人教版初中英語被動語態(tài)(知識點匯總+練習(xí)試題)

初中英語被動語態(tài)匯總語態(tài)是動詞的一種形式,表示句子中主語和謂語動詞的關(guān)系,主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。只有及物動詞才能用于被動語態(tài)。?被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)：?一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：??am?/is/?are?+動詞的過去分詞?一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：??was?/were?+動詞的過去分詞?一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：??will?be?+動詞的過去分詞?現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：??am?/is?/are?+being?+動詞的過去分詞?現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：??have?/has?+been?+動詞的過去分詞?情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：???情態(tài)動詞?+?be?+動詞的過去分詞?被動語態(tài)的基本用法:??需要強調(diào)動作的承受者時?The?Great?Wall?is?enjoyed?by?millions?of?people?all?over?the?world?English?is?widely?spoken?in?the?world?now.???不知道或沒必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時?Mr.?Wang?is?invited?to?the?meeting?today?.?The?problem?is?dealt?with?now?.??當(dāng)說話人需要強調(diào)客觀時?It?is?said?that?she?was?a?beauty?when?she?was?young?.?主動主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的變法：?口訣：賓變主，主變賓，謂變be?done?,時不變，數(shù)格必須隨被變。注：主動、被動的時態(tài)要一致。???????主動、被動的句式要一致。???????變成的被動語態(tài)的主語與謂語在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致。?語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換不被動語態(tài)的步驟??把原主動句中的賓語轉(zhuǎn)換為被動語態(tài)的主語?2.把動詞改為被動語態(tài)形式即"be+過去分詞"。?3.?原來主動語態(tài)句子中的主語,如果需要就放在by的后面以它的賓格形式出現(xiàn)(因為by是介詞,后面需跟賓格作介詞的賓語。)以指明做事的人或物,如果沒有必要,可以省略。?4.?其它成分不變?5.?被動語態(tài)中"by+賓語"的省略?被動語態(tài)句式中的"by+賓語"表示及物動詞所表示動作的執(zhí)行者,但是在遇到以下情況時,表示動作執(zhí)行者"by?+賓語"常常被省略。?(1)?動作執(zhí)行者不確定時?Paper?is?made?from?wood?.?Many?people?are?killed?in?traffic?accidents?every?year?.??不必表明動作執(zhí)行者時?English?is?also?spoken?as?the?second?language?as?well?as?one?of?the?official?languages?Football?is?played?in?most?schools。?(3?)?動作執(zhí)行者為一般大眾時?Both?English?and?Spanish?are?spoken?in?this?area.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的基本句式?(1)?肯定式:主語+?was?/were?+過去分詞+by?It?was?made?in?Beijing?Ren'ai?Education?Institute?.??(2)?否定式:主語+was?/were?+?not?+?過去分詞+?by?She?was?not?given?a?paniting?by?him?.?This?question?was?not?discussed?at?the?meeting?yesterday?.??一般疑問句:Was?/Were?+?主語+過去分詞+by???Was?it?made?of?bamboo???特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+was/were?+?過去分詞+by?What?was?is?made?of???教你一招?如果句子為一般現(xiàn)在時,主動語態(tài)用do/does?,被動語態(tài)用is/am?/are?如果句子為一般過去時,主動語態(tài)用did?,被動語態(tài)用was?/were?.?由情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)的基本句式??肯定式:主語+情態(tài)動詞+be+?過去-Water?can?be?changed?into?ice.?She?ought?to?tidy?up?her?bedroomHer?bedroom?ought?to?be?tidied?up.?You?should?buy?a?dictionary?at?once?A?dictionary?should?be?bought?at?once?by?you.??否定式:主語+?情態(tài)動詞+not?+be?+過去分詞+by?You?must?not?take?out?any?books?.-?Any?books?mustn't?be?taken?out?by?you?.?They?needn't?look?after?the?little?child?----The?little?child?needn't?be?looked?after?(by?them)?疑問句:情態(tài)動詞+主語+be?+過去分詞+by?Can?you?use?it??------Can?it?be?used???常見的情態(tài)動詞有:can,may,?ought?to,?must?,?dare?,?need,should.?主動語態(tài)不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的情況:?1,?當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞時?The?man?introduced?himself?as?Mr.Parker?.?2,當(dāng)謂語是表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞時?Does?the?pair?of?new?shoes?suit?you??We?will?have?a?meeting?.四．特殊情況的被動語態(tài)：?帶雙賓語的被動語態(tài)：?動詞+?sb(間賓)?+sth(直賓)?口訣：如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to?/for?間賓連。?(1).give/pass?/show?與介詞to?搭配。?give?sb?sth?——?sb?+be?given?sth?或?sth?+be?given?+to?sb?.??.buy/make/cook?與介詞for?搭配。?buy?sb?sth?——?sb?+be?bought?+?sth?或?sth?+be?bought?+for?sb??He?gave?me?a?book??I?______?______?a?book?by?him.??A?book?____?____?_____?me?by?him?.?My?mother?made?me?a?cake?.??I?____?_____?a?cake?by?my?mother??A?cake?____?____?____?me?by?my?mother?.?2.帶省to?的不定式作賓補的被動語態(tài)：動詞+?sb?+?do?sth?.口訣：感使動詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動語態(tài)to離去被動語態(tài)to回來。?動詞：make?/?let?/have?/see?/hear?/feel?/watch??make?sb?do?sth?----sb?+?be?+made?+to?do?sth??The?boss?made?the?workers?work?all?day??The?workers?____?____?____?work?all?day?by?the?boss.??see?/hear?/notice?/keep?+sb?+doing?sth?句型中變被動語態(tài)時doing?不變。?I?heard?Tom?singing?just?now??Tom?_____?_____?_____?by?me?just?now?.?以動詞短語作謂語的主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)時，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。?We?should?take?care?of?the?old?.??The?old?should?______?_____?_____?_____?.?注意事項：?有些及物動詞或動詞短語不能用于被動語態(tài)：?last?,have?,own?…..belong?to?,suit…fine?,?不及物動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)：?happen?,take?place?,appear?,?hold?(容納)?系動詞是沒有被動語態(tài)：Look,?feel?,sound?,smell?,taste?….?The?dish?tastes?good?.?有些詞組沒有被動語態(tài)：sell?well?,?write?well?,ride?well?,drive?well??This?kind?of?skirt?sells?well.?need表示需要時，后面常接doing?形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于to?be?done?.?All?the?computers?need?repairing?.=?All?the?computers?need?_____?_____?_____?.?6.在too…to…及enough?to?…結(jié)構(gòu)中有時表示被動意義。?The?problem?is?too?di