閱讀理解之說明文-沖刺2022年中考英語名校好題集錦（廣東）（解析版）

2022屆名校最新素材各地模擬試題好題集錦（廣東專用）

04閱讀理解之說明文

（2022?廣東?深圳市高級中學二模）

ThreeChineseastronautsfromtheShenzhou-13mannedspaceshipreturnedtotheEarthafter

completingtheirsix-monthmission.Oneoftheirmajorgoalswastopreparethestationforfuturegroupsof

taikonauts（中國航天員）whowillcompletetheassemblyofthespacestation.

Thankstoanewquickreturnprocedurecarriedoutforthefirsttime,Shenzhou-13?sreturntriplasted

aboutninehoursratherthanthe24-hourtripforShenzhou-12,withthereturncapsuleonlycirclingthe

Earthfivetimesbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbitinsteadof11timesasinpastmissions.

TheShenzhou-13crewwasresponsiblefortakingoutsomeofthescienceinstrumentstobeusedfor

experimentsonthestation.Theyalsoperformedtwospacewalks,conductedmorethan20differentscience

experimentsinadditiontodeliveringtwoliveeducationallectures.

TaikonautWangYaping,whogavethefirstpublicclassfromtheTiangong-1spacestation,gavetwo

suchclassesonthistriptoTiangong-2,whichwereviewedbymillionsofschoolchildreninChina.

Inaddition,thetaikonautsweresentquestionsfrom20schoolsin13U.S.statesbyAmericanschool

children.Thepre-recordedquestionsandresponsesweresharedwithstudents,parentsandteachersata

“MyQuestionstoTaikonauts^^eventonApril9sponsoredbytheChineseEmbassyinWashington,D.C.

Thiswasthefirstsix-monthmission,whichwillgivethoseonthegroundtheopportunitytostudythe

effectsofthelongerdurationmissiononthetaikonauts,especiallyontheageingprocess.Thesix-month

staywillbecommonforastronautsinthefuture.

VisitingtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenteronApril15,ChinesePresidentXiJinpingsaidthatthe

facilityservesChina'snew-generation,heavy-liftcarrier（運載）rocketsandplaysasignificantroleinthe

country'sdeep-spaceexploration.TheChinesePresidentcalledfbreffortstoachieve"world-leading

standards"fbrChina'sspacecraftlaunchfacilities.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assembly“probablymean?

A.Building.B.Discovery.C.Invention.D.Imagination.

2.WhatistheimprovementofShenzhou-135sreturntripbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbit?

A.ItlastedaboutninehourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEartheleventimes

B.Itlastedabout24hourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEartheleventimes.

C.ItlastedaboutninehourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEarthfivetimes.

D.Itlastedabout24hourswiththereturncapsulecirclingtheEarthfivetimes.

3.Shenzhou-13astronautsdidthefollowingexcept.

A.deliveredtwoliveeducationallectures

B.studiedtheeffectsofageingprocess

C.answeredquestionsfromAmericanchildren

D.conductedmanydifferentscienceexperiments

4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.TheChinesePresidentXiJinpingvisitedTaiyuanSpaceLaunchCenter.

B.China'sspacecraftlaunchfacilitieshavebecome"world-leadingstandard”.

C.Thesix-monthstaywillbecommonforastronautsinthefuture.

D.Thefacilityisimportantforthecountry'sdeep-spaceexploration.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TheOnlineLecturesinShenzhou-13B.TheReturnofShenzhou-13totheEarth

C?TheLivesofShenzhou-13AstronautsinSpaceD.TheWorld-leadingSpacecraft:Shenzhou-13

【答案】

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.B

【解析】本文主要介紹了神舟13號宇宙飛船順利返回地球，介紹了這次它的任務以及所取得的成就。

1.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Oneoftheirmajorgoalswastopreparethestationfbrfuturegroupsoftaikonauts

（中國航天員）whowillcompletetheassemblyofthespacestation”可知，其中一個主要任務是為未來

兒組航天員完成空間站的組裝建造做好準備，所以assembly與building同義，故選A。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Shenzhou-13'sreturntriplastedaboutninehoursratherthanthe24-hourtripfor

Shenzhou-12,withthereturncapsuleonlycirclingtheEarthfivetimesbeforeenteringitsfinalreturnorbit

insteadof11timesasinpastmissions”可知，這次的神舟13號返回艙繞地球5圈，歷時約9個小時，

故選Co

3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“conductedmorethan20differentscienceexperimentsinadditiontodeliveringtwo

liveeducationallectures”以及"thetaikonautsweresentquestionsfrom20schoolsin13U.S.statesby

Americanschoolchildren”可知，神舟-13號并沒有研究老化過程的影響，故選B。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"thefacilityservesChina'snew-generation,heavy-liftcarrier（運載）rocketsandplays

asignificantroleinthecountry'sdeep-spaceexploration”可知，該設施對中國的深空探測很重要，故選

Do

5.最佳標題。本文圍繞“神舟13號順利返回地球”為線索,介紹了它的意義，所以B選項“神舟十三

號返回地球”符合本文標題，故選瓦

（2022?廣東?深圳市高級中學二模）

Aseaturtleswimsthroughthewaterandspotsawhiteobjectfloatingnearthesurface.€tYum!^^it

thinks.ctAjellyfish!^^Chasingafteritsdinner,theturtleswallowstheitem.Butthefloatingobjectisn'ta

jellyfish—it'saplasticbagthatcouldmaketheseaturtlesick.Thisseacreatureisn'talone:Over700

speciesofmarineanimalshavebeenreportedtohaveeatenorbeentrappedinplastic.Scientiststhinkthat

theamountofplasticintheoceanmighttriple（三倍）by2050.Butbyunderstandingtheissueandtaking

action,youcanhelpstopthatfromhappening.

WHAT，STHEPROBLEMWITHPLASTIC?

First,let'sgetreal:Notallplasticisbad.Bikehelmets,carairbags,andmanymedicalsuppliesmade

withplasticsavelives.Plasticwaterbottlescanbringcleandrinkingwatertopeoplewhodon'thaveit,and

plasticstrawscanhelppeoplewithdisabilitiesdrink.Theproblemisthatmostofususeandthenthrow

awaymoreplasticthanweneed:thingslikegrocerybags,drinkbottles,straws,foodwrappers,andplastic

packagingaroundtoys.Thiskindofplasticthat'susedonlyoncebeforebeingthrownawayiscalled

single-useplastic,anditmakesupmorethan40percentofallplastictrash.

WHEREDOESTHEPLASTICGO?

Thereisalotoftrash.Scientiststhinkthat8.8milliontonsofplasticwindsupintheoceaneveryyear.

Howdoesitgetintothesea?Plasticleftonthegroundaslitteroftenblowsintocreeksandrivers,

eventuallyendingupintheocean.Andbecauseplastictrashisdifferentfromothertypesofwaste一it

doesn'tdecomposeC分解）backintonaturelikeanapplecoreorabananapeel—itstaysintheoceanforever.

Thatmeansfishingnetsthrownintotheseacantrapanimalsandharmfulstrawscanbemistakenasfood.

WHATCANWEDOABOUTIT?

YoucandosomuchtohelpkeepEarthclean!Youcanlookathowmuchsingle-useplasticyour

familyusesbyfillingoutaplasticjournalforaweek-thentalkingaboutwhatyoucandotouseless.By

workingtogether,ourchoicescanhelpsaveanimalsandtheoceantheylivein.

6.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Theseaturtlehaseatenajellyfishasitsdinner.B.Seacreatureslikeeatingthefloatingobject.

C.Theseaturtleisnotalonetoeatthejellyfish.D.Moreandmoreplasticwillappearinthesea.

7.WhatistheproblemofplasticaccordingtoParagraph2?

A.Plasticcansavepeople'slives.B.Plasticcanbeusedonlyonce.

C.Plasticcanhelpthedisabledtodrink.D.Plasticcanproducealotofrubbish.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?

A.Plastictrash.B.Abananapeel.C.Fishingnet.D.Anapplecore.

9.What'stheauthor'swritingpurposeaccordingtothepassage?

A.Totellusaplasticbagthatcouldmaketheseaturtlesick.

B.Tocallforouractionagainstplasticpollution.

C.Toshowafactthatnotallplasticisbad.

D.TohelpsaveanimalsandkeeptheEarthclean.

10.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.HowtoUsePlasticB.AStoryofASeaTurtle

C.PlasticPollutionD.PlasticSavesLives

【答案】

6.D

7.D

8.A

9.B

10.C

【解析】本文主要講述了塑料污染對海洋生物的危害以及我們可以做什么阻止塑料污染。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Scientiststhinkthattheamountofplasticintheoceanmighttriple（三倍）by2050”

可知塑料污染在未來會越來越嚴重。故選D。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Theproblemisthatmostofususeandthenthrowawaymoreplasticthanweneed:

thingslikegrocerybags.「可知雖然塑料有很多用處，但是問題是很多人用完塑料之后就扔了，就會

造成很多垃圾。故選D。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Andbecauseplastictrashisdifferentfromothertypesofwaste—itdoesn't

decompose（分解）backintonaturelikeanapplecoreorabananapeel-itstaysintheoceanfbrever.“可

知塑料垃圾不能分解，所以它會永遠留在海洋中，故此處在指代“塑料垃圾故選A。

9.主旨大意題。本文主要講述了塑料污染對海洋生物的危害，號召我們采取行動來阻止塑料污染。

故選B“

10.最佳標題題。本文主要講述了塑料污染對海洋生物的危害以及我們可以做什么阻止塑料污染，

故以選項C“塑料污染”為標題更合適。故選C。

（2022?廣東汕頭?一模）

DuringtheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,thepanda-themedmascot（吉祥物），BingDwenDwen,

becomesasuperstar.Peopleofallagesandfromdifferentcountriesloveit.Butdoyouknowsincewhena

mascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympicgames?

ThefirstmascotintheOlympicsgameswasacartooncharacteratthe1968GrenobleWinter

Olympics,althoughitwasnotanofficialmascot.Thischaracterwasdesigned（設計）byFrenchmanAline

Lafargue.ThenameofthemascotwasSchuss.ItwasdesignedonlyoverasinglenightbeforetheOlympic

Gameswereabouttostart.Thecharacterwaslikealittlemanonaski（滑雪）boardpaintedinthecolorsof

France:blue,red,andwhite.

However,thefirstofficialmascotwasmadepublicinthe1972MunichOlympics.Itwasdesignedby

ElenaWinschermann.ItwascalledWalditheDachshund（WeinerDog）.Waldi'sideafirsttookshapethree

yearsbeforethegamesataChristmaspartywherethedesignersweregivencolorpensandwereaskedto

doodleanythingthattheythinkcanrepresent（代表）thegamesandthecountryaswell.

Thesuccessofthesefirstmascotshelpedthemascotsbecomeanofficialsymbolofthegamesand

theybecamenecessaryforeveryeditionwhichtookplacefrom1980.Themascotsaredesignedtoshow

theexcitementaroundthecountryandarefilledwithbrightcolorstogiveitalookofafestival.

11.WhyisBingDwenDwenmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toshowitsbeauty.B.Toprovetheimportanceofmascots.

C.Toleadinthetopicofthepassage.D.TotellsomethingaboutWinterOlympics.

12.Whatdoesthefirstmascotlooklike?

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“doodle“meaninParagraph3?

A.tobuildB.todrawC.tochangeD.tocover

14.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthefirstofficialmascotoftheOlympicGames?

A.Itwasdesignedoveronenight.B.ItwasdesignedataChristmasparty.

C.Itwasapanda-themedmascot.D.Itscolorwasblue,redandwhite.

15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.SomedesignersofOlympicsmascots.B.ThehistoryofOlympicsmascots.

C.HowtodesignanOlympicsmascot.D.WhyOlympicsmascotsareimportant.

【答案】

11.C

12.A

13.B

14.B

15.B

【解析】本文介紹了奧運會吉祥物的發(fā)明歷史。

11.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"ButdoyouknowsincewhenamascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympic

games?”及后面介紹奧運會吉祥物的發(fā)明歷史可知，第一段提到冰墩墩是為了引出文章的主題。故選

Co

12.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thecharacterwaslikealittlemanonaski（滑雪）boardpaintedinthe

colorsofFrance:blue,red,andwhite.“可知，第一個吉祥物就像一個站在滑雪板上的小人，涂上了法國

的藍、紅、白三種顏色。故選A。

13.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“…wherethedesignersweregivencolorpensandwereaskedtodoodleanything

thattheythinkcanrepresent（代表）thegamesandthecountryaswell.”可知，當時設計師們拿到了彩筆，

并被要求在他們認為可以代表奧運會和國家的任何東西上涂鴉。設計師們拿彩筆，所以應該是用彩

筆畫畫。故選B。

14.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Waldi'sideafirsttookshapethreeyearsbeforethegamesataChristmasparty

where...”可知，瓦爾迪對于奧運會第一個官方吉祥物的想法最初是在奧運會開幕三年前的一次圣誕派

對上形成的，選項B表述正確。故選B。

15.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“ButdoyouknowsincewhenamascothasbecomeanimportantpartintheOlympic

games?”及全文內(nèi)容可知，本文介紹了奧運會吉祥物的發(fā)明歷史。故選B。

（2022?廣東汕頭?一模）

Arecord1,101manateesdiedinFloridalastyear,manyfromhunger.SolastDecember,government

wildlifeexpertscameupwithaplantogivefoodtothemanatees.Theydecidedtofeedthemgreen

vegetableslikelettuceandcabbage.RonMezich,anexpert,said,“We'remakingadifference."Sofar,they

haveservedupmorethan193,000poundsoflettucetohungrymanatees.Butastheweatherisgetting

warm,theprogramisexpectedtoendsoon.

Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatliveinthesea.That'sone

reasonwhythey5resometimescalled“seacows”.Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUS

government'slistofendangeredanimals.Mostdangerstomanateescomefromhumans.Oneofthebiggest

problemsfacingtheanimalsareboats.Manateesarecurious（好奇的）andfairlyslow.Thathasledto

thousandsofmanateesbeinghitorkilledbyboats.Atonepoint,therewereonlyabout2,000manateesleft

inFlorida.Withprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000manatees.

However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain.Warming

seaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）ontheocean'ssurface.Thealgaeblocks

thesunlightthatallowstheseagrasstogrow.InIndianRiverLagoon,wheremanateesoftengointhe

winter,about90%oftheseagrassbedstherehavediedoff.Longterm,Floridawillworktohelprestore

（恢復）seagrassbeds.Butthatwilltaketime.Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescould

starvethiswinter.

16.Whyaremanateessometimescalled“seacows”？

A.Theyareasbigascows.B.Theycanswimlikecows.

C.Theyhavetailslikecows.D.Theyfeedonplantslikecows.

17.Howhasthenumberofmanateeschangedoveryears?

1967

18.Whichshowsthecorrectorderofthecausesofmanatees5death?

A.seapollution—>growthofalgae—>deathofseegrass—deathofmanatees

B.growthofalgae一seapollution—deathofseegrass一deathofmanatees

C.seapollution—>deathofseegrass—*growthofalgae—deathofmanatees

D.growthofalgae—deathofseegrass—seapollution—deathofmanatees

19.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“starve"?

A.tobehitbyboatsB.toeatupseagrass

C.todiefromhungerD.toloseswimmingability

20.Whichisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ManateesFeedingProgramB.MoneyGiventoSaveManatees

C.SeaGrassBedRestoredforManateesD.ReasonsforManatees,DeathStillUnclear

【答案】

16.D

17.B

18.A

19.C

20.A

【解析】本文主要介紹了海牛所面臨的問題以及政府的保護措施。

16.細節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)“Manateesarehugeseaanimalsthatonlyeatseagrassandotherplantsthatlivein

thesea.Thafsonereasonwhythey'resometimescalled“seacows'"'可知，因為它們像牛一樣以植物為

食，故選D。

17.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Since1967,Florida'smanateeshavebeenontheUSgovernment'slistof

endangeredanimals,,44Withprotection,thenumberincreased.In2016,thereweremorethan6,000

manatees”可知，1967年海牛的數(shù)量是比較低的，在政府的保護下，2016年數(shù)量有所增長，結合

"However,asseagrassbegantodisappear,thenumberofmanateeskeepsgoingdownagain”可知，現(xiàn)在乂

因為海草的問題，海牛的數(shù)量又下降了，B選項符合，故選B。

18.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wanningseaswithpollutedwaterhavecreatedhugegrowthsofalgae（藻）onthe

ocean'ssurface”可知，海水的污染造成了海藻的生長，所以先是seapollution,再是growthofalgae,

A選項符合，故選A。

19.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Scientistsstillworrythathundredsmoremanateescouldstarvethiswinter”及前文

描述可知，海草因為污染導致數(shù)量減少，而以海草為生的海?？赡軙驗榘ゐI而死亡，所以starve

與todiefromhunger同義，故選Co

20.最佳標題題。本文通過描述海牛所面臨的問題，來介紹政府為此想出的拯救計劃，所以最合適

本文的標題是"ManateesFeedingProgram”，故選A。

（2022?廣東?東莞外國語學校一模）

Orderingtakeoutsisverypopularnowadaysbecauseitisconvenient.Morethan60percentofthe

peopleinChinaordertakeoutfoodatleasttwiceaweek.Ifpeopledon'twanttoeatout,theycanjustorder

takeoutsonthesmartphoneandwaitforittobedelivered（送達）.

Whataboutpeoplelivinginancienttimes?Didtheyeattakeouts?

Infact,therewastakeoutasfarbackastheSongDynasty.Accordingtohistorybooks,Emperor

Xiaozong（1127-1194）likedtoordertakeoutslateatnight.Hisservantsthenwentaroundthecitytopick

upthedishesandbringthembacktothepalace.

Ordinary（普通的）peoplealsoorderedtakeouts.Restaurantwaiterswouldgooutintothestreetsand

yelloutwhichdishescouldbeorderedthatday.Afterhearingthewaiters,peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.

Later,deliveryworkerswouldbringfoodtotheirhomes.InthefamousSongDynastypaintingAlongthe

RiverDuringtheQingming（《:青9］上:可圖》），atakeoutworkercanbeseenonadeliverywithfood

inhand.

Peopleatthattimeevenhadaspecialmealboxfortakeoutdishes.Itwasalongwoodenboxwith

severallayers.Peoplealsousedwarmingplatesmadeoftwolayersofporcelain（瓷）.Hotwatercouldbe

putbetweenthemtokeepdisheswarm.

21.TheunderlinedwordinPara1probablyrefersto（指的是）.

A.eatingoutB.thesmartphoneC.takeoutD.aphonecall

22.Accordingtothepassage,takeouthasalonghistoryofaboutyearsinChina.

A.900B.1,100C.1,000D.2,000

23.Theunderlinedword"yeH"probablymeans.

A.throwB.findC.giveD.shout

24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Manypeopleliketoordertakeoutsnowadays.

B.OnlytheEmperorcouldordertakeoutsinancienttimes.

C.PeoplecanseeatakeoutworkerinAlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival.

D.PeopleusedspecialwoodenboxesfortakeoutdishesinancientChina.

25.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.TakeoutinAncientChinaB.Theemperorwholikedtakeouts

C.ThepopularityoftakeoutinmodemChinaD.ThewaytoordertakeoutsinancientChina

【答案】

21.C

22.A

23.D

24.B

25.A

【解析】本文主要介紹了中國古代的外賣。

21.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)"Ifpeopledon'twanttoeatout,theycanjustordertakeoutsonthesmartphoneand

waitforittobedelivered（送達）可知，如果人們不想出去吃飯，他們可以通過智能手機訂購外賣，

然后等待外賣送達。it指代takeout“外賣”。故選C。

22.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Accordingtohistorybooks,EmperorXiaozong（1127-1194）likedtoordertakeouts

lateatnight.“可知,外賣在中國已有900多年的歷史。故選A。

23.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)"Restaurantwaiterswouldgooutintothestreetsandyelloutwhichdishescouldbe

orderedthatday.Afterhearingthewaiters,peoplecouldthenplaceanorder.”可知，餐館服務員會走上街

頭，大聲喊出當天可以點什么菜。在聽到服務員的聲音后，人們可以下訂單。yell與shout同義，表

示“叫喊:故選D。

24.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Ordinary（普通的）peoplealsoorderedtakeouts.”可知，普通人也點外賣，B選

項表述錯誤。故選B。

25.最佳標題題。根據(jù)"Whataboutpeoplelivinginancienttimes?Didtheyeattakeouts?”及全文可知，

本文主要介紹了中國古代的外賣。故A選項“中國古代的外賣”符合題意。故選A。

（2022?廣東河源?一模）

Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbedangerouslyoverweight.

Nineyearsagoonlyoneineightwasobese（月巴胖）.NowadaysinfiveAmericansoneisobeseandthe

numbercontinuestorise.Oneoftheproblemsisthebigamountsofwhattheyeat.Thedrinkandfood

portions（分量）aresolargeinAmericathatanewvocabularyhasappearedonthemenustofittheportions.

Foodsizesnolongerstopatlarge,butrunthroughjumbo,supreme,monsterandsupersize.

Everybodyisnotonlyeatingmore,butalsoconsumingmoreandmorejunkfood.Andeverybody

knowswhatfoodlikethiscandototheirweightandhealth.Americanseatabout20teaspoonsofsugara

day,twicethesuggestedsafeamountand25percentmorethan10yearsago.

Besides,mostoftheAmericanssitatadeskallday,gopastadrive-throughrestaurant,headhome,

openthegaragedoorandheadfbrthearmchair,televisionwithvoicecontrolandmobilephonerestingon

thearms.Everythingiselectric,andeverythinghasbeenmotorizedorelectrified.

ThegrowthofobesityamongchildrenisalsoworryingAmericanhealthexperts.Childrenare

spendinglonghourssitting,watchingTV,surfingtheInternetorplayingcomputergames.Asaresult,12

percentofteenagersareoverweight.

TheCenterforDiseaseControlhasalreadywarnedthenationaboutanepidemic（泛濫）ofobesity,but

itishardforpeopletogiveuptheireatinghabitseveniftheyknowaboutthehealthriskstheyrun.

26.ThenumbersmentionedinParagraph1is.

A.towarnAmericansaboutthedangerofobesity

B.toshowtheimprovementoflivingstandardsinAmerica

C.toshowthesharpincreaseinobesepopulationoftheUSA

D.tocomparethegrowthofobesitybetweenAmericaandChina

27.Theunderlinedword"consuming”means”

A.eatingB.sellingC.throwingD.preparing

28.Whatcanyouindicate（推斷）fromParagraph4?

A.SomeofthechildreninAmericadon'thavehealthyhabits.

B.MostoftheAmericansaretoolazytodothingsthemselves.

C.Americansarebecominglazybecauseeverythingismotorizedorelectrified.

D.Only12percentofteenagersareoverweightsothere'snothingtoworryabout.

29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Anewvocabularyhasappearedonthemenustofitthelargerportion.

B.Thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyhasfreedpeople'shands.

C.Americansgotodrive-throughrestaurantsbecausetheydon'thavetimetomakedinner.

D.Peopleknowwhattheireatinghabitswilldolotheirhealthbuttheycan'tgivethemup.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThegrowthofobesityamongAmericansB.Unhealthyeatinghabits

C.Morefood,moreobesityD.Healthrisksofobesity

【答案】

26.C

27.A

28.A

29.C

30.A

【解析】本文介紹了美國人過于肥胖的現(xiàn)狀，并介紹了原因。

26.推理判斷題°根據(jù)“Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbe

dangerouslyoverweight.Nineyearsagoonlyoneineightwasobese（月匕胖）.NowadaysinfiveAmericans

oneisobeseandthenumbercontinuestorise.”可知第一段主要介紹了美國肥胖人口的增長。故選C。

27.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)"Everybodyisnotonlyeatingmore,butalsoconsumingmoreandmorejunkfbod.^^

可知美國人不止多吃了，而且也吃更多的垃圾食品。故選A。

28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"Childrenarespendinglonghourssitting,watchingTV,surfingtheInternetor

playingcomputergames”可知一些美國孩子長時間坐著，看電視，上網(wǎng)或者打游戲，這些是造成肥胖

的壞習慣。故選A。

29.推理判斷題°根據(jù)“Everythingiselectric,andeverythinghasbeenmotorizedorelectrified.”可知很

多東西都是電動和自動的，所以很多事都不用自己做，但是并沒有介紹他們?nèi)ッ庀萝嚥宛^是因為沒

時間做飯。故選C。

30.最佳標題。根據(jù)“Itiscalculatedthatbytheyear2230,theentirepopulationoftheUSAwillbe

dangerouslyoverweight.”可知本文主要介紹了美國肥胖人口的上升，因此A選項符合。故選A。

（2022,廣東?深圳市高級中學二模）

WhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass,amonitorafewhundred

milesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.

UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer'sLosAngelesapartment,themonitorinPhoenixtracked

howfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossible

helperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked-remotely-topreventInternetsearches,andhertyping

stylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas:Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthe

samespeedasshehadinthepast?Orwassheslowingdown?

Inthebattleagainstcheating,thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyinthebooming

fieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem,totheinstitutionandtoonline

educationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating,expertssay,canInternetuniversitiesshow

thattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid-thatstudentshaven'tjustsearchedtheInternettogettheright

answers.

Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade,theconcernovercheatinghasbecome

sharperinthelastyearwiththegrowthof“openonlinecourses.^^Privatecolleges,publicuniversitiesand

corporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield,spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotential

students,whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.Asidefromthewebcameras,a

numberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthat

checkstudents'identitiesusingpersonalinformation,suchasthetelephonenumbertheyonceused.

Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexambydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognize

possiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.

Asinmanyuniversityclasses,termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.

31.WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?

A.Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.B.Tofindhersecretsintheroom.

C.Topreventherfromslowingdown.D.Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.

32.TheunderlinedexpressioncullingedgeinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto.

A.advancedtechniqueB.shaq)eningtoolC.effectiveruleD.dividingline

33.ForInternetuniversities,examsanddiplomaswillbevalidif.

A.theycanattractpotentialstudentsB.theycandefeatacademiccheating

C.theyofferstudentsonlinehelpD.theyoffermanyonlinecourses

34.Someprogramscanfindoutpossiblecheatersby.

A.checkingthequestionansweringspeedB.producingalargenumberofquestion

C.scanningtheInternettestquestionD.givingdifficulttestquestion

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.TheAdvantagesofOnlineExams

B.TheHigh-techMethodsinOnlineCourses

C.TheFightagainstCheatinginOnlineEducation

D.TheWaragainsttheBoomingofOnlineEducation

【答案】

31.D

32.A

33.B

34.A

35.C

【解析】本文主要講述了當今網(wǎng)絡課程的流行，如何去處理網(wǎng)絡課程中的作弊問題，網(wǎng)絡教育文憑

的可信度與考試防作弊程序的有效性密切相關，核實考生個人信息的程序以及監(jiān)控分析考生答題速

度的程序都可以遏制網(wǎng)絡考試中出現(xiàn)的作弊現(xiàn)象。

31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)"hertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas:Didshe

enterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast”可知監(jiān)控Jennifer原因是為了確保她不

作弊，故選D。

32.詞義猜測題。cuttingedge與key是并列關系，同時二者都可以做到鼓勵誠實行為，前面this所

代指的為上文中提到的防作弊科學技術，由此可知cuttingedge應該為adva