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HYPERLINK""CCNA640-802V13題庫試題分析題庫講解:吳老師(艾迪飛CCIE實驗室首發(fā)網(wǎng)站:HYPERLINK""1.Whataretworeasonsthatanetworkadministrat(yī)orwoulduseaccesslists?(Choosetwo.)A.tocontrolvtyaccessintoarouterB.tocontrolbroadcasttrafficthrougharouterC.tofiltertrafficasitpassesthrougharouterD.tofiltertrafficthatoriginatesfromtherouterE.toreplacepasswordsasalineofdefenseagainstsecurityincursionsAnswer:AC解釋一下:在VTY線路下應(yīng)用ACL,可以控制從VTY線路進來的telnet的流量。也可以過濾穿越一臺路由器的流量。2.AdefaultFrameRelayWANisclassifiedaswhattypeofphysicalnetwork?A.point-to-pointB.broadcastmulti-accessC.nonbroadcastmulti-accessD.nonbroadcastmultipointE.broadcastpoint-to-multipointAnswer:C解釋一下:在默認(rèn)的情況下,幀中繼為非廣播多路訪問鏈路。但是也可以通過子接口來修改他的網(wǎng)絡(luò)的類型。Refertotheexhibit.Howmanybroadcastdomainsexistintheexhibitedtopology?A.oneB.twoC.threeD.fourE.fiveF.sixAnswer:C解釋一下:廣播域的問題,在默認(rèn)的情況下,每個互換機是不能隔離廣播域的,所以在同一個區(qū)域的所有互換機都在同一個廣播域中,但是為了減少廣播的危害,將廣播限制在一個更小的范圍,有了VLAN的概念,VLAN表達的是一個虛擬的局域網(wǎng),而他的作用就是隔離廣播。所以被VLAN隔離了的每個區(qū)域都表達一個單獨的廣播域,這樣一個VLAN中的廣播的流量是不能傳到其他的區(qū)域的,所以在上題中就有3個廣播域了。4.Asingle802.11gaccesspointhasbeenconfiguredandinstalledinthecenterofasquareoffice.Afewwirelessusersareexperiencingslowperformanceanddropswhilemostusersareoperatingatpeakefficiency.Whatarethreelikelycausesofthisproblem?(Choosethree.)A.mismatchedTKIPencryptionB.nullSSIDC.cordlessphonesD.mismatchedSSIDE.metalfilecabinetsF.antennatypeordirectionAnswer:CEF6.Thecommandframe-relaymapip10.121.16.8102broadcastwasenteredontherouter.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueconcerningthiscommand?A.Thiscommandshouldbeexecutedfromtheglobalconfigurationmode.B.TheIPaddress10.121.16.8isthelocalrouterportusedtoforwarddata.C.102istheremoteDLCIthatwillreceivetheinformation.D.ThiscommandisrequiredforallFrameRelayconfigurat(yī)ions.E.Thebroadcastoptionallowspackets,suchasRIPupdates,tobeforwardedacrossthePVC.Answer:E解釋一下:關(guān)于命令frame-relaymapip10.121.16.8102broadcast,這個命令用于手工靜態(tài)添加一條映射,到達10.121.16.8的流量封裝一個DLCI號為102,并且這條PVC是支持廣播的流量的,比如RIP的更新包。由于在默認(rèn)的情況下,幀中繼的網(wǎng)絡(luò)為非廣播的,而RIP在其上是無法發(fā)包的。8.Whichofthefollowingareassociatedwiththeapplicat(yī)ionlayeroftheOSImodel?(Choosetwo.)A.pingB.TelnetC.FTPD.TCPE.IPAnswer:BC解釋一下:在OSI7層模型中位于應(yīng)用層的應(yīng)用有telnet和ftp這兩種應(yīng)用。9.Forsecurityreasons,thenetworkadministratorneedstopreventpingsintothecorporatenetworksfromhostsoutsidetheinternetwork.Whichprotocolshouldbeblockedwithaccesscontrollists?A.IPB.ICMPC.TCPD.UDPAnswer:B解釋一下:PING命令運用ICMP協(xié)議的echo,和echo-replay兩個報文來檢測鏈路是否連通的。所以假如要阻止PING的流量到網(wǎng)絡(luò),就只要過濾掉ICMP的應(yīng)用就可以了。10.Refertotheexhibit.ThenetworkadministratorhascreatedanewVLANonSwitch1andaddedhostCandhostD.Theadministrat(yī)orhasproperlyconfiguredswitchinterfacesFastEthernet0/13throughFastEthernet0/24tobemembersofthenewVLAN.However,afterthenetworkadministratorcompletedtheconfiguration,hostAcomunicatewithhostB,buthostAcouldnotcommunicatewithhostCorhostD.Whichcommandsarerequiredtoresolvethisproblem?A.Router(config)#interfacefastethernet0/1.3Router(config-if)#encapsulat(yī)iondot1q3Router(config-if)#ipaddress192.168.3.1255.255.255.0B.Router(config)#routerripRouter(config-router)#network192.168.1.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.2.0Router(config-router)#network192.168.3.0C.Switch1#vlandatabaseSwitch1(vlan)#vtpv2-modeSwitch1(vlan)#vtpdomainciscoSwitch1(vlan)#vtpserverD.Switch1(config)#interfacefastethernet0/1Switch1(config-if)#switchportmodetrunkSwitch1(config-if)#switchporttrunkencapsulationislAnswer:A解釋一下:這是一個多VLAN間通訊的問題,雖然都同在一臺互換機上,但是由于處在不同的VLAN中,而導(dǎo)致了不同VLAN中的主機是不能通訊的。這時我們就需要借助與trunk和三層的路由功能了,在互換機和路由器之間封裝TRUNK,這樣可以允許互換機間的二層的通訊,但是由于兩個VLAN是劃分到不同的網(wǎng)段中的,因此需要借助路由器的路由功能來實現(xiàn)三層的可達,可以將VLAN中的主機的網(wǎng)關(guān)指定為路由器與該VLAN相連的子接口的地址,這樣VLAN中的數(shù)據(jù)包就都會發(fā)往網(wǎng)關(guān),而由網(wǎng)關(guān)來進行進一步的轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。在這個題中,題目給出了路由器的的子接口的網(wǎng)段,而又給出了VLAN2與路由器相連的接口的IP地址,所以剩下的一個網(wǎng)段就是給VLAN3的了,所以要在路由器上將與一個子接口劃分到VLAN3,并給其分派另一個網(wǎng)段中的IP地址。這樣就可以了。11.Whataretworecommendedwaysofprotectingnetworkdeviceconfigurationfilesfromoutsidenetworksecuritythreats?(Choosetwo.)A.AllowunrestrictedaccesstotheconsoleorVTYports.B.Useafirewalltorestrictaccessfromtheoutsidetothenetworkdevices.C.AlwaysuseTelnettoaccessthedevicecommandlinebecauseitsdat(yī)aisautomaticallyencrypted.D.UseSSHoranotherencryptedandauthenticatedtransporttoaccessdeviceconfigurat(yī)ions.E.Preventthelossofpasswordsbydisablingpasswordencryption.Answer:BD解釋一下:要保證外部的安全的站點才可以訪問我的網(wǎng)絡(luò),這就涉及到了安全的問題了,我們可以使用防火墻來限制外網(wǎng)中來的設(shè)備;也可以通過SSH或加密和認(rèn)證來控制。12.Refertotheexhibit.TheaccesslisthasbeenconfiguredontheS0/0interfaceofrouterRTBintheoutbounddirection.Whichtwopackets,ifroutedtotheinterface,willbedenied?(Choosetwo.)access-list101denytcp192.168.15.325anyeqtelnetaccess-list101permitipanyanyA.sourceipaddress:192.168.15.5;destinationport:21B.sourceipaddress:,192.168.15.37destinationport:21C.sourceipaddress:,191destinationport:21D.sourceipaddress:,192.168.15.36destinationport:23E.sourceipaddress:192.168.15.46;destinat(yī)ionport:23F.sourceipaddress:,192.168.15.49destinationport:23Answer:DE解釋一下:這個訪問列表定義了兩個語句:access-list101denytcp192.168.15.320.0.0.15anyeqtelnetaccess-list101permitipanyany在訪問列表中匹配的順序是從上到下,假如匹配了某一句,就退出訪問列表,假如沒有就一直往下匹配,在訪問列表中有一句隱含的拒絕所有。所以不管怎么樣都有一句是能被匹配的。在上題中,他定義的第一句是拒絕到從192.168.15.32-192.168.15.47發(fā)出的任何的telnet的流量,然后第二句定義的就是允許所有的IP流量。并且要明確telnet的流量使用的是端口23,所以這個題的答案就很明確了。Refertotheexhibit.Switch1hasjustbeenrestartedandhaspassedthePOSTroutine.HostAsendsitsinitialframetoHostC.Whatisthefirstthingtheswitchwilldoasregardspopulatingtheswitchingtable?A.Switch1willadd192.168.23.4totheswitchingtable.B.Switch1willadd192.168.23.12totheswitchingtable.C.Switch1willadd000A.8AD.Switch1willadd000B.DB95.2EE9totheswitchingtable.Answer:C解釋一下:互換機重新啟動了,這個時候互換機的MAC地址表是空的,當(dāng)主機A發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)給主機C而通過互換機時,互換機根據(jù)他的工作的原理他要進行原MAC地址學(xué)習(xí),而由于對于這個目的MAC地址無記錄,而將這個流量從除收到的這個接口外的所有接口泛洪出去。所以在最開始的一步中,互換機是記錄下主機A的MAC地址000A.8A47.E612到他的MAC地址表中。14.heuserofHost1wantstopingtheDSLmodem/routerat192.168.1.254.BasedontheHost1ARPtablethatisshownintheexhibit,what(yī)willHost1do?A.sendaunicastARPpackettotheDSLmodem/routerB.sendunicastICMPpacketstotheDSLmodem/routerC.sendLayer3broadcastpacketstowhichtheDSLmodem/routerrespondsD.sendaLayer2broadcastthatisreceivedbyHost2,theswitch,andtheDSLmodem/routerAnswer:B解釋一下:在下面的表中我們可以看到ARP表中有關(guān)于192.168.1.254的ARP條目,所以在這主機都只需要發(fā)送單播的ICMP包到DSLmodem/router即可。15.Refertotheexhibit.WhatisthemostefficientsummarizationthatR1canusetoadvertiseworkstoR2?A.172.1.0.0/22B.172.1.0.0/21C.172.1.4.0/22D.172.1.4.0/24172.1.5.0/24172.1.6.0/24172.1.7.0/24E.172.1.4.0/25172.1.4.128/25172.1.5.0/24172.1.6.0/24172.1.7.0/24Answer:C解釋一下:這還是一個關(guān)于匯總的問題。規(guī)定R1將所有的網(wǎng)段用匯總的條目發(fā)送給R2,由于這些條目的網(wǎng)絡(luò)位是相同的都為172.1,所以在這需要匯總的只是第3個八位,將4,4,5,6,7這些寫成二進制的形式,然后找出相同的位數(shù),則有相同位數(shù)的字節(jié)就是他們的掩碼的位數(shù),而最小的有相同位的最小的數(shù)字就是他們的基數(shù)位,所以R1通告出去匯總的條目為172.2.4.0/22。16.Refertotheexhibit.Assumethatallrouterinterfacesareoperationalandcorrectlyconfigured.Inaddition,assumethatOSPFhasbeencorrectlyconfiguredonrouterR2.HowwillthedefaultrouteconfiguredonR1affecttheoperationofR2?A.AnypacketdestinedforanetworkthatisnotdirectlyconnectedtorouterR1willbedropped.B.AnypacketdestinedforanetworkthatisnotdirectlyconnectedtorouterR2willbedroppedimmediately.C.AnypacketdestinedforworkthatisnotdirectlyconnectedtorouterR2willbedroppedimmediatelybecauseofthelackofagat(yī)ewayonR1.D.ThenetworksdirectlyconnectedtorouterR2willnotbeabletocommunicatewiththe172.16.100.0,172.16.100.128,and172.16.100.64subnetworks.E.AnypacketdestinedforanetworkthatisnotreferencedintheroutingtableofrouterR2willbedirectedtoR1.R1willthensendthatpacketbacktoR2andaroutingloopwilloccur.Answer:E解釋一下:在R1上產(chǎn)生了一個OSPF的缺省路由,出接口指定為S0/0,這條缺省路由以5類LSA的形式通告給了R2,于是R2上也有了一條標(biāo)記為O*E20.0.0.0/0出接口為Serial0/0的路由。所以R2收到任何路由表中沒有的目的網(wǎng)段時,就將指定給R1,而R1根據(jù)缺省路由的出接口又將數(shù)據(jù)包發(fā)往R2,這樣就形成了一個路由的環(huán)路。17.Anetworkinterfaceporthascollisiondetectionandcarriersensingenabledonasharedtwistedpairnetwork.Fromthisstatement,whatisknownaboutthenetworkinterfaceport?A.Thisisa10Mb/sswitchport.B.Thisisa100Mb/sswitchport.C.ThisisanEthernetportoperat(yī)ingathalfduplex.D.ThisisanEthernetportoperatingatfullduplex.E.ThisisaportonanetworkinterfacecardinaPC.Answer:C解釋一下:一個接口有沖突檢測和載波偵聽,并且是使用雙絞線的網(wǎng)絡(luò),那么對于這個接口我們可以推測出他是以太接口,并且是工作在半雙工的模式下。20.Refertothetopologyandrouterconfigurationshowninthegraphic.AhostontheLANisaccessinganFTPserveracrosstheInternet.Whichofthefollowingaddressescouldappearasasourceaddressforthepacketsforwardedbytheroutertothedestinationserver?A.10.10.0.1B.10.10.0.2C.199.99.9.33D.199.99.9.57E.200.2.2.17F.200.2.2.18Answer:D解釋一下:這是個NAT地址轉(zhuǎn)換的題目,在這f0/0接口連接下的為私有的地址,這些地址是不能同外網(wǎng)進行通訊的,這時就借助NAT,將內(nèi)網(wǎng)的私有地址轉(zhuǎn)換為可以在公網(wǎng)上通訊的地址,我們看到NATPOOL中定義的轉(zhuǎn)換后的公有地址為199.99.9.40到199.99.9.62,則表達這段地址是我轉(zhuǎn)換后的內(nèi)網(wǎng)全局地址,所以HOST想要穿過INTERNET訪問FTP服務(wù)器,則需要轉(zhuǎn)換為公有地址0到199.99.9.62之內(nèi)的地址,在上面的答案中只有地址197滿足條件,所以答案就是D了。21.AcompanyisinstallingIPphones.Thephonesandofficecomputersconnecttothesamedevice.Toensuremaximumthroughputforthephonedat(yī)a,thecompanyneedstomakesurethatthephonetrafficisonadifferentnetworkfromthat(yī)oftheofficecomputerdatat(yī)raffic.What(yī)isthebestnetworkdevicetowhichtodirectlyconnectthephonesandcomputers,andwhattechnologyshouldbeimplementedonthisdevice?(Choosetwo.)A.hubB.routerC.switchD.STPE.subinterfacesF.VLANAnswer:CF解釋一下:公司的語音設(shè)備和辦公的設(shè)備都連在相同的設(shè)備上,還要保證語音的數(shù)據(jù)流在不同與公司的辦公的數(shù)據(jù)流量,最佳的網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備當(dāng)然是互換機了,然后運用VLAN的技術(shù)就完全可以滿足所有的規(guī)定了。22.Refertotheexhibit.WhichstatementdescribesDLCI17?A.DLCI17describestheISDNcircuitbetweenR2andR3.B.DLCI17describesaPVConR2.ItcannotbeusedonR3orR1.C.DLCI17istheLayer2addressusedbyR2todescribeaPVCtoR3.D.DLCI17describesthedial-upcircuitfromR2andR3totheserviceprovider.Answer:C解釋一下:DLCI是在Frame-relay中的描述二層信息的地址,他的地位等同于以太網(wǎng)中的MAC地址。我們以R2上的DLCI17來看,DLCI17描述的是:從這個接口出去的目的地為R3的接口的這條PVC的二層的地址為17。23.Whichroutingprotocolbydefaultusesbandwidthanddelayasmetrics?A.RIPB.BGPC.OSPFD.EIGRPAnswer:D解釋一下:在我們的路由協(xié)議中使用復(fù)合度量的協(xié)議只有IGP和EIGPR,而他們在默認(rèn)的情況下是使用帶寬和延時來計算度量的。25.IntheimplementationofVLSMtechniquesonanetworkusingasingleClassCIPaddress,whichsubnetmaskisthemostefficientforpoint-to-pointseriallinks?A.255.255.255.0B.255.255.255.240C.255.255.255.248D.255.255.255.252E.255.255.255.254Answer:D解釋一下:在點到點的鏈路上由于只需要分派兩個地址給兩端就可以了,所以加上網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址和廣播地址,這個網(wǎng)段也就只需要有4個地址了,所以網(wǎng)絡(luò)位需要匹配30位,掩碼就為255.255.255.252.26.Refertotheexhibit.ThenetworksconnectedtorouterR2havebeensummarizedasa192.168.176.0/21routeandsenttoR1.WhichtwopacketdestinationaddresseswillR1forwardtoR2?(Choosetwo.)A.192.168.194.160B.192.168.183.41C.192.168.159.2D.192.168.183.255E.192.168.179.4F.192.168.184.45Answer:BE解釋一下:這個題其實就是考察的匯總的問題,他說的意思是R2發(fā)送了一個匯總的路由192.168.176.0/21給R1,哪兩個包文的目的地R1仍將轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)給R2。這還是匯總的問題的一個反向的考察,根據(jù)21位的掩碼位數(shù)可以推斷在第3個八位字節(jié)的前5位是相同的,不同的是后面的3位,而將176寫成二進制的形式為10110000,所以可以看出來明細(xì)的路由可以是176-183,所以在上面的答案中可以很容易看到答案B和E是我們的明細(xì)路由。27.Refertotheexhibit.Switch-1needstosenddat(yī)atoahostwithaMACaddressof00b0.d056.efa4.What(yī)willSwitch-1dowiththisdata?A.Switch-1willdropthedatabecauseitdoesnothaveanentryforthatMACaddress.B.Switch-1willfloodthedataoutallofitsportsexcepttheportfromwhichthedataoriginated.C.Switch-1willsendanARPrequestoutallitsportsexcepttheportfromwhichthedat(yī)aoriginated.D.Switch-1willforwardthedatatoitsdefaultgateway.Answer:B解釋一下:一方面Switch1需要發(fā)送一個數(shù)據(jù)到MAC地址為00b0.d056.efa4的主機,了解到目的地后,就查看他的MAC地址表,然后發(fā)現(xiàn)在MAC地址表中沒有這個MAC地址的條目存在。互換機在收到未知的單播,組播和廣播時,都采用的是泛洪的方式,往除收到數(shù)據(jù)的這個接口外的所有接口都發(fā)送。所以在這兒,Switch1也采用的上泛洪的方式。28.woroutersnamedAtlantaandBrevardareconnectedbytheirserialinterfacesasshownintheexhibit,butthereisnodataconnectivitybetweenthem.TheAtlantarouterisknowntohaveacorrectconfigurat(yī)ion.Giventhepartialconfigurationsshownintheexhibit,whatistheproblemontheBrevardrouterthat(yī)iscausingthelackofconnectivity?A.Aloopbackisnotset.B.TheIPaddressisincorrect.C.Thesubnetmaskisincorrect.D.Theseriallineencapsulationsareincompatible.E.Themaximumtransmissionunit(MTU)sizeistoolarge.F.Thebandwidthsettingisincompatiblewiththeconnectedinterface.Answer:B解釋一下:很明顯的錯誤啊,兩臺路由器的串行接口的地址配置錯誤,不是在相同的網(wǎng)段,從而導(dǎo)致了不能通訊。29.WhichtwovaluesareusedbySpanningTreeProtocoltoelectarootbridge?(Choosetwo.)A.amountofRAMB.bridgepriorityC.IOSversionD.IPaddressE.MACaddressF.speedofthelinksAnswer:BE解釋一下:生成樹的選舉的問題,根橋的選舉是通過比較BID的,而BID由橋優(yōu)先級和MAC地址組成的.所以在選根橋的時候需要比較的是橋優(yōu)先級和MACaddress。30.Refertotheexhibit.Whichswitchprovidesthespanning-treedesignatedportroleforthworksegmentthatservicestheprinters?Switch1B.Switch2C.Switch3D.Switch4Answer:C解釋一下:這是個關(guān)于生成樹選舉的問題,我們一方面需要找到根橋,而根橋的選舉是通過比較橋ID的,并且是越小越優(yōu)先,橋ID的組成為橋優(yōu)先級和MAC地址。所以我們通過上圖可以找到根橋為switch1。然后在非根橋上選出根端口,通過比較到根橋的花費來選舉的,花費最小的就是根端口。由于上圖中沒有表達出鏈路的帶寬,所以無法比較他們的花費。下一步我們來選舉指派端口。每條鏈路都需要有一個DP,先是比較花費,假如花費相同則比較BID(橋優(yōu)先級),仍是越小越優(yōu)先,根據(jù)上圖的表識,我們可以找到每條鏈路上的DP,而連Printers的鏈路上的DP就為Switch3,由于他有更小的MAC地址。32.Refertotheexhibit.WhywouldthenetworkadministratorconfigureRAinthismanner?A.togivestudentsaccesstotheInternetB.topreventstudentsfromaccemandpromptofRAC.topreventadministratorsfromaccessingtheconsoleofRAD.togiveadministrat(yī)orsaccesstotheInternetE.topreventstudentsfromaccessingtheInternetF.topreventstudentsfromaccessingtheAdminnetworkAnswer:B解釋一下:在這兒,將ACL應(yīng)用到VTY線路下,并且是IN的方向,表達凡是被我的ACL允許的才干telnet到我.在RA上配置的是permit10.1.1.00.0.0.255根據(jù)隱式的denyany允許Admin的網(wǎng)段中的用戶可以telnet到他,所以Student的網(wǎng)段中的用戶是被拒絕的.33.InordertoallowtheestablishmentofaTelnetsessionwitharouter,whichsetofcommandsmustbeconfigured?A.router(config)#lineconsole0router(config-line)#enablepasswordciscoB.router(config)#lineconsole0router(config-line)#enablesecretciscorouter(config-line)#loginC.router(config)#lineconsole0router(config-line)#passwordciscorouter(config-line)#loginD.router(config)#linevty0router(config-line)#enablepasswordciscoE.router(config)#linevty0router(config-line)#enablesecretciscorouter(config-line)#loginF.router(config)#linevty0router(config-line)#passwordciscorouter(config-line)#loginAnswer:F解釋一下:telnet是一個應(yīng)用層的應(yīng)用,他使用的是vty線路,并且在默認(rèn)的情況下,是需要訪問的線路下設(shè)有密碼的。而在VTY線路下設(shè)立密碼的命令為passworkstring,而VTY線路下的另一個命令login則是默認(rèn)的,可寫也可不寫。假如想Telnet時在VTY線路下不設(shè)立密碼也可以訪問這個線路,可以在該VTY線路下輸入命令nologin。34.Refertotheexhibit.ThetwoexhibiteddevicesaretheonlyCiscodevicesonthenetwork.Theserialnetworkbetweenthetwodeviceshasamaskof255.255.255.252.Giventheoutputthatisshown,whatthreestatementsaretrueofthesedevices?(Choosethree.)A.TheManchesterserialaddressis10.1.1.1.B.TheManchesterserialaddressis10.1.1.2.C.TheLondonrouterisaCisco2610.D.TheManchesterrouterisaCisco2610.E.TheCDPinformationwasreceivedonportSerial0/0oftheManchesterrouter.F.TheCDPinformationwassentbyportSerial0/0oftheLondonrouter.Answer:ACE解釋一下:CDP是CISCO私有的一個二層的協(xié)議,但是他卻可以發(fā)現(xiàn)三層的IP信息的.通過CDP可以發(fā)現(xiàn)的鄰居的信息有:設(shè)備的名稱,IP地址,端口,能力,平臺,對端的holddowntime.在上圖的showcdpentry*命令的顯示可以看到的信息有:設(shè)備名稱:London;IP地址:10.1.1.2;平臺:cisco2610;能力:Router;端口:s0/1;holdtime:125S.Manchesteter收到這個CDP信息的接口為S0/0.綜合一下,這個題目的答案就出來了.35.Anetworkadministratorhasconfiguredtwoswitches,namedLondonandMadrid,touseVTP.However,theswitchesarenotsharingVTPmessages.Givenmandoutputshowninthegraphic,whyaretheseswitchesnotsharingVTPmessages?A.TheVTPversionisnotcorrectlyconfigured.B.TheVTPoperatingmodeisnotcorrectlyconfigured.C.TheVTPdomainnameisnotcorrectlyconfigured.D.VTPpruningmodeisdisabled.E.VTPV2modeisdisabled.F.VTPtrapsgenerationisdisabled.Answer:C解釋一下:互換機間不能共享VTP的信息,我們就需要檢查VTP的狀態(tài),一方面需要檢查的是VTP的域名,只有同一個域中的才也許互相學(xué)習(xí),再來檢查VTP的模式,必須有一個server模式才干有VTP學(xué)習(xí)的過程的,默認(rèn)的情況下VTP的模式為Server的。然后我們檢查圖題目給出的信息,可以看到兩臺互換機的VTPdomain是不一致的,所以這個就是問題的所在了。36.Host1istryingtocommunicatewithHost2.TerfaceonRouterCisdown.Whichofthefollowingaretrue?(Choosetwo.)A.RouterCwilluseICMPtoinformHost1thatHost2cannotbereached.B.RouterCwilluseICMPtoinformRouterBthatHost2cannotbereached.C.RouterCwilluseICMPtoinformHost1,RouterA,andRouterBthatHost2cannotbereached.D.RouterCwillsendaDestinationUnreachablemessagetype.E.RouterCwillsendaRouterSelectionmessagetype.F.RouterCwillsendaSourceQuenchmessagetype.Answer:AD解釋一下:連Host2的接口E0/0down了,那么最直接的反映就發(fā)生在路由器C上,C的路由表中的這個條目就消失了,因此當(dāng)Host1想要跟Host2建立連接的時候,RouterC就發(fā)送一個目的網(wǎng)段不可達的消息;假如是使用ping命令,那么RouterC就使用ICMP的包文告訴Host1,Host2是不可打的。37.Refertotheexhibit.Assumingthattherouterisconfiguredwiththedefaultsettings,whattypeofrouterinterfaceisthis?A.EthernetB.FastEthernetC.GigabitEthernetD.a(chǎn)synchronousserialE.synchronousserialAnswer:B解釋一下:這個題是需要根據(jù)圖中提供的信息來判斷接口的類型??梢钥吹浇涌诘腗AC地址,表達這個接口肯定不是串行接口,所以可以排除D和E的選項??磶挘耊100000Kbit,表達的是100M的帶寬,所以這是個FastEthernet接口。38.Onpoint-to-pointnetworks,OSPFhellopacketsareaddressedtowhichaddress?A.127.0.0.1B.172.16.0.1C.192.168.0.5D.223.0.0.1E.F.254.255.255.255Answer:E解釋一下:在OSPF中Hello包發(fā)向的是224.0.0.5和224.0.0.6這兩個地址的。大家在做OSPF實驗的時候,用debug命令是可以看到這兩個個地址的。39.Whiletroubleshootingablem,anetworkadministratornoticesthataportstatusLEDonaCiscoCatalystseriesswitchisalternatinggreenandamber.Whichconditioncouldthisindicat(yī)e?A.Theportisexperiencingerrors.B.Theportisadministrativelydisabled.C.Theportisblockedbyspanningtree.D.Theporthasanactivelinkwithnormaltrafficactivity.Answer:A解釋一下:CISCO互換機的端口狀態(tài)指示燈是閃爍的綠色和淺黃色,表達端口有操作的問題——也許是過量的錯誤或連接的問題。40.Refertotheexhibit.ThenetworkshownintheexhibitisrunningtheRIPv2routingprotocol.Tworkhasconverged,andtheroutersinthisnetworkarefunctioningproperly.TheFastEthernet0/0interfaceonR1goesdown.Inwhichtwowayswilltheroutersinthisnetworkrespondtothischange?(Choosetwo.)A.Allrouterswillreferencetheirtopologydatabasetodetermineifanybackuproutestothe192.168.1.0networkareknown.B.RoutersR2andR3marktherouteasinaccessibleandwillnotacceptanyfurtherroutingupdat(yī)esfromR1untiltheirhold-downtimersexpire.C.Becauseofthesplit-h(huán)orizonrule,routerR2willbepreventedfromsendingerroneousinformationtoR1aboutconnectivitytothe192.168.1.0network.D.WhenrouterR2learnsfromR1thatthelinktothe192.168.1.0networkhasbeenlost,R2willrespondbysendingaroutebacktoR1withaninfinitemetrictothe192.168.1.0network.E.R1willsendLSAstoR2andR3informingthemofthischange,andthenallrouterswillsendperiodicupdatesatanincreasedrateuntilthenetworkagainconverges.Answer:CD解釋一下:這涉及到RIP關(guān)于環(huán)路避免的幾種機制了。在這里R1的直連的鏈路發(fā)生了變化,立即觸發(fā)更新(觸發(fā)更新),發(fā)送flashupdate出去,將這個條目置為possibledown,設(shè)立最大跳數(shù)(路由毒性),R2收到這個flashupdate后,也回復(fù)一個flashupdate包(毒性逆轉(zhuǎn)),同時將這個條目也置為possibledown,設(shè)立最大跳數(shù)。42.WhichofthefollowingdescribecessidentifierthatisusedtorunOSPFonarouter?(Choosetwo.)A.Itislocallysignificant.B.Itisgloballysignificant.C.ItisneededtoidentifyauniqueinstanceofanOSPFdatabase.D.ItisanoptionalparameterrequiredonlyifmultipleOSPFprocessesarerunningontherouter.E.AllroutersinthesameOSPFareamusthavethesamcessIDiftheyaretoexchangeroutinginformation.Answer:AC解釋一下:OSPF的進程號只在本地有效。在一臺路由器上需要為每個進程維護各自的OSPF數(shù)據(jù)庫。43.Refertotheexhibit.TheFMJmanufacturingcompanyisconcernedaboutunauthorizedaccesstothePayrollServer.TheAccounting1,CEO,Mgr1,andMgr2workstationsshouldbetheonlycomputerswithaccesstothePayrollServer.Whattwotechnologiesshouldbeimplementedtohelppreventunauthorizedaccesstotheserver?(Choosetwo.)A.accesslistsB.encryptedrouterpasswordsC.STPD.VLANsE.VTPF.wirelessLANsAnswer:AD解釋一下:需要控制只允許哪些組可以訪問服務(wù)器,組中的哪些用戶可以訪問,使用的技術(shù)當(dāng)然有ACL和VLAN了。44.Whichtwostatementsaretrueaboutthecommandiproute172.16.3.0255.255.255.0?(Choosetwo.)A.Itestablishesastaticroutetothe172.16.3.0network.B.Itestablishesastaticroutetothe192.168.2.0network.C.Itconfigurestheroutertosendanytrafficforanunknowndestinat(yī)iontothe172.16.3.0network.D.Itconfigurestheroutertosendanytrafficforanunknowndestinationouttheinterfacewiththeaddress192.168.2.4.E.Itusesthedefaultadministrativedistance.F.Itisaroutethatwouldbeusedlastifotherroutestothesamedestinationexist.Answer:AE解釋一下:命令iproute172.16.3.0255.255.255.0192.168.2.4是靜態(tài)指定一條路由:通過接口192.168.2.4可以到達網(wǎng)段172.16.3.0/24。在這條命令后沒有指定管理距離,就表達使用默認(rèn)的管理距離,為1.45.Thenetworkshowninthediagramisexperiencingconnectivityproblems.Whichofthefollowingwillcorrecttheproblems?(Choosetwo.)A.ConfigurethegatewayonHostAas10.1.1.1.B.Configurethegat(yī)ewayonHostBas10.1.2.254.C.ConfiguretheIPaddressofHostAas10.1.2.2.D.ConfiguretheIPaddressofHostBas10.1.2.2.E.Configurethemasksonbothhoststobe24.F.Configurethemasksonbothhoststobe255.255.255.240.Answer:BD解釋一下:主機A到他的指定網(wǎng)關(guān)的這條鏈路是沒有問題的,由于HOSTA,接口VLAN1和路由器的f0/0.1網(wǎng)段是相同的,且都是處在VLAN1的。而HOSTB的VLAN2到互換機是沒有相同的VLAN接口和他通訊的,所以HOSTB發(fā)出的數(shù)據(jù)到互換機上就被丟棄了。所以需要在互換機上指定一個處在VLAN2的接口,并將SVI地址配置為和路由器POP的f0/0.2相同網(wǎng)段的地址。由于路由器的接口的地址分派的是網(wǎng)段/24,所以我們的HOSTB的地址應(yīng)當(dāng)也分派一個1/24的地址,并且網(wǎng)關(guān)也指定為路由器POP的f0/0.2的地址。46.WhichthreestatementsarecorrectaboutRIPversion2?(Choosethree.)A.Ithasthesamemaximumhopcountasversion1.B.Itusesbroadcastsforitsroutingupdat(yī)es.C.Itisaclasslessroutingprotocol.D.IthasalowerdefaultadministrativedistancethanRIPversion1.E.Itsupportsauthentication.F.Itdoesnotsendthesubnetmaskinupdat(yī)es.Answer:ACE解釋一下:關(guān)于RIPv2,一方面要了解他是一個無類的路由協(xié)議,在發(fā)送路由更新的時候是攜帶掩碼的。他的metric的計算方式和RIPv1的相同,仍然是根據(jù)跳數(shù)的,但是他的跳數(shù)范圍擴大了,RIPv1的為16跳,而RIPv2的為255跳。RIPv1是以廣播的形式發(fā)送更新的,在RIPv2中采用的是廣播,地址為224.0.0.9。RIPv2是支持認(rèn)證的,而在RIPv1中是沒有這個功能的。RIPv2是可以關(guān)閉自動匯總的,而在RIPv1中是不能關(guān)閉的。49.Refertotheexhibit.Router1wasjustsuccessfullyrebooted.IdentifythecurrentOSPFrouterIDforRouter1.A.190.172.32.10B.208.149.23.162C.208.149.23.194D.220.173.149.10Answer:C解釋一下:這是個關(guān)于OSPF的RID的選舉的問題。在OSPF中,RID的選舉過程是這樣的:假如通過命令router-id來指定一個RID,那么就采用手工指定的這個RID;假如沒有手工指定,則在可以使用的接口中來選舉,他是優(yōu)先采用回環(huán)口的,假如只有一個回環(huán)口,就采用這個回環(huán)口的IP作為RID,假如有多個回環(huán)口,就采用這多個回環(huán)口中IP地址最大的作為RID;假如沒有回環(huán)口,就采用物理接口中IP地址最大的接口IP作為RID。在上面的圖中可以看到有兩個回環(huán)口,而Loopback1的IP更大,所以208.149.23.194就做為RID了。51.Whatcananetworkadministrat(yī)orutilizebyusingPPPLayer2encapsulation?(Choosethree.)A.VLANsupportB.compressionC.authenticationD.slidingwindowsE.multilinksupportF.qualityofserviceAnswer:BCE解釋一下:PPP協(xié)議是能支持認(rèn)證的,涉及PAP和CHAP;PPP還支持壓縮功能和差錯校驗,還可實現(xiàn)多鏈路捆綁。而他們的這些功能都是HDLC所沒有的。52.Refertotheexhibit.Whatisthemeaningofthetermdynamicasdisplayedintheoutputoftheshowframe-relaymapcommandshown?A.TheSerial0/0interfaceispassingtraffic.B.TheDLCI100wasdynamicallyallocatedbytherouter.C.TheSerial0/0interfaceacquiredtheIPaddressof172.16.3.1fromaDHCPserver.D.TheDLCI100willbedynamicallychangedasrequiredtoadapttochangesintheFrameRelaycloud.E.ThemappingbetweenDLCI100andtheendstationIPaddress172.16.3.1waslearnedthroughInverseARP.Answer:E解釋一下:這是個關(guān)于MAP的知識。在圖中可以看到這個MAP是dynamic的,因此是通過inverseARP學(xué)習(xí)到的。而ip172.16.3.1dlci100表達的是DLCI100映射的地址為172.16.3.1。就像是以太網(wǎng)中的MAC和IP的映射同樣,通過DLCI100可以找到IP172.16.3.1。53.WhatisthefunctionoftheCiscoIOScommandipnatinsidesourcestatic10.1.1.5172.35.16.5?A.Itcreat(yī)esaglobaladdresspoolforalloutsideNATtransactions.B.Itestablishesadynamicaddresspoolforaninsidestaticaddress.C.Itcreat(yī)esdynamicsourcetranslationsforallinsidelocalPATtransactions.D.Itcreat(yī)esaone-to-onemappingbetweenaninsidelocaladdressandaninsideglobaladdress.E.Itmapsoneinsidesourceaddresstoarangeofoutsideglobaladdresses.Answer:D解釋一下:ipnatinsidesourcestatic10.1.1.5172.35.16.5這條命令是靜態(tài)創(chuàng)建一個一對一的地址轉(zhuǎn)換。他把內(nèi)部本地地址10.1.1.5轉(zhuǎn)換為全局地址172.35.16.5。55.Refertotheexhibit.WhenPC1sendsanARPrequestfortheMACaddressofPC2,networkperformanceslowsdramatically,andtheswitchesdetectanunusuallyhighnumberofbroadcastframes.Whatisthemostlikelycauseofthis?A.Theportfastfeatureisnotenabledonallswitchports.B.ThePCsareintwodifferentVLANs.C.SpanningTreeProtocolisnotrunningontheswitches.D.PC2isdownandisnotabletorespondtotherequest.E.TheVTPversionsrunningonthetwoswitchesdonotmatch.Answer:C解釋一下:PC1發(fā)出一個ARPrequest的數(shù)據(jù)報,并且是以廣播的形式發(fā)送出去的。當(dāng)ARP報文傳到switch2,互換機對廣播的流量是以泛洪的形式解決的,報文就從除了連接PC1的接口外的所有接口都發(fā)出去了。Switch1收到廣播后也泛洪,因此一個廣播環(huán)路就產(chǎn)生了,所以在感覺網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能很差,由于廣播的流量占有了很大的帶寬。而我們阻斷二層環(huán)路是通過生成樹來實現(xiàn)的,在圖中有環(huán)路存在因此就說明沒有運營生成樹了。56.Anadministratorissuesthecommandping127.0.0.1fromthecommandlinepromptonaPC.Ifareplyisreceived,whatdoesthisconfirm?A.ThePChasconnectivitywithalocalhost.B.ThePChasconnectivitywithaLayer3device.C.ThePChasadefaultgatewaycorrectlyconfigured.D.ThePChasconnectivityuptoLayer5oftheOSImodel.E.ThePChastheTCP/IPprotocolstackcorrectlyinstalled.Answer:E解釋一下:地址127.0.0.0是一個私有的保存地址段,他是一個回環(huán)的地址,一般用于測試,測試TCP/IP協(xié)議棧是否起來了。在一臺PC上能ping通127.0.0.1說明這個PC的TCP/IP協(xié)議棧是對的安裝的。59.Refertotheexhibit.Thenetworkadministratorrequireseasyconfigurationoptionsandminimalroutingprotocoltraffic.Whattwooptionsprovideadequateroutingtableinformat(yī)ionfortrafficthatpassesbetweenthetworoutersandsatisfytherequestsofthenetworkadministrator?(Choosetwo.)A.adynamicroutingprotocolonInternetRoutertoadvertiseallroutestoCentralRouter.B.adynamicroutingprotocolonI(lǐng)nternetRoutertoadvertisesummarizedroutestoCentralRouter.C.astat(yī)icrouteonI(lǐng)nternetRoutertodirecttrafficthat(yī)isdestinedfor17/16toCentralRouter.D.a(chǎn)dynamicroutingprotocolonCentralRoutertoadvertiseallroutestoInternetRouter.E.adynamicroutingprotocolonCentralRoutertoadvertisesummarizedroutestoInternetRouter.F.astatic,defaultrouteonCentralRouterthatdirectstraffictoInternetRouter.Answer:CF解釋一下:由于在這個圖中,internetRouter要訪問內(nèi)網(wǎng)17

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