【課件】2021高考英語(yǔ)新冠病毒相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

2021高考英語(yǔ)新冠病毒相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)"Wenowhaveanameforthediseaseandit'sCOVID-19,"WHOchiefTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesustoldreportersinGeneva."Wehadtofindanamethatdidnotrefertoageographicallocation,ananimal,anindividualorgroupofpeople,andwhichisalsopronounceableandrelatedtothedisease,"theWHOchiefsaid."Havinganamematterstopreventtheuseofothernamesthatcanbeinaccurateorstigmatizing.Italsogivesusastandardformattouseforanyfuturecoronavirusoutbreaks."Astandardname：covid-19在日內(nèi)瓦，世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事譚德塞對(duì)記者表示：“我們將這個(gè)疾病命名為COVID-19?！边@個(gè)名字COVID-19來(lái)源于corona（冠狀）、virus（病毒）以及disease（疾病）三個(gè)詞，而19則代表這個(gè)疾病出現(xiàn)的年份2019年。新冠肺炎疫情是在2019年12月31日上報(bào)至世界衛(wèi)生組織的。我們要取的名字不能指向某個(gè)地理位置、某個(gè)動(dòng)物、某個(gè)人或群體，同時(shí)這個(gè)名字要易讀，且與該疾病相關(guān)。novelcoronavirusnovelad.新型的anovelfeature（新特性）coronavirus/k??ron?va?r?s/冠狀病毒corona冠狀物，日冕，光圈virus病毒Beforethisoutbreak,sixcoronaviruseshadbeenidentifiedinhumans.Fourcausedrelativelymildcold-likesymptomswhiletheothertwo,SarsandMiddleEastrespiratorysyndrome(Mers),canbefatal.此次疫情爆發(fā)之前，已知的人類冠狀病毒有6種。四種引起相對(duì)輕度的類似感冒癥狀，而另外兩種——非典和中東呼吸綜合征(MERS)——可能致命。Relatedwordsfatal/?fe?tl/：a.致命的；毀滅性的；災(zāi)難性的infectiousdisease/?n?fek??sd??zi?z/：傳染病infectious/?n?fek??s/：a.傳染的infectv.傳染；感染infection/?n?fek?n/：n.傳染pneumonia/nu?mo?n??/n.肺炎

pneumon肺get/catchpneumonia得肺炎virusoutbreak病毒爆發(fā)geographicallocations地理位置people'snames人名thenameofananimalorakindoffood動(dòng)物或食物的名字referencestoaparticularcultureorindustry指向特定文化或行業(yè)WorldHealthOrganization世界衛(wèi)生組織InternationalCommitteeonTaxonomyofViruses國(guó)際病毒分類委員會(huì)humaninfectiousdisease人類傳染病nucleicacidtest核酸檢測(cè)respiratorydiseases呼吸道疾病avianinfluenzavirus禽流感病毒closecontacts密切接觸者incubationperiod潛伏期suspectedcase疑似病例confirmedcase確診病例undermedicalobservation接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察epidemiologicalinvestigation流行病學(xué)調(diào)查containtheoutbreak遏制疫情爆發(fā)strictisolationpolicy嚴(yán)格隔離政策carryingthevirus攜帶病毒superspreader超級(jí)傳染源reimbursementformedicalexpenses醫(yī)療費(fèi)用報(bào)銷tightsuppliesinlargeareasofChina中國(guó)大部分地區(qū)口罩供應(yīng)緊張human-to-humantransmission人傳人infectionofmedicalworker醫(yī)務(wù)人員感染theairbycoughingandsneezing經(jīng)由空氣傳播，比如咳嗽、打噴嚏closepersonalcontact,suchastouchingorshakinghands通過人與人之間的近距離接觸傳播，比如觸摸或者握手touchinganobjectorsurfacewiththevirusonit,thentouchingyourmouth,nose,oreyesbeforewashingyourhands通過觸摸物品或感染病毒的用品表面?zhèn)鞑?，原因在于沒洗手就觸摸嘴、鼻和眼睛rarely,fecalcontamination還有一種比較少見的，就是通過糞便傳染Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcohol-basedhandrub.用肥皂或者用含酒精的洗手液洗手。Covernoseandmouthwhencoughingandsneezingwithtissueorflexedelbow.咳嗽或打噴嚏時(shí)，用面巾紙或屈肘捂住口鼻。Avoidclosecontactwithanyonewithcoldorflu-likesymptoms.避免跟有感冒或流感癥狀的人密切接觸。Thoroughlycookmeatandeggs.將肉類和雞蛋徹底煮熟。Avoidunprotectedcontactwithlivewildorfarmanimals.避免在未加防護(hù)的情況下接觸野生動(dòng)物或家畜。Intwopatients,avirusbelongingtothefamilyCoronaviridaewasisolated.在二名患者中，分離出冠狀病毒家族的一員。Besides,thiscoronavirusisanewkindofviruswhichbelongstoamutatedstrainandourbodycannotrecognizeit.除此以外，冠狀病毒是一種新型的變異病毒，它不能被我們的身體識(shí)別。Chinasituation

Chinesereports36newCOVID-19infectionsonWednesday,with35beingimportedcases,withcumulativeinfectionsof8,2722andcumulativerecoveredpatientsof7,6451.CDC-CenersfortheDiseaseContolandPretectionn,isrespondingtoanoutbreakofrespiratoryillnesscausedbyanovel(new)coronavirus.TheoutbreakfirststartedinWuhan,China,butcaseshavebeenidentifiedinagrowingnumberofotherlocationsinternationally,includingtheUnitedStates.InadditiontoCDC,manypublichealthlaboratoriesarenowtestingforthevirusthatcausesCOVID-19.TotalcasesbyApril2:213,372USsituationJurisdictionsreportingcases:55(50states,DistrictofColumbia,PuertoRico,Guam,theNorthernMarianaIslands,andtheU.S.VirginIslands)DataincludebothconfirmedandpresumptivepositivecasesofCOVID-19reportedtoCDCortestedatCDCsinceJanuary21,2020,withtheexceptionoftestingresultsforpersonsrepatriatedtotheUnitedStatesfromWuhan,ChinaandJapan.Stateandlocalpublichealthdepartmentsarenowtestingandpubliclyreportingtheircases.IntheeventofadiscrepancybetweenCDCcasesandcasesreportedbystateandlocalpublichealthofficials,datareportedbystatesshouldbeconsideredthemostuptodate.Italiasituation

OnJanuary31,whentheItaliangovernmentannouncedthesuspensionofalldirectflightstoandfromChinaamidtheoutbreakofCOVID-19,Italyhadonlytwocasesofcoronavirus.Today,twomonthsafterthesuspensionofdirectflightswithChina,COVID-19caseshavesurgeddramatically,reachinguptomorethan110,574casesasofApril2,whilethetotleoftheglobehasreachedover93thousand.

Virusesknownonationalboundariesorraces,andonlybyworkingtogethercanmankindwinthebattleagainstthem.AllnationsshouldbecalledontopushforwardcooperationwithintheframeworksoftheUnitedNationsandtheGroupof20,enhancethesharingofinformationandexperience,boostcollaborationinscientificresearch,supporttheWHOinplayingitsduerole,andimproveglobalhealthgovernance.HowitSpreadsThereiscurrentlynovaccinetopreventcoronavirusdisease2019(COVID-19).Thebestwaytopreventillnessistoavoidbeingexposedtothisvirus.Thevirusisthoughttospreadmainlyfromperson-to-person.Betweenpeoplewhoareinclosecontactwithoneanother(withinabout6feet).Throughrespiratorydropletsproducedwhenaninfectedpersoncoughsorsneezes.Thesedropletscanlandinthemouthsornosesofpeoplewhoarenearbyorpossiblybeinhaledintothelungs.IfyouthinkyouhavebeenexposedtoCOVID-19anddevelopafeverandsymptoms,suchascoughordifficultybreathing,callyourhealthcareproviderformedicaladvice.WhattodoifsymptemsappearHowtocleananddisinfectWeardisposableglovestocleananddisinfect.Cleansurfacesusingsoapandwater.Practiceroutinecleaningoffrequentlytouchedsurfaces.Cleantheareaoritemwithsoapandwateroranotherdetergentifitisdirty.Then,useahouseholddisinfectant.

RecommenduseofEPA-registeredhouseholddisinfectantexternalicon.Followtheinstructionsonthelabeltoensuresafeandeffectiveuseoftheproduct.

Keepingsurfacewetforaperiodoftime

Precautionssuchaswearingglovesandmakingsureyouhavegoodventilationduringuseoftheproduct.

Dilutedhouseholdbleachsolutionsmayalsobeusedifappropriateforthesurface.Checktoensuretheproductisnotpastitsexpirationdate.Unexpiredhouseholdbleachwillbeeffectiveagainstcoronaviruseswhenproperlydiluted.Followmanufacturer'sinstructionsforapplicationandproperventilation.Nevermixhouseholdbleachwithammoniaoranyothercleanser.Leavesolutiononthesurfaceforatleast1minute.

Tomakeableachsolution,mix:5tablespoons(1/3rdcup)bleachpergallonofwaterOR4teaspoonsbleachperquartofwater

Alcoholsolutionswithatleast70%alcohol.Softsurfaces

Forsoftsurfacessuchascarpetedfloor,rugs,anddrapes

Cleanthesurfaceusingsoapandwaterorwithcleanersappropriateforuseonthesesurfaces.

Launderitems(ifpossible)accordingtothemanufacturer'sinstructions.Usethewarmestappropriatewatersettinganddryitemscompletely.ORDisinfectwithanEPA-registeredhouseholddisinfectant.ThesedisinfectantsexternaliconmeetEPA'scriteriaforuseagainstCOVID-19.

Forelectronics,suchastablets,touchscreens,keyboards,andremotecontrols.

Considerputtingawipeablecoveronelectronics

Followmanufacturer'sinstructionforcleaninganddisinfecting

Ifnoguidance,usealcohol-basedwipesorsprayscontainingatleast70%alcohol.Drysurfacethoroughly.

Forclothing,towels,linensandotheritems

Weardisposablegloves.

Washhandswithsoapandwaterassoonasyouremovethegloves.

Donotshakedirtylaundry.

Launderitemsaccordingtothemanufacturer'sinstructions.Usethewarmestappropriatewatersettinganddryitemscompletely.

Dirtylaundryfromasickpersoncanbewashedwithotherpeople'sitems.

Cleananddisinfectclotheshampersaccordingtoguidanceaboveforsurfaces.

Washyourhandsoftenwithsoapandwaterfor20seconds.

Alwayswashimmediatelyafterremovingglovesandaftercontactwithasickperson.

Handsanitizer:Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailableandhandsarenotvisiblydirty,useahandsanitizerthatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.However,ifhandsarevisiblydirty,alwayswashhandswithsoapandwater.AdditionalkeytimestocleanhandsAfterblowingone'snose,coughing,orsneezingAfterusingtherestroomBeforeeatingorpreparingfoodAftercontactwithanimalsorpetsBeforeandafterprovidingroutinecareforanotherpersonwhoneedsassistance(e.g.achild)Avoidtouchingyoureyes,nose,andmouthwithunwashedhands.WhenSomeoneisSick

Keepseparatebedroomandbathroomforsickperson(ifpossible)

Thesickpersonshouldstayseparatedfromotherpeopleinthehome(asmuchaspossible).

Ifyouhaveaseparatebedroomandbathroom:Reducecleaningtoas-needed(e.g.soileditemsandsurfaces)tominimizetheamountofcontactwiththesickperson.

Caregiverscanprovidepersonalcleaningsuppliestothesickperson(ifappropriate).Suppliesincludetissues,papertowels,cleaners,andEPA-registereddisinfectantsexternalicon.

Ifsharedbathroom:Cleananddisinfectaftereachusebythesickperson.Ifthisisnotpossible,thecaregivershouldwaitaslongaspossiblebeforecleaninganddisinfecting.

Stayseparated:Thesickpersonshouldeat(orbefed)intheirroomifpossible.

Washdishesandutensilsusingglovesandhotwater:

Handleanynon-disposableusedfoodserviceitemswithglovesandwashwithhotwaterorinadishwasher.

Cleanhandsafterhandlingusedfoodserviceitems.

Dedicated,linedtrashcan:Ifpossible,dedicatealinedtrashcanforthesickperson.Usegloveswhenremovinggarbagebags,andhandlinganddisposingoftrash.Washhandsafterwards.

Learnhowyoucanplan,prepare,andcopewithstressbeforeandduringaCOVID-19outbreak.

Planandmakedecisionsinadvanceofanillness.

Knowhowtoprotectandsupportthechildreninyourcare.

Findwaystocopewithstressthatwillmakeyou,yourlovedones,andyourcommunitystronger.HowtoProtectYourselfOlderadultsandpeoplewhohavesevereunderlyingmedicalconditionslikeheartorlungdiseaseordiabetesseemtobeathigherriskfordevelopingmoreseriouscomplicationsfromCOVID-19illness.CleanyourhandsoftenWashyourhandsoftenwithsoapandwaterforatleast20secondsespeciallyafteryouhavebeeninapublicplace,orafterblowingyournose,coughing,orsneezing.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,useahandsanitizerthatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Coverallsurfacesofyourhandsandrubthemtogetheruntiltheyfeeldry.Avoidtouchingyoureyes,nose,andmouthwithunwashedhands.AvoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhoaresickPutdistancebetweenyourselfandotherpeopleifCOVID-19isspreadinginyourcommunity.Thisisespeciallyimportantforpeoplewhoareathigherriskofgettingverysick.TakestepstoprotectothersStayhomeifyouaresick,excepttogetmedicalcare.Learnwhattodoifyouaresick.Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneezeorusetheinsideofyourelbow.Throwusedtissuesinthetrash.Immediatelywashyourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Ifsoapandwaterarenotreadilyavailable,cleanyourhandswithahandsanitizerthatcontainsatleast60%alcohol.Ifyouaresick

Youshouldwearafacemaskwhenyouarearoundotherpeople(e.g.,sharingaroomorvehicle)andbeforeyouenterahealthcareprovider'soffice.Ifyouarenotabletowearafacemask(forexample,becauseitcausestroublebreathing),thenyoushoulddoyourbesttocoveryourcoughsandsneezes,andpeoplewhoarecaringforyoushouldwearafacemaskiftheyenteryourroom.IfyouareNOTsickYoudonotneedtoweara