Unit 2 Using language Grammar 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

Book2unit3GrammerPresentperfectpassivevoiceobserving

1lookatthefollowingsentence,payingattentiontotheunderlinedpart：主動(dòng)：1.Hehasrepairedthemachinefortwohours.（他修理這臺(tái)機(jī)器已有兩小時(shí)了）

被動(dòng)：Themachine

hasbeenrepairedfortwohours.（這臺(tái)機(jī)器已修了兩小時(shí)了）主動(dòng)：2.Theteacherhasborrowedthebooks.（老師把那些書借走了）

被動(dòng)：Thebookshavebeenborrowed

bytheteacher.（那些書被老師借走了）

Thismorningourphysicsteacherdidalightningexperiment.Theexperimenthasbeendonesuccessfully.However,theconclusionoftheexperimenthasnotbeenacceptedbymostofus.“Hastheexperimentbeendoneimproperly?Whathasbeendone

byFranklininthepast?”Heaskedhimself.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：肯定式為：have/has+been+done否定式為：have/has+not+been+done一般疑問(wèn):have/has+been+done特殊疑問(wèn)：疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+been+done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法：1.過(guò)影響現(xiàn)（過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響）Ihavebeenbeatenbymyfathertwice.2.過(guò)持到現(xiàn)（過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。）3.主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者（即主語(yǔ)被……）present(now)futurepast

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(presentperfecttense)domyhomework常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間標(biāo)志：already(已經(jīng)),yet(已經(jīng)),just(剛剛),ever(曾經(jīng)),lately,recently,sincethen,uptonow,sofar,eversince,bynow,in/during/overthepast/lastyears......

劃出下列句中時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞：Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.He’slivedinShenzhenfor6years.Ihavealreadypostedtheletter.Hehasn’tdonehishomeworkyet.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?I’veworkedintheschoolsince1999.He’slivedinShenzhenfor6years.101．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，即have／has和been，兩者缺一不可。2.并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)沒(méi)有。3.短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不可分割也不可省略短語(yǔ)的介詞或副詞。例如：Theorphanhasbeenwelllookedafter．這位孤兒一直受到很好的照顧?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)注意事項(xiàng)：4．

副詞的位置often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom等副詞Suchamanhasneverbeenbelieved.5．注意與一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)側(cè)重過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)側(cè)重說(shuō)明對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響和結(jié)果。例如：Thehousewasbuiltlastyear．這房子是去年建造的。

Thehousehasbeenbuilt．這房子已經(jīng)建好了。Dearparents,wehopeyouwillwelcomethisnews.Almost100computers

(give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision

(make)thatwewillbeginacomputerteachingexperimentinourschool.Soeveryteacher

(provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.Sincethen,mostofourcourses

(teach)usingcomputer.Alotofinformation

_____(take)frominternettohelpuswithourteaching.Besides,anewcomputerroom

(setup)inourschool.WestartthisexperimenttogetherwiththeCityInformationTechnologyCentre,which

(complete)recently.Wehopeyouwillhelpuswiththisexcitingnewdevelopmentinourschool.No7MiddleSchool12/08/20___Homework

Almost100computers__(give)tousbyalocalcomputercompanysincetheendoflastyear.Adecision____(make)thatwewillbeginacomputerteachingexperimentinourschool.Soeveryteacher

_________(provide)withalaptopsincethebeginningofthisterm.sincethen,mostofourcourses______(teach)usingcomputer.Alotofinformation_______(take)frominternettohelpuswithourteaching.Besides,anewcomputerroom______(setup)inourschool.WestartthisexperimenttogetherwiththeCityInformationTechnologyCentre,which__________(complete)recently.Weho