新概念2第28課知識點講解

Wordsandexpressions1，rare (1)adj.稀有的、罕見的、不尋常的rareanimal稀有動物rarebird珍稀鳥類rareillness疑難雜癥句型itisrare+for(sb.)+todosth.eg.Itisrareforhimtobeabsent.(2)adj.半熟的eg.I’dlikemysteakrare,please.steak牛排welldone全熟medium半生半熟rare幾乎是生的rarelyadv.不常eg.Irarelyeatathome.scarce缺乏的，罕見的，(在某一地方或某一時間段少有)scareresources稀缺資源Watermelonisscarceinwinter。Thefoodisscarceduringthewar.戰(zhàn)爭期間食物短缺?！Ｅ诺摹皫追质臁庇糜⒄Z表達：Howdoyoulikeyoursteakcooked?你的牛排要幾分熟?通常點牛排，或是在高級一點的餐廳點牛肉漢堡，服務生都會這樣問你Howdoyoulikeitcooked?回答的方式也有幾種：全熟是welldone，七分熟是mediumwell，五分熟是medium，四分熟是mediumrare，三分熟是rare。2，ancientadj.古代的，古老的anancientcivilization古代文明ancientEgypt古埃及3，mythn.神話theGreekmyths希臘神話（Greek希臘的，希臘語，希臘人，，，Greece希臘）Legendn.傳奇storyn.故事（最廣）noveln.小說fablen.寓言4，trouble（1）n.麻煩havetroublewithsb./sth.與…..有摩擦eg.JasperWhitehadtroublewithcarsandtheirowners.Thankyouforyourtrouble.謝謝你費神。Notroubleatall.哪的話，不麻煩。askfortrouble自找麻煩（2）困難、苦惱politicaltroubles政治糾紛havetroubleindoingsth.做某事有困難、麻煩ask/lookfortrouble自討苦吃beintrouble有麻煩maketrouble惹麻煩3）v.使某人苦惱eg.Thatstudentssometimestroublestheteacherwithhardquestions.troubleover/about為……擔心eg.Don’ttroubleaboutthat.別為那事?lián)摹Ｏ嚓P短語：getsbintotrouble使某人陷入困境

introuble陷入困境Nothinggiveshimmorepleasurethanhelpingsomeoneintrouble.

沒有一件事要比幫助陷入困境的人帶給他更大的快樂。Tonguetwister：Don’ttroubletroublesuntiltroubletroublesyou︱︱︱V．惹麻煩n.麻煩n.麻煩V．惹麻煩5,effect(1)n.效果、影響haveeffectonsb./sth.=affecteg.Theteacher’swordshadagreateffectonhim.haveaneffect有效果havenoeffect沒有效果Theadvicehasnoeffectonme=Theadvicedidn’taf(2)n.結果causeandeffect因果bring/oeffect使……有效果ineffect實際上eg.Thevice-presidentis,ineffect,theleaderofthecompany.

二，課文解析1，

JasperWhiteisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.賈斯珀.懷特是少有的相信古代神話的人之一。區(qū)別believe和believein的用法：believesomeone相信（是真實的），believeinsomeone信任，信仰（徹徹底底的相信）Doyoubelievewhathesaid?你相信他說的話嗎？Ibelievehim,butIdon’tbelieveinhim.我相信他的話，但不信任他這個人。You’vegottobelieveinyourself,oryou’llneversucceed.你得相信自己，否則你永遠都成功不了。DoyoubelieveinGod?你相信有上帝嗎？

Ibelieved(that)youbelongedtothatcompany.·

我相信你屬于那家公司。

2，Butnoneofthemhasbeenturnedtostoneyet!

但到目前為止還沒有一個變成石頭呢！turnto表示向……求助，與turn搭配的短語還有：

turnon打開turnoff關掉

turnup偶然出現(xiàn)；露面；發(fā)生；開大turndown把..調低，關小turnover翻身，翻轉；turnsthovertosb移交給

turnoutv.結果是,證明是；制造，生產,

turnin上交，提交,；交還，退還（不需要的東西）inturn輪流地turnon/offthelight開燈/關燈Pleaseturnthevolumedown/up。請把音量調低/高點。Pleaseturnofftheelectricpower.請把電源關掉。Wearrangedtomeetat7.30,butshedidn’tturnup.但她根本沒有露面，Sheisstillhopingsomethingwillturnup.她仍然在希望有機會會出現(xiàn)。Ifyouturnoveryoumightfinditeasiertogettosleep.你若翻個身也許入睡容易些。Heturnedthebusinessovertohisdaughter.他把這個企業(yè)交給了女兒管理。Itturnedoutthatshewasafriendofmysister.她原來是我姐姐的朋友。Thefactoryturnsout900carsaweek.這家工廠每周生產900輛汽車。Thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.這部影片結果大獲成功。You

mustturninyourpasswhenyouleavethebuilding.你離開大樓時必須交還通行證。Onlyafewgunshavebeenturnedinsofar.時至今日只上繳了少數(shù)幾枝搶。

Sheaskedthesamequestionofeveryoneinturn.她依次向每一個人問同樣的問題。3,

ItisoneoftheugliestfacesIhaveeverseen.

這是我見過的最丑陋的頭像之一本句中有一個定語從句Ihaveeverseen,關系代詞that被省略了，原因是被修飾的名詞face在從句中做的是賓語，因此可以將關系代詞省去。6，Becauseofthis,hehasnotbeenabletogethisowncarintohisgarageevenonce.becauseof由于because+從句becauseof+n./pron./doingeg.Becauseitwasraining,Ihadtostayathome.Becauseofraining,Ihadtostayathome.7，Ihaveeverdone一旦作定語從句修飾名詞時，這個名詞前面往往用最高級ThisisthemostdifficultthingIhaveeverdone.ThisisthemostterriblenewsIhaveeverheard.三，Specialdifficulties☆定語從句定語從句句子作定語，一般放在被修飾詞后。關系代詞：who,whom,which,thatwho在從句當中作主語或做賓語whom只能在從句當中做賓語which指物，既可以作主語，又可以作賓語that即可以指物，又可以指人，既可以作主語也可以作賓語。whose后面一定要加一個名詞，然后這個部分共同作主語或賓語關系代詞有兩個功能，一是承上，一是啟下☆如果關系代詞在從句中作賓語，關系代詞可以省略。先行詞放在定語從句前面，而且是主句和從句共同含有的一個詞，還是被定語從句修飾的詞Ihaveabookthat/whichhelikes.who在從句中指代的是單數(shù),就是用單數(shù)對待，在從句中指代的是復數(shù),就是復數(shù)對待。如果定語從句中出現(xiàn)了oneof作為先行詞，它后面的關系代詞指代的是后面的復數(shù)名詞。如果在oneof前面還有一修飾詞only,那么后邊的關系代詞將指代one這個詞。Heistheonlyonethoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.☆oneof直接作主語的時候，它是作單數(shù)看待oneoftheanswersistrue.oneofthosepeopleisgood.在主從復合句中，充當主句某一成分（主語，賓語。表語，狀語）的定語的主謂結構叫定語從句。定語從句一般是由關系代詞（who，that，which，whose，whom）或關系副詞（when，where，why）引導的。eg.DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?AtthetimewhenIsawhim,hewaswell.限制性定語從句如果修飾人，一般用關系代詞who或用that，做主語時用who較多，且不可省略，如果這個關系代詞在從句中做賓語，用賓格whom或that，在口語中用who代替，但在大多數(shù)情況下都可以省略。Heisaman__youcansafelydependonHeisamanthatyoucansafelydependon.Heisamanwhoyoucansafelydependon.Heisamanwhomyoucansafelydependon.Heisamanyoucansafelydependon.在表示“……的”這個所以關系的時候么可以用它的所有格whose。eg.Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhosefamilyisinthenortheast?限制性定語從句如果修飾“物”，用關系代詞that或which（但在從句中做主語時不可省略）。eg.Theparcelthat/whichcamejustnowwasforTom.在介詞后只能用whicheg.Thetoolwithwhichheisworkingiscalledawrench.復習一下定語從句的相關語法

關系代詞可以有四個概念：

a.代人的，做主語或賓語who，只做賓語的whom

b.代物的，做主語或賓語which

c.代人的也可以代物的做主語或賓語that

d.whose其代表的東西由其在句子中的成分決定

我有一個房子，房子的窗戶都破了。

Ihaveahousewhosewindowsarebroken.

e.介詞后不可以用that

Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.

他曾上學的學校很出名。Exercise根據(jù)句義填入適當?shù)膯卧~，首字母已經給出。1.Thatbirdisveryr______inthiscountry.2.Xi’anisana_____city.Them______aboutelephantscharmseverychild.Theboycausedalotoft______tohisparents.Alcoholic(含酒精)drinkcanhaveabade______onyourbody.Iamn______ready.Wecangoinaminute.Heb_______inancientmyths.Butn____ofthemhasbeencametomycountryyet1Shewillt______carsandtheirownerstostones.Itisoneoftheu________picturesIhaveeverseen.二．單項選擇。1.Mr.Smith___ancientmyths.A.believeB.believeinC.believesinD.believes2.___this,wecouldn’tgofortheparty.A.BecauseofB.BecauseC.BecauseinD.Becauseby3.____ofthemhasbeenturnedtostone.A.NooneB.NoneC.NoD.Evenone4.Exerciseisgood____thehealth,theteacherisverygood___thesechileren.A.fortoB.atatC.toforD.withwith5.Whenwouldyouliketoreturn_____?A.tohomeB.yourhomeC.backhomeD.toyourhome6.Hedrivesverycarefullyandsoheneverhastroubles___trafficpolice..A.forB.inC.withD.from7.Kate____NewYorkverywell,becauseshe___thereforsevenyears.A.knows/haslivedB.knew/haslivedC.knows/livesD.isknowing/haslived8.Theboxisfull______books.A.byB.withC.ofD.off9.___you____soundlylastnight?A.Do/sleptB.Did/sleptC.Did/sleepD.Were/sleep10.Theflower____sweet.A.smellB.smellsC.issmeltD.issmell11.-IsawKevininthesupermarketthismorning.-No,,it______him.HemovedtoCanadalastweek.A.canbeB.mustbeC.can’tbeD.mustn’tbe12.Iamfeelingmuchbetternowsoyou___callthedoctor.A.canbeB.mustbeC.can’tD.needn’t13.--Thistaskistooheavy.I_____moveit.Couldyouhelpme?---Noproblem.A.canB.can’tC.shouldD.shouldn’t14.-Let’sgototheWestHillParkbytaxi.--Oh,itisnotfarawayfromhere.We____takeataxi.A.coldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.can’t15.Sorry,Iamlate._____Icomein,Mr.Wang?A.CanB.MayC.MustD.would16.---Dad,whyshouldIstop_____computergames?--Foryourhealth,myboy,Iamafraidyou______.A.toplay/mustB.playing/havetoC.toplay/canD.playing/may17.I_____notgotohispartyifIamnotinvited.A.willB.wouldC.canD.should18.Mum,you_____worryaboutme.It’snothingserious.A.needB.mustC.needn’tD.can’t19.-Susan’sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.--It____beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.can’tD.mustn’t20.People___alwaysbecarefulwithfire,oritcanbedangerous.A.canB.needn’tC.mustD.shouldn’t三，寫作。最近我們學校來了一批交換生，在相互交流時，大家不約而同的談起一件事：父母們并不完全理解自己。下面是部分同學的談話內容。Susan:Ihopemymomwillnotlookatthetextmessageinmymobilephone.Jack:IhatemymothersittingbesidemewhenIamdoingmyhomework.Tom:Myfatherisoftennotathomeandnevertalkwithmeaboutmystudy.Mike: