2019年英語新必修四講義Unit2SectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints

Section_ⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、這樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫得對(duì)記得快·記得多Ⅰ.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.statisticn．統(tǒng)計(jì)；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字2.sunburntadj.曬黑的3.strugglevt.&vi.斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力4.decaden.十年；十年期5.superadj.特級(jí)的；超級(jí)的6.outputn.產(chǎn)量；輸出7.cropn.莊稼；農(nóng)作物；產(chǎn)量8.expandvt.&v9.circulatevt.&v10.battlen.戰(zhàn)役；戰(zhàn)斗；較量；斗爭(zhēng)vt.&v11.ridvt.擺脫；除去12.freedomn.自由；自主13.thereforeadj.因此；所以；因而14.grainn.谷物；糧食；顆粒15.nationalityn.國(guó)籍Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1.hungern．饑餓；欲望vt.&vi.(使)饑餓→hungryadj.饑餓的2.disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的→disturbvt.打擾；打亂3.equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備→equipment4.exportvt.&vi.輸出；出口→importvt.5.occupationn．工作；職業(yè)；占領(lǐng)→occupyvt.占領(lǐng)；占用1.statisticn．統(tǒng)計(jì)；統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字[詞塊]①staticaltable統(tǒng)計(jì)表②staticalmethod統(tǒng)計(jì)方法③staticalsurvey統(tǒng)計(jì)調(diào)查④staticaltest統(tǒng)計(jì)檢驗(yàn)⑤staticalmap統(tǒng)計(jì)地圖2.expandvt.&vi.使變大；伸展[記法]ex-(出，出去)＋pand(擴(kuò)散)→v.擴(kuò)張，張開，發(fā)展[詞塊]①expandvocabulary擴(kuò)大詞匯量②expandinfluence擴(kuò)大影響③expandbusiness擴(kuò)展業(yè)務(wù)④expandproduction擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)3.sunburntadj.曬黑的[聯(lián)想]“名詞＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成的形容詞一覽①hand-made手工的②man-made人造的③state-owned國(guó)營(yíng)的④school-run校辦的⑤heart-felt由衷的4.exportvt.&vi.輸出；出口[記法]ex-(出)＋port(運(yùn))→輸出；出口[詞塊]①thechiefexports主要出口商品②grainexports谷物出口③exportcotton出口棉花④exportduties出口稅5.表示“因此”的多種表達(dá)：[聯(lián)想]①therefore②so③thus④asaresult⑤hence⑥asaconsequence二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.struggle_for為……而斗爭(zhēng)(努力)2．thanks_to幸虧；由于；因?yàn)?．rid_..._of擺脫；除去4．be_satisfied_with對(duì)……感到滿意5．care_about關(guān)心；在乎6．would_rather寧愿；寧可7．rather_than而不是8．with_the_hope_of懷有……的希望9．care_for喜歡；照顧10．make_a_difference有關(guān)系；有影響1.forthepastfivedecades過去的五十年2．becomethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworld成為世界上第一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)3．worktheland耕種土地4．inmanypartsofthecountryside在許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)5．increasericeharvests增加水稻產(chǎn)量6．circulatehisknowledge傳播知識(shí)7．leadacomfortablelife過舒適的生活8．meanlittletohim對(duì)他來說無意義9．exporthisrice出口水稻10．loveandcareforhispeople熱愛和關(guān)心他的人民三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketotrygrowing?如果種過的話，你是怎樣種植的？如果沒有種過的話，你想要嘗試種什么植物？ifso為省略句式，so替代上文內(nèi)容，其否定式為ifnot。Dowemakemoneyonthisproduct,andif_so,_howmuch?這項(xiàng)產(chǎn)品是否賺錢，如果是，賺多少？2.In1973,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.1973年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先驅(qū)。名詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，后面用不定式作定語。Youarethefirstpersonto_do_the_worksowell.你是第一個(gè)將這項(xiàng)工作做得這么好的人。3.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量成為可能。it為形式賓語，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“動(dòng)詞＋it＋賓補(bǔ)(adj.或n.)＋todo”。HisdreamwasthattheOlympicGameswouldmake_it_possible_for_countries_and_people_to_livepeacefullysidebyside.他的夢(mèng)想是奧運(yùn)會(huì)將使得各個(gè)國(guó)家和人民和平共處。4.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。其結(jié)構(gòu)為“倍數(shù)＋as...＋as”句式。Brandnewscientificevidenceshowsusthatdisasterwasatleasttwice_as_large_aspreviouslythought.全新的科學(xué)證據(jù)表明，那場(chǎng)災(zāi)難的破壞力至少是我們過去想象的一倍。1．(教材P10)Indeed,hissunburntfaceandarmsandhisslim,strongbodyarejustlikethoseofmillionsofChinesefarmers,forwhomhehasstruggledforthepastfivedecades.的確，他那被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結(jié)實(shí)的身軀，就跟其他千百萬的中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。strugglen．&vi.斗爭(zhēng)；拼搏；努力struggleagainst/withsb./sth.同……作斗爭(zhēng)；與……抗?fàn)巗truggleforsth.為……而斗爭(zhēng)struggleon掙扎著堅(jiān)持下去struggletodosth.努力去做某事；掙扎著做某事struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來①Hehasbeenstrugglingforsuccessinhisbusiness.為了事業(yè)的成功，他一直努力奮斗著。②Astrongmanwillstrugglewiththestormoffate.強(qiáng)者樂于搏擊命運(yùn)的暴風(fēng)雨。③Sheisstrugglingto_bring(bring)upafamilyonaverylowincome.她靠著非常微薄的收入艱難地供養(yǎng)一家人。④Theyoungmanstruggledtohisfeettofightagainsttherobber.那位年輕人努力掙扎著站起來同搶劫犯作斗爭(zhēng)。2．(教材P10)Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.當(dāng)時(shí)，饑餓是許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問題。hungern．[U]饑餓；欲望vt.&vi.渴求；渴望得到；(使)饑餓(1)dieofhunger死于饑餓hungertodosth.渴望做某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(haveahungerfor/aftersth.,hungerfor/aftersth.))渴望得到某物(2)hungryadj.饑餓的；渴望的①InsomepartsofAfrica,therearestillsomechildrendyingofhunger.在非洲的某些地區(qū)，仍有一些兒童死于饑餓。②Hehungeredto_get(get)thatpost.他渴望得到那個(gè)崗位。③Mostactorshaveahungerfor/aftersuccess.絕大多數(shù)演員都渴望成功。[名師點(diǎn)津]表達(dá)“渴望……”之意的短語還有：haveadesire/thirstfor,haveanappetitefor,bethirsty/eagerfor,longfor,beanxiousfor等。disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的disturbvt.打擾；弄亂；使不安disturbedadj.心神不寧的disturbancen.打擾①ThenewsthatIfailedthistimeisquitedisturbing.我這次失敗的消息讓人十分煩惱。②Ifyougetupearly,pleasedon’tdisturb_your_father.如果你起床早，請(qǐng)不要打擾你的父親。③Hefeltdisturbed(disturb)whenheheardhismotherwasill.當(dāng)他聽說他母親病了的時(shí)候，他感到心神不安。[語境串記]Theywerealldisturbedbythedisturbingnews,thatis,thenewsdisturbedallofthem.他們都因這條令人不安的消息而都深感不安，也就是說，這條消息使他們都感到不安。3．(教材P10)YuanLongpingsearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.袁隆平要在不增加土地面積的基礎(chǔ)上尋求達(dá)到增加稻谷產(chǎn)量的途徑。expandvt.&vi.使變大；伸展(1)o...把……擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成……expandinto...發(fā)展成/擴(kuò)大成……expandonsth.細(xì)說(闡述)某事(2)expansionn.擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)展①Thenarrowpathinthevillageexpandedintoawideroad.村里的狹窄小路拓寬成了一條大道。②Thewriterexpandedhisshortnovelintoalongone.那位作者把他的短篇小說擴(kuò)展成了長(zhǎng)篇。③Hedidnotexpandgreatlyonhisstatement.他未就他的聲明多加解釋。④Thebookisanexpansion(expand)ofaseriesoflecturesgivenlastyear.這本書是去年舉行的系列講座的擴(kuò)充。[名師點(diǎn)津]注意expand和extend的區(qū)別。前者指向四面八方的擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)張，后者指向某一方向的延伸。4．(教材P10)Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.由于他的研究，聯(lián)合國(guó)在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方法。thanksto幸虧；由于；因?yàn)棰賂hankstoyourtimelyhelp,Imanagedtofinishtheworkontime.多虧了你及時(shí)的幫助，我按時(shí)完成了工作。②Thankstothebadweather,thematchhasbeencancelled.因?yàn)樵愀獾奶鞖?，比賽被取消了。[名師點(diǎn)津]表示“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇钡亩陶Z還有：owingto,dueto,becauseof,asaresultof,onaccountof等。rid...of使……擺脫或除去beridof擺脫getridof擺脫；除掉；去掉ridoneselfofdebt還清債務(wù)①Sheistryingtoridherselfofadependenceondrugs.她在努力地?cái)[脫對(duì)藥品的依賴。②Youshouldget_rid_ofthebadhabits.你應(yīng)該改掉壞習(xí)慣。③Hewantedtoridhimselfoftheburdenofthesecret.他想把秘密說出來，讓自己得到解脫。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)在rid...of...短語中，rid為動(dòng)詞，后跟sb.或somewhere作賓語，指“使某人擺脫”或“除掉某地的不好或有害之物”。(2)類似rid...of...結(jié)構(gòu)的短語還有：①robsb.ofsth.搶劫某人某物②warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事③remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事④informsb.ofsth.通知某人某事⑤curesb.ofsth.醫(yī)好某人的病5．(教材P10)YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平很滿意他的生活。besatisfiedwith對(duì)……感到滿意(1)besatisfiedtodo...對(duì)做……感到滿意(2)satisfactionn.滿意；滿足toone’ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是(3)satisfyv.使?jié)M足；使?jié)M意satisfyone’sneeds/demands滿足某人的需求(4)satisfyingadj.令人滿意的①I’mnotverysatisfiedwithhisinterpretationofthissentence.我不太滿意他對(duì)這個(gè)句子的解釋。②To_her_satisfaction,_theydealtwiththemattersoon.令她滿意的是，他們很快就處理了此事。③Theoldcoupleare_satisfied_to_live_inthecountryside.這對(duì)老年夫婦樂意住在鄉(xiāng)下。6．(教材P10)Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時(shí)間花在自己的業(yè)余愛好上。wouldrather寧愿；寧可wouldrather(not)do...寧愿(不)做……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(woulddo...ratherthando...,wouldratherdo...thando...))＝prefertodo...ratherthando...，表示“寧愿……(而)不愿……；與其……倒不如……”wouldratherhavedone本來想做……(而未實(shí)現(xiàn))wouldrather＋從句eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖聦?shí)相反,過去完成時(shí)表示與過去的事實(shí)相反))①Iwouldratherbelaughedatthanquarrelwithhim.我寧愿被嘲笑，也不愿和他爭(zhēng)吵。②Iwould_rather_fail_thancheatintheexamination.我寧可考試不及格，也不愿意作弊。③Iwouldratherhave_left(leave)anoteonherdesk.我要是留張便條在她書桌上就好了。④I’drather(that)youhadn’t_toldhimaboutitthatday.我真希望你那天沒告訴他那件事。7．(教材P10)Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.于是，他拿出數(shù)百萬元幫助其他人進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備(1)equip...with...用……裝備……equipsb.forsth.使某人具備某物beequippedtodosth.配有做……的裝備(或條件)beequippedwithsth.配有某物bewell/badlyequipped設(shè)備精良的/較差的(2)equipmentn.裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)①M(fèi)ostparentswanttoequiptheirchildrenwithagoodeducation.大多數(shù)父母想讓他們的孩子接受良好的教育。②Everyclassroominthismodernschoolis_equipped_withanewcomputer.這所現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)校里每個(gè)教室都配備一臺(tái)新電腦。③It’samodern,well(good)equippedhospital,andallitsequipment(equip)isofhighquality.這是一個(gè)現(xiàn)代的、裝備精良的醫(yī)院，所有的設(shè)備都具有較高的質(zhì)量。[名師點(diǎn)津]equipment為不可數(shù)名詞，如：officeequipment辦公設(shè)備；sportsequipment運(yùn)動(dòng)器材；apieceofequipment一件設(shè)備。1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?Ifnot,whatkindofplantwouldyouliketotrygrowing?如果種過的話，你是怎樣種植的？如果沒有種過的話，你想要嘗試種什么植物？(1)ifso為省略句式，意為“如果是這樣的話”，if用作連詞，so用來代替上文內(nèi)容，以避免重復(fù)。ifnot為ifso的否定形式。①Willyougetafreeeveningnextweek?Ifso,let’shaveadinner.下周你會(huì)有一個(gè)晚上的空嗎？如果有，讓我們一起吃頓飯吧。②Iseverybodyfeelingcold?If_not,_let’sopenthewindow.大家感到冷嗎？如果不，讓我們把窗戶打開吧。(2)其他類似的省略結(jié)構(gòu)：ifnecessary如果有必要ifpossible如果可能的話ifany如果有的話ifever如果曾經(jīng)有的話③If_necessary,_youcanturntomeforhelp.必要的話，你可以向我求助。④Pleasetrytofindoutthedifferencesbetweenthetwowords.If_any,_speakitout.試著找出這兩個(gè)單詞的不同點(diǎn)。如果有，請(qǐng)大聲說出來。2.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量成為可能。句中it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式短語。it作形式賓語的主要用法是用于“動(dòng)詞＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋真正的賓語”結(jié)構(gòu)中?！皠?dòng)詞＋it＋賓補(bǔ)＋真正的賓語”中的6123結(jié)構(gòu)：●6指常用的動(dòng)詞：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；●1指形式賓語it；●2指賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞和名詞；●3指真正的賓語的三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語從句。①Doyouthinkitnecessarytosayafewwordsatthemeeting?你認(rèn)為有必要在會(huì)上講幾句話嗎？②Ifinditnouseadvising(advice)himtogiveupsmoking.我發(fā)現(xiàn)建議他戒煙是沒有用處的。③ImustmakeitclearthatI’llalwayssupportyou.我必須說清楚我會(huì)一直支持你。3.Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍?！皌wiceaslargeas...”為倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法：1...倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級(jí)＋as...2...倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than...3...倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞size，length，width，height，weight...＋of...4...倍數(shù)＋what從句)①Thisbuildingisfivetimesashighasthatone.這座樓是那座樓的五倍高。②People’saverageincomeisalmostfivetimeswhattheyearnedtenyearsago.人們的平均收入幾乎是十年前的五倍。③Thenewly-broadenedsquareisfour_times_the_size_ofthepreviousone.新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)是未擴(kuò)建時(shí)的四倍大。④Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolisthree_times_largerthantheirs.我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的人數(shù)是他們學(xué)校學(xué)生人數(shù)的三倍。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Hemakesitaruleto_take(take)partinsomephysicallaborthoughheisold.2．Areyouright?Ifso,_Iwillagreewithyou.3．Agreatnumberofpeoplearegoinghungryandhundredsofchildrenhavediedofhunger.(hungry)4．Disturbing(disturb)newscamethatanunknowndiseasewasspreadinginthearea.5．Thetreeisfourtimestaller(tall)thanthatone.6．Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhefocused(focus)moreonitsculture.7．Dina,having_struggled(struggle)formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.8．Thewomanfilmstarhasexpandedhercareertootherfieldsofentertainment.9．Thankstoyourinspiration,Iamsuccessful.10．Havingridthecompanyoftheheavydebts,themanagersmiledwithsatisfaction(satisfy)．Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(expandinto，thanksto，rid...of...，besatisfiedwith，wouldrather，equip...with，strugglewith/against，haveahungerfor...)1.Hiscompanyhas_expanded_intoabigoneaftertenyearsofhardwork.2．Allcarsmustbe_equipped_withpartstoreduceemission.3．Thepoorgirlhasbeenstruggling_with/againstcancerfortwoyears.4．Thelittleboyhas_a_hunger_forprogressinmathwhichispoorcomparedtoothersubjects.5．It’snoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit.6．Iamnotsatisfied_withyourwork;youmustimproveit.7．Nowadaysmanyteenagerswould_rathergetadvicefromstrangersonline.8．We’vecollectedD|S50,000forthepoor,thanks_tothegenerosityofthepublic.一、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Ourforeigntradehasexpanded(擴(kuò)大)duringrecentyears.2．Theaverageoutput(產(chǎn)量)ofthefactoryisreducedto30carsaday.3．Thechildrengotsunburnt(曬黑的)fromadayonthebeach.4．Hewasequippedwithdetailedknowledgeandtherefore(因此)waschasedbymajorcompanies.5．Sheisoldenoughtohavethefreedom(自由)todowhatshelikes.6．Everyyear,Indiaexports(出口)alotofteaandcottontomanydifferentcountries.7．Thisdisturbing(令人不安的)newsreallyupsetmesothatIcouldn'tsleepwell.8．Weshouldequip(配備)ourstudentswithwideknowledgesothattheycandomoreforthecountrywhentheygrowup.9．Itisastruggle(困難)formetoridmyselfofmyfears.10．—Whatisyournationality(國(guó)籍)?—Chinese.ButnowIlivewithmyson'sfamilyintheUS.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．Wemusttryeverywaytorid_our_company_of_these_debts.我們要想盡一切辦法讓公司擺脫這些債務(wù)。2．Duringchildhood,heledahardlifeandhadsome_disturbing_experiences.在童年時(shí)代，他過著艱苦的生活，有著一些令他不安的經(jīng)歷。3．To_their_satisfaction,_theirsonmadegreatachievements.令他們感到滿意的是，他們的兒子取得了重大成就。4．Thevillageexpanded_into_a_town.這個(gè)村莊發(fā)展成了一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。5．Thecouplehungered_to_be_respectedandledanormallife.這對(duì)夫婦渴望得到尊重，過正常的生活。6．Rather_thantakeabus,Iwould_walkthere.與其坐公共汽車去，我還不如走著去那里。7．Imade_it_clear_to_you_thatyoushouldbehaveyourselfattheparty.我明確向你表示過，在聚會(huì)上你應(yīng)該舉止得體。8．Youreducationwillequipyouforyourfuturelife.你所受的教育將使你能適應(yīng)今后的生活。Ⅲ.課文語法填空DrYuanLongping,oneofChina'smostfamousscientists,hasmadegreat1.achievements(achieve)inagriculturebothathomeandabroad.Bornintoapoorfarmer'sfamily,DrYuangraduatedfromSouthwestAgriculturalCollegein1953,whenmanypartsofthecountrysidewereshortoffood.Tosolvetheproblem,DrYuanstruggled2.to_find(find)anewwaytoimproveharvestswithout3.expanding(expand)theareaofthefields.Throughmanyyearsofhardwork,DrYuandeveloped4.whatiscalled“superhybridrice”in1974.Hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworld5.to_grow(grow)ricethathasahighoutput.Hehasalsocirculatedhisknowledgetosomeothercountries.Thanks6.tohisresearch,theUN7.has(have)moretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.DrYuanis8.satisfied(satisfy)withhislifebuthewouldliketohavemoretimetodohisresearch9.freely(free).Famousasheis,DrYuanwantstoleadasimplelifeandhasadreamtoexporthisricesothatitcan10.be_grown(grow)aroundtheworld.Ⅳ.串點(diǎn)成篇微表達(dá)他是一位農(nóng)業(yè)方面的科學(xué)家，使十億多人免于饑餓。他很小的時(shí)候就寧愿(wouldrather)待在自家的農(nóng)場(chǎng)里研究莊稼。那時(shí)候，饑餓是一件令人煩惱的(disturbing)事情。因此(therefore)，他決定使人擺脫(rid...of)饑餓。為與饑餓作斗爭(zhēng)(struggle)，他幫助窮人提高農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量(output)。由于他的努力，墨西哥的小麥產(chǎn)量提高了并且出口(export)到別的國(guó)家。因此，他因在與饑餓作斗爭(zhēng)中所做出的貢獻(xiàn)而獲得了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。He_was_an_agricultural_scientist_who_kept_as_many_as_one_billion_people_free_from_hunger.He_would_rather_stay_on_his_family_farm_studying_crops_when_he_was_very_young,_and_at_that_time,_hunger_was_a_disturbing_problem.Therefore_he_was_determined_to_rid_people_of_hunger.He_helped_poor_people_improve_the_output_of_their_crops_to_struggle_against_hunger.Thanks_to_his_effort,_Mexico_increased_its_wheat_output_and_exported_wheat_to_other_countries.As_a_result,_he_won_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize_for_his_contributions_in_struggling_against_hunger.二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空FarmingandGardeningAgriculturehasalonghistoryinChina.Muchofthewisdom__1__byearlyChinesescientistsisstillusefulforfarmersandgardenerstoday.OneofChina'searly__2__scientistswasJiaSixie,wholivedinthesixthcenturyAD.Hespenthistimedoing__3__intoagriculture.Hecollectedinformation,studiedit,didexperimentsandlearntfromthe__4__offarmers.Around540AD,hewroteabookcalledQiminYaoshu.Thebookisaboutbothfarmingand__5__.Itincludesadviceonthefollowing__6__：growinggreenvegetablesandfruittrees,keepinganimals,andfishinlakes.Therearealso__7__formakingwine.JiaSixie'sbookisa(n)__8__guideforfarming.Firstly,asafarmeryoushoulddothingsattherighttimeoftheyear.Ifyousowseedsand__9__youngplantsinthefieldsatthecorrecttimeoftheyear,yourworkwillbelessand__10__willbebetter.Butifyou__11__natureanddothingsatthewrongtimeoftheyear,youwillhavetodomoreworkandtheresultswillnotbesogood.The__12__ofthesoilisalsoveryimportant.Examinethesoilonyourfarm__13__.Iftheconditionofyoursoilisnotgood,youshouldimproveit.Beforesowingorplantingcrops,youmustcleanroughgroundand__14__weeds.Letsheeporcowswalkonthelandto__15__theweedsoreatthem.Thebestharvestisreachedwhenfarmers__16__thecropsintheirfields.Forexample,donotplantrice__17__inthesamefield.Butifyouplantriceinafieldoneyearandwheatinthefieldthenextyear,youwill__18__goodcrops.Otherscientistssaidthatwheatshouldbeplantedwith__19__betweentheplants,butJiadidexperimentsand__20__thatplantingwheatclosetogetherisbetter.語篇解讀：本文是議論文和說明文的結(jié)合。主要介紹了我國(guó)古代農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家賈思勰對(duì)我國(guó)古代農(nóng)業(yè)的研究和貢獻(xiàn)。他的耕種方法對(duì)我國(guó)古代農(nóng)業(yè)起了重要的指導(dǎo)作用。1．A.discoveredB．recoveredC．reportedD．repeated解析：選A從詞語和搭配考慮，此處只有discovered才能與wisdom搭配。wisdom后的__1__byearlyChinesescientists是過去分詞短語作定語。2．A.industrialB．a(chǎn)griculturalC．culturalD．a(chǎn)rticle解析：選B根據(jù)常識(shí)或上下文可知，賈思勰是我國(guó)古代的農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)家，故選agricultural。3．A.searchB．researchC．experimentD．movement解析：選Bdoresearchinto為固定搭配，意為“進(jìn)行……的研究”，符合語境。4．A.adventuresB．a(chǎn)dvantagesC．traditionD．experience解析：選Dlearnfromtheexperienceoffarmers表示“學(xué)習(xí)農(nóng)民的(耕作)經(jīng)驗(yàn)”，符合語境需要。5．A.nursingB．gardeningC．produceD．trade解析：選B由本文的標(biāo)題和第一段第二句推斷可知，選gardening。6．A.programsB．topicsC．subjectsD．events解析：選C從語境來看，本句的下文介紹一些具體的課題，如種菜、養(yǎng)動(dòng)物等，因此選subject“科目，課題”。7．A.instructionsB．constructionsC．measuresD．treasures解析：選A此處表示造酒的“指導(dǎo)，說明”，選instructions，其他選項(xiàng)與句意不符。8．A.economicalB．practicalC．similarD．regular解析：選Bpracticalguide意為“切實(shí)可行的指導(dǎo)”。economical“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，節(jié)省的”；similar“相似的”；regular“有規(guī)律的”，均與句意不符。9．A.dropB．increaseC．growD．throw解析：選Cgrowyoungplants意為“種植幼苗”，其他選項(xiàng)沒有“種植”之意。10．A.dreamsB．endingC．hopeD．results解析：選Dresult與前文的work相對(duì)，表示“工作投入少，而結(jié)果更好”。11．A.argueagainstB．goagainstC．competewithD．dealwith解析：選Bgoagainstnature意為“違背自然(規(guī)律)”，符合句意。12．A.applicationB．situationC．conditionD．a(chǎn)ddition解析：選Ctheconditionofthesoil表示“土壤的狀況/條件”。13．A.successfullyB．carefullyC．graduallyD．frequently解析：選B前句指出土壤狀況重要，本句說明要細(xì)心、仔細(xì)檢查土壤，因此選carefully。14．A.removeB．pullC．killD．reduce解析：選A從詞語搭配考慮，本句告訴讀者，種莊稼之前需要平整土地和除草，removeweeds意為“清除雜草”。15．A.destroyB．preventC．divideD．limit解析：選A讓牛羊在地里走是為了摧毀雜草或者吃掉雜草，故選destroy。16．A.keepB．improveC．manageD