高考沖刺英語(yǔ)閱讀理解課堂練（19）答案解析

2020高考英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解課堂練（19）PassageThirty--Seven(TheSecondWaveofFeminism)

ThestatisticsI’vecitedandthelivingexamplesarealltoofamiliartoyou.Butwhatmaynotbesofamiliarwillbetheincreasingnumberofwomenwhoarelookingactivelyforadvancementofforanewjobinyouroffices.Thiswomanmaybeequippedwithprofessionalskillsandperhapsvaluableexperience,shewillnotbecontenttobeExecutiveAssistanttoMr.SeldomSeenoftheAssistantVicePresident’sGirlFriday,whoistheonlyonewhocomesinonSaturday.

SheisthesymbolofwhatIcalltheSecondWaveofFeminism.Sheisthemodernwomanwhoisdeterminedtobe.

Herforerunnerwastheradicalfeministwhointerpretedhertrappedpositionasafemaleasoppressionbythemasterclassofmen.Men,shebelieved,hadcreatedadomestic,servileroleforwomeninorderthatmencouldhavethecareerandtheopportunitytoparticipateinmakingthegreatdecisionsofsociety.Thustheradicalfeministheldthatwomenthroughhistoryhadbeenoppressedanddehumanized,mainlybecausemanchosetoexploithiswifeandthemotherofhischildren.Sometimesitwasdeliberateexploitationandsometimesitwastheinnocenceofneverlookingbeneaththepretensionsoflife.

Theradicalfeministsfoundstrengthinbandingtogether.Comingtorecognizeeachotherforthefirsttime,theycouldexploretheirownidentities,realizetheirownpower,andviewthemaleandhissystemasthecommonenemy.Thefirstphasesoffeminisminthelastfiveyearsoftentookonthismilitant,class-warfaretone.BettyFriedan,GloriaSteinem,GermaineGreer,andmanyothershammeredhometheirideaswithapersistencethatarousedandintriguedmanyofthebrightestandmostablewomeninthecountry.Consciousness-raisinggroupsallowedwomentoexploreboththeiridentitiesandtheirdreams—andthetwowereoftenfoundindirectconflict.WhatisthestereotypedroleofAmericanwomen?Marriage,ason,twodaughters,breakfast,ironing,lunch,bowling,maybeagardencluboffortheverydaring,non-creditcoursesinceramics.Perhapsanoccasionalcocktailparty.Dinner.FootballorbaseballonTV.Eachdaythesame.Neveranygrowthinexpectations—unlessitisgrowthbecausethehusbandhassucceeded.Theinevitablequestion:“Isthatallthereistolife?”Therapidgrowthofmanyfeministorganizationsatteststothefactthattheseradicalfeministshadtouchedsomevitalnerves.Themagazine“Ms.”wasbornintheyearofthedeathofthemagazine“Life.”Buttoooftentheconsciousness-raisingsessionsbecameendsinthemselves.Toooftensexismreverseditselfandman-hatingwasencouraged.Manyhadbeenwiththemalechauvinist.Itisnotdifficult,therefore,todetectatrendtowardmoderation.Consciousness-raisingincreasinglyisregardedasameanstoindependenceandfulfillment,ratherthanaceremonyoffulfillmentitself.Genuineindependencecanberealizedthroughcompetence,throughfindingacareer,throughtheuseofeducation.Rememberthatformanydecadestheeducationofwomenwasnotsupposedtobeuseful.1.Whatwasthemainideaofthispassage?A.TheSecondWaveofFeminist.

B.Women’sIndependentSpirits.C.TheUnityofWomen.

D.TheActionofUnion.2.Whatwastheauthor’sattitudetowardtheradical?A.Hesupporteditwholeheartedly.

B.Heopposeditstrongly.C.Hedisapprovedtosomeextent.

D.Heignoreditcompletely.3.Whatdoestheword“militant”mean?A.Aggressive.

B.Ambitions.

C.Progressive.

D.Independent.4.Whatwastheradicalfeminist’sviewpointaboutthemale?A.Womenwereexploitedbythemale.B.Womenwereindependentofthemale.C.Women’slivesweredeprivedbythemale.D.Themaleweretheircommonenemy.Vocabulary1.

trapped

被誘入圈套的，陷阱2.

servile

屈從的，奴隸的，奴性的3.

dehumanized

使失去人/個(gè)性的4.

pretension

要求，權(quán)利，借口5.

lookbeneath

看到下面6.

bandtogether

緊密團(tuán)結(jié)在一起7.

explore

探索，考察8.

phase

階段，方面，形式9.

class-warfare

階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)10.

hammerhome

硬性灌輸

hammerhomeanideaintosb.

硬向某人灌輸某種觀念11.

intrigue

使著迷，密謀，用詭計(jì)取得12.

stereotype

固定不變的，陳規(guī)舊習(xí)的13.

attest

證明，證實(shí)，表明14.

chauvinist

沙文主義者，男子至上主義這15.

moderation

（政治，宗教上）穩(wěn)健中庸，緩和16.

fulfillment

臻于完善，發(fā)揮潛在能力17.

sexism

性別歧視（常指其實(shí)婦女）18.

beindependentof

獨(dú)立于……之外，不受……控制/支配難句譯注1.ShewillnotbecontenttobeExecutiveAssistanttoMr.SeldomSeenoftheAssistantVicePresident’sGirlFriday,whoistheonlyonewhocomesinonSaturday.這是作者杜撰的名字，含有諷刺內(nèi)涵。Mr.SeldomSeen很少見到的先生。說明公司很難見到他。那么做他的助手就是她替他干一切活。星期五姑娘。星期五是《魯濱遜漂流記》中的一個(gè)人物，是魯濱遜的仆人。這位星期六休假日來上班的姑娘，當(dāng)然得干主人的一切活。[參考譯文]

她不會(huì)滿意做“很少見”先生的助手，也不愿做助理副主席的星期五姑娘，那位姑娘是唯一的一個(gè)星期六來上班的人。2.Men,shebelieved,hadcreatedadomestic,servileroleforwomeninorderthatmencouldhavethecareerandtheopportunitytoparticipateinmakingthegreatdecisionsofsociety.[結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析]

shebelieved形式上插入語(yǔ)，實(shí)際Men句是它的賓語(yǔ)從句。Inorderthat義：為的是。目的狀語(yǔ)。[參考譯文]

她認(rèn)為男人為婦女創(chuàng)制了一個(gè)持家操勞的奴隸角色，為的是男人可以獲得事業(yè)和機(jī)遇參與決定重大的社會(huì)抉擇。3.Thustheradicalfeministheldthatwomenthroughhistoryhadbeenoppressedanddehumanized,mainlybecausemanchosetoexploithiswifeandthemotherofhischildren.Sometimesitwasdeliberateexploitationandsometimesitwastheinnocenceofneverlookingbeneaththepretensionsoflife.[結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析]

兩句句子。前一句的賓語(yǔ)為主從句，后為并列句。[參考譯文]

于是，激進(jìn)女權(quán)主義者認(rèn)為綜觀歷史，婦女一直是被壓迫被奴役，被非人化，主要原因就是因?yàn)槟腥司褪窍雱兿魉钠拮?、孩子們的母親。有時(shí)是有意的剝削；有時(shí)是由于沒有透過生活的假象看到問題的實(shí)質(zhì)，是無知所致。4.BettyFriedan,GloriaSteinem,GermaineGreer,andmanyothershammeredhometheirideaswithapersistencethatarousedandintriguedmanyofthebrightestandmostablewomeninthecountry.[參考譯文]

BettyFriedan，GloriaSteinem，GermaineGreer，以及其他許多激進(jìn)女權(quán)主義者堅(jiān)持不懈的強(qiáng)行灌輸（推行）他們的思想，幻想并吸引了國(guó)內(nèi)無數(shù)最聰容，最能干的婦女。寫作方法與文章大意文章論述“爭(zhēng)取女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的婦女”，也可以說是女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的第二次浪潮。作者從歷史上的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)激進(jìn)分子觀點(diǎn)談起：婦女為男人所奴役，剝削。因?yàn)槟械南氇?dú)攬決策社會(huì)的大權(quán)，到女子覺醒，認(rèn)識(shí)自己和自己的力量，把男人視作她們共同的敵人。最后是目前向緩沖發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)，也是作者觀點(diǎn)。答案詳解1.A.第二次女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的浪潮。在第一段，一般性描述之后（見難句譯注1），作者畫龍點(diǎn)睛的指明“她就是我所指的第二次女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)浪潮的象征。她是決心要成為的現(xiàn)代婦女的代表?！币院蟮奈恼戮褪菄@女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)而寫的。見文章大意。B.婦女的獨(dú)立精神。這只是女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)中部分內(nèi)容。C.婦女團(tuán)結(jié)。第三段一開始就提到“激進(jìn)女權(quán)主義者發(fā)現(xiàn)了緊密團(tuán)結(jié)在一起的力量?！币彩桥畽?quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)的部分內(nèi)容。D.團(tuán)結(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)。2.C.有點(diǎn)不贊成。這在最后兩段表現(xiàn)的最為明顯：“許多女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)組織迅速發(fā)展證明這些激進(jìn)爭(zhēng)取女權(quán)的人觸到了某些活躍的神經(jīng)。（非?；钴S）。Ms雜志就在《生活》?？悄暾Q生?？墒菃酒鹩X醒的會(huì)議常常成為這些活動(dòng)的目的。性別歧視（歧視婦女）也常常顛倒過來并且提倡憎恨男人。許多人曾是男權(quán)至上主義者?！薄耙虼?，察覺向平和中的趨向發(fā)展并不難。提高覺悟的做法越來越被認(rèn)為是獨(dú)立與成就的方式，而不是慶賀成就本身的儀式。真正的獨(dú)立是能夠通過能力，通過尋找一份事業(yè)，通過應(yīng)用教育加以實(shí)現(xiàn)。要記住，幾十年來，婦女教育被認(rèn)為是無用的。”如果是倒數(shù)第二段是作者對(duì)激進(jìn)分子有點(diǎn)批評(píng)，不滿的態(tài)度的表現(xiàn)，那么最后一段就是作者的觀點(diǎn)：獨(dú)立是靠塌實(shí)工作，提高婦女自身的能力來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。A.他全心全意的擁護(hù)。

B.他強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。不完全如此。

D.他完全忽視不顧。3.A.好斗的。（斗爭(zhēng)性強(qiáng)的）。第三段第三句：“在最近5年中女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)首要方面常常具有這種好斗的階級(jí)斗爭(zhēng)調(diào)子。”B.野心的。

C.進(jìn)步的。

D.獨(dú)立的。4.D.男人是她們共同的敵人。第三段：“激進(jìn)女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)分子在緊密團(tuán)結(jié)中找到了力量。第一次她們認(rèn)識(shí)了自己，她們可以探索自我，意識(shí)到她們的力量，把男人及其制度視為她們共同的敵人。”A.婦女為男人們所剝削。這在第三段中講到，見難句譯注3。這是婦女觀點(diǎn)中具體內(nèi)容之一。也是為什么說男人及制度是她們共同敵人的原因之一。

B.婦女不受男人支配。

C.男人剝奪了女人生活。PassageThirty--Eight(TheResultoftheFallingUSDollar)

Likeatickingtimebomb,thefallingdollarhasgrabbedtheattentionofJapanandWestGermany,forcingthemtoconsideradoptingeconomicpolicestheUnitedStatesadvocates.TernmentwantsthedollartofallbecauseasthedollardeclinesinvalueagainsttheyenandDeutschemark,.paniesthensellmoreathomeandabroad,and.tradedeficitdeclines.Criesfortradeprotectionabate,andtheglobalfree-tradesystemispreserved.

Then,thecheaperdollarmakesitcheaperformanyforeigninvestorstosnapup.stocks.Thatpromptsheavybuyingfromabroad—especiallyfromJapan.Also,ifthetradepictureisimproving,panieseventuallywillbemorecompetitive.Consequently,paniesinanticipationofbetterprofitsinthenextyearorso.Butthatisaratherfaddishnotionrightnow;ifcorporateearningsaredisappointingininterestrates,thestockmarketrallycouldstall.

Ipetitivenessmeansadeclineinanother’scompetitiveness.

JapanandWestGermanyarevergingonrecession.Theirexport-orientedeconomiesarefacingmajorproblems.JapanisworriedaboutthedamagethestrongyenwilldotoJapanesetrade.WestGermanyisalsoworried.SharepricesinFrankfurtplummetedthispastweek.Bonnisthoughttobeconsideringacutininterestratestoboostitseconomy.

Couldthefallingdollargetoutofhand?Ifthedollarfallstoofar,investorsmightloseconfidencein.investments—especiallythegovernmentbondmarket.Themoneytofinance

thefederalbudgetandtradedeficitscouldmigrateelsewhere.Inflationcouldflareup,too,sinceJapaneseandGermanmanufacturerswilleventuallypassalongpricehikes—paniesmightfollowsuittoincreasetheirprofitmargins.The.federalReservethenmightneedtostepinandstabilizethedollarbyraisinginterestrates.Andhigherinterestratescouldcausethe.economytoslowdownandendtheWallStreetRally.Worriedaboutthesesideeffects,FederalReservechairmanPaulVolcherhassaidthedollarhasfallenfarenough.Whatistheequilibriumlevel?Probablynearwhereitisorslightlylower.Italldependsonwhenthe.tradedeficitturnsaroundorifinvestorsdefectfrom.TreasuryBonds.“Itrequiresagooddealofpoliticalpatienceonthepartofthe.Congress,”saysDr.Cline,“Andtheremustbeanexpectationofpatienceonthepartofprivateinvestors.Thechancearerelativelygoodthatwewillavoidaninvestorbreakorpanic.”1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Theimpressionofthefalling.dollar.B.Theresultofthe.fallingdollar.C.Thesideeffectof.fallingdollar.D.JapanandWestGermanyareworriedabout.fallingdollar.2.Whatdoestheword“rally”mean?A.prosperity.

B.decline.

C.richness.

D.import.3.WhyareJapanandWestGermanyworriedaboutthefallingdollar?A.Becausethefallingdollarmaycauseinflationintheircountries.B.Becauseitmayforcethemtosellalotof,stocks.C.Becauseitmaydodamagetotheirtrade.D.BecauseitmaymakeJapanesecompanylesscompetitive.4.If

dollar-fallinggotoutofhand,andthe.FederalReservemightstepin,whatwouldhappen?A.Theprosperityofthe.economywoulddisappear.B.The.economymightfaceseriousproblems.C.Investorsmightloseconfidencein.investments.couldflareup.Vocabulary1.

ticking

滴答作響的2.

grab

抓住3.

abate

減弱4.

snapup

爭(zhēng)購(gòu)，搶購(gòu)5.

heavybuying

大量買進(jìn)6.

export-oriented

以出口為方向的7.

inanticipationof

期待，預(yù)期8.

faddish

一時(shí)流行的9.

spree

無節(jié)制的瘋狂行為10.

buyingspree

狂購(gòu)亂買11.

plummet

垂直落下，驟然跌落，暴跌12.

stall

停滯13.

verge

處于……邊緣14.

vergingonrecession

正處于衰退的邊緣15.

boost

振興，吹捧16.

bondmarket

債券市場(chǎng)17.

flareup

突然閃耀，發(fā)火，爆發(fā)18.

hike

提高，增加19.

followsuit

照著做，跟出同花色的牌20.

profitmargin

利潤(rùn)幅度21.

stepin

介入22.

rally

繁榮23.

equilibrium

平衡，均勢(shì)24.

defect

逃跑，開小差25.

breakorpanic

崩潰或大恐慌

難句譯注1.

criesfortradeprotection

貿(mào)易保護(hù)的呼聲2.

theglobalfr