2021年6月份大學(xué)六級(CET6)答案解析全三套

2021年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題（一）答案與詳解

PartIWriting

結(jié)構(gòu)框圖:

-O；第1段簡要地描述圖表，概括圖表所反映的中國城市化趨勢。

China'sAchievements

4--O：第2段提出自己的觀點，評價中國城市化取得的成就。

inUrbanization

第3段總結(jié)全文，并表達(dá)自己的觀點。

范文點評:

參考范文精彩點評

China'sAchievementsinUrbanization

[1]Asisdemonstratedinthegraph,attheendof2019,urban[1]簡要地描述圖表，并用相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)

residentsinChinaaccountedfor60.6%ofthetotalpopulationand予以說明，指出在過去的40年

it'sthefirsttimethatthefigurehasexceeded60%.Obviously,the里，中國城市人口的比例急劇增

pastfourdecadeshaveseenasharpincreaseof41.21%intheshare長了41.21%。

ofurbanpopulationinChina.

【2】There'snodenyingthatsincethereformandopeningup,【2】明確自己的觀點，指出中國的城

remarkableachievementshavebeenmadeinChina'surbanization.市化取得了顯著的成就。

【3】Tobeginwith,therapidurbanizationhasprovidedimpetusfor[3]（4][5]分別使用tobeginwith、

economicdevelopment,asitnotonlybringsasharpincreaseindemandsecond、third從經(jīng)濟(jì)、就業(yè)以及教

forconsumptionandinvestment,butalsogeneratesagrowingneed育三個方面具體闡述了中國城市

forinfrastructure,publicservicesandhousing.14】Second,化取得的成就。

urbanizationhascreatedmorejobopportunitiesforordinarypeople,

especiallyforthosemigrantworkerswhomovetourbanareas,which

haseffectivelyimprovedpeople'slivingstandardsasawhole.

【5】Third,intheprocessofurbanization,theunevendistributionof

educationalresourceshasalsobeenalleviatedtosomeextent.

[6]Evenso,itisalsoworthmentioningthatasmorepeople【6】使用"Evenso,itisalsoworth

enjoyedtheprosperityofmoderncities,wecannotignorethementioningthat.總結(jié)全文，進(jìn)

mountingchallengesurbanizationhasposedfornationalresources,一步表達(dá)了自己的觀點。

environment,jobmarket,publicservices,etc.

話題詞匯：

industrialization工業(yè)化narrowtheincomegap縮小收入差距

migrantworkers外來務(wù)工人員increaseemploymentopportunities增加就業(yè)機(jī)會

populous人口稠密的infrastructure基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施

trafficjam/congestion交通堵塞raisepurchasing/buyingpower提高購買力

economicgrowth經(jīng)濟(jì)增長

六級2021年6月9

PartHListeningComprehension

SectionA

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

M：(1)It'smylastdayatworktomorrow.Istartmynewjobintwoweeks.Myhumanresourcesmanager

wantstoconductaninterviewwithmebeforeIleave.

W：Ah,anexitinterview.Areyoulookingforwardtoit?

M：FmnotsurehowIfeelaboutit.IresignedbecauseI'vebeenunhappyatthatcompanyforalongtime,but

FmnotsureifIshouldtellthemhowIreallyfeel.

W：Tomywayofthinking,therearetwomainpotentialbenefitsthatcomefromunleashinganagitatedstream

oftruthduringanexitinterview.Thefirstisrelease.Unburdeningyourselfoffrustrationandperhapseven

angertosomeonewhoisn'tafriendorclosecolleaguecanbewonderfullyfreeing.

M：Andletmeguess.Thesecondisthatthecriticismwill,theoretically,helptheorganizationI'mleavingto

improve,makingsureemployeesofthefuturearelesslikelytoencounterwhatIdid?

W：That'sright.Buttheproblemwiththecompanyimprovementpartisthatveryoftenitdoesn'thappen.

(2)Anexitinterviewissupposedtobeprivate,butoftenisn't.Inmycompany,theinformationgained

fromtheseinterviewsisoftennotconfidential,andtheinformationisusedasdirtagainstanothermanager,

orcanbetradedamongseniormanagers.

M：(3)Nowyou'vegotmerethinkingwhatI'lldiscloseinthsinterview.Thereisalwaysthechancethatit

couldaffectmyreputationandmyabilitytonetworkintheindustry.Itisaprettysmallindustryafterall.

W：Anythingyouinitiallygainedfromtheinstantsatisfactionoftellingitlikeitis,youmightlosedownthe

trackbyinjuringyourfuturecareerprospects.

M：(4)Right.Perhapsit'Hbebettergettingthingsoffmychestbygoingtooneofthoserate?your-empk>yer

websites.

W：Youcould.Anddon'tdotheinterviewatall.Exitinterviewsarenotmandatory.

答案詳解

1.Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromthe答案為B）。

conversation?3.Whydoesthemanwanttorethinkwhathewill

A）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。對話開頭男士提到，明天是sayinthecomingexitinterview?

他最后一天來上班，他兩周內(nèi)就會開始新的工作，C）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（3）中男士說，女士的話讓

人事部經(jīng)理想在他離開之前和他面談一次。因此他重新考慮在離職面談中透露什么內(nèi)容，這總是

答案為A）。有可能會影響他的聲譽(yù)以及他在行業(yè)中建立人際

2.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthe關(guān)系網(wǎng)的能力。因此答案為C）。

informationgainedfromanexitinterview?4.Whatdoesthemanthinkhehadbetterdo?

B）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句（2）中女士提到，離職面談A）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（4）中男士說，或許他最好

應(yīng)該要保密。B）選項中的should是錄音中is去一個給雇主打分的網(wǎng)站上一吐為快。因此答案

supposedto的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，private為原詞重現(xiàn)，故為A）。

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

M：Today,I'mtalkingtotherenownedbotanist,JaneForster.

W：Thankyouforinvitingmetojoinyouontheshow,Henry.

M：(5)Recently,Jane,you'vebecomequiteacelebiitysincethereleaseofyourlatestdocumentary.Canyou

tellusalittleaboutit?.

W：Well,itfollowsmyexpeditiontostudythevegetationindigenoustotherainforestinequatorialareasof

southeastAsia.

M：Youcertainlygettotraveltosomeveryexoticlocations.

W：Itwasfarfromglamorous,tobehonest.(6?l)Theareawevisitedwasaccessibleonlybycanoe.Andthe

livingconditionsinthehutwereprimitive,tosaytheleast.Therewasnoelectricity,andourwatersupply

wasanearbystream.

六級2021年6月10

M：Howweretheweatherconditionswhileyouwerethere?

W：(6-2)Theweatherwasnotconducivetoou。workatall,sincethehumiditywasalmostunbearable.At

midday,westayedinthehutanddidnothing.Itwastoohumidtoeitherworkorsleep.

M：Howlongdidyourteamspendinthejungle?

W：Originally,weplannedtobethereforamonth.Butintheend,westayedforonlytwoweeks.

M：Whydidyoucuttheexpeditionshort.

W：⑺Halfwaythroughthetrip,wereceivednewsthatahurricanewasapproaching.Andwnhadtoevacuate

atveryshortnotice.

M：Thatsoundslikeafascinatinganecdote.

W：Itwasfrightening.Thefastestevacuationroutewasthroughriverrapids.Wehadtonavigatethemcarrying

allofourequipment.

M：Sooverall,wasthejourneyunsuccessful?

W：(8)Absolutelynot.Wegatheredamassiveamountofdataaboutthelocalplantlife.

M：Whydoyouputupwithsuchadverseconditions?

W：Botanyisanobsessionforme.ManyofthedestinationsIvisithavestunningscenery,andIgettomeeta

varietyofpeoplefromallovertheworld.

M：Sowherewillyournextdestinationbe?

W：Ihaven9tdecidedyet.

M：Thenwecanleaveitforanothervacation.Thanks.

5.WhatdoesthemanwantJaneForstertotalk因為濕度簡直令人難以忍受。因此答案為D）。

about?7.Whydidthewomanandthosewhowentwithher

B）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句（5）中男士說，自從女士最endtheirtriphalfway?

新的紀(jì)錄片發(fā)行以來，她已經(jīng)成了名人，并問女士D）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句（7）中女士說，他們在半路

能否介紹…下她的紀(jì)錄片。因此答案為B）。上接到消息說颶風(fēng)就要來了，所以他們不得不在短

6..Whydoesthewomandescribeherexperienceas時間內(nèi)撤離.因此答案為D）。

farfromglamorous?8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthejourney?

D）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。句（6-1）中女士提到，他們訪C）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。對話最后，男士問女士，這次

問的地區(qū)只有乘獨木舟才能到達(dá)，小屋的生活條件行程是不是失敗了，女士在句（8）中否認(rèn)了男士的

至少可以說很原始.沒有電，供水來自附近的一條說法，并說他們在這次行程中收集了大量關(guān)于當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

小溪。句（6-2）中女士提到，天氣根本不利于工作，植物的數(shù)據(jù)。因此答案為C）。

SectionB

Questions9and11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Scientistsoftenusespecializedjargontermswhilecommunicatingwithlaymen.Mostofthemdon,trealize

theharmfuleffectsofthispractice.⑼Inastudy,peopleexposedtojargonwhenreadingaboutsubjects

likeautonomousvehiclesandsurgicalrobotslatersaidtheywerelessinterestedinsciencethanotherswhoread

aboutthesametopics,butwithouttheuseofspecializedterms.Theyalsofeltlessinformedaboutscienceand

lessqualifiedtodiscusssciencetopics.It'snoteworthythatitmadenodifferenceifthejargontermswere

definedinthetext.Evenwhenthetermsweredefined,readersstillfeltthesamelackofengagementasreaders

whoreadjargonthatwasn'texplained.Theproblemisthatthemerepresenceofjargonsendsadiscouraging

messagetoreaders.HillaryShulman,theauthorofthestudy,assertsthatspecializedwordsareasignal.Jargon

tellspeoplethatthemessageisn'tforthem.Thereisanevendarkersidetohowpeoplereacttojargon.(10)In

anotherstudy,researchersfoundthatreadingscientificarticlescontainingjargonledpeopletodoubttheactual

science.Theyfoundtheoppositewhenatextiseasiertoread,thenpeoplearemorepersuaded.Thus,it's

importanttocommunicateclearlywhentalkingaboutcomplexsciencesubjects.Thisisespeciallytruewith

issuesrelatedtopublichealth,likethesafetyofnewmedicationsandthebenefitsofvaccines.(11)Shulman

concedesthattheuseofjargonisappropriatewithscientificaudiences.Butscientistswhowanttocommunicate

withthegeneralpublicneedtomodifytheirlanguage.Theyneedtoeliminatejargon.

六級2021年6月11

必定,二那"「答案詳解「「

9.WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheuseofjargonC）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（10）中提到，在另一項研

termsbyexperts?究中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),閱讀含有術(shù)語的科學(xué)文章會

B）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（9）中提到，在一項新的研讓人懷疑真正的科學(xué)。因此答案為C）.

究中，閱讀自動駕駛汽車和外科手術(shù)機(jī)器人等主11.WhatdoesShulmansuggestscientistsdowhen

題的文章時，接觸術(shù)語的人后來表示，與閱讀相同communicatingwiththegeneralpublic?

話題但沒有接觸專業(yè)術(shù)語的人相比，他們對科學(xué)B）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（ID中提到，舒爾曼承認(rèn)，

的興趣較小。也就是說，術(shù)語降低了外行人對科使用術(shù)語適用于科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的讀者。但是,想要與

學(xué)的興趣,答案為B）.公眾交流的科學(xué)家需要修改他們的語言,不使用

10.Whatdoresearchersfindaboutpeoplereading術(shù)語。B）選項中的doawaywith是錄音中

scientificarticlescontainingjargonterms?eliminate的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故為答案。

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury,ontheGulfCoastintheUSStateofTexas,therewasahillwheregas

leakagewassonoticeablethatschoolboyswouldsometimessetthehillonfire.(12)PattiHoHiggins,adisreputable

localbusinessman,becameconvincedthattherewasoilbelowthegassyhill.(13)Oilwellsweren'tdrilledback

then；theywereessentiallydug.ThesandunderthehilldefeatedseveralattemptsbyHiggins'workerstomakea

properhole.Higginshadforecastoilatathousandfeet,atotallymade-upfigure.

Higginssubsequentlyhiredaminingengineer,CaptainAnthonyLucas.(14)Afterencounteringseveral

setbacks,CaptainLucasdecidedtouseadrill,andhisinnovationscreatedthemodemoildrillingindustry.

InJanuary1901,at1,020feet,almostpreciselythedepthpredictedbyHiggins,wildguess,thewellroared

andsuddenlyejectedmudandsixtonsofdrillingpipeoutoftheground,terrifyingthosepresent.Forthenextnine

days,untilthewellwascapped,thewellpouredoutmoreoilthanallthewellsinAmericacombined.

(15)Inthosedays,Texaswasalmostentirelyruralwithnolargecitiesandpracticallycoindustryjcottonand

beefwerethefoundationoftheeconomy.Higgins'wellchangedthat.Theboommadesomeprospectors

millionaires,butthesuddensurplusofpetroleumwasnotentirelyablessingforTexas.Inthe1930s,prices

crashed,tothepointthat,insomepartsofthecountry,oilwascheaperthanwater.Thatwouldbecomeafamiliar

patternoftheboom-or?bustTexaseconomy.

■,答案詳解：二汶

12.WhatdidTexasbusinessmanPattilloHigginsC）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由句（14）可知，在經(jīng)歷了幾

believe?次挫折后，盧卡斯隊長決定使用鉆機(jī)，他的創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)

A）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由句（12）可知，帕蒂羅?希造了現(xiàn)代石油鉆探行業(yè)。因此答案為C）。

金斯是當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€聲名狼藉的商人,他確信這座充15.WhatdowelearnaboutTbxas'oilindustryboom?

滿天然氣的小山下面有石油。因此答案為A）。D）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。由句（15）可知，當(dāng)時的得克

13.WhatpreventedHiggins'workersfromdigginga薩斯州幾乎完全是農(nóng)村，沒有大城市，幾乎沒有工

properholetogettheoil?業(yè),棉花和牛肉是經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。希金斯的油井改

D）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由句（13）可知，當(dāng)時的油井變了這一點。豐富的石油使一些勘探者成為百萬

不是鉆取的，基本上是挖出來的。希金斯的工人富翁,但是石油的突然過剩并不完全是得克薩斯

們幾次想挖一個合適的洞都被山下的沙子挫敗州的福音。20世紀(jì)30年代，油價暴跌，以至于在

了。因此答案為D）。美國的某些地區(qū)，石油比水還便宜。這將成為得

14.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutCaptainLucas'克薩斯州經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮或蕭條的常見模式。因此答案

drillingmethod?為D）。

SectionC

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

Mostpeopledisliketheirjobs.It'sanastonishing(butstatistical)fact.(16)Aprimarycauseofemployee

dissatisfaction,accordingtofreshresearch,isthatmanybelievetheyhaveterriblemanagers.Fewdescribe

theirmanagersasmaliciousormanipulative,though?whilethosetypescertainlyexist,theyareminority.The

majorityofmanagersseeminglyjustdon'tknowanybetter.They'reoftenemulatingbadmanagersthey'vehad

inthepast.It'slikelythey,veneverreadamanagementbookorattendedamanagementcourse.Theymight

六級2021年6月12

nothaveevenreflectedonwhatgoodmanagementlookslikeandhowitwouldinfluencetheirownmanagement

style.Theresearchersinterviewedemployeesabouttheirmanagers,beginningwithaquestionabouttheworst

managertheyhadeverhad.Fromthis,theresearcherscameupwithfourmaincausesofwhysomemanagers

areperceivedasbeingsimplyawfulattheirjobs.

(17?l)Thefirstcausewascompanyculture,whichwasseenbyemployeesasenablingpoormanagement

practices.Itwasspecificallystressfulworkenvironments,minimaltrainingandalackofaccountabilitythat

werefoundtobethemostblameworthy.Oftenamanager'ssuperiorscaneffectivelyencourageamanager's

distastefulbehaviorwhentheyfailtodisciplinetheperson'swrongdoings.(17?2)Suchworkplacesare

sometimesdescribedastoxic.

Thesecondcausewasattributedtothemanagers'characteristics.Thosedeemedtobemostdestructive

wereoddpeople,thosewithoutdrive,thosewhoallowpersonalproblemsintotheworkplaceandthosewithan

unpleasanttemperamentorpersonalityingeneral.

Thethirdcauseofpoormanagementwasassociatedwithadeficiencyofqualifications.Notsomuchthe

formalvarietyoneobtainsfromauniversitybuttheinformalvarietythatcomesfromcredibleworkexperience

andprofessionalaccomplishments.

Thefourthcauseconcernedmanagerswho'vebeenpromotedforreasonsotherthanpotential.Onereason

inparticularwhythesepeoplehadbeenpromotedwasthattheyhadbeenaround,thelongest.Itwasn'ttheir

skillsetorothermeritsthatgotthemthejob.Itwastheirtenure.

(18)Apointworthmakingisthatthestudywasbasedonlyontheperspectiveofemployees.The

researchersdidn'taskseniorleaderswhattheythoughtoftheirfrontlinemanagers.It'squitepossiblethey're

contentwithhowtheindividualstheypromotedarenowperforming,merrilyignorantofthedamagetheyVe

actuallycausing,whichmightexplainwhy,astheresearchersconclude,thosesamemiddlemanagersare

usuallyunawarethattheyareabadmanager.

16.Whatisaprimarycauseofemployee認(rèn)為這導(dǎo)致了糟糕的管理做法，這樣的工作場所

dissatisfactionaccordingtorecentresearch?有時被描述為是有毒的。因此答案為B）。

D）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由句（16）可知，最新研究顯18.Whatdowelearnaboutthestudyonjob

示，導(dǎo)致員工不滿的一個主要原因是，很多人認(rèn)為dissatisfaction?

自己有一個糟糕的經(jīng)理。因此答案為D）。A）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句（18）中提到，值得指出的

17.Whatisoneofthecausesforpoormanagement一點是，這項研究只是基于員工的視角。研究人

practices?員沒有詢問高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)對一線經(jīng)理的看法。因此答

B）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。由句（17-1）和句（17-2）可案為A）。

知，造成管理不善的第一個原因是公司文化，員工

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

Withtheuseofdriverlessvehiclesseeminglyinevitable,miningcompaniesinthevastAustraliandesert

stateofWesternAustraliaaredefinitelytakingthelead.Ironoreisakeyingredientinsteelmaking.The

miningcompanieshereproducealmost300milliontonsofironoreayear.The240giantautonomoustrucksin

use,intheWesternAustralianmines,canweigh400tonesfullyloaded,andtravelatspeedsofupto60

kilometersperhour.Theyareatechnologicalleap,transportingironorealongrouteswhichrunforhundreds

ofkilometersfromminestotheirdestinations.Here,whenthetruckarrivesatitsdestination,staffinthe

operationcenterdirectitpreciselywheretounload.Vastquantitiesofironorearethentransportedby

autonomoustrainstooceanports.(19)Advocatesarguetheseautomatedvehicleswillchangeminingforever.It

mayonlybefiveyearsbeforetheuseofautomationtechnologyleadstoafullyroboticmine.Arangeoffactors

haspushedWesternAustralia'sdesertregiontotheleadofthisautomationrevolution.Theseincludethehuge

sizeofthemines,thescaleofequipment,andtherepetitivenatureofsomeofthework.Thenthere'sthe

area'sremoteness-at502,000squarekilometers-itcansometimesmakerecruitingstaffachallenge.Another

considerationistheriskswhenhumansinteractwithlargemachinery.Therearealsothefinancialimperatives.

Theongoingpushbytheminingcorporationstobemoreproductiveandmoreefficientisanotherpowerful

driverinembracingautomationtechnology.

六級2021年6月13

Theconceptofafullyautonomousmineisabitofamisleadingtermhowever.Thisisbecausethemore

technologyisputintothefield,themorepeopleareneededtodeploy,maintainandimproveit.(20)The

automationanddigitizationoftheincfusiryiscreau'nganeecffordir化:rentjobs.Theseincludedatascientists

andengineersinautomationandartificialintelligence.Theminingcompaniesclaimautomationandrobotics

presentopportunitiestomakeminingmoresustainableandsafer.Employeeswillbeofferedacareerthatis

evenmorefulfillingandmorerewarding.(21)Workers'unionshaveacceptedtheinevitabilityofthe

introductionofnewtechnology,buttheystillhavereservationsabouttheriseofautomationtechnology.Their

mainconcernisthepotentialimpactonremotecommunities.Asautomationspreadsfurther,thequestionis

howtheseremotecommunitieswillsurvivewhentheoldjobsareeliminated.Andthismaywellprovetobethe

mostsignificantimpactofrobotictechnologyinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.

辭里著涉兜書透號學(xué)/港途譴藕1答案詳解

19.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthemining業(yè)）的自動化和數(shù)字化創(chuàng)造了對不同工作崗位的

industryinWesternAustralia?需求。也就是說，采礦業(yè)數(shù)字化創(chuàng)造了很多新的

D）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（19）中提到，支持者認(rèn)為，就業(yè)崗位,答案為A）。

這些自動化車輛將永遠(yuǎn)改變采礦業(yè)。自動化技術(shù)21.Whatistheattitudeofworkers,unionstowards

的應(yīng)用可能只需要5年的時間就能實現(xiàn)全機(jī)相人theintroductionofnewtechnology?

采礦。一系列因素已將西澳大利亞沙漠地區(qū)推向C）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（21）中提到，工會已經(jīng)接

自動化革命的前沿。因此答案為D）。受了新技術(shù)引入的必然性，但它們對自動化技術(shù)

20.Whatistheimpactofthedigitizationofthe的興起仍持保留態(tài)度，它們主要擔(dān)心的是對偏遠(yuǎn)

miningindustry?社區(qū)的潛在影響。因此答案為C）。

A）【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句（20）中提到，該行業(yè)（采礦

Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

(22)Accordingtoofficialstatistics,Thailand^annualroad-deathrateisalmostdoubletheglobalaverage.

Thaipeopleknowthattheirroadsaredangerous,buttheydon'tknowthiscouldeasilybechanged.Globally,

roadaccidentskillmorepeopleeveryyearthananyinfectiousdisease.ResearchersattheInstituteforHealth

MetricsandEvaluationinAmerica,putthedeathtollin2017at1.24million.(23)Accordingtotheinstitute,

theoverallnumberofdeathshasbeenmoreorlessstaticsineetheturnofthecentury.Butthatdisguisesalotof

changesinindividualcountries.Inmanypoorcountries,roadaccidentsarekillingmorepeoplethanever

before.Thosecountrieshaveswellingyoungpopulationsoffast-growingfleetofcarsandmotorbikesanda

limitedsupplyofsurgeons.Itisimpossibletoknowforsure,becauseofficialstatisticsaresoinadequate.But

deathsarethoughttohaverisenby40%since1990inmany-lowincomecountries.Inmanyrich-countries,by

contrast,roadsarebecomingevensafer.InEstoniaandIreland,forexample,thenumberofdeathhasfallen

byabouttwothirdssincethelate1990s.(24)Botthemostimportantandintriguingchangesaretakingplacein

middleincomecountries,whichcontainmostoftheworld'speopleandhavesomeofthemostdangerousroads.

Accordingtoresearchers,,inChinaandSouthAfricatrafficdeathshavebeenfallingsince2000,andinIndia

since2012,andthePhilippinesreacheditspeakfouryearsago.ThequestioniswhetherThailandcansoon

followsuit.RobMcKinney,headoftheInternationalRoadAssessmentProgram,saysthatallcountriestendto

gothroughthreephases.Theybeginwithpoor,slowroads.Inthesecondphase,astheygrowwealthier,they

pavetheroads,allowingtraffictomovefasterandpushingupthedeathrate.Lastly,inthethirdphase,

countriesacttomaketheirroadssafer.Thetrick,then,istoreachthethirdstagesoonerbyfocusingearlier

andmorecloselyonfatalaccidents.Howtodothat?(25)Thesolutionliesnotjustinbetterinfrastructure,but

inbettersocialincentives.Safedrivinghabitsarepracticeswhichpeopleknowtheyshouldfollowbutoften

don't.Dangerousdrivingisnotafixedculturaltraitassomeimagine.Peoplerespondtoincentivessuchas

trafficlawsthatareactuallyenforced.

答案詳解

22.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttrafficaccidents的兩倍。因此答案為B),

inThailand?23.WhatdowelearnfromanAmericaninstitute's

B）【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句（22）中提到，據(jù)官方統(tǒng)計，statisticsregardingroaddeaths?

泰國每年的交通事故死亡率幾乎是全球平均水平C)【精析】事實細(xì)節(jié)題。句(23)中提到，據(jù)該研究所

六級2021年6月14

稱，自世紀(jì)之交以來,死亡總?cè)藬?shù)或多或少保持不亡人數(shù)在四年前達(dá)到頂峰.因此答案為B)。

變,但這掩蓋了各個國家的許多變化。因此答案25.Whatelsecouldbedonetoreducefatalroad

為C)。accidentsinadditiontosaferroads?

24.Whatissaidaboutmiddleincomecountries?A)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)歸納題。句(25)中提到，解決之道不

B)【精析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。句(24)中提到，最重要和最僅在于改善基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，還在于改善社會激勵機(jī)制.

有趣的變化正在中等收入國家發(fā)生，這些國家的安全駕駛習(xí)慣是人們知道他們應(yīng)該遵循但往往沒

人口占世界人口的大多數(shù)，道路也最危險.據(jù)研有遵循的做法。危險駕駛并非像某些人想象的那

究人員稱，中國和南非的交通事故死亡人數(shù)自樣是一種固定的文化特征。人們會對實際執(zhí)行的

2000年以來一直在下降，印度的交通事故死亡人交通法規(guī)等激勵措施做出反應(yīng)。因此答案為A)。

數(shù)自2012年以來也在下降，菲律賓的交通事故死

PartJUReadingComprehension

SectionA

【文章來源】本文選自2020年2月6日發(fā)表在.au(埃迪斯科文大學(xué)官網(wǎng))上一篇標(biāo)題為

KWhitewashingAustralia—HowKids'BooksAreFosteringRacialBias”(《白人文化粉飾下的澳大利亞童書

是如何助長種族偏見的》)的文章。

【結(jié)構(gòu)框圖】

■,第1段通過一項新研究描述了澳大利亞現(xiàn)有的童書的問題：對少數(shù)族裔

［文化描寫過少，即使有描寫，也往往帶有刻板印象或者只做些表面文章。

本文主要介紹了澳大利亞

,：第2段從兒童認(rèn)知發(fā)展方面闡述兒童接觸的讀物對他們看待差異性和多

現(xiàn)有的兒童文學(xué)是如何助

：樣性的方式造成影響。

長孩子的種族偏見的。

：小「第3段用數(shù)據(jù)指出澳大利亞是一個多元文化社會，對白人觀念和生活方

式的大肆宣揚(yáng)只會讓白人孩子疏遠(yuǎn)少數(shù)族裔，不利于多種文化和諧共處。：

'_____________________________________________________________,

【詞性分析】

名詞：B)appreciation欣賞；理解，認(rèn)識；C)bias偏見，偏袒；D)fraud欺詐；騙子；I)representation描述，描

繪；代表，代理；L)superiority優(yōu)越感;優(yōu)越性；M)temperament性情，秉性；O)threshold開端,起點；

門檻，門口

動詞：A)alienating排斥，疏遠(yuǎn)；C)bias使有偏見；E)housed收藏，存放；給...提供住處；F)investigated

調(diào)查，查明；G)overwhelming壓垮;使不知所措；H)portraying描寫，描繪；J)safeguarded保護(hù)，保衛(wèi)

形容詞：G)overwhelming巨大的；壓倒性的；K)secondary次要的，從屬的；N)tentative不確定的，暫定的；躊

躇的,猶豫的

而答案詳解上浜浮:紫”乎—出士三討宅污浮就

26.【考點】動詞辨析題?！菊Z義判斷】由上下文可知，空格所在句是指亞當(dāng)

F)【語法判斷】空格位于兩個名詞結(jié)構(gòu)之間，且整句博士調(diào)查了西澳大利亞州四個日托所的學(xué)前班房

話缺少謂語，故空格處應(yīng)填入動詞作謂語，且由上間里的書籍，結(jié)合選項意思可知，E)housed"收

下文的時態(tài)可以判斷，應(yīng)為動詞的-ed形式。藏，存放”符合句意。此處housed為動詞house的

【語義判斷】空格所在句的前一句提到一項新研究過去分詞，與其后的介詞短語一起構(gòu)成過去分詞

表明的結(jié)果，后一句提到亞當(dāng)博士具體研究的內(nèi)短語,作名詞books的后置定語。

容，因此，空格處需要填入一個與“研究，調(diào)查”相28.【考點】名詞辨析題。

關(guān)的動詞，由此確定F)investigated為答案。I)【語法判斷】空格前面為不定代詞any,后面為介

27.【考點】動詞辨析題。詞of,因此空格處應(yīng)填入名詞，和后面的ofnori-

E)【語法判斷】空格前面是一個完整的主謂賓句子結(jié)whitepeople一起構(gòu)成名詞短語，作contained的

構(gòu)sheexaminedthebooks,空格后面是介詞短語賓語。

"inthekindergartenrooms因此，空格處可【語義判斷】根據(jù)空格所在句提到的just18

填入形容詞、副詞或非謂語動詞作修飾語。