunderwaterWhat'shappenedsinceI'vebeenaway?Canyoume?(date)CorrectanswerupdateThefirstruleinanycombatis:Neveryourenemy.(estimate)CorrectanswerunderestimateMymenspentmostofthemorningcarryingheavyequipment.(hill)CorrectansweruphillAshedidn'thavehisbathingcostumewithhim,thechildwentswimminginhis.(pants)CorrectanswerunderpantsThiscomputerisn'tverypowerful.Ineedan.(grade)CorrectanswerupgradeYoushouldstandtosalutetheGeneral.(right)CorrectansweruprightInLondonthesubwayisknownasthe.(ground)CorrectanswerUndergroundReplacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformoftheverbsinbrackets.Canyousendmeatextmessagewhenyouarrive?(text)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswertextIwouldliketomakeavideoofthisscene.(video)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswervideoSamanthaistakentoschoolbybuseverymorning.(bus)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerbussedHowcanIgetaccesstoyouraccountwithoutthepassword?(access)Yourreplacement:CorrectansweraccessAbout100peoplemovedinacrowdintothewaitingroom.(crowd)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswercrowdedI'vealreadysentyoumyreplybymail.(mail)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswermailedThat'salotofmoneyyou'vegotthere.Ithinkyoushouldputitinthebank.(bank)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswerbankScientistshavesucceededinmakingamapofthehumangenome.(map)Yourreplacement:CorrectanswermappingRewritethesentences,usingtheexpressionsinbrackets.OnedayhewillbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.(thedaywillcome)Suggestedanswer:ThedaywillcomewhenhewillbeabletospeakfluentEnglish.You'llbothhavetogetajoboneday.(thetimewillcome)Suggestedanswer:Thetimewillcomewhenyou'llbothhavetogetajob.Onedayyouwillhaveachancetowriteabouttheexperience.(therewillcomeaday)Suggestedanswer:Therewillcomeadaywhenyouwillhaveachancetowriteabouttheexperience.PerhapsonedayIwillunderstand.(thedaywillcome)Suggestedanswer:PerhapsthedaywillcomewhenIwillunderstand.Rewritethesentencesusingwhatmustitbe/havebeenlike.Followtheexample.Example:It'sverybadinHolland.Iwonderwhatit'slikeinthosefarawayanduncivilizedplaceswheretheGermansaresendingthem.Ifit'sthatbadinHolland,whatmustitbelikeinthosefarawayanduncivilizedplaceswheretheGermansaresendingthem?It'sverycoldhere.IwonderhowcolditisinScotland.Suggestedanswer:Ifit'sverycoldhere,whatmustitbelikeinScotland?Housesareexpensiveinthispartofthecountry.IwonderhowexpensivetheyareinParis.Suggestedanswer:Ifhousesareexpensiveinthispartofthecountry,whatmusttheybelikeinParis?Thereadinglistisratherlonginthefirstyear.Iwonderhowlongitwillbeinthesecondyear.Suggestedanswer:Ifthereadinglistisratherlonginthefirstyear,whatmustitbelikeinthesecondyear?Incomesareverylowhere.Iwonderhowlowtheywereahundredyearsago.Suggestedanswer:Ifincomesareverylowhere,whatmusttheyhavebeenlikeahundredyearsago?Therulesarecompletelycrazyinpeacetime.Iwonderhowcrazytheyareduringwartime.Suggestedanswer:Iftherulesarecompletelycrazyinpeacetime,whatmusttheyhavebeenlikeduringwartime?Lifeishardnow.IwonderhowharditwasduringtheMiddleAges.Suggestedanswer:Iflifeishardnow,whatmustithavebeenlikeduringtheMiddleAges?TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.Itwasahorriblejoke,butDocDaneekadidn'tlaughuntilYossariancametohimonemissionlaterandpleadedagain,withoutanyrealexpectationofsuccess,tobegrounded.DocDaneekasnickeredonceandwassoonimmersedinproblemsofhisown,whichincludedChiefWhiteHalfoat,whohadbeenchallenginghimallthatmorningtoIndianwrestle,andYossarian,whodecidedrightthenandtheretogocrazy.Suggestedanswer:那是個粗魯?shù)耐嫘?，可是達(dá)尼卡大夫并沒有笑，直到約薩里安又執(zhí)行了一次任務(wù)之后，再次來求他要求停飛——盡管這沒有任何指望。達(dá)尼卡大夫竊笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻煩中去了，這包括懷特?哈夫特指揮官那天早上一直在向他挑戰(zhàn)，要和他比印度式摔跤，而約薩里安則恰恰在彼時彼地決定要發(fā)瘋。Therewasonlyonecatchandthatwascatch-22,whichspecifiedthataconcernforone'sownsafetyinthefaceofda