An Introduction toDatabase Systems 資料庫(kù)系統(tǒng)課件

AnIntroductionto

DatabaseSystems

資料庫(kù)系統(tǒng)陳日昌Fall20091Contents內(nèi)容綱要Introduction(1wk)SQL:DMLandDDL(4wks)ConstraintsandTriggers(1wk),E/Rmodeling(2wks)andE/RCASETool(2wks)FunctionalDependencies(1wk),SqliteorPostgres(optional)DrillsandExams2Whylearnthis?

我可以學(xué)到什麼？目標(biāo)資料庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的基本知識(shí)操作資料庫(kù)的方法(DataManipulation)分析並定義資料庫(kù)(ModelingandDefinition)程式介面(ProgrammingInterface)工作與就業(yè)能力3Syllabus授課規(guī)定時(shí)間：每週三小時(shí)Textbook課本：講義與Internet作業(yè)就是考試題目課堂時(shí)間規(guī)定：請(qǐng)尊重他人權(quán)益聯(lián)絡(luò)：Subject:[DB4S]主旨例如:[DB4S]考試時(shí)間?5主要參考書(shū)與網(wǎng)路資料DatabaseSystemsTheCompleteBook,(“DSCB”)Garcia-Molina,Ullman,WidomJeffUllman'sofferingoftheCS145courseintheAutumnof2004Chap1-2FreeDownload滄海書(shū)局6圖書(shū)館「指定參考書(shū)」“Database–Design,ApplicationDevelopment&Administration,”2ndEd.MichaelV.Mannino資料庫(kù)管理設(shè)計(jì)及其應(yīng)用翻譯：劉金順普林斯頓出版高立圖書(shū)7CourseWebsite

講義資料請(qǐng)自行查看講義並下載軟體多媒體補(bǔ)救教學(xué)資料有關(guān)英文從Keywords〈關(guān)鍵字〉學(xué)起把握技術(shù)英文以及常用字：一再出現(xiàn)才查正確觀念：不必恐懼或崇拜9Grading作業(yè)與考試評(píng)分Midterm50pts,Final40pts,other10pts上機(jī)實(shí)作考試OpenbookandnotesNodiscussion,nocommunication(獨(dú)立作業(yè))1makeup*作弊？當(dāng)?shù)簦](méi)有補(bǔ)考或補(bǔ)救方法延畢？依照校規(guī)處理10Questions?歡迎提問(wèn)11Chapter1(DSCB)

TheWorldsofDatabaseSystemsDatabasesareeverywhere!Internalrecordsandmanagement內(nèi)部管理Presentingdata(e.g.,WWW)ScientificorengineeringdataSpecializedsoftwareforthisiscalledadatabasemanagementsystem,DBMS,orsimply“databasesystem.”13KeyFeaturesPersistentstorage–morethanaProgramminginterface–throughapowerfulquerylanguageTransactionmanagement–supportsconcurrent,i.e.,simultaneous,accesstodatabymultipleprocesses(called“transactions”–「交易」)14“Whatisadatabase?”通常只是持續(xù)存在多年的一些資訊常識(shí)上而言–由DBMS管理的一些資訊DBMS通常能夠提供以下功能經(jīng)由Data-DefinitionLanguage(DDL)定義新資料庫(kù)或稱Schema經(jīng)由Data-ManipulationLanguage(DML)或稱QueryLanguage讓使用者詢問(wèn)或修改大量資料、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、多使用者同時(shí)使用15“RelationalDatabases”

TedCodd,1970Asimpleviewofdataintablesorcalledrelations排名出賽戰(zhàn)績(jī)勝率勝差誠(chéng)泰7140勝7和24敗0.6250興農(nóng)7036勝5和29敗0.5544.5兄弟7336勝4和33敗0.5226.5統(tǒng)一7133勝2和36敗0.4789.5中信7232勝2和38敗0.4571117DSCBExampleArelationnamedAccountsaccountNobalancetype123451000.00savings678902846.92checking………欄位名稱Attributes(屬性)如accountNo,balance,type.資料列稱為Rows或Tuples18SomeQueries要查帳號(hào)67890的餘額SELECTbalanceFROMAccountsWHEREaccountNo=67890要查儲(chǔ)蓄餘額為負(fù)的帳號(hào)SELECTaccountNoFROMAccountsWHEREtype=‘saving’ANDbalance<0存取、處理詢問(wèn)、增進(jìn)處理效率等問(wèn)題都交給資料庫(kù)管理系統(tǒng)19Client-ServerandMulti-TierArchitecture客戶-伺服器Two-Tier(兩層)到Three-Tier(三層)Client-Webserver-DBMSFour-Tier(四層)Client-Webserver-ApplicationServer-DBMSMore…21EmbeddedDatabases不區(qū)分客戶-伺服器，附帶於單一程式內(nèi)例如SQLite()使用於：Mozilla(browser)Symbian(SmartphoneOS)iPhone(Applesmartphone)gPhone(Googlesmartphone)22MultimediaDataVideo,images,audio,andother“signals.”“BLOB”(BLockOfBinary)datatypeHowtosearchforaparticularblobdata?Forexample,googleimagesearchOO(ObjectOriented)approachMultimediadatadeliveryisnotconventional;音樂(lè)/電影資料庫(kù)的播放23OverviewofaDBMS

(Fig.1.1,DSCB)DMLprocessingQuerycompilerExecutionengine,buffermanager,storagemanagerTransactionprocessingTransactionmanagerLoggingandrecoveryConcurrencycon