初中閱讀七選五做題技巧說課講解

閱讀(yuèdú)理解七選五答題指導(dǎo)第一頁，共43頁。題型解讀(jiědú)：試題模式：給出一篇缺少5個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處?？疾橹攸c(diǎn)：主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及(yǐjí)上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。（考試說明）選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）第二頁，共43頁。◆瀏覽選項(xiàng)，理解七個(gè)選項(xiàng)句子的具體(jùtǐ)語意?！羲僮x全文，關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題?！衾砬迦Y(jié)構(gòu)與邏輯關(guān)系,找出關(guān)鍵詞句?！暨\(yùn)用線索特征詞匯幫助推斷◆充分利用邏輯關(guān)系詞匯。◆還回原文，確定答案，最后再來順一遍七選五閱讀(yuèdú)理解題的解題技巧:第三頁，共43頁。

1)如果問題在段首通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀后文內(nèi)容，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。關(guān)注每段首尾句，了解大意知主題

2)如果問題在段尾通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。注意在選項(xiàng)中查找表示結(jié)果、結(jié)論、總結(jié)等的信號(hào)(xìnhào)詞，如therefore,asaresult,inshort,inaword等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。根據(jù)(gēnjù)試題所在位置確定不同的解題策略：第四頁，共43頁。

主旨(zhǔzhǐ)概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）

1)首段首句2)中間(zhōngjiān)段首句3)末段首句文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)靠上下文承接(chéngjiē)做題總結(jié)下文——本段主題文章主題，首尾呼應(yīng)第五頁，共43頁。

Ex.1_____Everyday,whenshecomesbackhomefromwork,shesetsaboutdoinghousework,sweepingthelivingroomandbedroomsorcleaningthefurniture,andputtingeverythinginorder.Sheseemstobebusyallthetime.…Motherneverbuysexpensivedressesforherself,butsheoftenbuyssomeinexpensivebuthighqualityclothesforus.

A.sheenjoyslisteningtoclassmusic.B.Shenevergoestoexpensiverestaurantstoenjoymeals.C.Mymotherishard—workingandneverwastesmoney.D.Asamother,shetakesgoodcareofusandgivesuseverycomfort.

段首第六頁，共43頁。Ex.2Notallpastpredictionshavebeenprovedwrong.______Somegreatthinkerspredictedthearrivalofthecreditcard,thefaxmachineandeventheinternet----yearsbeforetheyhappened.PredictionsoftheFutureAfewofthemhavebeensurprisinglyaccurate.(準(zhǔn)確(zhǔnquè)的)C.Ithasn’tappearyet.

段中第七頁，共43頁。

Ex.3NowadaysinChina,parentscareabouttheirchildren’seducationmorethananythingelse.Theyspendalotcoachingtheirchildrenintheirstudies.Someevenhireteachersfortheirchildren.Manyhavetheirchildrensenttoafter-classschools.____.Itseemsasifabettereducationisallthatparentsexpectfortheirchildren.Skillsandknowledgemeanscompetition.Skillsandknowledgedoesn’tmeanall.

段尾第八頁，共43頁。實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)語意連貫(liánguàn)和段落一致性第九頁，共43頁。It'sveryimportantforparentstohelptheirchildrenreducepressure.Whenyourchildisstressed,pleasetrythefollowingtips.1._______Pleaseaskyourchildwhatiswrong.Gethimorhertotalkabouhisorherproblemsandlistencarefully.A.StaytogetherwithyourchildB.AskandlistenC.Speakoutyourchild'sfeelingsD.LetyourchildexerciseandrelaxE.MakeyourchildanorganizedpersonB第十頁，共43頁。It'sveryimportantforparentstohelptheirchildrenreducepressure.Whenyourchildisstressed,pleasetrythefollowingtips.2._______Letyourchildknowthatyouworryabouthimorherbysayingsomethinglike“Youmustbeupset.”A.StaytogetherwithyourchildB.AskandlistenC.Speakoutyourchild'sfeelingsD.LetyourchildexerciseandrelaxE.MakeyourchildanorganizedpersonC第十一頁，共43頁。It'sveryimportantforparentstohelptheirchildrenreducepressure.Whenyourchildisstressed,pleasetrythefollowingtips.3._______Evenifyourchilddoesn'twanttotalk,heorshemaystillhopethatyoucanspendtimewithhimorher.Takingawalkorgoingtothemovieswithhimorhercanshowthatyoucareabouthimorher.A.StaytogetherwithyourchildB.AskandlistenC.Speakoutyourchild'sfeelingsD.LetyourchildexerciseandrelaxE.MakeyourchildanorganizedpersonA第十二頁，共43頁。It'sveryimportantforparentstohelptheirchildrenreducepressure.Whenyourchildisstressed,pleasetrythefollowingtips.4._______Teachyourchildgoodorganizationalskillsearly.Thiswillmakehisorherworkeasier.A.StaytogetherwithyourchildB.AskandlistenC.Speakoutyourchild'sfeelingsD.LetyourchildexerciseandrelaxE.MakeyourchildanorganizedpersonE第十三頁，共43頁。It'sveryimportantforparentstohelptheirchildrenreducepressure.Whenyourchildisstressed,pleasetrythefollowingtips.5._______Encourageyourchildtojoinasportsteamordosomerunning.Alsomakesureyourchildspendssometimedoingwhatheorsheenjoys.A.StaytogetherwithyourchildB.AskandlistenC.Speakoutyourchild'sfeelingsD.LetyourchildexerciseandrelaxE.MakeyourchildanorganizedpersonD第十四頁，共43頁。再練一次吧第十五頁，共43頁。

1.___________

Today,therearehundredsofdifferenttypesofrockmusic,andalmosteverycountryhasitsownformofrockmusic.Thereis“heavymetal”whichisveryloudwithhardrhythms,“rap”thatdevelopedonthestreetsofNewYork,“disco”,atypeofsoftrockmusicfordancing...andmanymore.A.RockandrollB.Whattoday’srockmusicislikeC.WhatpopularmusicisD.ThechangesofcountrymusicE.TraditionalfolkmusicF.WhatcountrymusicisB第十六頁，共43頁。2.___________

Rockandrollcamefromjazzandbluesduringthe1950s.OneofthefirstveryfamousrockandrollsingerswasElvisPresley.Now,almosteverycountryhasmanyrockandrollbandsandsingers.Someperformerscalltheirmusicbydifferentnames,likeraporpunk.A.RockandrollB.Whattoday’srockmusicislikeC.WhatpopularmusicisD.ThechangesofcountrymusicE.TraditionalfolkmusicF.WhatcountrymusicisA第十七頁，共43頁。

3.___________

Themusicthatmostpeopleliketosingandplaytodayiscalledpopularmusic.Thisincludesthesongsthatyouhearontheradio,inmovies,andonTV.Someofthemostpopularkindsofmusicnowarerockandrollandthecountrywesternmusic.A.RockandrollB.Whattoday’srockmusicislikeC.WhatpopularmusicisD.ThechangesofcountrymusicE.TraditionalfolkmusicF.Whatcountrymusicisc第十八頁，共43頁。4.___________

Countrymusicknownascountrywesternmusichasalonghistory.Itcomesfromthefolksongsofimmigrants(移民(yímín))fromBritain.Countrymusicusessimplemusicandwordstoexpresseverydayfeelingssuchasloneliness,loveandsadness.A.RockandrollB.Whattoday’srockmusicislikeC.WhatpopularmusicisD.ThechangesofcountrymusicE.TraditionalfolkmusicF.WhatcountrymusicisF第十九頁，共43頁。5.___________

CountrymusicbecamepopularfirstamongcowboysintheAmericanwesterncountryside.Cowboysusedtosingpeacefulandbeautifulsongstocalmanimalsandgetovertheirownfear.Inrecentyears,manymusicianshavemadecountrywesternmusicalittledifferentfromthemusicinthepast.Thesechangesmakethesongssoundevenbetter.

Choosetherighttopicforeachparagraphaccordingtothepassage.Oneofthemisnotuseful.A.RockandrollB.Whattoday’srockmusicislikeC.WhatpopularmusicisD.ThechangesofcountrymusicE.TraditionalfolkmusicF.WhatcountrymusicisD第二十頁，共43頁。細(xì)節(jié)(xìjié)判斷第二十一頁，共43頁。1)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)法復(fù)現(xiàn)，是保證文章前后銜接而經(jīng)常使用的一種寫作(xiězuò)手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置對(duì)同一個(gè)概念進(jìn)行重復(fù)描述。復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系，主要是指同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。

第二十二頁，共43頁。Ex1_______Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.Besides,inoursocietymostproblemscan'tbesolvedbyonepersonalone.Cooperationisbecomingoneofthemostimportantwaysforpeoplelivinginthedevelopingsociety.PartIPassage1A.Cooperationisalsonecessary.B．Failureisthemotherofsuccess,C．Thenwemaybeconfidentenoughtofacechallenges.D．WeratingCooperation第二十三頁，共43頁。2)詞匯同現(xiàn)法

詞匯同現(xiàn)是指屬于同一詞匯或者跟此詞匯相關(guān)同一領(lǐng)域的詞匯在文章(wénzhāng)中共同出現(xiàn)，達(dá)到語義銜接的目的。你可以在選項(xiàng)中找到與此詞匯最接近的詞，從而達(dá)到快而準(zhǔn)。一般來說，上下文中詞匯聯(lián)系越接近，上下文的銜接關(guān)系越緊密。第二十四頁，共43頁。Ex2….halfofshoppersrefusedtoqueueformorethanfiveminutesinahighstreetshop.TheInternet,whichallowsshopperstobuymoregoods,withjustaclickofthemouse,isoneofthereasonwhypeople’spatienceappearstobethin._________A.Itwastypicalinthepast.B.Butitwouldseemwearenolongerpreparedtowaitinline.C.MorepeopleprefertoclickthemouseforshoppingathomeD.Asaresult,foodanddrinksellersarehavingtofindnewwaystodelivergoodcustomerservice.第二十五頁，共43頁。Ex3…Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…Thefollowingareitsadvantages.However,theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.Consideradistanceeducation.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.第二十六頁，共43頁。3)代詞線索

英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)(gēnjù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。

第二十七頁，共43頁。

Ex3_________Theygivemorebackgroundanddetails.Theyalsoletyoureadpartsthatareimportanttoyouandskiptherest.BothtelevisionandtheInternethavemanydisadvantages.Otherhigh-techtimesavershavesimilardisadvantages.Newspapersandmagazineshavesomeimportantadvantages.TheyNewspapersandmagazinesread第二十八頁，共43頁。Ex4._________Itisaveryhappydayformanyboysandgirls.Beforethetermsendsinsomeschools,thechildrenactanativity（基督誕生(dànshēng)）or“birth”play,showinghowJesuswasborninastable(馬廄）。A.PeopleareoftenbusygoingshoppingB.NowtheChinesepeoplealsocelebrateChristmas.C.Theturkeyorchickenisquicklyeaten.D.ChristmasDayfallsonthetwenty—fiftyofDecember.第二十九頁，共43頁。Ex5…Thathappensinthe1980s.And,mostrecently,shesaysmanykindsofpeoplehavejoinedthemovement.________Theyrepresentmanyraces,regionsandpoliticalbeliefs.TheyaremainlyrichpeopleParentschoosehome—schoolingforseveralreasons.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers.Shesaystheseincluderichpeopleandpoorpeople.第三十頁，共43頁。

4)數(shù)字線索

包括具體數(shù)字以及和數(shù)字相關(guān)的詞匯等。作者列出數(shù)字，除了和其他數(shù)字進(jìn)行對(duì)比和比較之外，還可以用數(shù)據(jù)來說明一個(gè)(yīɡè)觀點(diǎn)。

第三十一頁，共43頁。℃Ex.6AsinChina,theweatherisdifferentfromareatoarea.___1____Thetemperaturescanfallto–60℃，whichis60℃belowfreezing.Inthecapital,Ottawa,theaverageofwintertemperatureis--10℃,andinsummer21℃.___2____TheaverageJanuarytemperatureis3℃,andinJulyitis18℃CanadaisfamousforthekindofpaperwhichisusedfornewspapersCanadaisthesecondlargestcountryintheworld.ThewestcoastofCanadaisthewarmestplaceinwinterIntheNorth,thewintersarelongandhardwithsnowforsixmonths.FortwocenturiesEnglishandFrenchsettlersstruggledagainsteachother.第三十二頁，共43頁。

(a)并列與遞進(jìn)(dìjìn)關(guān)系：and,or,also,either…nor…,either…or…,inthesameway,thatistosay,aswellas,thesame…as,besides,whatismore

5)邏輯關(guān)系線索(xiànsuǒ)第三十三頁，共43頁。

Ex.7

Animportantquestionabouteatingoutiswhopaysforthemeal.Ifafriendofyoursasksyoutohavelunchwithhim,youmaysaysomethinglikethis,"I'mafraidit'llhavetobesomeplacecheap,asIhaveverylittlemoney."Theotherpersonmaysay,"OK,I'llmeetyouatMcDonald's."

ThismeansthatthetwoagreetogoDutch,thatis,.

A.Thismeansthepersonwantstopayforbothofyou.B.Theyenjoythedeliciousfoodtogether.C.Eachpersonpaysforhimself.D.It’spolitetopayforothers.第三十四頁，共43頁。(b)因果關(guān)系：because,for,since,as,therefore,so,so…that,thanksto,asaresult,becauseof,forthisreason,ofcourse

第三十五頁，共43頁。Ex.7…_________Somechooseitbecauseoftheirreligiousbeliefs.Otherssayitprovidesmoretimeforthefamilytobetogether.Theysayhomeoffersabetterplaceforlearning.Someparents….A.Soanumberofparentsbeganhome-schoolingB.Home–schoolingisnotacceptedbyallthepeopleC.Parentschoosehome–schoolingforseveralreasonsD.Mostoften,theirparentsaretheirteachers第三十六頁，共43頁。(c)轉(zhuǎn)折(zhuǎnzhé)讓步關(guān)系：but,however,yet,ontheotherhand,unfortunately,while,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse,although,though