英語(yǔ)故事后來(lái)居上

英語(yǔ)故事青出于藍(lán)青出于藍(lán)中文青出于藍(lán)汲黯是西漢武帝時(shí)代人，以剛正正義、敢講實(shí)話而受人尊敬。他為人和當(dāng)官都不拘細(xì)節(jié)，講究實(shí)效。固然表面上不那么大張旗鼓，卻能把一個(gè)郡治理得有條不紊，所以，朝廷把他從東海太守調(diào)到朝廷當(dāng)主爵都尉——一種主管地方吏任免的官職。有一次，漢武帝說(shuō)要推行儒家的仁義之政，為老百姓辦妥事了。沒(méi)等皇帝把話說(shuō)完，汲黯就說(shuō)：“陛下內(nèi)心里那么貪心多欲，表面上卻要裝得推行德政，這是何必呢？”一句話把皇帝噎了回去。漢武帝登時(shí)神色大變，宣告罷朝，滿朝文武都為汲黯捏著一把汗，擔(dān)憂他會(huì)所以招來(lái)大禍。武帝回到宮里此后，對(duì)身旁的人說(shuō)，汲黯這個(gè)人也不免太粗太直了。此后此后，汲黯的官職再也沒(méi)有提高。他當(dāng)主爵都尉的時(shí)候，公孫弘、張湯都仍是不起眼的小官，此后，他們一個(gè)勁兒住上漲，公孫弘當(dāng)上了丞相，張湯做上了御史醫(yī)生，可他汲黯還蹲在原地沒(méi)動(dòng)窩。有一天，汲黯對(duì)武帝說(shuō)，陛下使用群臣，跟碼劈柴同樣，是“后來(lái)者居上”??！漢武帝自然聽(tīng)得出這是發(fā)怨言。于是，轉(zhuǎn)臉對(duì)臣下們說(shuō)：“人真是不可以不學(xué)習(xí)?。∧銈兟?tīng)汲黯說(shuō)話，愈來(lái)愈離譜了！”故事出自《史記?汲鄭傳記》。成語(yǔ)“青出于藍(lán)”，常常指后起的能夠賽過(guò)先前的。和汲黯說(shuō)這話的原意，大不同樣。青出于藍(lán)英文ThelatecomerssurpasstheoldtimersThissetphraseisderivedfromthecomplaintsJiAnmadetotheemperor.JiAnlivedatthetimeofEmperorWudioftheWesternHanDynasty(xīhàn西漢,206B.C.-A.D.24).Hewasrespectedforbeinguprightandjustandfordaringtospeakthetruth.Hedidnotbotheraboutamallmattersinpersonalbehaviourandinbeinganofficial.Hewasparticularaboutactualeffectsand,althoughhedidnotcauseastir,hecouldkeeptheprefecturehegovernedinperfectorder.Becauseofthis.theimperialcourttransferredhimtothecentralgovernmentfrombeingtheperfectoftheDonghaiPrefecturetobeingacommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficals.Once,EmperorWudisaidthathewouldimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticeofConfucianismandwoulddogoodturnstothepeople.EmperorWudiHadhardlyfinishedhisremardswhenJiAnsaidthattherewasnoneedfortheemperortosayso.Whyshouldtheemperorbother,JiAnsaid,aboutpretendingtoimplementthepolicyofbenevolenceandjusticesincehewassogreedyandavariciouswithinhimself?Thischokedtheemperoroff.TheemperorsuddenlyChangedhiscountenanceanddeclaredthemeetingover.AllthecivilianandmilitaryofficersatcourtwerebreathlesswithanxietyforfearthatJiAnmightbringdisasteruponhimselfbecauseofthis.Afterreturning,EmperorWudisaidtothepeoplearoundhimthatJiAnwasalittletoorudeandtoostraightforward.Forthisreason,JiAnwasneverpromotedagain.Whenhewasthecommanderinchargeoftheappointmentanddismissalofthelocalofficials,bothGongsunHongandZhangTangwerelow-rankinglfficialsoflittleimportance.Later,theywerepromotedcontinuously.GongsunHongbecametheprimeministerandZhangTangbecametheimperialcensor.However,JiAn’spostremainedthesame.Oneday,JiAnsaidtoEmperorWudithatthewaytheemperorusedhisministerswasjustlikepilingupfirewood,whichmeantthatthelatecomerssurpassedtheold-timers.Ofcourse,EmperorWudicouldseethatJiAnwascomplaining.So,turningtohisministers,EmperorWudisaid,“Itistruethatnoonecanstoplearning.Yousee,JiAnismakingmoreandmoreindiscreetremarks.”This

story

comesfrom

TheHistorical

Records.

Latergenerationsusethesetphrase

“thelatecomerssurpasstheold-timers“toindica