托福(聽力)歷年真題試卷匯編1(題后含答案及解析)

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！托福（聽力）歷年真題試卷匯編1題后含答案及解析)題型有：1.ListeningComprehensionSection：ListeningComprehension聽力原文：Listentoaconversationbetweenastudent(S)andherarchitectureprofessor(P).S:YesterdayIhappenedtobeflickingthroughoneofmyroommatesmagazineswhenastrikingdigitalimageofanurbanbuildingcaughtmyattention.Theunusualformofthebuilding,specificallythewayitsroofwasshapedintoseveralsteep,sharppoints,itwasreallyunique.Kindoffuturistic,youknow?WhenIstoppedandactuallyreadthearticledescribingit,Iwasevenmoreintrigued!TheteamthatsproposingthedesigncallsitanP:Yes,’veheardaboutthat.Theicebergdesignisafascinatingconcept.Areyouconsideringusingthatforyourmodelproject?S:Yes,thatsexactlywhatImean!Itsreallycutting-edge.P:Itis.What’reworkingwith,essentially,isabuildingthatreallyboilsdowntotwocomponents:asteelskeletonandalsoaflexiblehigh-techplasticfabricthatencasesthesteelskeleton.S:Yeah!Irememberreadingthat.Itssupposedtofunctionprettymuchlikeatent,right?P:Thatscorrect!Ituseshardlyanybuildingmaterialsasaresult.Fewermaterialsmeanthatitsmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Now,doyouknowwhytheicebergwasproposed?S:No.P:Well,itwasthedesignersmissiontocreatebuildingsthatcouldbeveryquicklyassembledtoprovideattractiveretailspace.S:Hmm...,interesting.P:Yousee,undevelopedcitysitesneedtobeeffectivelyused;otherwisetheymightbecomeahugefinancialburdentothepropertyowner.Theownerhastocontinuetopaytaxesontheland,evenwhenitsnothingmorethananemptylot.Sowiththeirvision,theythoughtofputtingupaniceberg.Thepropertyownerwouldrentoutthespaceandthatwouldhelpgenerateincomefortheowner.S:Awesome!mprettysurethattheicebergconceptwouldbeidealfortheprojectnow.P:Seemsso.Andyoureadaboutairbeamsinthemagazinearticle,right?S:Actually,Isawthetermusedacoupleoftimes,butIdidntquiteunderstandthedetails.P:Well,onereasonthatthistypeofbuildingisabletomorphintosuchunusualshapesandleanitswallsatsuchextremeanglesisthatemptysectionsofplasticaresewnin,andthesesectionsaretheninflatedwithair.Theseinflatedairbeamsmakeitpossibletohavedifferenttypesofextensionsoneachbuilding,likethepointedsectionsoftheroofyoumentioned.Andthey’resturdy,solid,andstillverylightweight.S:Ahh...Iguessthisiswhythey’renicknamedinflatablebuildings.P:Thatsright,sothey’reafeaturecriticaltogetright,ok?S:Gotit.Illmakesuretogetuptospeedonthatthen.P:Great!Oh,bytheway,beforeyouheadoff,areyougoingtobeabletojointhegroupforthefieldtriptotheFrankLloydWrighthouse?Ihavetosubmitthenamestothedean.Itsonthe20th,remember?S:Oh,yes,the20th.Itsonthesyllabus,butyousaidthatitwasvoluntary,right?1．Whydoesthestudentspeakwiththeprofessor?．Todiscussanarchitecturalconceptshewouldliketoworkwith.．Toreviewherworkonaprojectsherecentlysubmitted.C．Toaskforassistancecomingupwithanideaforherassignment.．Togooveranarticletheprofessorhadassigned.正確答案：AAreyouconsideringusingthatforyourmodelproject?際開展。然而D選項(xiàng)都提到是教授已經(jīng)安排或者學(xué)生已經(jīng)提交的作業(yè)，均可排除。此題最容易混淆選項(xiàng)為C，即學(xué)生想讓教授幫她想一個(gè)作業(yè)的思路。也就是說，學(xué)生沒有任何思路，尋求教授的幫助。而這點(diǎn)與原文不符的是，學(xué)生自己在magazine上看到了icebergC選授的角色表達(dá)出來的。針對這種情況，建議大家還是要找好表達(dá)意圖的關(guān)鍵詞，consideringthinkaboutwondering等等，通過關(guān)鍵詞位置來判定到底那一句話表達(dá)了對話的意圖。2．Whatpointdothespeakersmakewhentheydiscussthematerialsusedintheicebergdesign?．Thethicknessofmaterialsrequiresthattheybecutwithspecialequipment.．Theamountofmaterialsusedreducedtheimpactontheenvironment.C．Thematerialsaredesignedtohelpcoolthebuilding.．Thematerialsaremoreexpensivethanbuildingmaterialstypicallyusedinurbanstructures.正確答案：Bssupposedtofunctionprettymuchlikeatent，right?即把iceberg比做tent，教授表示贊同并具體解釋道iceberg用材少的優(yōu)點(diǎn)：Fewermaterialsmeanthatitsmoreenvironmentallyfriendly．B選項(xiàng)正是其優(yōu)點(diǎn)同義替換，因此是正確選項(xiàng)。而該教授未提及材料可降溫、需削減厚度，故A和C均不正確。此外，教授提到用材少很環(huán)保，但未就價(jià)格上和一般建筑材料進(jìn)行對比，故B也不正確。3．Whydoestheprofessormentionretailspace?．Topointouthowquicklymodernretailstructuresarebuilt.．Toprovidebackgroundonwhytheicebergdesignwascreated.C．Toexplainthecauseofcitystaxproblem.．Tointroducethefocusofthesnextmodelproject.正確答案：Biceberg提出原因的提問：Nowdoyouknowwhytheicebergwasproposed?學(xué)生無法作答后，教授自行回答itwasthedesigner’smissiontocreatebuildingsthatcouldbeveryquicklyassembledtoprovideattractiveretailspace．因此教授提到retailspace是為了說明iceberg設(shè)計(jì)的初衷，故B選項(xiàng)正確。雖然教授提到iceberg搭建方便快速，但無法推斷出A選項(xiàng)中表述的modernretailstructures的建造速度，故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。retailspace的建立是為了解決稅收問題，而非稅收問題產(chǎn)生的原因，故C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。本部分未提及下次項(xiàng)目，故D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。4．Whatdoestheprofessorsayaboutairbeams?Clickon2answers.．Theypermitanicebergtoassumeavarietyofshapes.．Theytakealongtimetomanufacture.C．Theyprovidesupporttotheiceberg.．Theyaremadepartlyfromsteel.正確答案：，CairbeamActually,Isawthetermusedacoupleoftimes，butIdidn’tquiteunderstandthedetails．緊接著教授對airbeam這一術(shù)語進(jìn)行了解釋，onereasonthatthistypeofbuildingisabletomorphintosuchunusualshapesandleanitswallsatsuchextremeanglesisthatemptysectionsofplasticaresewninandthesesectionsaretheninflatedwithair．即符合A選項(xiàng)多種形狀和Cdon’tunderstandconfusedpuzzled等等，后面的教授的回答部分是考察的重點(diǎn)。而該部分未提到生產(chǎn)時(shí)間的長短，故B選項(xiàng)不正確。教授的解釋部分說明emptysectionsofplastic，故airbeam是塑料質(zhì)地，而非steel，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。5．Listenagaintopartoftheconversation,thenanswerthequestion.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthestudent?．ShehadalreadybeentotheFrankLloydWrighthouse.．Shewouldprefertoleadthetour,notbeagroupmember.C．Shewasnotfullyawareofthetripsdate.．Shedoesnotintendtogoonthetrip.正確答案：Dbutyousaidthatitwasbut旅程和已經(jīng)去過FrankLloydWrighthouse均未提及，所以A和B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。學(xué)生對出行日期非常明確，所以C選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。在多數(shù)情況下，推斷題的正確答案往往使用對話中未提到的單詞。聽力原文：Listentopartofalectureinanarthistoryclass.Professor:Aswediscussedinourlastclass,oneofthehighpointsinthehistoryofartiscertainlytheItalianRenaissanceofthe14thtothe16thcenturies,andsurelyonemaincharacteristicsoftheItalianRenaissancewastheceilingoftheSistineChapelinRome.So,howdidthisparticularworkofartcometobe?Well,in1508afamousyoungsculptorwascommissionedtopaintanewceilingforthisimportantchapel.HisnamewasMichelangelo.Hewascommissionedtopaintaceilingwithscenesofvariouswell-knownstories.Thisceilingwashuge:over900squaremeters,plusitwas20metersormoreofftheground.Now,theactualtermforthekindofpaintinghedidthereisfresco.”Fresco”inItalianmeansfresh”orwet.”Itmeanspaintingdirectlyontowetplaster.Now,themethodwasntnew,butitbecameverypopularduringtheItalianRenaissance.Anyway,afrescoisasimpleenoughconcept,butmucheasiersaidthandone.Youwouldhaveyourwall,orinthiscaseaceiling,alreadybuilt,andtodoafrescoyouwouldtakefresh,wetplasterandsmoothitontothewallorceilingtomakeafresh,moistlayer,andthenpaintdirectlyontothatwetplaster.Thegoodthingaboutthisis,assoonasyouputonthepaintitstartssinkingintotheplaster,sowhentheplasterdries,thepaint,thecolor,islockedintoit.Ithasliterallybecomepartofthewallorceilingorwhateverandso.lfyoudoitright,thecolors,theimagesinafresco,couldlastaverylongtime,butrememberwesaidthatfrescoesaredifficulttoactuallycarryout?Well,onebigproblemisthetimelimitation.Youcanonlypaintwhiletheplasteriswet.Assoonastheplasterdries,thepaintnolongersinksintoit.Thepaintcolorwouldnolongeractuallybecomepartofthewallorceiling,soassoonasyoulayonaplasterlayer,youhavetogettoworkonitwithonlyabout24hoursatmostfromthetimetheplastersapplieduntilthetimeitdries,andthereshardlyanyroomforerroreither.Assoonasthepainttouchestheplaster,itstartstobecomepartofit.Theresverylittleopportunitytocorrectanymistakes.Ok,soyoucanonlylayoutasmuchplasterasyoucantofinishpaintingthatday,buthowmuchisthat?Well,typicallyanartistcoulddoabout,well,arectangle,maybeameterbyameterandahalf,sofrescopaintingwasinthisrespectradicallydifferentfromotherkindsofpainting,frompaintingoncanvasesandwoodenpanels.Youwerealwaysworkingagainsttheclock.Infact,theresastoryofoneItalianpainterwhowouldpaintwithonebrushineachhandjusttobemoreefficient.Now,itwasntjusttheartthatMichelangelohadtoworryabout.Healsohadtoworryaboutlogisticaldetails.Asidefromgettingpaintswhichwerereallyexpensiveatthetime,therewastheparticularlydifficultproblemofpaintingaceiling,aceilingofachurchthatwasstillbeingusedforceremoniestheentiretimeitwasbeingpainted.Andremember,besidesbeingnearly1,000squaremetersinarea,theceilinghehadtopaintwas20metersupormore.Isanyoneelseherescaredofheights?Toaddtothedifficulties,thisceilingwasntflat,butcurved,soMichelangeloneededspecialscaffoldingtodohiswork.Traditionalscaffoldinginvolvesbuildingladdersupfromthefloorwithaplatformatthetopwhereyoucanstandorsitorliedown,asMichelangelomayhavedone,todoyourwork.Thiswouldhavebeenfinefortheheightandshapeandsizeofthebuildingitself,butallthoseladdersholdingupplatformswouldhavereallyclutteredthefloor,soinsteadMichelangelobuiltasystemofwoodenfootbridgesthatcameoutfromthewallsofthechapel.So,MichelangelosceilingthereintheSistineChapelwasntjustabeautifulworkofRenaissanceart,butoneofthegreatexamplesofaverydifficultartform,afresco,withallthelogisticsinvolvedinthiscaseandthemassivekindofundertakingthatitwas.So,evenasidefromitsbeautyanditshistoricalsignificance,theSistineChapel,especiallythatceiling,isrecognizedtodayasoneoftheachievementsoftheItalianRenaissance.6．Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?．ThecreationofaparticularworkofRenaissanceart．TheconstructionofatypicalchurchoftheItalianRenaissanceC．ThelifeofafamousItalianRenaissanceartist．ThehistoryoffrescopaintinginItaly正確答案：A解析：內(nèi)容主旨題。本題的線索詞為lastclass，在講座的開端部分教授從上次課的主題過渡到今日的主題ceilingoftheSistineChapelhowdidthisparticularworkofartcometobe?是主旨題的做題依據(jù)，即主要內(nèi)容是講SistineChapel壁畫是如何完成的，所以A選項(xiàng)正確，并將講座中的ceilingoftheSistineChapel改寫為更概括的aparticularwork。講座側(cè)重于介紹壁畫完成方法及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，主要內(nèi)容并非壁畫歷史，也并非文藝復(fù)興建筑的介紹，所以B和D選項(xiàng)不正確。講座并未以米開朗琪羅為主線進(jìn)行介紹，所以C選項(xiàng)不正確。7．Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisoneadvantageofusingthefrescotechnique?．Thefrescotechniqueiseasytolearn.．Afrescocanbecompletedquickly.C．Afrescocanlastalongtime.．Thematerialsformakingafrescoareinexpensive.正確答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。本題線索詞為thegoodthing，在介紹完fresco的概念后，教授開始介紹其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。首先講到優(yōu)點(diǎn)，教授提到顏料可以滲透進(jìn)去，thecolors，theimagesinafrescocouldlastaverylongtime，即圖像持續(xù)時(shí)間久，所以C選項(xiàng)正確。frescoA和B選項(xiàng)不正確。后文提到paintswerereallyexpensive，故D選項(xiàng)與原文相悖，不正確。8．Accordingtotheprofessor,whyisafrescopaintedbeforetheplasterdries?．Sothatthecolorsofthepaintscanbeblendedbetter．SothathumanformswillappearmorelifelikeC．Sothatmistakescanbecorrectedeasily．Sothatthepaintwillsinkintotheplaster正確答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。線索詞為onebigproblem，在介紹完fresco的優(yōu)點(diǎn)后，教授解釋其缺點(diǎn)：AssoonastheplasterdnesthepaintnolongersinksintoitThepaintcolorwouldnolongeractuallybecomepartofthewallorceiling．即若在plaster干之后，顏料無法滲透進(jìn)去。題目對該部分進(jìn)行了改寫，plaster干之前畫完壁畫的目的是讓顏料滲透進(jìn)去，所以D正確。根據(jù)該部分，壁畫在干后不宜修改，所以C選項(xiàng)不正確。A和B選項(xiàng)在該部分未提及。9．Whydoestheprofessormentiontheartistwhopaintedwithapaintbrushineachhand?．ToexplainhowMichelangelolearnedtopaint．ToemphasizetheneedforfrescopainterstoworkquicklyC．TodescribehowtheSistinesceilingwaspainted．ToillustratetheingeniouscreativityofRenaissanceartists正確答案：B解析：組織結(jié)構(gòu)題。線索詞in，前文中提到fresco的完成必須在一定的時(shí)間內(nèi)Youwerealwaysworkingagainsttheclock.緊接著教授舉了oneItalianpainter的例子。舉例目的就是為了說明他需要盡快完成(againsttheclock，搶時(shí)間，所以B選項(xiàng)正確。10．WhydidMichelangelochoosetobuildfootbridgesratherthantraditionalscaffoldingwhenhepaintedthechapel?．Toreachboththewallsandtheceilingofthechapel．TopaintwhilelyingonhisbackforlongperiodsoftimeC．Toaccommodatethecurvedshapeofthechapelsceiling．Tokeepthefloorclearforceremoniesinthechapel正確答案：D解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。線索詞difficulties，在描述困難部分，教授提到traditionalscaffoldingclutterthe讓地面雜亂的footbridges來解決這一問題。從而keepthefloorclean，故D選項(xiàng)正確。此部分使用對比的方法突出footbridges與傳統(tǒng)手腳架的區(qū)別，需留意對比的信號詞but和insteadThiswouldhavebeenfinefortheheightandshapeandsizeofthebuildingitself，可得知適合拱形的天花板的形狀，因此C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。此外，、B選項(xiàng)也都不符合原文。．Listenagaintopartofthelecture,thenanswerthefollowingquestion.Whatdoestheprofessorimplywhenhesaysthis?．TherewasoneproblemthatMichelangelowasunabletoovercome.．Michelangelosreputationasagreatartistmaybesomewhatexaggerated.C．Hehassuggestionsabouthowstudentscandealwithdifficultsituations.．Manypeoplewouldhavebeenuncomfortablepaintingthechapelsceiling.正確答案：D解析：推論題。重聽內(nèi)容涉及到fresco完成的三個(gè)困難，即作畫期間教堂仍舉辦儀式、面積大、需高空作畫，因此D選項(xiàng)正確，即“恐高”對多數(shù)人來說A選項(xiàng)相反：同理B選項(xiàng)也就不正確。教授只是客觀地陳述困難，并未給出建議，所以C選項(xiàng)不正確。聽力原文：Listentopartofalectureinapsychologyclass.P:Today,IwanttotalkabouttheapplicationofFMRIsforstudyingpersonality.FMRIsproduceimagesofthebrainwhileitsprocessinginformationorstimuli.IguessyouarefamiliarwithMRI,whichisamedicalimagingtechniqueusedfordiagnosticpurposes.However,FMRIsaremainlyusedintheresearchworld.StandardmedicalMRIsonlyvisualizeinternalbrainstructures,butFMRIsshowwhatsactuallyhappeninginsidethebrain.Theytellastoryofhowthebrainisactuallyfunctioningatagiventime.ThatmakesFMRIsamoreusefulresearchtoolthanmedicalMRIs.AsforhowFMRIswork,well,basically,theyusemagneticfieldstomeasurebrainactivityindifferentpartsbydetectingassociatedchangesinbloodflowandoxygenlevels.Soinasense,thisinformationallowsyoutoproducedetailedpicturesofthebrain,amapwithdifferentpartsofthebrain,withdifferentactionsoremotions,oreventhoughts.Andnow,byusingthistechnology,psychologistshavebeenseekingforanswersforsomequestionsabouthumanpersonality.Personalityisasetofpsychologicalcharacteristicsthatremainstableovertime.Thequestionswereabout,forexample,thetypesofpersonalityandtheexistenceofitself.Doesthissoundfamiliartoanyone?S:Well,asforthosequestionsvementioned,Ireadthechapteranditsaysthatquestionnairesarentveryreliable.P:Right,well,therearesomeweaknessesusingpsychologicalquestionnaires.Afterall,theinformationconductedfromquestionnairescanbeinaccurate.Thatssimplybecausetheyrelyonwhatpeoplesayaboutthemselves.Andthatcanbesubjectivewithlotsofinfluencescausedbymanyextraneousfactorssuchasmemory,ordesiretopresentthemselvesinthebestpossiblelight.So,questionnairescanbesomewhatunreliable.Butyoucannotneglectthementirely.Imean,questionnairesandothertraditionalmethodsarestillrelevanttoday.tthatright,Paula?S:Yes,butfromwhatIread,FMRIsstudyseemedreallygoodontheamygdalastudy?P:Well,yes,letstalkaboutthat.TheamygdalastudydonewithFMRIshaditsconclusionwellsupported.Theamygdala,sonamedbecauseitresemblesanalmond,isasetofnucleiinthebrain,anditsresponsibleforregulatingtheemotionsoffearandanxiety.Youmightrecall,inthisstudy,subjectswereshownpicturesofangry,andfearfulfaces,andtheresearchersexaminedhowtheirbrainrespondedtoit.Well,insomeofthesubjects,theamygdalawasactivatedwhentheysawthepicture.YoucouldseechangesintheFMRIs.Ontheotherhand,inothersubjects,therewerenochangesobserved.Andthen,whatsinterestingwasayearlater,thesamegroupofpeoplewastestedagainwiththesameprocedure,andtheirresponsesremainedthesame.Forpeoplewhoseamygdalalitupthefirsttime,itlitupagainayearlater.Whatthisstudysuggestsisthatthereactiontofearfulstimuli,oneaspectofpersonality,isstableovertime.Soitmightbeapartialcounterargumenttotheclaimthatpersonalitydoesnotremainstableovertime.S:SowhataboutotherFMRIsstudies?Arethereanyotherpotentialproblems?P:Well,ingeneral,alotofpeoplemisunderstandpersonalityneurosciencewiththesurgeofexcitement.Theproblemisover-interpretation.ResearcherswhouseFMRIsplacesignificanceonwheretherearentanyreally.Ithinkourbrainsareincrediblycomplicated,youknow?Measuringbloodflowcantpossiblytellyouaboutthesophisticatedprocessesattheneurobiologicallevel.S:Whataboutthosebrainmapsinourbook?Doesanyonerememberwhichpartofthebrainisassociatedwithvariousthoughts?P:IhavetosayhowIseeit.ThebrainmapsyougetfromtheFMRIsstudiesarelike...sortof...geographicalmaps.They’reuseful,butyoucannotgeteverythingoutofit.They’relimited.’renotgoingtotellyoumuchaboutthepeopleofthecountry,forinstance.Thesamegoesforbrainmaps.Thatshowyouheightenactivityinaregionofthebrain.Buttheydonttellyou,forexample,whypeoplebehaveastheydo.Therefore,youstillneedthesupportoftraditionalresearchmethods.So,youshouldntthrowthoseawayandtakethemintoaccount.12．Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?．Contrastingtheoriesonpersonalitydevelopmentinhumans．TheroleofFMRIsinpsychologicalresearchC．AcontroversialstudythatwasconductedusingFMRIs．Arecentdiscoveryaboutastructureinthebrain正確答案：B解析：內(nèi)容主旨題。線索詞為教授所說：Today．IwanttotalkabouttheapplicationofFMRIsforstudyingpersonality．本篇講座開門見山式地直接提出主FMRIs(功能性核磁共振成像技術(shù)進(jìn)行心理學(xué)研究——人格心理學(xué)或個(gè)性心理學(xué)。A所以AFMRIsamygdala(杏仁核研究，但并未提及該研究有何爭議性，所以C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞“大腦結(jié)構(gòu)”在文中用于解釋核磁共振成像)技術(shù)的定義，屬文章細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，且與主題內(nèi)容FMRIs不符。對于內(nèi)容主旨題而言，除非全文對比，否則含有比較邏輯的選項(xiàng)需直接排除。13．WhyarestandardmedicalMRIslessusefulinneurosciencethanFMRIs?．Theyproduceimageswhichrevealonlybrainstructures.．Theyprovideonlyblack-and-whiteimages.C．Theydonotcreatethree-dimensionalimagesofthebrain.．Theyproducelessclearimages.正確答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。線索詞為教授所說：StandardmedicalMRIsonlyvisualizeinternalbrainstructure，butFMRIsshowwhatsactuallyhappeninqinsidethebrainFMRIsMRIs技術(shù)相對比。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的醫(yī)學(xué)MRIs技術(shù)只能顯示大腦內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)，而FMRIs技術(shù)可以展示大腦內(nèi)部的真實(shí)情況以及大腦功能，因此在神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域FMRIs技術(shù)比MRIs技術(shù)更有用。CD選項(xiàng)中的“清晰圖像”和B選項(xiàng)中的“黑白圖像”均未提及，不屬于文中的比較內(nèi)容。比較邏輯關(guān)系是托福聽力的重要考點(diǎn)。14．Whatdoestheprofessorimplyaboutquestionnairesusedintraditionalresearchmethods?．Theyaremoreeconomicalthanotherresearchmethods.．Theyareconfusingtomostsubjects.C．Theyareusefuldespitebeingsomewhatunreliable.．Theymaysoonbecomeanoutdatedmethod.正確答案：C解析：推斷題。線索詞為教授所說…questionnairescanbesomewhatunreliableButyoucannotneglectthementirely問卷內(nèi)容是否令實(shí)驗(yàn)對象感到困惑，所以A／／D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均屬錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。15．Accordingtotheprofessor,whatquestionmighttheexperimentinvolvingtheamygdalahelptoanswer?．Whatroleemotionsplayinpersonalitydevelopment．WhyfearandangeraresuchstrongemotionsC．Whetherhumanpersonalitychangesovertime．Wheredifferentneurobiologicalprocessesaretakingplace正確答案：C解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。線索詞為教授所說：WhatthisstudysuggestsisthatSoitmightbeapartialcounterargumenttotheclaimA和B感”只是專有名詞amygdala(杏仁核的定義內(nèi)容以及實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，并非實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的和結(jié)果。該實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康呐c“個(gè)性”和“時(shí)間”有關(guān)，與“情感”無關(guān)。關(guān)于文中的“杏仁核”實(shí)驗(yàn)，其目的是探究人的個(gè)性是否會(huì)隨時(shí)間而變化。該實(shí)D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。16．Whydoestheprofessorcomparebrainmapstogeographicalmaps?．Tomentionthatneurosciencehasrapidlychangedthestudyofpersonality．Toclarifytheoriginofthetermbrainmapping”C．Todescribeonewaythatthebrainprocessesspatialinformation．Toexplainwhytraditionalresearchmethodsarestillimportant正確答案：D解析：組織結(jié)構(gòu)題。線索詞為教授所說：Theyreuseful，butyoucannotgeteverythingoutofbrain腦電圖腦電圖的缺點(diǎn)，以此證明傳統(tǒng)研究方法存在的必要性——可彌補(bǔ)腦電圖的不足。AB關(guān)系，并非因果邏輯關(guān)系。地圖并不是腦電圖這一術(shù)語的起源。C選項(xiàng)中的“空間信息”未提及。17．Whatistheprofessorsopinionaboutpersonalityneuroscience?．Shedoesnotknowmuchaboutittogiveanopinion.．Itsresearchmethodsarelessreliablethansomescientistsbelieve.C．Itisverypromisingforthestudyofmemory.．Itstoolsareinsufficientforlong-termstudy.正確答案：B解析：態(tài)度題。線索詞為教授所說：Well，ingeneral，alotofpeoplemisunderstand…Ithink原則。在personalityneuroscience(個(gè)性神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究方面，使用FMRIs技術(shù)的FMRIs技術(shù)產(chǎn)生的腦電圖是有可靠。A相反，教授已明確給出觀點(diǎn)。C選項(xiàng)中的“記憶研究”和D選項(xiàng)中的“研究工具數(shù)量不充足”均未在原文中提及，所以C和D選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤的。聽力原文：Listentoaconversationbetweenastudent(S)andthedirector(D)ofstudenthousing.D:Well,hello!Ithasbeenawhile!Howhaveyoubeen?S:Well,itshardtobelievemyfreshmenyearsalmostover.D:Yes,timeflies!Tellme,howwasyourexperience?S:Ilovedit!D:Great!S:Andnowitsthattimeagain.I’mpreparingeverythingintimeforSeptember.D:Alrightthen.So,relivingatoneofourprogramhouses,theEcoHouse,ifIremembercorrectly.S:Thatsright.D:Andyoudliketogobacktherenextyear?S:Actually,no.Iwouldnt.D:Oh,wasthereaproblem?S:No,nothinglikethat.AlltheresidentsoftheEcoHousearegreat:reallycommittedtosustainablepracticeslikerecycling,organicgardening,energyconservation.ltsjustthat...nowIdliketobroadenmyhorizonsandmoveontonewthings,soIdliketogivetheMaryBlakeHouseatry.D:Well,youdoknowtheMaryBlakeHousedoesnthaveaspecificfocus,aspecifictheme.S:Yeah,Iknow,buttheyactuallyhavefacultylivinginthesamebuildingalongsidethestudents,andeachweekthefacultyinviteadifferentguestscholartohavedinnerwitheveryoneatthehouse.D:Thatsright,guestscholarsfromavarietyofdifferenteducationalbackgrounds.S:dhavethechancetomeetthemandunderstandtheirinsightsandexperiences.IvedecidedthatIwanttogetamoreexpansiveviewofeverything.D:Icanappreciatethat.S:SohowdoIgoaboutapplying?D:Well,theapplicationprocessisallonlinenow.Onlineapplicationsarefarmoreconvenientandtime-savingforstudents.S:Soeverythingsavailablerightonyourhomepage?D:Exactly.Now,somethingtokeepinmindifyourapplicationisapproved:residentsoftheMaryBlakeHousecaninterviewto-bestudentassistants.Studentassistantsareuniversitystaffmemberswhoprovideresidentsofthehousewithvarioustypesofsupport.Compensationincludesafreeroomandhousemealplandiscount.S:I’lldefinitelyconsiderthatopportunity.D:Justforourrecords,dyoufirstlearnabouttheMaryBlakeHouse?S:Oh,throughmyroommate.AclassmateofherslivesthereandIknowtheyhadafamousarchitectasaguesttherelastweek,andthisweekaBroadwayplaywright.Whydoyouask?D:Well,wevebeentryingtogeneratepublicitytogetthewordoutaboutitsinceitsarelativelynewprogram.S:Well,ImsureitlltakeoffandImhopingtheyllinviteafamousjournalistwhenIlivethere.D:Whyajournalist?S:Well,lmthinkingofchangingmymajorcourseofstudytojournalism.Freshmenyearhasbeenreallyeye-openingforme.D:Thatsgreat.sseemslikeyoudbeinagoodpositiontoprovidefeedbackaboutyourexperienceattheEcoHouse.Weconductaprogramhouserevieweverythreeyearsandwereconductingthisreviewrightnow.CouldIcountonyoutohelpusoutwiththat?Itsjustaformtofillout,aquestionnaire.S:Idontseewhynot.18．Whydoesthewomangotoseetheman?．ToreapplyforhousingattheEcoHousenextsemester．TogetinformationaboutastudentassistantpositionC．Toprovidefeedbackonherprevioushousingexperience．Tofindouthowshecanparticipateinadifferenthousingprogram正確答案：D解析：目的主旨題。線索詞為行政老師所說Andyoudliketogobacktherenextyear?EcoHouse(生態(tài)主題宿舍，而是想嘗試另外一種主題宿舍MaryBlakeHouse。A選項(xiàng)與原文相B和C寒暄過后提出。針對這種情況，建議大家還是要找好表達(dá)意圖的關(guān)鍵詞，例如：considering，thinkabout，wondering，liketo等等，通過關(guān)鍵詞位置來判定到底那一句話表達(dá)了對話的意圖。19．WhatisthewomansattitudeabouttheEcoHouse?．Shethinksitsprogramistoonarrowforheracademicgoals.．Sheregretsthatresidentsareonlypermittedtolivethereforoneyear.C．Shehadhopeditwouldbemorecommittedtosustainablepractices.．Shebelievesthatitsprogramisexactlywhatshewillneed.正確答案：A解析：態(tài)度題。線索詞為學(xué)生所說：’sjustthat…nowIdliketo…學(xué)生認(rèn)術(shù)背景的學(xué)者和知識，開拓視野。同時(shí)，這也有利于她之后的新聞專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)。B請。CD選項(xiàng)意思與原文相反。生態(tài)主題項(xiàng)目并不是她之后需要的。20．WhataretwoadvantagesoflivingattheMaryBlakeHouse?Clickon2answers.．ShewouldjoinaclassmatewhocurrentlylivesattheMaryBlakeHouse.．Shewouldhaveanopportunitytoqualifyforstaffdiscounts.C．Itwouldallowhertoactivelyengagewithguestscholars.．Itwouldallowhertocreateahousethemewithotherstudents.正確答案：，CB選項(xiàng)線索詞為老師提出：Nowsomethingtokeepinmindifyourapplicationisapproved…C選項(xiàng)線索詞是老師提出MaryBlake的缺點(diǎn)：youdoknowtheMaryBlakeHousedoesnthave…而后學(xué)生通過轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系引出優(yōu)點(diǎn)：YeahIbuttheyactuallyhave…A選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞classmate在文中的確有提及，但那是在描述學(xué)生獲取MaryBlake宿舍信息的渠道，而不是選項(xiàng)中所述——同班同學(xué)住在MaryBlake宿舍。所以A選項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)與原文表述相反，MaryBlake宿舍沒有特定主題。21．Whydoesthewomanmentionajournalist?．TosuggestawaytocreatepublicityfortheMaryBlakeHouseprogram.．TopointaBlakeHouseprogramguestthatshewouldbeinterestedin.C．ToprovidebackgroundononeofthefacultylivingattheMaryBlakeHouse.．ToprovideanexampleofarecentdinnerguestattheMaryBlakeHouse.正確答案：B解析：組織結(jié)構(gòu)題。線索詞為老師所說：Whyajournalist?老師提問引出學(xué)業(yè)。A選項(xiàng)與學(xué)生目的不符，邀請記者并不是為了宣傳MaryBlake宿舍項(xiàng)目。文中的確有提及宣傳新宿舍項(xiàng)目，但未提及具體方法。C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，新聞?dòng)浾叩纳矸莶皇菍儆谧≡贛aryBlake宿舍的教員，而是屬于教員邀請的客座學(xué)者。D選項(xiàng)中的recent錯(cuò)誤。時(shí)間不符。邀請記者只是學(xué)生的愿景，并沒有發(fā)生。22．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?．InterviewtobecomeastudentassistantattheEcoHouse．ProvidefeedbackabouttheapplicationprocessontheWebsiteC．FilloutaquestionnaireabouttheMaryBlakeHouseprogram．Participateinareviewofprogramhousesthatisbeingconducted正確答案：DCouldIcountonyoutohelpusoutwiththat?老師希望學(xué)生能幫忙填寫有關(guān)主題宿舍的反饋問卷調(diào)查。A學(xué)生面試MaryBlakeB選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)榉答伿顷P(guān)于環(huán)保宿舍。而不是關(guān)于網(wǎng)站上的宿舍申請流程。C例如：howabout，youcould，whynot等等。聽力原文：Listentopartofalectureinabiologyclass.Professor:OK.Sofarvebeenstudyinginteractionsofpopulationsinnaturethatbelongtoacategoryofnegative.Wevediscussedpredatorsthatfeedontheirprey,likewolfandrabbit,cornrootwormsthatfeedonthecornandsoforth.Thistypeofrelationshipischaracterizedbythefactthatoneorganismactuallyharmstheother.Illbegintodaybyintroducingsomepositiveinteractions.Firstofall,letslookatmutualismandtheclassicmutualisticrelationship.Amutualisticrelationshipiswhentwoorganismsofdifferentspecieswork”eachbenefitingfromtherelationshipandnotharmfultoeachother.Somemutualismsaresoclosethatinteractingspeciesactuallytsurvivewithoute