高中英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)語(yǔ)音專題講及練(修改含答案)

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音專題=1\*ROMANI國(guó)際音標(biāo)表（48個(gè)）長(zhǎng)元音/ɑ:/啊（長(zhǎng)音）/?:/奧（長(zhǎng)音）/З:/額（長(zhǎng)音）/i:/一（長(zhǎng)音）/u:/屋（長(zhǎng)音）短元音/?/阿/?/奧/?/額/?/一/?/屋/e/挨/?/挨/e?/和拼音的“ei”一樣/a?/挨/??/哦一雙元音/??/一而/e?/挨而/??/勿而/??/歐/a?/襖（慘叫聲）元音（20個(gè)）輔音（28個(gè)）輕輔音/p/頗/t/特/k/克/f/佛/θ/四（咬舌音）/s/四濁輔音/b/伯/d/得/g/個(gè)/v/勿/e/字（咬舌音）/z/自輕輔音/?/是/h/和/ts/差（ci）/t?/吃/tr/缺濁輔音/?/日/r/若/dz/資/d?/織/dr/撅鼻音/m/呣/n/呢/?/嗯半元音/j/也/w/五邊音/?/了（前）;偶（后）高考考點(diǎn)知識(shí)講與練=1\*CHINESENUM3一、考查一些字母的特殊讀音。=1\*Arabic1．元音字母a,e,i,o,u.(字母a)1)通常在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀[e]:cake,base,escape,plane2)在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[?]:fat,trap,exactly,rapid,dam3)在w后通常讀[]:wash,want,what,wander特殊：[:]water4)在s,ss,st,sk,ch,th,n,f前讀[:]:master,ask,task,class,glass,father,path,after,branch,advance5)在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[]:again,camera,vacation,vegetable6)在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[]：courage,encourage,language,necklace,orange,average,baggage,village7)[e]any,many,anyhow,anything,anybody等含有any的不定代詞中1.matchA.separate B.marry C.machine D.many2.animalA.ache B.anything C.advance D.anxious3.majorityA.baggageB.attractC.CanadianD.magazine4.cakeA.haveB.vaseC.waterD.escape5.wantA.wanderB.againC.fatD.rapid6.courageA.planeB.vegetableC.wash,D.village7.anythingA.vacationB.manyC.taskD.path8.classA.cameraB.afterC.anyD.anybody1-8BDDDADBB（字母e）通常在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀[:]:be,these,she在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[e]:press,net,gentle特殊：[]:actress,careless,develop,entire,perfect,reduce,secret,carpet,celebrate,desert,before[]:children,open,problem,silence,satellite,September不發(fā)音：frighten,listen,often,garden,citizen1.medicineA.exceptB.recordC.increaseD.open2.theseA.sheB.pressC.developD.children3.silenceA.oftenB.problemC.secretD.gentle4.gardenA.listenB.beforeC.reduceD.careless5.perfectA.silenceB.actressC.frightenD.September1-5AABAB（字母i）i通常在開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀[ai]:wipe,ripealive,wine,arrive,beside,polite,life,smile,surprise在閉音節(jié)中讀[i]:quiz,sick,dish,sing,dig,film,miss,winter,picture,difficult在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[]：impossible,possible,terrible,holiday,horrible4）在nd,ld,mb前讀[ai]：mind,kind,blind,find,child,climb特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]police,Pisa,machine,magazine,technique=2\*GB3②[]live,give,notice,native,office,promise,imagine,opposite=3\*GB3③不發(fā)音：basin,civil,pencil,pupil,cousin,(i的發(fā)音近幾年沒(méi)考，須注意)1.quizA.wineB.smileC.singD.mind2.liveA.blindB.giveC.policeD.child3.climbA.winterB.filmC.politeD.native4.officeA.noticeB.civilC.pencilD.impossible5.machineA.imagineB.oppositeC.difficultD.magazine6.holidayA.basinB.native,C.terribleD.film7.wipeA.besideB.digC.singD.dish8.surpriseA.aliveB.promiseC.difficultD.cousin1-8CBCADCAA（字母o）o通常在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀[]:stone,note,progress,motorlonely,smokeno,joke,go,programme但在下面單詞中讀[u:]：do,to,who,move,prove,lose,whose,tomb,shoe,remove,canoe（獨(dú)木舟）在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[]:copy,boss,cloth,fond,long,knock,across,common但在st,ld,th前常讀[]:most,post,cold,both,roll,hold,scold,host,fold,told,almost,clothes等在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[]:collection,complete,compare,composition,custom,develop,ironpolice,polite,observe,official,Europe在m,n,th,v等前時(shí)讀[]:comfort,ton,done,come,some,love,cover,mother,another,other,company特殊1.[u]woman2.[]women3.[:]story4.[]comb,Negro,piano,radio,tomato5.[]gone，common，concert6.不發(fā)音：cotton,reason,prison,person,pardon,lesson,poison1.stopA.lose B.woman C.shock D.pareA.company B.continueC.common D.concert3.stoneA.progressB.moveC.loseD.veA.copyB.knockC.removeD.fond,5.mostA.customB.longC.scoldD.collection6.observeA.concertB.tomatoC.someD.fortA.storyB.cottonC.motherD.lesson8.womenA.womanB.pictureC.companyD.observe9.EuropeA.developB.radioC.rollD.hold10.acrossA.goneB.doneC.someD.cover1-10CBACCDCBAA（字母u）u通常在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中讀[:]use,duty,computer,reduce,rescue,tube,Tuesdayu通常在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中或讀[:]:trueu在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中輔音字母l,r,j后讀[:]:blue,rule,ruler,June,rude在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[]:cup,umbrella,lunch,Sunday,hurry,suddenly,funny,hungry在重讀閉音節(jié)中或讀[]:put,pull,push,bullet特殊：=1\*GB3①[]autumn,August,industry,succeed,success,suppose,until,unless,supply,difficult=2\*GB3②[e]bury=3\*GB3③[]busy,minute,business=4\*GB3④[]museum,communism,unite,January,occupy1.clubA.pollutionB.struggleC.usefulD.puterA.TuesdayB.museumC.uniteD.January3.minuteA.busyB.industryC.successD.suppose4.blueA.rulerB.pushC.pullD.bullet5.difficultA.unlessBfunnyC.hungryD.rude1-5BAAAA=2\*Arabic2．輔音字母c,w,n,s,g.=1\*GB2⑴c通常發(fā)[k],（在元音a,o,u前和輔音前，以及在詞尾時(shí)）:cat,cost,cut,cloud,cycle特殊：=1\*GB3①(在ia,ie,io前)讀[?]delicious,musician,special,social,socialist,official=2\*GB3②(多在e,I,y前)讀[s]:ceiling,century,celebrate,cinema,city,incident1.centerA.ocean B.decide C.cause D.socialist2.successA.official B.excuseC.correct D.exciting3.centuryA.cycleB.deliciousC.incidentD.special4.answerA.writeB.sweepC.westD.wet1-4BDCA=2\*GB2⑵w通常發(fā)[w]:sweep,west特殊：不發(fā)音：answer,sword,two,write=3\*GB2⑶n通常發(fā)[n]:nice,not特殊：(在c,g,k,x前)發(fā)[?]:uncle,English,single,thank,anxious,drink等1.uncleA.thankB.niceC.honestD.adventure1.A=4\*GB2⑷s通常發(fā)[s]:six,seat,sport在元音字母和元音字母之間讀[z]：music,season,prison特殊：=1\*GB3①s后面是元音字母u,ia[?]:sugar,sure,Russian=2\*GB3②s后面是元音字母u,ion[]measure,pleasure,treasure,usual,conclusion1.riseA.purseB.else C.praise D.mouse2.measureA.usualB.sportC.musicD.sure1-2CA=5\*GB2⑸g通常發(fā)[g]特殊：=1\*GB3①在字母(e,i(y)前讀[]：age,apologize,apology,page,gym=2\*GB3②在字母n前不發(fā)音：design,foreign,sign1.passengerA.sugarB.organizeC.strangeD.together1.C=2\*CHINESENUM3二、考查一些常見(jiàn)字母組合的特殊讀音。=1\*GB2⑴ea通常發(fā)[:]breathe，tea，read,clean,easy,meat,peace特殊：=1\*GB3①[e]dead,pleasure,peasant,head,already,health,threadheaven,sweater,bread,Breakfast,health,pleasure,deaf等=2\*GB3②[e]great,break=3\*GB3③[]real,idea,theatre,realize,area=4\*GB3④不發(fā)音：beauty1.areaA.theatreB.breatheC.breakD.heaven2.breakA.greatB.peaceC.sweaterD.peasant3.breatheA.breathB.healthC.pleasureD.easy4.realA.realizeB.breadC.alreadyD.beauty1-4AADA=2\*GB2⑵ear通常發(fā)[]:ear,clear,dear,hear特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]earth,year,early,earn,learn,heard,search,earnest=2\*GB3②[]bear,pear,tear(v.),wear=3\*GB3③[:]heart1.earthA.yearB.clearC.wearD.heart2.heardA.earnB.bearC.dearD.pear1-2AA=3\*GB2⑶ai&ay等中通常發(fā)[ei]:train,against,contain,raise,remain,always,birthday,everyday,railway特殊：=1\*GB3①[]captain,mountain,yesterday,Friday,Sunday,bargain等=2\*GB3②[e]said,says=3\*GB3③[]mayor=4\*GB3④不發(fā)音Britain,certain1.BritainA.certainB.train C.against D.contain2.raiseA.remain B.certainC.mountain D.bargain3.saidA.saysB.sayC.FridayD.birthday4.everydayA.yesterdayB.bargainC.alwaysD.mountain1-4AAAC=4\*GB2⑷al通常發(fā)[:]特殊：=1\*GB3①[:l]also,always,almost,salt,although,altogether,false=2\*GB3②[l]actual,animal,arrival,general,natural,several等非重讀時(shí)=3\*GB3③[:]half,calm等(在f，m前)=4\*GB3④[:]all,ball,talk,walk1.alwaysA.alsoB.actualC.naturalD.walk1.A=5\*GB2⑸oo=1\*GB3①在k字母前讀[u]：took,shook,cook,cookie,book,look,hook,在非重讀時(shí)讀[u]：classroom,bedroom,understood，在重讀時(shí)讀[u]：good,stood,wood,wooden,football,foot;=2\*GB3②[:]在food,soon,cool,zoo,tool,bamboo,loose,school,wool,pool,fool,room,noon,cocoon,spoon,loom,roof,root,troop,smooth,shoot,too,balloon,choose,proof,特殊：[]blood,flood,warm-blooded1.tookA.shookB.looseC.schoolD.warm-blooded2.bloodA.floodB.smoothC.fool,D.noon3.foodA.footB.poolC.cookieD.classroom1-3AAB=6\*GB2⑹ou通常發(fā)[au]:house,about特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]group,wound,you,youth=2\*GB3②[]anxious,dangerous,curious,famous,moustache,nervous,obvious,serious,mysterious=3\*GB3③[]country,couple,courage,cousin，courage,touch,trouble,young=4\*GB3④[:]cough1.groundA.house B.country C.group D.cough1.courageA.youngB.aboutC.anxiousD.famous1-2AA=7\*GB2⑺our通常=1\*GB3①在重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[au]；hour,flour=2\*GB3②在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[]:neighbour,labour特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]course,court,four,fourth,mourn（悼念）,pour,resource,your,yourself=2\*GB3②[u]tour1.courseA.journey B.fourC.labourD.hour2.fourA.flourB.yourselfC.tourD.neighbour1-2BB=8\*GB2⑻er通常=1\*GB3①在重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[:]；=2\*GB3②在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[]writer,worker特殊:[a:]sergeant（警官）,clerk=9\*GB2⑼or通常=1\*GB3①在重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[:]；=2\*GB3②在非重讀音節(jié)中發(fā)[]:visitor特殊：=1\*GB3①[:]word,work,world,worm,worse,worship,worst,worth等(在w后)=2\*GB3②[]worry1.sergeantA.clerkB.workerC.wordD.work2.youngA.worstB.worryC.fourthD.worse1-2AB=10\*GB2⑽ure通常=1\*GB3①在重讀時(shí)發(fā)[j]cure,pure；=2\*GB3②在非重讀時(shí)發(fā)[]:injure,figure,特殊：[j]failure1.cureA.pureB.injureC.figureD.failure1.A=11\*GB2⑾ch&tch通常讀[]:child,teach,chapter,catch,fetch,watch特殊：[k]headache,Christmas,chemical,school,stomach,chemistry,architecture[?]machine1.chemistryA.stomachB.achieveC.checkD.machine2.schoolA.ChristmasB.chapterC.fetchD.watch1-2AA=12\*GB2⑿th=1\*GB3①在介詞,冠詞,代詞,連詞中讀[]:there,their,this,that,these,those,with,though,以及,er前讀[]:father,gather,rather=2\*GB3②在詞首和詞尾多讀[]:month,path,three,bath,breath特殊：=1\*GB3①mathematics,maths,months讀[];=2\*GB3②smooth,worthy,clothing,bathe,breathe讀[];=3\*GB3③以th結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)讀[]baths,mouths,clothes,例外:maths,months[]1.batheA.faith B.cloth C.maths D.smooth2.breatheA.thick B.southern C.mathematics D.method3.theirsA.thread B.smoothC.thirsty D.health4.thoughA.bathB.batheC.monthD.maths5.northernA.northB.monthsC.mouthsD.path6.breathA.clothesB.clothingC.three,D.breathe1-6DBBBCC=13\*GB2⒀gh通常在igh,ough中不發(fā)音:[ai]:design,sigh,light,night[:]:bought,fought,thought特殊：[f]cough,enough,laugh,tough1.coughA.enoughB.boughtC.foughtD.thought1.A=14\*GB2⒁ex在本身是重讀或次重讀時(shí)讀[eks]:expert,extra,exercise,excellent,exhibition,explanation特殊：=1\*GB3①為非重讀音節(jié)，后面是元音字母讀[igz]:exact,exam,exist,examine,example=2\*GB3②為非重讀音節(jié)，后面是輔音字母讀[iks]:excite,expect,extend,except,excuse,express,expensive,experience,experiment,explain,extraordinary,1.expertA.exerciseB.exactC.exampleD.excite2.explanationA.experimentB.explainC.extraD.excuse3.exhibitionA.extendB.expectC.expensiveD.expert1-3ACD=15\*GB2⒂ed在清輔音后讀[t]:asked,helped,missed濁輔音后讀[d]，元音后也讀[d]:played,cleaned,carriedt,d之后讀[id]:wanted,started,needed1.helpedA.missedB.playedC.cleanedD.started2.wantedA.workedB.neededC.destroyedD.suffered1-2AB=16\*GB2⒃s/es的發(fā)音規(guī)則，

清輔音后讀作/s/:maps,cakes,desks,looks,asks

濁、元音后讀作/z/:bananas,dogs,pigs,boys,sees

在/s/、/z/、//、/∫/音之后讀/iz/:classesbridgeswasheshouses1.bridgesA.washesB.cakesC.desksD.boys1.A另外：=1\*GB3①au,augh,aw讀[:]:autumn,cause,daughter,draw,law,saw但在aunt,laugh讀[a:]:=2\*GB3②air,are讀[]：chair,hair,repair,stair,care=3\*GB3③ei,ie讀[i:]:ceiling,receive,field,pieceey讀[ei]:grey,prey特殊:either,neither[ai];foreign[i];=4\*GB3④eigh讀[ei]:eight,weigh特殊:height[ai];=5\*GB3⑤eer讀[]:deer,cheer,engineer,pioneer=6\*GB3⑥ere讀[]here,atmosphere或[]where,there，特殊:[:]were;=7\*GB3⑦ire讀[ai]:tired=8\*GB3⑧oul讀[u]could,should,would特殊:[u]shoulder,soul;=9\*GB3⑨sion讀[],特殊:[]decision,conclusion,occasional,television;=10\*GB3⑩tion讀[],特殊:[]suggestion,question=16\*GB2⒃ie通常讀[:]achievebelieve；特殊[ai]societyscience；特殊[e]friend1.societyA.achieve B.friendC.science D.believe2.autumnA.causeB.auntC.laughD.out3.fieldA.friendB.neitherC.foreignD.piece4.whereA.thereB.cheerC.engineerD.atmosphere5.shoulderA.soulB.couldC.shouldD.would6.suggestionA.questionB.televisionC.decisionD.occasion1-6CADAAA=3\*CHINESENUM3三、考查一些不發(fā)音的字母及字母組合。=1\*GB2⑴bbomb,climb,comb,debt,doubt=2\*GB2⑵cmuscle,science,scientist=3\*GB2⑶dhandsomegrandpa,grandma,grandchild,Sandwich,Wednesday=4\*GB2⑷kknee,knife,knock,know,knowledge,kneel=5\*GB2⑸hhour,honest,exhibition,forehead,whisper,wheelchair,honour=6\*GB2⑹lcould,would,Lincoln=7\*GB2⑺gdesign,foreign,sign=8\*GB2⑻riron=9\*GB2⑼sisland=10\*GB2⑽tcastle,fasten,often,whistle,Christmas,listen1.honestA.husbandB.habitC.hourD.host1.C五、不符合讀音規(guī)則的常用詞的讀音。1.詞性變化引起讀音變化nation/ei/national/?/

nature/ei/natural/?/

south/sauθ//southern/sΛn/2.詞形變化引起讀音變化[]（1）可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的讀音變化

mouth/θ/mouths/z/house/s/houses/ziz/（2）詞過(guò)去式中的讀音變化

willwould/wud/shallshould/∫ud/cancould/kud/eatate/et,eit/

meanmeant/menthearheard/h:d/（3）詞在否定縮寫(xiě)中的讀音變化

cannotcan`t/ka:nt/shallnotshan`t/∫a:nt/willnotwon`t/wnt/donotdon`t/dnt/3.復(fù)合詞的讀音變化

break/ei/breakfast/e/head/e/forehead/rid/hand/d/handsome/()/

room/u:/classroom/u/news/z/newspaper/s/

4.同源詞的讀音變化

know/]/knowledge[]nature/ei/natural/?/nation/ei/national/?/

breath/θ/breathe//bath/ba:θ/bathe/bei/cloth/klθ/clothes/klz/worth/θ/worthy//real/rl/reality/r’?lti/political/p’litikl/—politics/’plitiks/

say/sei/said/sed/四、歷年部分高考真題回顧1．（99）navyA.neighborB.nationalityC.relative

D.valley2．（99）unitA.fierceB.nephewC.juiceD.sure3．（98）proveA.stoneB.routeC.stoveD.hook4．（05=2\