定語從句復(fù)習(xí)總結(jié)

定語從句復(fù)習(xí)１．限定性定語從句２．非限定性定語從句1YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2Thisisthepenwhichheboughtyesterday.3Thenumberofthepeoplethatcometovisitthecityeachyearrisesonemillion.4ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Canyoumakeoutthreeessentialelementsofarelativeclause?—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————定語從句三要素先行詞必須為名詞或者代詞關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞1引導(dǎo)定語從句2代替先行詞3在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分（此為關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞選擇的根據(jù)）定語從句其他成分1.限定性定語從句起限定作用，是主句中先行詞不可或缺的定語，關(guān)系十分密切，不用逗號(hào)分開，譯成漢語時(shí)通常譯在先行詞前，“……的”Theman_____spoketomejustnowisourteacher.Thehospital_____isbeingbuilttherewillbethelargestoneinourcity.Whoisthegirl_________youjustshookhandswith?Isthisthenewbook_____youboughtyesterday?Tomisthestudent_______pronunciationisthebestinourclass.Iliveintheroom____windowsfacesouth.Who/thatWhich/thatWho/whom/thatWhich/thatwhosewhose主格賓格所有格指代人指代物Who/thatWhom/who/that/-whoseWhich/thatWhich/that/-Whose/ofwhich當(dāng)whom在從句中作介詞賓語，且接在該介詞之后時(shí)，只能用whom不能用who.Themanwho/whomyouweretalkingabouthascometoinspectourschool.=Themanaboutwhomyouaretalkinghascometoinspectourschool.但有些含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞不能與其介詞分開，介詞必須放在相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞后．如lookafter,lookfor,putoff,giveup,takecareof,payattentionto等Thisistheproblem(that/which)thegovernmentshouldpayattentionto.注意分析關(guān)系代詞在從句中究竟是

作賓語還是主語ThisisprofessorLi,______Ithinkhassomethinginterestingtotellus.Ithink/Ibelieve/Iknow/everybodybelieves/thinks/knowswhoWhose&ofwhichThepathwhosesidesarecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.Thepaththesidesofwhicharecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.Thepathofwhichthesidesarecoveredwithtreesextendstotheforests.關(guān)系代詞只能用that的情況1.被修飾的先行詞既是人又是物．

Theytalkedaboutthefactoriesandworkers

thattheyhadvisited.2.被修飾的先行詞是all,much,little,everything,anything,nothing,none,theone等代詞時(shí)

I’minterestedinallthatyouhavetoldme.3.先行詞前面有形容詞最高級(jí)

ThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.4.先行詞前有only,any,few,little,no,all,oneof,very,every,some等修飾時(shí)．

Theonlythingthatwecandoistoaskourteacher’shelp.5.先行詞前面有序數(shù)詞或先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞時(shí)．

ThefirstEnglishfilmthatIsawwas‘OliverTwist’.WhenforeignerstalkaboutChina,thefirst

thatcomestomindistheGreatWall.6.在there/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，只用that，不用whichThereisatablethatstandsinthecorner.7.避免關(guān)聯(lián)詞在一個(gè)句中重復(fù)，用that

Whoisthemanthatismakingaspeechtothestudents?8.先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)表語，用thatHeisnolongertheboythatheusedtobe.定語從句的關(guān)系代詞指人不用that宜用who的情況先行詞為one,ones,anyone時(shí)

Anyone

whowantstogotocollegemuststudyhard.先行詞為those時(shí)

Those

whowanttogotocollegemuststudyhard.Thereisnothing_____canbeusedtoreplacetheworkofhumanbeings.Thisisthecoolestcellphone___Ihaveeverseen.Thefirstthing___youhavetodoisfindoutthetruth.Thisistheverylaptop____Iamdyingfor.Theonlystep___wecantakeatthemomentistoworkoutthedetailsoftheplan.Thebikeknockedoveragirlandherpet___werewalkinginthefront.Thisisnotthenaughtyboy____youthoughthimtobe.Who___hasbeenhelpedbyhimcanforgethisheroicaction?Godhelpsthose____helpthemselves.Hereisthepaper____youleftbehindtheotherday.關(guān)系代詞可省略的情況１．在定語從句中作賓語．２．充當(dāng)介詞賓語，介詞在相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞之后．Fortunately,Igotthejob(which/that)Iappliedfor.Fortunately,IgotthejobforwhichIapplied.3.在從句中作表語．Themoderncomputerisnotthemachine(that)itwaswhenfirstinvented.4.way后可省略inwhich,that.Oneof&theonlyoneofTomisoneofthestudentswho_____goodatEnglish.Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_____goodatEnglish.areis關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞可以用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，這些副詞實(shí)際上代表介詞＋關(guān)系代詞，在從句中作狀語．Theoffice____________heworksisonthesecondfloor.Iwanttoknowthereason__________youwereabsent.Thisisthereason___________hegaveus.Istillremembertheday______________Ifirstcamehere.Theyworkinafactory____________makesradioparts._____________radiopartsaremade.Idon’tliketheway_________________youtalk.Theywereinadifficultsituation___________alleffortswereinvain.Weareinaposition____________wemaylosealargesumofmoney.Where/inwhichWhy/forwhichWhich/thatWhen/onwhichWhich/thatWhere/inwhichInwhich/that/-Where/inwhichWhere/inwhich注意Isthisthemuseum_________theancientChinesepaintingsareondisplay?Isthisthemuseum_______youvisitedtheotherday?Isthismuseum________(that)youvisitedtheotherday?theone為先行詞Where/inwhichWhich/thattheone關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞選擇難題解析1Iwillrememberthedays_________wespenttogether.2Iwillrememberthedays_________weworkedhere.1Thisistheplace__________wevisitedlastyear.2Thisistheplace__________westudiedlastyear.1Thereason_________hegavemethismorningisnottrue.2Thereason_________hewaslateforschoolisnottrue.1Isthisfactory___________youworkedlastyear?2Isthisthefactory________youworkedlastyear?1Heistheonlyoneofthestudents__________abletoworkouttheproblem.2Heisoneofthestudents___________abletoworkouttheproblem.Beingwithmyformerclassmatestogetherisahappymoment,________lwilltreasureforever.AoneBthatCitDthis２．非限定性定語從句只對(duì)主句中的先行詞作附加說明，關(guān)系不密切，如果省去從句，主句表達(dá)的概念依然明確，完整．非限定性定語從句要用逗號(hào)與主句分開，不能用that連接，也不能用why連接．Shehastwosons,___arebothscientists.ThismorningImetMrLi,_____bookjustbeenpublished,Icameherebybus,_____wasverycrowded.Beijing,_______helivedforalongtime,isthecapitalofChina.Thesungivestheearthheat,_____makesitpossibleforplantstogrow.Iaskedthemtohavedinnerwithme,_______theydid.whosewhowhichwhichwhichwhereThestudents,someof_____hadalreadystartedtoleavetheclassroomwerecalledbackbytheteacher.Thesearetwodifferentwords,thespellingof_____areeasilyconfused.Hehastwosons,bothof_____aredoctors.Hehastwosons,andbothof_____aredoctors.Thegirl,____bagwasstolen,isanAmerican.whomwhichwhomthemwhoseas作關(guān)系代詞的運(yùn)用as在定語從句中作主語，賓語和表語，通常用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…asHeisnotsuchafoolashelooks.thesame…as…和thesame…that…的區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的定語從句，表示它的內(nèi)容與主句內(nèi)容“相似”，指同一類．而that引導(dǎo)的定語從句表示它的內(nèi)容與主句“相同”，指同一物．a(chǎn)s可采取省略形式，that不可以比較1.Such+n.…as…,so+adj.…as…,（定從）

Itissuchaprettyhouseaseveryonewantstovisit.Itissoprettyahouseaseveryonewantstovisit.2.Such….that,so…..that(狀語從句）Itissuchaprettyhousethateveryonewantstovisitit.3.Thesame…as,thesame….that(像…一類）（同一個(gè)東西或人）SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.Sheworethesamedressasheryoungsisterwore.Iamofthesameopinionasyouare.(同一類）Heisthesameboythatcametoknockatthedooryesterday.（同一物）Hereissoheavyacaseasnoonecanmove.（定語從句，作賓語）Hereissoheavyacasethatnoonecanmoveit.（狀語從句，不作成分）as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，常用來說明整個(gè)主句，作為“正如”“像…那樣”,asyouknow,asyousee,asismentionedabove,asisknowntoall,asyoumayremember…多為肯定句，固定搭配．Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.ItisknowntoallthatTaiwanisapartofChina.Asisexpected,thenewsistrue.Todaythelazymanarrivedontime,whichwasunexpected.“as+is/was+過去分詞”中，is/was可省略．Which引導(dǎo)的不可以．Lincolnwasshotinatheater,as(was)describedinthisfilm.Accordingtothefollowingsentencces,canyoutellmethedifferencebetween“as”and“which”?1He