外研版高中英語book 1 module 6 Grammar

高一外研版必修一Module6

TheInternetandTelecommunicationsGrammarLookatthesecompoundwordsfromthemoduleKeyboardType1:onewordCD-ROMType2:twowordswith“-”MobilephoneType3:twowordsCD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallDecidewhattypethesewordsare.CD-ROMhardwarekeyboardmobilephonehigh-speedcomputersystemsearchenginesoftwarecreditcardtextmessageinternalcallvideocamerainternationalcallType1:Type2:Type3:hardkeywebnetnotesoftMakecompoundwords,usingwordsfromtheboxes.Ex2P54boardsitebooktrafficbrowserwarediskwordpadworkhardwarehardboardharddiskkeyboardkeywordwebsitewebbrowsernetworknotebooknotepadsoftwareKeys:1.

合成詞在英語中比較活躍。合成名詞的數(shù)量很大，可以在句中作主語、賓語等。如：Sightseeing

tookupthewholemorning.（作________)主語Finallytheyreachedacross-roads.

(）

(作_________)

（觀光）十字路口賓語

Smokingisnotallowedduringtake-off.(___________)(作___________)飛機(jī)的起飛

介詞賓語

合成詞常見的構(gòu)詞方法如下：

名詞＋名詞：

Earthworm()earthquake()蚯蚓地震形容詞＋名詞：

shorthand()double-dealer()速記的,速記言行不一的人動名詞＋名詞：

sleepingpills()waiting-room()安眠藥片候車室動詞＋名詞：

break-water()pick-pocket()防波堤

扒手

名詞＋動名詞：

sun-bathing()hand-writing(

)日光浴

手寫

動詞＋副詞：

get-together()break-through()聚會突破副詞＋名詞：

downfall(

)outbreak()垮臺,墮落

爆發(fā)

另外，還有一些其他方式構(gòu)成的合成名詞：

go-between媒人，中間人

good-for-nothing無益的，無價值的

by-product副產(chǎn)品touch-me-not含羞草

2.合成形容詞很多，多數(shù)作定語，有些也可作表語:Theyhelpedustomapoutalong-term()plan.()長期的作定語Open-air()exerciseswilldoyougood.()戶外的作定語Areyouairsick?()()暈機(jī)的作定語Heislivelyandoutgoing.()()外向的作表語合成形容詞常見的構(gòu)此法如下:形容詞+名詞+-ed:good-tempered()好脾氣的

noble-minded()高貴的，高尚的

形容詞+現(xiàn)在分詞

good-looking()長得好看的easy-going()容易相處的

副詞+現(xiàn)在分詞:hard-working()努力工作的far-reaching()深遠(yuǎn)的，廣泛的名詞+過去分詞:state-owned()heart-felt()國有的衷心的名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞:peace-loving()epoch-making()愛好和平的開新紀(jì)元的副詞+過去分詞

well-known()widespread()著名的傳播廣的

名詞+形容詞:duty-free()self-satisfied()免稅的自我滿足的，自負(fù)的kind-hearted()ready-made()好心腸的做好的，現(xiàn)成的

口香糖

被雪覆蓋的

三條腿的

新建的

造紙的

ExerciseTranslatethewords①well-being____________②has-been____________③data-bank____________④creditcard____________⑤bystander_____________⑥chewinggum____________⑦snow-covered___________⑧three-legged___________⑨newly-built____________⑩paper-making___________

幸福，福利

過時的人或物

數(shù)據(jù)庫

信用卡

旁觀者

Pluralforms:gentleman2.

good-for-nothing3.

looker-on4.

passer-by5.

comrade-in-armsgentlemengood-for-nothingslookers-onpassers-bycomrades-in-armsPluralforms

6.sister-in-law7.

mandoctor8.womanteacher9.

girlstudent10.boystudentsisters-in-lawmendoctorswomenteachersgirlstudentsboystudents冠詞的定義冠詞是置于名詞之前、說明名詞所表示的人或事物的一種虛詞。冠詞也可以說是名詞的一種標(biāo)志，它不能離開名詞而單獨存在。冠詞有三種：即定冠詞(definitearticle)、不定冠詞

(indefinitearticle)和零冠詞(zeroarticle)。不定冠詞有兩個形式，一個是a,另一個是an.a用在輔音(指的是音標(biāo)不是指字母)開頭的詞前,an用在以元音開頭的詞前。auniversity,anumbrella,aEuropean,anexampleaone-actplayanhour不定冠詞的基本用法①泛指某一類人或事物的一個。例如：Aboyiswaitingforyou.②表示某一類人或事物，相當(dāng)于any,例如：Ahorseisananimal.③用于首次提到的人或物的單數(shù)名詞前面。Anoldcockissittinginatalltree.④用于描寫自然現(xiàn)象的名詞前，表示“一陣”、“一場”、“一種”等。例如：

snowasnow一場雪showerashower一陣暴雨⑤用在抽象名詞之前表示具體介紹：是什么樣的人，是什么樣的事物。例如：Thelittlegirlisajoytoherparents.Heisasuccess.Itisapleasuretoworkwithyou.Hedidmeagreatkindness.Whatagreatsurpriseyougaveme.定冠詞的基本用法①特指某個或某些人或事物，或指談話雙方都知道的人或事物，或重復(fù)上文提到的人或事物。例如：Howdoyoulikethefilm?Therewasachairbythewindow.Onthechairsatayoungwomanwithababyinherarms.Thebabyisveryfat.②指世界上獨一無二的事物。例如：Theearthisbiggestthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesun.thesky;theuniverse;theatmosphere③用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，表示某一類人或事物。如：Thelionismorefiercethanthewolf.ThecompasswasinventedinancientChina.④常用在樂器的名稱之前。例如：playtheviolin/piano⑤用在某些專有名詞前：在江河、山脈、海洋、湖泊、群島的名詞之前：theChangjiangRiver;theYellowRivertheSaltLake含有普通名詞的專有名詞之前theGreatWall;theTangDynasty;theWhiteHouse不加冠詞的情況：①在大多數(shù)專有名詞、泛指的抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞前：Welovescience.Sheisfondofmusic.②在星期、月份、季節(jié)或節(jié)假日等名詞前：NationalDay;NewYear’sDay;Women’sDay③在稱呼語、表示頭銜或職務(wù)的名詞前What’swrongwithyou,Uncle?ThisisComradeYang,chairmanoftheStudents’Union.HereportedthistoMrBlack,headmasteroftheschool.在三餐飯和球類運動、棋類運動的名詞前：Ilikericeforsupper.Let’sgoandwatchthemplaychess.Lookatthewords.Weusuallyusethedefinitearticles(the)withthem.Whydoyouthinkthisisnecessary?theInternettheWorldWideWebtheheadteachertheuniversetheworldthesuntheofficiallanguagethemoonthepresidentthecapitalThekey:Becausetheyareallunique—thereisonlyoneofthem.Finishactivity2.PossibleAnswers:Continents:Asia,Europe,Oceania;America,AntarcticaCountries:China,Argentina,Australia,India,France(exceptions:TheNetherlands,TheNetherlands,TheLebanon)Cities:Beijing,London,NewYork,Sydney,Shanghai(exceptions:TheHague)Pluralanduncountablenounsingeneralstatements:Snowiscold.Gunsaredangerous.Finishactivity3.Choosethecorrectarticletocompleteeachquestion.aatheaa1.Isthere(a/the)computeratyourschool?2.Doyouhave(a/the)lessoninthecomputerroom?3.Canyouaccess(an/the)Internetatschool?4.Haveyougot(a/the)phoneathome?5.Haveyougot(a/the)computerathome?1.Does______headmasterknowhowtouseacomputer?2.Are_______computerimportant?3.Canyouaccess______Internetatschool?4.Youneed______softwaretouseacomputer?5._______WorldWideWebisfullof_____websites.the/the/The/Completethesentenceswiththedefinitearticleifnecessary.Choosethebestanwsers1.

InHangzhouMrGreenwassostruckby____beautyof_____naturethathestayedforanothernight.A.

/;/B./;theC.the;/D.the;the2.Manypeoplearestillin_____habitofwritingsillythingsin______publicplaces.A.the;theB./;/C.the;/D./;the3.Fiveyearsagoherbrotherwas____universitystudentof_____physics.A.a;theB.an;theC.an;/D.a;/CCD4.Haveyouseen_____pen?Ileftitherethismorning.Isit________blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.

a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a5.Ilove____historybecauseitgiveus______knowledgeofpastevents.A.

the,aB./;aC./;/D.a;theDB6.Summersin___southofFrancearefor___mostpartdryandsunny.

A./;aB.the;/C./;/ D.the;the7.Idon’tliketalkingon____telephone;Ipreferwriting_____letters.A.a;the B.the;不填C.the;theD.waskilling

DB8.Jumpingoutof___airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite____excitingexperience.A./;the B./;anC.an;anD.the;the9.Idon’tlike_____NewYorkatall. Butthisisn’t_____NewYorkyouremember.A.the;the B./;theC.the;/ D./;aCBFillinblanks_____Internetis_____biggestsourceof_____informationin____world,andit’saccessiblethrough_____computer.Thethe/theaTherulesforhowtousearticles:世界獨一二次現(xiàn)，序詞形容高級前；富人傷員按天算，方位樂器影視院；群島河山江湖海，普專復(fù)合姓氏前；雙知年代擊中臉，特指事物及習(xí)慣。不用冠詞有幾點，呼語頭銜職務(wù)前；星期月季節(jié)假日，專名球類及三餐；聽音下棋各學(xué)科，正午睡覺是習(xí)慣；名前代詞這那限，泛指事物不用冠。1.take/heface/heleg4.patsb.ontheshoulderSomethingimportantweshouldpayattentiontowhenusingarticles:thePeople’sRepublicofChinatheGreatWalltheUnitedStatesTianAnMenSquareBeiHaiParkBeijingUniversity=theUniversityofBeijingThe用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級、等專有名詞前。純專有名詞前一般不用the。1.inopenintheopen2.beinhospitalbeinthehospital3.attableatthetable4.gotobedgotothebed5.takeplacetaketheplaceofbydaybytheday7.inplaceofintheplaceof8.infutureinthefuture9.inclassintheclass10.insecretinthesecret11.Heisstillinoffice,sohestillhastherighttomakethisbigdecision.Heisstillintheoffice,asthelightinhisofficeison.12.MissTianisinchargeof

ourclass.Classoneisinthechargeof

MissTian.Things

of

a

kind

come

together,

so

do

people

of

a

mind.

Translate:物以類聚，人以群分。a=thesameA

Mr.

Smith

is

waiting

for

yououtside.a=acertain=someItisamostusefulbook.most=veryWhichis________largercountry,CanadaorAustralia?2.--Ifyoudon’tliketheredcoat,taketheblueone.--OK,butdoyouhave____biggersizeinblue?Thisone’sabittightforme.Englishis_____mostdifficultsubjecttolearn,butit’snot_____mostdifficultone.theaatheFormoreexercises,clickhere.go

by

train,go

by

boat,at

table,in

hospital,in

town,husbandandwife,penandink,fatherandson,dayandnight,handinhand,facetoface，neckandneck，stepbystep，fromtoptobottom，incaseoffire，frommorningtillnight，frombeginningtoend，atnoon/dawn/daybreak/dusk/night/midnight，catchfire，catchsightof，cometopower，takeoffice，Usefulphrasesgivebirthto,in

the

end,in

the

morning

(afternoon,evening),the

day

after

tomorrow,the

daybeforeyesterday,in

the

sky

(water,field,country),in

the

dark,in

the

rain,in

the

distance,in

the

middle

of,on

the

whole,intheway,by

the

way,go

to

the

theatre/cinema,ontheotherhand,intheleast,gotothedoctor’s,atthesametime,ontheradio/phonealittle,afew,alotof,ahundred,athousand,anumberof,apileof,agreatmany,asaresult,asarule,inahurry,inaminute,inaword,inashortwhile,afterawhile,haveacold,haveatry,keepaneyeon,all

of

a

sudden,anumberof,dosb.afavor,tellalie,asamatteroffact,ataloss,keepadiary高考題(10福建)It’s___goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgivesthem___pleasure.A.不填,a B.a,不填 C.the,a D.a,the考點：冠詞的使用解析：goodfeeling并非特指，故用a；pleasure是抽象名詞，無需冠詞。句意為“人們喜歡上海世博會給它們的快樂，這是（一）種不錯的感覺”agoodfeeling,一種不錯的感覺，givesbpleasure。B2.—Couldyoutellmethewayto____Johnsons,please?—Sorry,wedon’thave____Johnsonhereinthevillage.[2007全國卷II]A.the;the B.the;a C./;the D.the;/3.________walkisexpectedtolastallday,sobringpackedlunch.[2007山東卷]A．A;aB．The;不填C．The;aD．A;不填BC4.—Howabout_______Christmaseveningparty?—Ishouldsayitwas______success.[2007福建卷]a;a B.The;a C.a;不填 D.the;不填5.Ilookedunder_____bedandfound______bookIlostlastweek.[2007北京卷]A.the;aB.the;theC.不填;theD.the;不填BB6.Polarbearslivemostlyon______seaice,whichtheyuseas______platformforhuntingseals.[2007湖南卷]a;aB.a;theC.不填;aD.the;不填7.