2021-2022年淄博市英語統(tǒng)招專升本真題演練【帶答案】

2021-2022年淄博市英語統(tǒng)招專升本真題演練【帶答案】學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、閱讀理解(30題)1.根據下列短文，回答下列各題。

DuringtheSUmmersessiontherewillbearevisedscheduleofservicesfortheuniversitycommunity．Specificchangesforintercampusbusservices，thecafeteria，andsummerhoursfortheinfirmary(醫(yī)務室)andrecreationalandathleticfacilitieswillbepostedonthebulletin60ardoutsideofthecafeteria．WeeklymovieandconcertscheduleswhichareintheprocessofbeingarrangedwillbepostedeachWednesdayoutsideofthecafeteria.

IntercampusbuseswillleavethemainhalleveryhouronthehalfhourandmakealloftheregularstoDsontheirroutearoundthecampus．Thecafeteriawillservebreakfast，lunch，andearlydinnerfrom7a．m．to7P．m．duringtheweekandfromnoonto7P．m．onweekends．Thelibrarywillmaintainregularhoursduringtheweek，butshorterhoursonSaturdaysandSun—days．Theweekendhoursarefromnoont07P.m..

AUstudentswhowanttousethelibraryborrowingservicesandtherecreational，athletic，andentertainmentfacilitiesmusthavevalidsummeridentificationcards．Thisannouncementwillalsoappearinthenextissueofthestudentnewspaper．

Whichofthefollowingisthemainpurposeofthisannouncement?

A.Totellcampuspersonnelofthenewlibraryservices．

B.Toannouncethenewmoviesoncampusthissummer．

C.Tonotifyuniversitypeopleofimportantschedulechanges．

D.Toremindstudentstovalidate(使生效)theiridentificationcards．

2.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthattheauthor______.

A.wasinterstedinflowersandinsectsinhischildhood

B.losthishearingwhenhewasachild

C.didn'tlikehisbrothersandsisters

D.wasborntoanaturalist'sfamily

3.Accordingtotheauthor,Webster’spurposeinwritingAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagewasto______。

A.respondtotheneedfornewschoolbooks

B.showthedistinctdevelopmentoftheEnglishlanguageinAmerica

C.improvespellingformsbaseduponBritishmodels

D.influencethepronunciationoftheEnglishlanguage

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.NewYorkersareusuallyopenwithstrangers.

B.PeoplefromtheSouthareusuallyconsideredgoodhosts.

C.ThefriendliestAmericanstravelfromplacetoplace.

D.Differentpartshavedifferentcustomsandhabits.

5.Thesailorsknewthatsomethingwasinthewhalesstomachbecause_____

A.theycouldfeelitmovingaboutwildly

B.thewhaleseemedveryheavy

C.thewhalewasswellingatonespot

D.thecaptainheardBartleyyellingforhelp

6."You'veputabuginhisear"meansthatyou've______.

A.madehimlaugh

B.shownconcernforhim

C.madefunofhim

D.givenhimsomekindofwarning

7.HowdidEmmafeelthemomentsheopenedthebook?

A.Pleased.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.D.Surprised.

8.Whenthewritersays"DickSpivakisjustanordinaryman",hemeans______.

A.itiscommonthatpeopletellwhitelies

B.Dickcoulddonothingaboutbadtraffic

C.itiscommonthatpeopledelaytheirpayment

D.Dickfoundithardtodealwitheverydayproblems

9.Whenanemployerwantstohireanewemployee,hewillconsider______.

A.theapplicant'sprofessionalqualification

B.theapplicant'spersonalities

C.theapplicant'seducationandfamilybackground

D.bothAandB

10.Asuccessfulbusinessdealcantakeplaceonlywhen________.

A.priorityisgiventotherequirementsofthecustomer

B.thecustomerissatisfiedattheexpenseofthecompany

C.acompanymakesabigprofit

D.consumersatisfactionandcompanyprofit

11.TherecouldbelifeontheMarsinthefutureif_____.

A.itsupportedlifeinthepast

B.certaingasesareusedtocooltheplanet

C.theatmospherecanbeheatedenoughtogrowsimpleplants

D.theplanet'svolcanoesbecomeasactiveastheywereinthepast

12.Theauthorbelievesthatsportingactivities.

A.areformsofbiologicaldevelopment

B.haveactuallydevelopedfromhunting

C.areessentiallyformsoftamingtheprey

D.havechangedthewaysofhunting

13.Peopleperceivedifferentthingsaboutthesamescenebecause______.

A.theyseedifferentthings

B.somehavebettereyesight

C.theycannotagreeaboutthings

D.noneofthese

14.Fromthispassage,welearnthatmostTVstationsintheworlddevotedmorebroadcastinghoursto______.

A.educationalprograms

B.entertainmentprograms

C.newsinformationprograms

D.dramas,serials,music,sportsandsoon

15.Whatdoestheverbform.oftheword"renovation"meaninPara.1?.

A.Reform.B.Rearrange.C.Retreat.D.Restore.

16.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

A.SixStagesforRepairingSam"sBicycle.

B.PossibleStepsofProblem-solving.

C.NecessitiesofProblemAnalysis.

D.ImportanceofAnalyzingaProblem.

17.Thispassagedealsmostlywith______.

A.internalsenses

B.senseofbalance

C.fivesenses

D.brain'sfunction

18.Accordingtotheauthor,modernsociety______.

A.canoperatejustaswellevenwithoutwomen'sparticipation

B.hadbeengreatlyhamperedinitsdevelopmentbytheshortageofwomennursesandwomenteachers

C.cannotoperateproperlywithoutthecontributionofwomen

D.willbeseriouslyaffectedbythecontinuingshortageofworkingwomeninheavyindustriesandinternationaltrade

19.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout______.

A.internationalstudentssolvetheirmoneyproblemindifferentways

B.internationalstudentscan'tstudyfulltimebecausetheyhavetodospare-timejobs

C.Americanstudentsprefertostudyintheirowncountry

D.Americanstudentscanattendcollegesabroadeasily

20.Whenthenativeguidesaid"Kang-a-roo",hereallymeant"______"

A.Ah,itisaspecialkindofanimal.

B.Iwonderwhatyouhavesaid.

C.Whatdoyoumeanbypointingatthatanimal?

D.Ihavenoideaofwhatyouarereferringto.

21.45.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutwomenshoppersforclothes?A.Theywelcomesuggestionsfromanyone.B.Theyrarelyconsiderbuyingcheapclothes.C.Theyoftenbuythingswithoutgivingthematterproperthought.D.Theylistentoadvicebutnevertakeit.

22.Inthesecondparagraph,theterm"ineffect"means______.

A.infactB.itisdoubtfulC.oftenD.withoutreason

23.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTwhatyoushoulddoaftergettingcredit?

A.Askingyourbosstogiveyouapromotion.

B.Sharingyourcreditwiththehelper.

C.Lettingyourbossknowwhohelpedyou.

D.Distributingcredittoyourbossifhehelpedyou.

24.Whocooksdinner?

A.TheguestswhostayintheCampingGround.

B.Thechefatthecampinggroundrestaurant.

C.TheowneroftheCampingGround.

D.Doesnotmentionatall.

25.Whydoestheauthortakehimselfforexampleinparagraphtwo?

A.HewantstoshowthedifferencesinuniversitysystemsbetweenUSandLebanon.

B.HewantstotellreadershowtogotoauniversityinLebanon.

C.Hewantstoshowthatit'sdifficulttogotoauniversityinLebanon.

D.HewantstoshowthathelikesthewaythatanAmericanuniversityadmitsastudent.

26.Theword"monopoly"(Line3,Para.1)mostprobablymeans______.

A.theproductionofcertainkindsofgoods

B.completecontrolandpossessionofatrade

C.abigcorporationorcompany

D.anagreementonfixedprices

27.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Husband-WifeRelationship

B.Women'sRights

C.Laura'sMarriage

D.FamilyViolence

28.

第51題Thepassageismainlyabout__________

A.anartmuseumcalledtheLouvre

B.anItalianartistnamedLeonardodaVinci

C.akingofFrancenamedFrancisI

D.thebest—knownpaintingintheLouvre

29.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsscience?

A.Heisdepressedbecauseoftheignoranceofscientists.

B.Heisdoubtfulbecauseoftheenormousdifficultiesinscientificresearch.

C.Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesinscientificresearch.

D.Heisdelightedbecauseoftheilluminatingscientificfindings.

30.Whattypeoftouristisdescribedatthebeginningofthereading?

A.Afirsttimetourist.

B.Anoldtourist.

C.Atouristwhohastravelledalot.

D.Youngtourists.

二、完型填空(20題)31.【C6】

A.workB.relaxC.thinkD.progress

32.(42)

A.neededB.calledC.organizedD.grouped

33.(39)

A.destroyB.hurtC.disturbD.distress

34.(46)

A.sinceB.thatC.whileD.as

35.(55)

A.himB.themC.meD.us

36.(53)

A.LookB.ListenC.SkimD.Read

37.32.

A.criminal's

B.king's

C.lady's

D.tiger's

38.(41)

A.whyB.thatC.forD.of

39.(48)

A.noticeB.informationC.lettersD.print

40.32.________A.anyB.otherC.betweenD.every

41.(45)

A.flourB.milkC.vitaminsD.eggs

42.【B16】

A.notB.veryC.soD.too

43.【C4】

A.ThenB.ThusC.ThereforeD.Yet

44.【B6】

A.warnedB.blamedC.informedD.relieved

45.Oneofthepoliticalissueswehearalotaboutlatelyiscampaignfinancereform.Thepeoplewhoarecallingfor【21】usuallywantthegovernmenttopayforcampaignsand/orlimitthemountofmoneythatcandidatesandtheirsupporterscanspend.

Onereasonthatreform.is【22】foristhatitcostssomuchtorunforpoliticaloffice.Candidateshavetospendagreatdealoftimeandeffort【23】money.Theincumbents(thosealreadyinoffice)have【24】timetodotheirjobssincetheymustattendsomanyfundraisingevents.

Another【25】isthefearthatcandidateswillbeownedorcontrolledbythe"specialinterestgroups"thatcontributetotheircampaigns.Sometimesthiscertainlyseemstobethe【26】.

Onthe【27】sidearethosewhocautionthatjustbecauseyoucallsomething"reform,"doesn’tmeanit’sreally【28】.They【29】thatourrighttofreedomofspeechismeaninglessifthegovernmentcanlimitanyone’sabilitytogethisorhermessageouttothepeople.

Ifonepersonoragroupofpeoplewanttotellthe【30】whattheythinkaboutanissueorcandidate,theyhaveto【31】advertisingonTV,radio,andinnewspapersandmagazines.TheymightwanttodisplaybillboardsalonghighwaysandbannersonheavilytraffickedWebsites.Allthis【32】a-lotofmoney.

Opponentsoflawsthatregulateorlimitspendingsaythatyoudon’treallyhavefreedomofspeechorfreedomofthepressifyoucan’tgetyourmessageout.Theysaythatinademocracy,thegovernmentshouldneverbeabletoregulatepoliticaldiscussionorthemeanstodistributeideas.Theybelievethatthisismostimportantwhenthevotersareabouttomake【33】.

Whatdoyouthinkaboutthisissue?Listentowhatthe【34】fornationalofficehavetosay.Whichcandidatesmakethemost,【35】toyou?

(41)

A.moneyB.reformC.issueD.candidate

46.12.（）A.A.restrainedB.retainedC.reservedD.restricted

47.【B14】

A.keepB.preserveC.bringD.maintain

48.(54)

A.problemB.chanceC.differenceD.change

49.(51)

A.betweenB.amongC.ofD.like

50.(43)

A.piecesB.partsC.pairsD.double

三、語音(10題)51.(2)

A.usualB.usefulC.justD.mistake

52.(5)

A.fountain

B.obtain

C.contain

D.maintain

53.

A.saysB.playsC.staysD.days

54.1.______A.typicalB.cycleC.apply

D.imply

55.選出下列選項中劃線部分讀音不同的選項（）

56.(1)

A.German

B.region

C.plant

D.sufficient

57.（）A.A.agent

B.accent

C.accelerate

D.avenue

58.(3)

A.combine

B.complain

C.comprise

D.complex

59.1.A.attractB.gateC.arrangeD.

able

60.選出下列選項中劃線部分讀音不同的選項（）

四、詞匯與結構(20題)61.IntheU.S.,thetelevisionsethasattainedtherankofalegalnecessity,safefromrepossession.______debt,alongwithclothes,cookingutensils,andthelike.

A.onaccoutofB.attheriskofC.incaseofD.inspiteof

62.6.Doyouthinkitnecessary______anEnglishdiaryeveryday?A.keep

B.tokeep

C.keeping

D.kept

63.I______swiminsummerwhenIwasyoung.

A.usedtoB.usedC.wasusedtoD.didusedto

64.Therewasan______ofdiscontentonherface.

A.appearanceB.sightC.shockD.expression

65.Saul'sbrotherleftthematterentirelyupto______and______.

A.I,heB.him,IC.me,heD.him,me

66.7.Mr.Wangandhisson,bothlookingveryhappy,______takingawalkinthepark.A.areB.isC.hasD.have

67.Insteadof________sights，Edisonwouldspendthetime________inthepubliclibrary．

A.seeing,readingB.see，readC.tosee,toreadD.seeing，toread

68.（）YounevertoldUSwhyyouwerelatefortheparty，__________?

A.werentyouB.didn’tyouC.hadyouD.didyou

69.Wecameintothisfieldlate,sowemustworkhardto______thelosttime.

A.makeupforB.makeoutC.keepupwithD.putupwith

70.I'mafraidI'vetaken______toomuchofyourtime.A.A.upB.afterC.inD.back

71.Withkeen______,convincingfactsandaglobalangle,EpsteinvividlyrecordedabrilliantpageofthegreatChineserevolution.

A.inspectionB.intellectualC.intentionD.insight

72.Jackdoesn'tsmoke,therefore,wecallhima______(smoker).

73.Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,______Ilivedonafarm.

A.whenB.whichC.whereD.who

74.Atleast203minerswerekilled,22______and13______inacoalminegasexplosionMondayafternooninFuxin.

A.injuring;trapping

B.injured;trapped

C.injured;trapping

D.injuring;trapped

75.ThelettersPTO______parent-teacherorganization.

A.standforB.callforC.headforD.carefor

76.Thethought______hemightbeascientistsomedayencouragedhimtostudyhard.

A.whetherB.thatC.howD.why

77.Onlybydiligenceandhonesty

A.onecansucceedinlife

B.canonesucceedinlife

C.onecanbesucceededinlife

D.canonebesucceededinlife

78.—CouldIspeaktotheheadteacher?—______onforamoment,please.

A.GoB.GetC.TakeD.Hold

79.Yourserviceisentirely______,notcompulsory.

A.preferentialB.reluctantC.selectiveD.voluntary

80.Itisdifficulttodistinguishonetwin______theother.

A.toB.byC.forD.from

五、書面表達(1題)81.假設你是一名高中生，一次一位外國朋友問你，除了在學校學習英語還有什么其他途徑可

以練習英語。請你根據提示用英語寫出你參加“英語角”的情況。

提示：

1．“英語角”于兩年前成立，許多中學生參加，有時也有一些大學生和外國友人來此。

2．活動時間：每周六上午。

3．活動內容：練習英語口語，談論大家共同感興趣的事情，交流學習英語的經驗等。

4．談談你參加此項活動的體會。

注意．詞數應為100左右

六、寫作(1題)82.Forthispart,youaresupposedtowriteanannouncementinEnglishin100-120wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation.Remembertowriteitclearly.

以外語系(ForeignLanguagesDepartment)的名義寫一份會議通知。通知內容如下：

(1)時間、地點；

(2)會議內容；

(3)與會者。

參考答案

1.C

2.A

3.B解析：參見第四句：Webster寫書的目的是表明美國英語正發(fā)展成與英國英語不同的含義、發(fā)音和拼寫的語言。

4.B解析：第一段中是美國不同地區(qū)人物性格的對比，不難看出，本題中只有B項是真實的。

5.A水手們能感覺到鯨魚的胃里有東西在動。A項是正確的。

6.D

7.DEmma發(fā)現這本書有她親筆寫下的自己的名字和地址，自己卻從未讀過。這里的感覺當然是“吃驚”。所以選D項。

8.A解析：選項B、C、D雖然涉及語篇的內容，但都涉及的是某一方面的細節(jié)內容，并不是作者想談論的主要話題，故不選。

9.D解析：參見句子：Hemustconsiderbothprofessionalqualificationsandpersonalcharacteristic.

10.D

11.C解析：第二段大意是：如果要想改變火星的條件使之適合居住，首先要提高星球的溫度，其方法是用某些氣體收集太陽的熱能。有了溫度、水和二氧化碳，一些植物便可生長。慢慢地使星球適合生存。選項C，“人們可以以提高環(huán)境的溫度的方式來使一些植物生長”是正確的。

12.A

13.D

14.A文中第五句提到除了加拿大和意大利之外，所有國家給予教育類節(jié)目的時間都比其他節(jié)日(信息或娛樂類)多。

15.D解析：詞義辨別題。renovation的動詞renovate是“修復”之意；reform意為“改革”；rearrange意為“重新安排”；retreat意為“撤退”；restore意為“恢復，重修”。

16.BB項是正確的。作者以Sam為例，但并不是告訴讀者如何修Sam的車(A項)；文章也并不是談分析問題的必要性或重要性(C項或D項)。

17.A解析：第一段相當于一個開場白。我們除了用五個感官感受外部的世界外，我們還有內部感官。接下來的兩段都講述了內部感官。所以，這篇文章的中心是人類的內部感官。

18.C解析：這一小題問作者對婦女在現代社會中的作用所持的觀點。答案可以從第三段第二句得出：Modemsocietycannotdowellwithoutthecontributionthatwomencanmakeintheprofessionsandotherkindsofwork.意思是：“如果沒有婦女在專門職業(yè)和其他種類的工作中作出的貢獻，現代社會就不可能很好地運轉?！边@和C選項cannotoperateproperlywithoutthecontributionofwomen意思相同。cannotdowellwithout和cannotoperateproperlywithout只不過是不同的表達方式而已。A選項canoperatejustaswellevenwithoutwomen'sparticipation.的意思是：“(現代社會)沒有婦女的參與也能正常地運轉”；B選項hasbeengreatlyhamperedinitsdevelopmentbytheshortageofwomennursesandwomenteachers的意思是：“(現代社會)由于缺少女護士和女教師其發(fā)展受到很大的阻礙?！盌選項willbeseriouslyaffectedbythecontinuingshortageofworkingwomeninheavyindustriesandinternationaltrade的意思是：“(現代社會)由于在重工業(yè)和國際貿易方面持續(xù)缺少婦女參與而受到嚴重影響?！边@三個選項均不合文意。

19.A解析：本題屬理解分析題。文章第二段第一句已明確點明本段的主要意思。

20.D

21.A45．答案為A

此考題為細節(jié)題。根據第4段第5句Sheisalwaysopentowhatthesalesmantellsher，eventowhatherfriendstellher，我們便可知A上確。

22.A前面說明內部感官是干什么的。接著用ineffect強調、總結，進一步說明內部感官的作用。A項是正確的。

23.A解析：最后一段提及BCD項，與A項含義不一致，故選A。

24.A解析：第一段。到那里去的旅游者都喜歡使用那里的廚房設備。可見是客人自己動手做飯。

25.A解析：本題屬深層分析題。因為本文的主旨就是：American與Lelanese的大學教育體制的區(qū)別，故作者用他自己做例證，正是為了說明本文的主旨。

26.D解析：根據第1段第5行“Theywouldallagreetochargethesameprice．”可知：monopoly即“價格同盟”。

27.D解析：整篇文章講的是丈夫吸毒并對妻子、孩子使用暴力。因此，“家庭暴力”應是最合適的標題。

28.A概括全文可知，本文主要介紹了法國的盧浮宮。其他都是文章的節(jié)細，而非主旨。

29.C解析：重點在最后一段。Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbeanswered，soonerorlater...(人類能夠想到的問題沒有不能解決的)，說明了作者對于人類科學認識前景的態(tài)度是自信的。

30.C解析：本文是一個野營地為招攬生意而做的廣告。由第一段可知，seasonedtourists指那些經常旅游的人們。

31.Awork“工作”，此處說明孩子學習時的整個狀態(tài)。其他三個選項在意義上不夠全面。

32.B解析：要求改革的原因之一是支撐這樣的政治辦公室的開銷太大。

33.C解析：這些人會使你心情焦慮，攪亂你的注意力。

34.C解析：劉翔坐在世界紀錄牌上慶祝。

35.C解析：全文是以第一人稱寫的，這里肯定指的也是作者自己，第一人稱。選項C是正確的。

36.C解析：快讀一遍試題。skimthrough意為“快速瀏覽”。

37.B

38.A

39.A解析：本句意思是“沒有通知就不要再給我寄書了”。A選項notice的意思是“通知、預告”，最合題意。而B選項information意思足“信息”，與題意明顯不符，故不用。

40.D

41.D解析：前面列舉了那么多雞蛋的吃法。還有什么菜含有雞蛋呢?選項D是正確的。

42.C解析：老師下課前常說“Somuchfortoday．”意為“今天要講解的就是這么多?！監(jiān)nlysomuchcouldbesaid．意為“能說出的僅是如此而已。”

43.D根據前后兩個句子的意義及轉折關系可以判定應選D項。

44.A解析：根據前句句意“如果你不減速，就會出事的”應選warn。

45.B解析：這篇文章是關于美國競選的財政改革問題。我們最近聽到最多的政治事件是競選的財政改革。要求改革的人是希望政府為競選付費，或限制候選人和他們的支持者的花銷。

46.Drestrict意為“限制”。

47.A解析：詞義辨析題。keepsth．athome…表示“讓……呆在家”。

48.C解析：本文通篇都在講這所學校與普通學校的不同之處，所以選difference。

49.B解析：表示二者之間用between。三者以上用among。選項B是正確的。

50.C解析：很多昆蟲是能飛的，能飛的昆蟲有一或兩對翅膀。能飛的昆蟲包括……

51.A解析：畫線部分讀[3]，其他選項的畫線部分讀[s]。

52.A

53.AA項劃線部分發(fā)[e]，而B、C、D三項劃線部分發(fā)[ei]，因此選A項。

54.AA項的劃線部分發(fā)[i]，而B、c、D三項劃線部分的發(fā)音為[ai]，因此選A項。

55.B

56.C解析：畫線部分讀[α:]，其他選項的畫線部分讀[e]。

57.D

58.D解析：畫線部分讀[kcm]，其他選項的畫線部分讀[kem]。

59.Aattract中字母a讀作，其他都讀作[ei]。

60.C

61.C

62.B

63.A句中的時間狀語是whenIwasyoung，表示過去，因此應選A項?！皍sedto+動訶原形”意為“過去常常做某事(而現在不做了)”。

64.D解析：expression意為“表情”；appearance意為“外表”。

65.D解析：介詞后應跟代詞的賓格。And連接的是介詞后的兩個代詞，因此兩個代詞均用賓格。英文習慣在幾個人稱代詞中將“我”放在最后。選項D是正確的。

66.A7．此題考查主謂的一致性及時態(tài)。And連接兩個主語，謂語動詞用復數，其行為為現在進行時態(tài)。選項A是正確的。

67.A

68.D

69.A解析：本題為詞組辨析題。makeupfor意為“彌補，補償”；makeout意為“寫出，認定”；keepupwith意為“趕上”；putupwith意為“忍受”。本句大意為：我們進入這項領域很遲，所以我們得努力工作把丟失的時間補上來。

70.A本題為固定搭配題。takeup意為“占據，占用”；takeafter意為“像某人”；takein意為“吸收，領會”；takeback意為“取回”。本句大意為：我怕耽誤你太多的時間了。

71.D解析：本題的四個選項都以in開頭，但意思大相徑庭。inspection“檢查，視察”；intellectual“有智慧的人，知識分子”；intention“意圖，目的”；insight“洞察力”。能與keen“敏銳的”來搭配的，insight為最佳，故D為正確答案。

72.non-smoker

73.A解析：本題考查狀語從句的用法。由于children是童年的意思，表時間，故應用when。

74.B解析：根據203minerswerekilled可以判斷，下文應為22minerswereinjuredand13minersweretrapped。省略were后保留過去分詞。