高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)UnitTheSea單元主題語篇訓(xùn)練一含解析北師大版必修

PAGEPAGE6Unit7單元主題語篇訓(xùn)練AAsfarbackastheageofdinosaursmillionsofyearsago,turtles(海龜)wanderedaroundtheEarth.Evennowadaysitisgenerallyassumedthatturtlesaretheworld'ssteadiestcreature.However,anewresearchshows61percentofthe356speciesofturtlesarealreadythreatenedornolongerexist.Thedestructionoftheirhomes,disease,climatechangeandotherreasonshavecausedtheirpopulationtodropsharply.InanewstudypublishedinthejournalBioScience,ateamofscientistsfromvariousinstitutionsclaimthatturtlesareoneofthemostthreatenedamongthemajorvertebrate(脊椎動物)groups.Thiscould,theauthorssay,haveseriousconsequencesfortheecology.Turtlescontributetothehealthofmanyenvironments,includingdesert,wetland,freshwaterandmarineecosystems,andthedeclinemayleadtobadeffectsonotherspecies,includinghumans,theyexplain.WhitGibbons,seniorauthorandprofessorattheUniversityofGeorgia'sSavannahRiverEcologyLaboratory,saysinastatementthattheintentionofthestudyistoinformpeopleaboutthevitalecologicalrolesofturtles.Oneoftheimportantqualitiesofturtlesishowdiversetheyarewhenitcomestofood.Thisallowsthemtohaveamajorimpactonfoodwebsoftheirhomesallovertheworld.Insomeareas,thedensity(密度)oftheturtlepopulationmakesthemanimportantpartoftheecosystem.Withtheirgathering,otherspeciesthatfeedonthemandtheireggsaresuretohavealargepooloffood.Forplants,turtlesarealsoextremelyimportantastheydistributetheseedsofmanyplantspecies.Whentheyeat,someseedsarenotdestroyedbythedigestiveprocessandinsteadmaketheirwayoutoftheanimals'body.Someturtlesarethemaindispersal(傳播)agentsofcertainplantsandtheirseeds.Theseareonlyafewyetveryvitalrolesthatturtlesplayintheecologicallandscape.Unfortunately,manyspeciesareinseriousdeclineandindangerofdisappearingcompletely.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了海龜?shù)臄?shù)量急劇下降，這對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生了不利影響。1．Whatdoesthenewstudyaimtodo?A．Tosavethegrandvertebrategroupsonearth.B．Towarnpeopleofturtles'terriblesituation.C．Tomaketheimportanceofturtles'rolesknown.D．Toclaimturtlesmayberelatedtodinosaurs.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“theintentionofthestudyistoinformpeopleaboutthevitalecologicalrolesofturtles”可知，這個研究的目的是讓人們了解海龜在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的重要作用。故選C。2．Howmightthedisappearanceofturtlesinfluencecertainplants?A．Speeduptheseplants'disappearing.B．Putanendtotheseplants'seedspreading.C．Allowmoreseedstogrowintoplants.D．Givetheseplantsnochanceofsurvival.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“theydistributetheseedsofmanyplantspecies”可知，海龜是很多植物種類的傳播媒介。由此可推知，海龜?shù)南б部赡芗铀龠@些植物的滅絕。故選A。3．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TurtlesAreSuretoStopExistingB．TheEcologyWillChangewithTurtlesC．DeclineofTurtlesThreatenstheWorldD．Turtles'DyingOutWorldwideMattersaLot解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，作者介紹了目前海龜數(shù)量大范圍減少的狀況以及海龜?shù)拇嬖趯ι鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要作用，故選D。BIt'sthoughtthataround5trillionpiecesofplasticarecurrentlyfloatinginouroceans.Bothmammalsandfishbenefitfromcleanoceans.Itisreportedthatmorethan8milliontonsofplasticendupinouroceanseveryyear,andnearlyhalfoftheplasticweproduceissingle-useonly.Thisshoebrand,however,isridingthewaveofchangeandisonamissiontohelpcleanupourwatersandridtheseaofplasticbottlesthatcantakeupto400yearstobreakdown.Vivobarefoot'snewestfootwearusesrecycledplasticmaterialsandhascreatedaneducationprogramthatspreadsawarenessabouthowharmfulplasticisforsealife.Everypairofshoesismadeupof17plasticwaterbottlestakenfromtheoceanandturnedintoasustainable,comfortablepairofshoes,whicharealsohealthyforyourfeet.Andwhilenoteveryonecantakepartinoceancleanups,choosinglittlewayswecangivebacktoourplanetgoesalongway.Vivobarefoot'snewproductsincludeavarietyofhigh-performancestylessuchascasualsneakers,runningshoes,andhikingboots.Thebrandhopesthatitslatestinitiative(首創(chuàng)精神)willhelplessentheindifferencetopollutionandhowharmfulitisforalllivingbeings.Inthefuture,Vivobarefoothopestoincreasetheirproductionofshoescreatedfromsustainablematerials,andthankfully,theyarenowoneofmanybrandsthataimtoincreaseenvironmentalismandeducatecommunitiesonhowglobalwarmingaffectseveryone.Thisyear,they'lladdmorerecyclableandtraceablematerialsintomorethanhalfoftheirproductionline,andtheyhaveplentyofcreativedevelopmentsintheworksaswell.Theshoesalsohaveahealthbenefit.Basedontheconceptthatwider,minimallydesignedshoesenableourfoottofunctionatmaximumpotential,wearersalsoexperiencebetterbalanceandsensoryinput.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了Vivobarefoot公司推出了使用可回收的塑料材料制作的最新鞋款，并創(chuàng)建了一個教育計(jì)劃，讓人們了解塑料對海洋生物的危害。4．Howdoestheauthormakehispointconvincing?A．Bylistingfigures. B．Bytellingastory.C．Bygivingexamples. D．Bymakingcomparisons.解析：選A寫作手法題。文章中作者使用了“around5trillionpiecesofplastic”；“morethan8milliontonsofplastic”；“upto400yearstobreakdown”等數(shù)據(jù)，由此可知，作者通過列舉一系列的數(shù)據(jù)來使自己的觀點(diǎn)更有說服力。故選A。5．WhatisVivobarefootdoingtohelpwiththemarinecreatures?A．Donatingmoneytobuyfoodforthem.B．Keepingtheoceansfreefromplasticbottles.C．Producingmoreshoesfromsustainablematerials.D．Raisingpublicawarenessofrecyclingandreuse.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可推知，Vivobarefoot通過清理海洋里的塑料瓶來幫助海洋生物。故選B。6．WhatisprobablyVivobarefoot'soperationphilosophy?A．Customer-focused.B．Service-oriented.C．Money-saving.D．Environmentally-friendly.解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“aimtoincreaseenvironmentalism”可知，Vivobarefoot的經(jīng)營理念以環(huán)保為主。故選D。7．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Vivobarefoot'snewproductshaven'tbeenreleased.B．Vivobarefootisthemostpopularshoebrandintheworld.C．Vivobarefootcaresaboutnotonlyitsbusinessbutalsopublicservices.D．Vivobarefootisthefirstcompanytofindthenewfunctionofwastematerials.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)常理可知，Vivobarefoot推出新款鞋子肯定是為了增加利潤；再根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，Vivobarefoot同時還關(guān)心公共服務(wù)。故選C。CDanielLamplughremembersgoingshoppingwithhisdadonBlackFriday.“Wakingupat6a．m.thedayafterThanksgivingiswhatIgrewupdoing，”saystheUniversityofNewOrleansfilmstudent.Alothaschangedsincethosechildhooddays.Onlineretailers(零售商)haveforcedmanychainsoutofbusiness.Consumersareincreasinglyshoppingwiththeirsmartphones.Butafunnythinghappenedonthewaytothefuture：Mostshoppersarenotgoingall-digital.Surveysshowthey'reeagerforgoodexperiencesatretailstores.ThisNovemberandDecember,forthefirsttimeever,retailerwebsiteswillgetmoretrafficfrommobileusersthancomputerusers,predictsAdobeDigitalInsights.“Weliveourliveswithacombinationofthephysicalandthedigital，”saysKitYarrow,authorofthebook“DecodingtheNewConsumerMind.”“Retailershavetounderstandit'snotaquestionofeither-or.It'saquestionofcombiningthetwo.”HeatherHowe,anMBAstudent,said，“Consumerslikeshoppingontheirphonesandonlinebecauseit'smoreconvenientandbecausetherearemoreoptions.IwenttotheVansstoretotryonshoesandthenIactuallypurchasedthemonlinewhileIwasinthestore.”Whilemobilesalesaregrowing,thewidestuseofsmartphonesinstoresisresearchingproductsorlookingupproductinformation(58percent),closelyfollowedbycheckingorcomparingprices(54percent),accordingtoasurvey.“Myphoneplaysahugeroleinonlineshopping,becauseIamontheemaillistforallofmyfavoritebrands,soIgetmanyemailsdailyinformingmeofsales，”saysRachelLynch,whoworksataBostonpublic-relationsagency.“Also,astorehasanappthatallowsmetochatwithotherusersabouttheproducts,andreadreviews.OnlinereviewsareoneofthefirstthingsIlookatwhenIamabouttobuyanewproduct.”“Electronicsandkitchenequipmentaredefinitelyonlinepurchasesforme,sincethey'reheavytogethomeonthesubwayandoftencheaperonline，”saysMichaelMiller-Ernest,amanagerinBrooklyn,N．Y.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章從消費(fèi)者的購物習(xí)慣討論商家應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對消費(fèi)習(xí)慣的不斷變化。8．Whatdomostshopperstendtodonow?A．Doshoppingall-digitally.B．Usecomputerstodoonlineshopping.C．Dowindowshoppinginshoppingmalls.D．Gotophysicalstoreswiththeirsmartphones.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Consumersareincreasinglyshoppingwiththeirsmartphones.”和“they'reeagerforgoodexperiencesatretailstores”及第五段中的“thewidestuseofsmartphonesinstores”可知，現(xiàn)今，消費(fèi)者大都選擇在實(shí)體店看實(shí)物，然后用手機(jī)在網(wǎng)上下單。9．What'sKitYarrow'ssuggestionforretailers?A．Reachingbothonlineandofflineconsumers.B．Focusingoneitherthephysicalorthedigital.C．Encouragingconsumerstousesmartphones.D．Providingmoreconvenienceforcomputerusers.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Weliveourliveswithacombinationofthephysicalandthedigital...It'saquestionofcombiningthetwo.”可知，KitYarrow建議零售商要接觸線上和線下兩個領(lǐng)域的消費(fèi)者。10．WhatdoesHeatherHowethinkofonlinestores?A．Theyofferwiderchoices.B．Theysellhighqualitygoods.C．Theywillreplacephysicalstores.D．Theyare