2023屆一輪復習人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy

本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——2023屆一輪復習人教版必修三Unit4Astronomy1．Nooneknowsexactlyhowtheearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago.[句式分析]

[嘗試翻譯]沒有人確鑿知道地球是怎樣開始的，由于在很久以前它就形成了。

2．Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.[句式分析]

[嘗試翻譯]隨后它變成什么沒人確定，直到45～38億年前，這團塵埃才漸漸地形成了一個固態(tài)的球體。

3．Whatisevenmoreimportantisthatastheearthcooleddown,waterbegantoappearonitssurface.

[句式分析]這是一個復合句。what引導主語從句；that引導表語從句；as在表語從句中引導狀語從句。

[嘗試翻譯]更重要的是，隨著地球的不斷冷卻，地球表面出現(xiàn)了水。4．Sowhetherlifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhetherthisproblemcanbesolved.

[句式分析]

[嘗試翻譯]所以，在未來的數百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續(xù)取決于這個問題能否得到解決。

Ⅰ.閱讀理解A

Somenewcomets(彗星)havebeendiscoveredaccidentallybyamateur(業(yè)余的)astronomers.Surprisinglyafewbrightcometshavebeendiscoveredwiththenakedeye(肉眼)bymembersofthegeneralpublic.However,agreatnumberofcometsarefoundbycomethunterscarryingouttelescopesearchesofchosenareasofthenightsky.

AsthemovementofallcometsisdirectedaroundtheSunandbecausethesebodiesbrightenastheymovetowardstheSun,thereisagreaterpossibilityforthediscoveryofanewcometintheskiestowardstheSunratherthanawayfromtheSun'sdirection.Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.

Fromtheastronomicalpointthereisnotimeduringtheyearwhichisthebestforthediscoveryofnewcomets.AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.

Studiesdoneonthediscoveryconditionsofcometsdiscoveredbeforeshowthatmorecometshavebeendiscoveredinthemorningskythanintheeveningsky.Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.

Inrecenttimes,theuseofadvancedCCDtechnologytodiscoverobjectsclosetotheEarthwillinthefuturegreatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes.AnexampleofthenewtechnologyistheverysuccessfulLINEARprogramoperatinginNewMexico.However,untilasimilarsystemisbasedinthesouthernhalfoftheEarththerewillcontinuetobechancesforthediscoveryofnewcometswhichcomefromthesouth.語篇解讀：本文是說明文。文章介紹了觀測彗星的要領。

1．Whatarecomethuntersadvisedtodo?A．LookawayfromtheSun.

B．Staywherethere'sbrightlight.

C．Facethewesternskyinthedaytime.D．Turntotheeastintheearlymorning.

解析：選D細節(jié)理解題。由其次段中的“Thismeansthatsearchesshouldbeputonthewesternskyaftereveninglightandontheeasternskybeforemorninglight.〞可知，早晨太陽出來之前應觀測東面的天空。

2．Whatdoweknowaboutthetimeforthediscoveryofnewcomets?A．Dayswhenthey'reclosetotheEartharegreatchances.B．Certainfixeddaysarebestforwatchingcomets.C．Everydayisthesameifthere'snobrightMoon.D．DayswiththeMoonshouldneverbemissed.解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的“AsearchcanbedoneatanytimeprovidingthereisnobrightMoon.〞可知，只要沒有月亮，每一天對彗星獵人來說都一樣可以觀測。3．Whichofthefollowingisasmartideaforcomethunters?A．Payingmoreattentioninthemorningthanintheafternoon.B．Beingequallyseriousbothinthemorningandafternoon.C．Beingmorerelaxedinthemorningthanintheafternoon.D．Formingahabitofworkingonlyinthemorning.

解析：選B推理判斷題。由第四段中的“Thusthesmartcomethuntershouldmakesurethatmorningactivityreceivesasmuchifnotmoreattentionthananyeveningeffort.〞可知，早晚觀測彗星應當投入一樣的精力。

4．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheCCDtechnology?A．It'ssimilartoatelescope.B．It'lldisappointcomethunters.C．It'sspreadingallovertheworld.D．It'llmakecomethuntersfeellucky.

解析：選B推理判斷題。由最終一段中的“theuseofadvancedCCDtechnology...greatlyreducethechancesofnewcometsbeingfoundwithsmalltelescopes〞可知，這種技術降低了追星獵人發(fā)現(xiàn)新的彗星的概率，因此他們應當會感到有些失望。B

EdmundHalleywasanEnglishscientistwholivedover200yearsago.Hestudiedtheobservationsofcometswhichotherscientistshadmade.Theorbitofoneparticularcometwasaverydifficultmathematical(數學上的)problem.Hecouldnotfigureitout.Neithercouldotherscientistswhodealtwithsuchproblems.

However,HalleyhadafriendnamedNewton,whowasabrilliantmathematician.Newtonthoughthehadalreadyworkedoutthatproblem,buthecouldnotfindthepapersonwhichhehaddoneit.HetoldHalleythattheorbitofacomethadtheshapeofanellipse(橢圓)．

NowHalleysettowork.Hefiguredout(解決；計算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.Hemadeasurprisingdiscovery.Thecometsthathadappearedintheyears1531,1607,and1682allhadthesameorbit.Yettheirappearanceshadbeen75to76yearsapart.

ThisseemedverystrangetoHalley.Thedifferentcometsfollowedthesameorbit.Themorehalley

thoughtaboutit,themorehethoughtthattherehadnotbeenthreedifferentcomets,aspeoplethought.Hedecidedthattheyhadsimplyseenthesamecometthreetimes.Thecomethadgoneawayandhadcomebackagain.

Itwasanastonishingidea!Halleyfeltcertainenoughtomakeaprediction(預言)ofwhatcometwouldhappeninthefuture.Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.In1758thecometappearedinthesky.Halleydidnotseeit,forhehasdiedsomeyearsbefore.EversincethenthatcomethasbeencalledHalley'scomet,inhishonor.

語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了200多年前英國科學家哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。5．Halleymadehisdiscovery________.A．bydoingexperiments

B．bymeansofhisowncarefulobservationC．byusingtheworkofotherscientistsD．bychance

解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由文中第三段“Hefiguredout(解決；計算出)theorbitsofsomeofthecometsthathadbeenobservedbyscientists.〞可知應選C。

6．Halleymadeasurprising,butcorrectpredictionintheyear________.A．1704B．1705C．1706D．1707解析：選B數字計算題。由最終一段中的“Hedecidedthatthiscometwouldappearintheyear1758.Therewere53yearstogobeforeHalley'spredictioncouldbetested.〞可知，他預言彗星出現(xiàn)的時間是1758年，而這個預言還要經過53年才能驗證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個預言的時間是1705年。

7．Thispassageingeneralisabout________.A．HalleyandotherscientistsB．theorbitofacometC．NewtonandHalley

D．Halleyandhisdiscovery

解析：選D主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。8．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A．EdmundHalleywasanAmericanscientist.

B．Halleymadehisdiscoverybydoingexperiments.C．Newtonwasafamousmathematician.

D．Theorbitofacomethadtheshapeofacircle.

解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。從文章首句可以看出A項錯誤；從第三段的分析中可知B項也錯誤；由其次段可知，牛頓告訴哈雷彗星的軌道是橢圓形的，可排除D項。C

MyfriendTimwasoneoffivechildren.Hisfatherwasanalcoholicanddiedveryyoung,andhismotherwasunabletosupportthefamily.Unfortunately,thechildrenwereseparatedandplacedinfosterhomes(收養(yǎng)家庭)．

Timdroppedoutofschoolanddidnothingtofurtherhimself.Heeventuallywentthroughadivorce.Tim'sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.Hehasahappyfamilyandawonderfulhome.

Bothbrothersgaveasimilaranswerwhenaskedwhytheirlivesturnedoutthewaytheydid.They

said,“You'dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.〞Neitherofthebrotherscouldchangehispast,butoneofthemadjusted(調整)hissail.

Itdoesn'ttakemuchtofindanexcusewhetherthatisourfamilybackground,ourlackofeducation,orthatweliveinthewrongcity,ordonotknowtherightpeople.Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasasolution.However,ifyoubelievethatthereisnothingyoucandototurnyourlifearound,thenyouwon'tbeabletochangeyourlifeforthebetter.

Ifyoureallydesiretoturnyourlifetoanewcourse,tosetyoursailtoadifferentport,itisamatterofchoice.Ifyouchoosetomoveforward,theeasiestwayistofindasolutiontoyourtoday'ssituation.Solutionsarethereifyouwanttogoafterthem.Sure,itmaytakesomehardwork,orthewillingnesstotakearisk.Butifyoudonot,thenyouwillneverhaveadifferentorhappylife.Donotlimityourselfbyfindinganexcuse;onlylimityourselfbyrefusingtohaveanexcuse.

語篇解讀：本文為夾敘夾議文。我們的過往是什么樣子并不是很重要，由于未來把握在我們自己手里。

9．WhydoesTim'sbrotherhaveahappylife?A．Hehadahappychildhood.B．Hetriedhardtochangehislife.C．Hehadawonderfulfosterhome.D．Hewasthesmartestofhisfamily.解析：選B推理判斷題。由其次段“Tim'sbrother,althoughexperiencingthesamechildhood,educatedhimselfandgotagoodjob.〞可知，Tim的哥哥是由于努力改變自己的命運才有了一個幸福的生活。

10．WhatdidTimthinkledtohisunhappylife?A．Hislaziness.

B．Notadjustinghissail.C．Hisunhappychildhood.

D．Nothavinganyopportunities.

解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Theysaid,‘You'dturnoutthiswaytooifyouhadachildhoodlikemine.’〞可知，Tim將自己的不幸歸咎于自己不幸的童年。11．Intheauthor'sopinion,hisfriendTim________.A．reallyhadnochancetoimprovehislifeB．failedbecausehelivedinthewrongcityC．wasthemostunfortunatemanintheworldD．couldhavechangedhislifeifhehadchosento

解析：選D推理判斷題。由第四段“Eachoneoftheseexcuseshasasolution.However,ifyoubelievethatthereisnothingyoucandototurnyourlifearound,thenyouwon'tbeabletochangeyourlifeforthebetter.〞可知，認為Tim本來是可以改變自己的人生的。12．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Adjustyoursail

B．Say“no〞toexcusesC．MovetowardahappyfamilyD．Howweliveourlifeisachoice

解析：選D標題歸納題。由最終一段“Ifyoureallydesiretoturnyourlifetoanewcourse,tosetyoursailtoadifferentport,itisamatterofchoice.〞可知，本文旨在告訴我們，想過什么

樣的生活在于我們自己怎么選擇。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五

Itisoftenseenthatinmanyhomesyoungchildrenasktheirparentsforapet,andyettheirparentsrefuseduetothefearofspreadingillnessesandtheresponsibilitythatcomeswithowningapet.__1__Herearesomethingsthatkidscanlearnfrompets：

Empathy(移情)andcalmness.__2__Theselessonswillhelptheminthefuturewhentheydealwithotherhumans.Andastheytakecareoftheirpets,childrenlearnhowtobecalm,gentle,andcaring,eventuallygrowinguptobeopenandcompassionate(有可憐心的)adults.

Companionship.Onceyouhaveapet,yourkidcanalwaysdependonhavingafriendandcompanionwhowillloveandsupporthimunconditionally.Thismakeshimmoreself-confidentandalsohelpsindevelopinganactivelifestyle.__3__

Responsibilityanddiscipline.__4__Researchshowsthattrainingofpetsalsodevelopsdisciplineinkids.Appreciationofsuchachievementsissuretoencouragethem,andthiswillhelptheminthefuture.

Readingskills.__5__Itisbecausewhilekidsmightbeunwillingtoreadaloudinaformalsetting,likeaschool,theyaremoreconfidenttoreadouttoanimals,asthefearofbeingjudgedisnotpresent.

A．Propercareleadstogoodrelationshipswiththeanimals.B．Petscanhelpwiththeeducationaldevelopmentofchildren.

C．Havingapetwillhelpkidslearnaboutthecircleoflifeanddeath.D．Butgettingapetisactuallyagoodideaduetothevariousbenefits.E．Taskslikefeedingandwalkingthedogteachchildrentoberesponsible.

F．Thisisespeciallyimportantforonlykidswhodon'thavefriendstoplaywith.G．Beingwithpets,kidslearnthatanimalsfeelpainandwantlovejustlikehumans.答案：1～5DGFEB

Section_ⅡWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Language_Points

一、這樣記單詞

記得準?寫得對記得快?記得多Ⅰ.基礎詞匯

1.astronomyn．天文學2.systemn.系統(tǒng)；體系；制度3.theoryn.學說；理論4.atomn.原子

5.globen.球體；地球儀；地球6.atmospheren.大氣層；氣氛7.fundamentaladj.基本的；基礎的8.multiplyvi.&vt.乘；增加9.oxygenn.氧

10.puzzlen.謎；難題vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)難為Ⅱ.拓展詞匯

1.unlikeprep.與……不同；不像→likevt.喜歡prep.像；宛如→likelyadj.可能的

2.violentadj.猛烈的；猛烈的；強暴的→violencen．暴力→violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地

Whowillgototheconcertisnotknown.

不知道誰會去聽音樂會。

Whateveryoudoinyoursparetimeshoulddonoharmtoothers.無論你在業(yè)余時間做什么都不應當傷害其他人。[名師點津]who引導的主語從句表示一件“事情〞，而whoever引導的主語從句指“人〞。3．連接副詞(when,where,how,why等)

連接副詞引導主語從句并在從句中作狀語。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.

這件事怎樣發(fā)生的，誰也不明白。

Whenwewillhaveameetingisanimportantquestion.我們何時舉行會議是個重要的問題。

WhereIspendmysummerisnobusinessofyours.

我在哪里過暑假不關你的事。

[名師點津]名詞性從句引導詞的確定步驟：

(1)分析句式結構，明確名詞性從句在句中的功能；(2)明確名詞性從句所表達的意義；

(3)明確名詞性從句中所需要的成分及意義；(4)確定從句的引導詞。

[即時演練2]用適當的連接代詞或連接副詞填空①Howitwasdonewasamystery.

②WhyJohnwaslatefortheclasshasbeenunexplained.

③Whichpartofthecountryhewilltraveltoneedsdiscussing.

④Where/WhentheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeendecided.⑤Whatsurprisesmemostisthatheistooproud.

⑥Whoeverisinterestedintheactivitycansignyournames.三、主語從句中用it作形式主語的結構

1．It＋be＋形容詞(obvious,true,natural,strange,etc.)＋主語從句Itisimportantthatheshouldknowaboutthis.他應當知道此事是重要的。

[名師點津]在“It＋be＋形容詞＋主語從句〞結構中，若形容詞為important/necessary/strange等，主語從句中的謂語用“(should)do〞。

2．It＋be＋名詞詞組(nowonder,anhonour,apity,a/nosurprise,etc.)＋主語從句It'sapitythathedidn'tcome.很惋惜他沒來。

3．It＋be＋過去分詞(said,reported,thought,expected,proved,etc.)＋主語從句Itissuggestedthatthemeetingbeputoff.有人建議會議延期召開。

[名師點津]在“It＋be＋過去分詞＋主語從句〞結構中，過去分詞若為suggested/ordered/required/advised等，主語從句中的謂語用“(should)do〞。4．It＋不及物動詞(happen,seem,appear,remain,etc.)＋主語從句Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.看起來好像要下雨。

5．It＋及物動詞＋賓語＋主語從句

Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.

讓他驚詫的是他們?yōu)槭裁赐蝗欢紒砜此?/p>

[即時演練3](1)補全句子

①It's_a_pitythatyoucan'tattendmybirthdayparty.很惋惜你不能參與我的生日聚會。

②It's_suggestedthattheoldman(should)gotothecountrysidetohavearest.建議這位老人到鄉(xiāng)村休息一下。

③It_seems_thatyoudisagreewiththeplan.你好像不贊成這個計劃。

④Itisdoubtfulwhether_she_will_be_able_to_come_to_the_party.她是否能來參與聚會還很難說。

⑤It_happened_thattheharvestwasbadthatyear.碰巧那年收成不好。(2)句型轉換(每空一詞)

①Thathesuddenlyfellilllastmonthsurprisedus.→Itsurprisedusthathesuddenlyfellilllastmonth.

②Whethertheywillsellthehousehasn'tbeenyetdecided.→Ithasn'tbeendecidedyetwhethertheywillsellthehouse.③Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntousall.→Itisknowntousallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.四、主語從句中應注意的問題1．從句要用陳述語序

Whatwewilldonextshouldbedecided.

應當決定一下我們下一步該做什么。2．主謂一致

(1)從句作主語時，主句的謂語一般用單數形式。

Wherehewillgetajobaftergraduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.畢業(yè)后到哪兒找份工作使他很困惑。

[名師點津]what引導主語從句時，有時主句謂語動詞應與主句中作表語的名詞保持一致。Whattheschoolneedsmostarebooks.

這所學校最需要的是書。

(2)假使由and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用復數；由兩個或多個連接詞引導一個主語從句時，謂語動詞用單數。

Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.他們將在什么時候動身以及要去哪里還沒定下來。Whenandwherethemoviewillbeshownisnotclear.這部影片何時何地上映還不明白。

[即時演練4]用所給詞的適當形式填空

①Whatsurprisedmemostwas(be)thatthemaninragswasamillionaire.②Whatheneedsmostis(be)money.

③Whenandwherethefootballmatchwillbeheldhas_been_decided(decide)already.④Thatthecoalworkersarestillaliveis(be)awonder.

Ⅰ.單句語法填空

1．Whowillbeinchargeofthecompanyisbeingdiscussed.

2．Whetherwewillholdapartytomorrowdependsontheweather.3．Wherecarswillbeparkedinthefutureisaquestion.

4．Itisveryimportantthatastudent(should)_learn(learn)Englishwell.5．Itisapitythatyoumissedthefilm.

6．Whatmadeherhappywasthatshewonthegameinsuchanimportantmatch.7．Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.

8．Whatrolehewillplayinthefilmhasn'tbeenknown.Ⅱ.單句寫作

1．(2023?北京高考書面表達)It_is_obvious(很明顯)thatthevideoturnedoutperfect.

2．(2023?天津高考書面表達)What_impresses_us_most_are(給我們印象最深的是)yourartskills,inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.

3．(2023?湖南高考書面表達)What_surprises_us_most_is(讓我們最驚詫的是)thatthewatercanremainatthattemperatureforabouttwentyhours.

4．(2023?浙江高考書面表達)What_we_need_most_are(我們最需要的是)popularsciencebooks.

5．That_the_film_star_will_come_our_city(這個電影明星將來我們市)hasexcitedeveryoneofus.

Ⅲ.語法填空(用適當的連接詞完成下面短文)

Everyoneknew1.thatWendywasafamouswriter,butnooneknew2.whereshecamefromand3.whethershewasbornin1961wasstillamystery.4.Whattheydidknowwas5.thatshewaslovedbypoorpeoplebecauseshealwayshelped6.whoeverwasinneedofmoney.Wendywasgenerousandhelpful,butsomepeoplethoughtshewaschasingfame.Wendysaidshedidn'tunderstand7.whytheyweresonarrow-minded,butitdidn'tmatter8.whatothersthoughtofher.Shejustwantedtodo9.what(ever)shethoughtwasright.Ithinkthatis10.wherethemeaningoflifelies.

Section_ⅣLearning_about_Language_&_Using_Language

[原文浮現(xiàn)]

AVISITTO①THEMOON

LastmonthIwasluckyenoughtohaveachanceto②makeatrip③intospacewithmyfriendLiYanping,anastronomer.Wevisitedthemooninourspaceship④！

Beforeweleft,LiYanpingexplainedtome⑤thattheforceofgravity⑥wouldchangethreetimesonourjourneyandthatthefirstchangewouldbethemostpowerful.Thenwewereoff⑦.Astherocketroseintotheair,wewerepushedbackinto⑧ourseatsbecauseweweretryingtoescapethepull⑨oftheearth'sgravity.Itwassohardthatwecouldnotsayanythingtoeachother⑩.Gradually?theweightlessened?andIwasabletotalktohim.“Whyisthespaceshipnotfallingbackto?theearth?OntheearthifIfallfromatreeIwillfalltotheground.〞Iasked.“Wearetoofarfrom?theearthnowtofeelitspull，〞heexplained,“sowefeelasifthereisnogravityatall.Whenwegetcloserto?themoon,weshallfeelitsgravitypulling?us,butitwillnotbeasstrongapullas?theearth's.〞Icheeredup?immediatelyandfloated?

weightlessly?aroundinourspaceshipcabin○21watchingtheearthbecomesmallerandthemoonlarger○22.[讀文清障]

①名詞visit后接to，意為“到……的旅行〞，to為介詞。②haveachancetodosth.有機遇做某事

③makeatrip(＝takeatrip＝goonatrip)去旅行

④inourspaceship乘宇宙飛船，相當于byspaceship。spaceship/'speIs?Ip/n.宇宙飛船

⑤explainsth.tosb.“向某人解釋某事〞。本句中explain的賓語是兩個that從句，因太長而后移了。

explain后不能直接跟sb.，須先接介詞to。類似的詞還有say,announce等。⑥theforceofgravity地心引力

⑦beoff離開，起飛。在本句中相當于takeoff。⑧push...backinto...把……推回到……⑨pull/p?l/n.&vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力

pulldown拆毀pullon/off匆忙穿上/匆忙脫掉

⑩so...that...如此……以至于……，引導結果狀語從句。?graduallyadv.逐漸地；逐步地，漸漸地?lessen/'lesn/vi.&vt.減少；減輕?fallbackto落回到?befarfrom離……很遠?getcloseto接近，靠近

?feelsb./sth.doingsth.感到某人/某物在做某事

?asstrongapullas為“as＋adj.＋a(n)＋n.＋as〞結構。?cheerup感到高興；感到昂揚

?float/fl??t/vi.&vt.(使)浮動；(使)漂泊n.漂泊物?weightlessly/'weItlIslI/adv.失重地○21cabin/'k?bIn/n.小屋；船艙

○22現(xiàn)在分詞短語watchingtheearth...作伴隨狀語。watchsb./sth.dosth.觀測到某人/某物做某事。月球之旅[第1～2段譯文]

我的朋友李彥平是一位天文學家，上個月我十分有幸有機遇同他一起去太空旅行。我們乘宇宙飛船游覽了月球！

在起程之前，李彥平向我解釋說，在我們的旅行中會有三次引力的改變，而第一次的改變將是最強的。隨后我們就起航了。隨著火箭升入太空，由于我們在努力解脫地球的引力，我們被向后推在座位上。這種引力太強了，以至于我們彼此間都不能說話了。漸漸地，這個力量漸漸減小，我才能夠同他講話。我問道：“為什么宇宙飛船不會落回到地球呢？在地球上的時候，假使我從樹上掉下來，總會朝地上落下去的。〞李彥平解釋說：“現(xiàn)在我們離地球太遠了，感覺不到地球的拉力，所以我們感覺好像完全沒有地球引力了。當我們更接近月球時，就會感到月球的引力在拉我們。但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。〞我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著(身后的)地球越來越小，而(前方的)月球越來越大。

Whenwegotthere,Iwantedtoexploreimmediately.“Comeon○23，〞Isaid.“Ifyouareright,myweightwillbelessthanontheearthbecausethemoonissmallerandIwillbeabletomove

morefreely.ImightevengrowtallerifIstayherelongenough.Ishallcertainlyweighless！〞Ilaughedandclimbeddownthestepsfromthespaceship.ButwhenItriedtostepforward○24，IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfaras○25ontheearthandfellover○26.“Ohdear，〞Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpractice○27nowthat○28gravityhaschanged.〞AfterawhileIgotthehangof○29itandwebegantoenjoyourselves○30.

Leavingthemoon'sgravitywasnotaspainfulasleavingtheearth's.Butreturningtotheearthwasveryfrightening.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeout○31ontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.Againwewerepushedhardintoourseatsaswecamebacktoland.“Thatwasveryexhausting○32butveryexcitingtoo，〞Isaid.“NowIknow○33muchmoreaboutgravity!Doyouthinkwecouldvisitsomestarsnexttime？〞“Ofcourse，〞hesmiled,“whichstarwouldyouliketogoto？〞

○23comeon快點兒。常用于祈使句中以勉勵某人，意為“動手吧；快點兒；加油〞。○24stepforward朝前走；邁步向前○25twiceasfaras“……的兩倍遠〞。倍數表示法：倍數(twice,threetimes...)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋as。

○26fallover跌倒；摔倒

○27動名詞walking在此處作主語。does為助動詞，加強語氣，意為“確實〞，其后跟動詞原形。

○28nowthat既然(引導原因狀語從句)○29getthehangof熟悉；把握；理解○30enjoyoneself盡情地玩；玩得高興○31breakout突發(fā)；爆發(fā)

○32exhaust/Iɡ'z??st/vt.用完；耗盡；使精疲力盡exhaustingadj.令人精疲力盡的exhaustedadj.感到精疲力盡的

exhaustionn．精疲力盡；用光，耗盡

○33know在此處相當于understand，意為“理解，明白〞。[第3～4段譯文]

我們到達月球時，我就想馬上進行探測?！皝戆桑曃艺f，“要是你講得對，我的重量就會比在地球上小，由于月球更小，而我就能更自由地活動了。假使我在月球上待的時間足夠長的話，我甚至可能長得更高，我的體重確定也會變得更輕！〞我笑著從宇宙飛船的梯級上爬下來。但當我試圖往前走時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被帶到一個步幅相當于地球上兩倍遠的地方并且摔倒了。“天哪，〞我大聲說，“重力改變了，看來走路的確需要練一練了。〞過了一會兒，我才把握了走路的訣竅，我們這才開始感到自如了。擺脫月球引力不像擺脫地球引力那樣痛楚。但是返回到地球的經歷卻是十分嚇人的。我們詫異地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。當我們回到地面時，我們又(感到)被重重地推回在座位上。我說道：“真是精疲力盡了，但也很沖動人心。關于引力，我現(xiàn)在就懂得更多了！你認為下次我們可以去別的星球上游覽嗎？〞“當然可以，〞他笑著說，“你想到哪顆星球上去呢？〞

Step1True(T)orFalse(F)．

1．Thespaceshipcan'tfallbacktotheearthbecauseitistoofarawayfromtheearth.()2．WhenIwasonthemoonIfeltIwasheavierthanIamontheearth.()

3．Attheverybeginning，theauthorfeltstrongestofthegravityoftheearth.()

10．songssong為可數名詞，且根據后面的dreams可知，應用復數，故填songs。Ⅱ.短文改錯

Charlesismymoreunforgettableteacher.Iamanaveragestudentinhighschoolandwasn'tinterestinginstudying.However,Iwasquiteenthusiasticaboutperformingplays.AfterCharlesknewmyinterest,heencouragedus.HesaidthatIhadagiftforperformandsuggestedthatImadegooduseofmytalent.Peopleusualdowellinthethingstheylike,anditisreallytrue.NowI'maprofessionalactor.IsucceededbecauseofCharlesencouragedmealot.Ikepttouchwithhimthroughlettersandphonecalluntilhediedin2023.

答案：第一句：more→most

其次句：am→was;interesting→interested第四句：us→me

第五句：perform→performance;made→make第六句：usual→usually第八句：去掉of

第九句：touch前加in;call→callsⅢ.書面表達

最近，你班同學就“太空摸索是否值得〞這一話題展開了一場探討。請你根據下表提供的信息，用英語寫一篇100詞左右的短文介紹探討的狀況。30%的同學認為不值得摸索離我們及我們的日常生活太遙遠浪費金錢，這些金錢本可用來解決地球上的饑餓、污染等問題70%的同學認為值得摸索衛(wèi)星已用來進行通訊、天氣預報，使我們的生活更便利了有望解決地球能源短缺等問題

參考范文：

Recently,studentsinourclasshavehadadiscussiononwhetherspaceisworthexploring.

Ontheonehand,30%ofusthinkthatspaceexplorationisnotworthwhile.Theythinkspaceistoofarawayfromusandourdailylife.Andspaceexplorationwillwastealotofmoney,whichcanbeusedtosolvetheproblems,suchasstarvationandpollution.

Ontheotherhand,70%thinkspaceisworthytobeexplored.Asweallknow,satelliteshavebeenusedforcommunicationaswellasweatherforecast,whichmakesourlifemoreconvenient.Besides,ifresourcesarefoundonotherplanets,theproblemofenergyshortagesonourearthcanbesolved.

第一部分聽力(總分值30分，限時20分鐘)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每題1.5分，總分值7.5分)

聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回復有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．What'sthedatetoday?

A．May30th.B．May31st.C．June1st.2．WherewastheboylastMonday?

A．Inhisschool.B．InEurope.C．InChina.

3．Howmuchdoesoneadultticketcost?

A．60dollars.B．40dollars.C．30dollars.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheroastduck?A．Great.B．Bad.C．Justso-so.5．Whatdoesthemanmean?A．Heisnottheonetoblame.B．Hewillberesponsibleforit.

C．Hewillbemorecarefulnexttime.

其次節(jié)(共15小題；每題1.5分，總分值22.5分)

聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回復第6、7題。

6．Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A．Onaplane.B．Inarestaurant.C．Inahotel.

7．Whatwillthewomanbringtotheman'sson?A．Warmwater.B．Coffee.

C．Orangejuice.

聽第7段材料，回復第8、9題。8．WhatisAnnworriedabout?A．Losingthejob.

B．Failingtofindajob.C．Missingthepromotion.

9．WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A．Gotoamovie.B．Workovertime.C．Haveagoodrest.

聽第8段材料，回復第10至12題。10．Whendidthepainterstartpainting?A．In1985.B．In1953.C．In1946.11．Whatisthepaintingmainlyabout?A．Somehikers.B．Awalkingroute.C．Anoldtree.

12．Howmuchdoesthemanpayatlast?

A．300pounds.B．350pounds.C．380pounds.聽第9段材料，回復第13至16題。

13．Whydoesthewomanwanttochangetheircar?

A．Itusesmuchgas.B．Itisnotbigenough.C．Itistoooldtogowell.

14．Howlonghasthecarbeenused?A．Foroneyear.B．Fortwoyears.C．Forthreeyears.

15．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'ssuggestion?A．Unbelievable.B．Interesting.C．Reasonable.

16．Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtodolater?A．Buyanewcar.B．Goforapicnic.C．Selltheoldcar.

聽第10段材料，回復第17至20題。17．HowdopeopleinChinaorderfood?A．Accordingtopicturesinthemenu.B．Accordingtowordsinthemenu.

C．Accordingtothewaiter'sdescriptions.18．Whendopeopleusuallystarttoorder?A．Aftersittingimmediately.B．Afterseveralminutes'talk.C．Afterfinishingdrinking.

19．WhatdopeopleoftendoinChineserestaurants?A．Stopothersmakingnoise.B．Callthewaiterloudly.C．Askforsomethingrudely.

20．Whatcan'tyouseeatthedinnertableinChina?A．Beer.

B．Hotwater.C．Coldwater.

答案：1～5ABBAB6～10ACAAC11～15BCACC16～20BAABC聽力材料：(Text1)

W：Yourbirthdayisaroundthecorner,right?M：Yeah,thedayaftertomorrow.

W：Wow,that'sChildren'sDay.Youcanspenditwithyourson.(Text2)

W：Johnisn'tgoingtocomebacktoourschool.M：Really?Why?

W：HeisleavingforChinaandheldafarewellpartylastMonday.M：It'sapitythatIwastravelingaroundEuropeatthattime.

(Text3)

W：I'dliketwotickets,oneformyselfandtheotherformylittleboy.Heissix.

M：He'ssix,right?Thenhecangetinforhalfprice.Thatwillbe60dollarsaltogether.(Text4)

M：Whatdoyouthinkofit?Iwasworriedyouwouldthinkitwastoofar.

W：Well,it'strue.I'veneverdriventwohoursjustforaroastduck.Butreally,Ithinkit'sworthit.(Text5)

W：Whatanaccident!Ifyouhadbeenmorecareful,wewouldnotbeinthisterriblesituation.M：Whatdoyoumean?Wasitmyfault?Ifitwas,Iwouldsurelytakeresponsibilityforit.(Text6)

M：Excuseme,Miss.Couldyoumaketheair-conditionercooler?

W：I'msorry.Wecannotregulatetheair-conditioner.Assoonastheplanetakesoffth