高二上學(xué)期 第三章 水溶液中的離子平衡 單元測(cè)試題

一、選擇題（本題包括

小題．每小題

分．共

分．每小題只有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)符合題意．）K+ A.

B.

K+=

pH=6+

pH=7

K+=

pH=6

+

pH=7

BB

B.

K+Al3+ 2+ABAA

BAl3+

B

= × =

2+

A.+=cB.+=c

A

pH=7++c+=c+cB++c

n

nA

pH=7

+=c++c+=c+c

+=c

A

B=c++c

+=cB

++c

n

n

BB

AlCl

AlCl

Al

A.B.

BBpH=7

4+ 4+4+ +4+

pH=7

+=c=

pH=7

+=c++c4+=c4+4+

BB

K

K

K

KK

K

B.

+H

+H2+

+H AA

B

+H

B

+H2++

+H

BB A.KB.

KK

KKABKKAA

B

KK

2+

B

K

K

K

1L

A.

B.

4+

4+

+

+A

n

A

nB

4+n+n4+

B

n

4+

+n++n

n

Cl

A.B.++c+=c+c4+=c

4+=ABCl

AA

B++c+=c+c

B

+

Cl

++

BB

b

pH=5

4+R+

+Ab

Bb

pH=7

+4+R

Ab

AB

b

pH=7

R

RB

+ R

K=c+×c

BB

Cl

A.Cl==B.

+

AB

ACl

Cl

Cl==

A

BCl

B

Cl

+

Cl

HXHY

A.HXHY

+=10

YHY

pH=7A

+×c

B

=12+×c=10

+

=6+×c=10+=10

HY

HY

Yb

=0+=cAHX

=12

HY

+×c

HX

HX

HY

A

B

=12+×c=10=10+

+=10

B

=6+×c=10+=10

HY

HY

Y

YHY

b

B

=0+=cpH=7

B A.pH=a

b

b=a+1

++pH=3

AB+ApH=a

b

ba+1A

B

++

B

+

=10

A.B.

+

=10

=10

moA

A

B+=

+=

B

pH=4

+=10

A.

B.

Cl

Al3+Al3++

Al3+Al3++A+A

BCl

4+Al3+B

aqaq

aqaq

aq+Haq=aq

leq

\o\ac(△,）) aq++aqleq

\o\ac(△,）) aq+H++aq+Hleq

\o\ac(△,）) +aqaq=H

leq

\o\ac(△,）)

aq+aqaqeq

\o\ac(△,），)

A.+B.

2+

A+ClA

B

B

2+

A.K+B.

+K+ClAl3+

+=10

4+2+AB

+=10

A

A

BAl3+B

+=10

+4+

+2++2+

AA二、非選擇題（本題包括

小題．共

分）

______

______

______

______pH=3

pH=5

______pH=8

______

pH=ab

pH=a+bpH=ab

a+bd

d

pH=3

pH=5+= pH=8

=

pH=a

b

pH=a+b

pH=2

pH=5pH=a

b

a+bpH=2

d

pH=9

d

pH=3

pH=5+=

+ =pH=8

==

+=2×10+

______

______

______

______

VV

______

=

______

______

b

d

=

V

=

V =bV =

b

V

=

dV

=

d

ab.

ab

A

A++A

2+aqaq

K

______

2+

______

______

______

2+

K

2+aqaqeq

\o\ac(△,）) A

A

A++

+H+ AA

n2+2+A+H+A

n2+2+

2+aq2+aq2+aq2+aqA+H+A

n2+2+2+aq2+aq

+

______

______

K=1×pH=9

pH=4

pH=7

______

pH=a

pH=b，且

a+b=14

______

+=cCl

______

Kb=

______

pH=7A

B

a+b=14

+=cCln=

+=c=10

+