高考沖刺英語(yǔ)閱讀理解課堂練答案解析11

2020高考英語(yǔ)：閱讀理解課堂練（8）PassageFifteen(ContributionofCoeducation)Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofownsex.Howwouldyoureact?Unlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn’tbetoohappyaboutit,tosaytheleast.Itisallthemoresurprisingthereforethatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimposesuchabnormalconditionsontheirchildren–conditionswhichtheythemselveswouldn’tputupwithforoneminute!Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsofeducation.Stuffingchildren’sheadsfullofknowledgeisfarfrombeingforemostamongthem.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationsistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequiretotaketheirplaceinadultsociety.Nowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomen,sohowcanasegregatedschoolpossiblyoffertherightsortofpreparationforit?Anyoneenteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.Aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.Boysandgirlsaregiventheopportunitytogettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwheretheycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicability,athleticachievementandmanyoftheextra-curricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapracticaladvantageitis(togivejustasmallexample)tobeabletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsenseco-educationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlorvice-versa.Whensegregated,boysandgirlsaremadetofeelthattheyarearaceapart.Rivalrybetweenthesexesisfostered.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoitsproperplace.Butperhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-educationisthehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon’tgrowupbelievingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures–airygoddesses,morelikebook-illustrationstoafairy-tale,thanhumanbeings.Girlsdon’tgrowupimaginingthatmenareromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldispelillusionsofthiskind.Therearenogoddesseswithfreckles,pigtails,piercingvoicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswithknobblyknees,dirtyfingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbeovercomeinaco-educationalenvironment.Segregatedschoolssometimesprovidetherightconditionsforsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleunderaco-educationalsystem.Whenthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedtoentersocietyaswell-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenandwomen.1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.onlyco-educationcanbeinharmonywithsociety.B.peopleareingreatneedofco-education.C.anyformofeducationotherthanco-educationissimplyunthinkable.D.co-educationhasmanyfeatures.2.Whatdoesco-educationoffertochildren?A.Asociety.B.Atruesmallmodelofsociety.C.Areallife.D.Trueversionofsocialcondition.3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthechiefaimsofeducation?A.Itisforstudentstoacquireknowledge.B.Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithscientifictechnology.C.Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithwhatisrequiredingettingapositioninsociety.D.Itisforstudentstogetacademicachievements.4.Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionabouteachother?A.Theylivetogetherandknoweachothertoowell.B.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldismisssuchillusion.C.co-educationencouragethemtohaveanhealthyattitudetowardlife.D.Theyarefamiliarwitheachother’sproblems.Vocabularybeinfor=receive

接受

Heisinforpunishment.

他受到懲罰。

縮樣，雛形，微型畫(huà)

雀斑

鞭子=knobby

多節(jié)的

亂七八糟，蓬亂的focus=clearview

bringintofocus

使集中在焦點(diǎn)上，對(duì)光

bringintosharpfocus

這里的意義是：一目了然，明顯突出

越軌，偏離，入歧途難句譯注themore越發(fā)，格外2.aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.【參考譯文】男女合校至少給孩子提供了一個(gè)社會(huì)真正縮影。3.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthephysicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.【參考譯文】棘手的青春期把成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)的某些身體上合感情上的問(wèn)題清晰地?cái)[出來(lái)。寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意文章論及“男女合校制的優(yōu)越性和男女分校制的缺陷?！辈捎靡蚬?、對(duì)比寫(xiě)法。首先假設(shè)單一性別社會(huì)，人所不能容忍，那單一性別的學(xué)校培養(yǎng)的人又怎能適應(yīng)社會(huì)。因?yàn)樯鐣?huì)是男女組成的。然后分別對(duì)比合校和分校的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。比較合校的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，分校的缺點(diǎn)，最后得出結(jié)論：之后合校的學(xué)生，在離校進(jìn)入社會(huì)，已做好一切準(zhǔn)備，而不會(huì)感到震驚，因?yàn)樗麄円延泻脦啄甑慕?jīng)驗(yàn)，會(huì)處理面臨男女的許多問(wèn)題。答案詳解除了男女合校，其他形式的教育簡(jiǎn)直難以想象。答案見(jiàn)第一段“設(shè)想請(qǐng)你在一個(gè)只有你一樣性別的人存在的社會(huì)生活12年光景，你會(huì)如何反應(yīng)呢？除非你本人確實(shí)有毛病，否則，你至少不會(huì)太高興。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把這種不正常的環(huán)境（他們自己一分鐘都受不了的環(huán)境）強(qiáng)加給他們的孩子們，這太令人驚訝！”第二段講“教育的目的之一就是為未來(lái)的公民在成人社會(huì)中找一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好需要的一切。而社會(huì)由男女組成，那分校又怎能準(zhǔn)備？”后兩段講合校之優(yōu)點(diǎn)，分校之缺點(diǎn)，具體對(duì)比突出主題。這都說(shuō)明C最合適。A.只有合校才能和社會(huì)相協(xié)調(diào)。D.合校有許多特點(diǎn)。這兩項(xiàng)文章內(nèi)容涉及到，但作為最佳標(biāo)題則不確切。B.人們非常需要合校。文內(nèi)沒(méi)有直接談到。一個(gè)真實(shí)社會(huì)的縮影。這在第三段第一句“男女合校確實(shí)能給孩子們提供一個(gè)社會(huì)真實(shí)的縮影?！毕旅娴膬?nèi)容都是圍繞這個(gè)主題而寫(xiě)的具體情況。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，對(duì)比等。A.社會(huì)。C.一種真實(shí)的生活。D.真實(shí)的社會(huì)情況。都沒(méi)有B項(xiàng)那樣確切。為未來(lái)公民在社會(huì)上擁有一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需要的一切。這在第二段“這個(gè)話(huà)題的討論必然會(huì)引出教育目的的問(wèn)題。把各種知識(shí)塞進(jìn)孩子頭腦遠(yuǎn)不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是為未來(lái)公民在成人社會(huì)求得一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需一切?！盇.學(xué)生學(xué)到只是。B.以科技武裝未來(lái)公民。C.為學(xué)生缺德學(xué)術(shù)成就。都只是知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)部分。幾年學(xué)校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中,“在學(xué)校中，幾年生活在一起消除這一類(lèi)的幻想。沒(méi)有什么臉上有雀斑，梳著鞭子，涂著指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也沒(méi)有膝部有疙瘩，指甲臟兮兮，頭發(fā)亂蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明顯呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中身體上和感情上的問(wèn)題，在男女合校環(huán)境中得到很好的解決?！盇.他們生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太過(guò)，不是太了解而不產(chǎn)生幻想，而是了解情況；真人就在眼前，人就實(shí)際了，消除了幻想。C.合校鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)生活有一種健康積極的態(tài)度。這是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。D.他們熟悉彼此的問(wèn)題。不全是消除幻想之因，而是處理問(wèn)題的前奏。這在最后一段最后兩句話(huà)有說(shuō)明“當(dāng)學(xué)生離校的時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)，他們已是很有適應(yīng)性的成人，為進(jìn)入社會(huì)做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。他們已有幾年處理面臨男女的許多問(wèn)題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。”

這是一篇論及“博士生輟學(xué)”的文章。采用對(duì)比和因果手法。文章一開(kāi)始就提出教育工作者嚴(yán)重關(guān)注博士生輟學(xué)達(dá)50％的問(wèn)題。而調(diào)查報(bào)告證明，只有31％。輟學(xué)造成不良后果，有人建議中途退學(xué)者回爐再念博士學(xué)位學(xué)業(yè)。研究表明不行。列出理由并加以分析。PassageSixteen(Mules)Althoughthetopmeninsmugglingbusinessmustworktogether,mostofasyndicate’ssmallfry,especiallythemules,knowonlytheirimmediatecontacts.Ifcaughtthereislittletheycangiveaway.Amuleprobablywillnotevenknowthenameofthepersonwhogiveshimhisinstructions,norhowtogetintouchwithhim.Usuallyheevendoesnotknowthepersontowhomhehastomakedelivery.Hewillbetoldjusttosittightinacertainhotelorbaruntilsomeonecontactshim.Inthiswayifheisblown,comingthroughairportcustomshecannotunwittinglyleadagentstothenextlinkinthechain.Allthepersonsatthereceivingenddoistohangaroundtheairportamongthewaitingcrowd,andseethatthemulecomesthroughsafely.Ifhedoesnot,heisdimplywrittenoffasaloss.Tomakeidentificationofmuleseasier,severalsyndicateshavedevisedtheirown“clubties”sothatamulewearingonecanimmediatelybepickedout.Mulesoftenreceivecarefultrainingbeforeembarkingontheirfirstjourney.OneBeirutorganization,forexample,usesaroomwiththreeairlineseatsinit.Therethetraineemulessitforhoursonendwearingweightedsmugglingvestsbeneaththeirclothes,sothattheybecomeaccustomedtostandingupafteralongflightinanaturalway,andwithoutrevealingwhattheyarecarrying.AnoutfitinBrusselsmaintainedacomfortableapartmentwherethemulescouldrelaxandgetafirmgriponthemselvesonthenightbeforetheirfirstjourney;theywerehelpedtodressbeforesettingoutfortheairportinthemorning.Moreoftenthannotacourierwillnotknowpreciselywhereheisgoingorwhatflightnumberisuntilheisactuallyhandedhisticketsattheairport.Thispreventsthecarelessboastinsomebarortoagirlfriendthenightbefore.Mulesoccasionallyrunoffwiththegoodstokeeptheprofitthemselves.Asinsuranceagainstthis,asyndicateoftensendsahigh-uponthesameplanetokeepawaryeyeoncouriers,particularlynewones.Eventhenthingscangobadlywrong.OneinternationalcurrencysmugglerwhowashavingtroublegettingmoneyoutofBritainwasofferedhelpbyagroupofmenwhosaidtheywereinapositionto“fixthing”–forafeeofcourse.Foolishly,thesmuggleragreedtoaccepttheirhelp.WhenhegottoLondon’sHeathrowAirport,hehandedovertooneofthemenablacksuitcasecontainingnearly$90,000incash,destinedforFrankfurt.Justtokeepaneyeonthings,thesmugglerwentalongonthesameplane.WhentheylandedatFrankfurthewashandedbackhissuitcase.Hebeatastraightpathtothemen’stoilet,openedthecase,andfoundonlyoldclothes.Thecourierhadswitchedsuitcaseenroute,butthesmugglercouldhardlyruntothepoliceandcomplainthat“themanwhowassmugglingmoneyoutofEnglandformehasstolenit.”1.Whatisa“mule”?A.Apersonwhosendssmugglinggoodsforasyndicateiscalledmule.Apersoninchargeofsmugglinggoodsiscalledmule.C.Apersonwhomakesdeliveryforasyndicateiscalledmule.D.Apersonwhoreceivesinstructionsfromasmuggleriscalledmule.2.Thesentence“ifheisblown”inline(6)isclosestinmeaningto______.A.ifheisarrested.B.ifheisrecognized,butnotnecessarilyarrested.C.ifheisrecognizedandarrested.D.ifherunsaway.3.Whydoestheauthorgiveanexampleinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowhowasmuggleriscaught.B.Toshowasmugglerisafraidofthepolice.C.Toshowtokeepawaryeyeoncouriersisuseless.D.Toshowmulesmaykeeptheprofitforthemselves.4.Howdoesamulework?A.Jointly.B.Independently.C.consciously.D.Separately.Vocabulary

小魚(yú)群，小生物群。這里的smallfry是指辛迪加之子公司，

小走私集團(tuán)或走私者tight

穩(wěn)坐不動(dòng)，堅(jiān)持下去，這里指一直坐等著，

等到有人來(lái)和他聯(lián)系。

欠賬的，被炸毀的。這里指走私分子“出事”off

銷(xiāo)賬，被勾銷(xiāo)的項(xiàng)目。這里指把出事的騾子從名單上勾掉。offasaloss作為損失銷(xiāo)賬。(on)

開(kāi)始搞，從事，上船。

緊握up

高處，這里指高一級(jí)走私人thing

這里指“擺平事情”，解決問(wèn)題

踏上

轉(zhuǎn)變，調(diào)換難句譯注1.Inthiswayifheisblown,comingthroughairportcustomshecannotunwittinglyleadagentstothenextlinkinthechain.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】條件句【參考譯文】這樣，一旦在他通過(guò)機(jī)場(chǎng)檢查處時(shí)出事，他不可能愚蠢地把檢查事務(wù)官引到鎖鏈的下一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。2.Therethetraineemulessitforhoursonendwearingweightedsmugglingvestsbeneaththeirclothes,sothattheybecomeaccustomedtostandingupafteralongflightinanaturalway,andwithoutrevealingwhattheyarecarrying.【結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析】主從句。主句中分詞斷語(yǔ)wearing修飾trainee。從句中and連接兩組介詞短語(yǔ)，后有一賓語(yǔ)從句whattheyarecarrying。這實(shí)際上是with(without)+v-ing+object基本句型?！緟⒖甲g文】在那里，走私者衣服下穿著裝有東西的厚厚的走私背心，連續(xù)幾個(gè)小時(shí)坐著，所以他