車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)篇一：車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)論文

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)畢業(yè)論文

論文題目

院系名稱

專業(yè)（班級(jí)）

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)——車輛牌照定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)系計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)

摘要

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)作為智能交通系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分，在交通監(jiān)控中占有很重要的地位。車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)可分為圖像預(yù)處理、車牌定位、字符識(shí)別3個(gè)部分，其中車牌定位作為獲得車輛牌照?qǐng)D像的重要步驟，是后續(xù)的字符識(shí)別部分能否正確識(shí)別車牌字符的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。車牌定位系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)車輛牌照進(jìn)行定位的功能,即從包含整個(gè)車輛的圖像中找到車牌區(qū)域的位置，并對(duì)該車牌區(qū)域進(jìn)行定位顯示，將定位信息提供給字符識(shí)別部分。

在本文中作者分析出車輛牌照具有如下特征：（1）具有固定的長(zhǎng)寬比；（2）車牌區(qū)域內(nèi)部字符數(shù)目固定；（3）字符與背景之間存在很大的顏色差別；（4）對(duì)于含有車牌信息的灰度圖像，其車牌區(qū)域邊緣明顯，灰度跳變大，相對(duì)于車牌以外區(qū)域，具有明顯的特征等。所以，一般基于圖像處理的車牌定位系統(tǒng)是通過分析車輛牌照的某些特征來進(jìn)行定位的。

針對(duì)車牌本身固有的特征，本文首先介紹了在車牌定位過程中常用的幾種數(shù)字圖像處

理技術(shù)：圖像的二值化處理、邊緣檢測(cè)和圖像增強(qiáng)等。其次介紹了現(xiàn)在常用的車牌定位方法，并對(duì)這些方法進(jìn)行分析，總結(jié)出各種方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，然后在此基礎(chǔ)上提出采用帶邊緣檢測(cè)的灰度圖像行掃描投影方法對(duì)車牌進(jìn)行定位，并使用VC++6.0編碼實(shí)現(xiàn)車牌定位系統(tǒng)。最后對(duì)該系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了測(cè)試，測(cè)試結(jié)果表明該系統(tǒng)具有良好的人機(jī)交互方式，具有較高的識(shí)別正確率和較快的識(shí)別速度，對(duì)用戶給定的待測(cè)圖像能夠迅速準(zhǔn)確地進(jìn)行車輛牌照的定位并將定位結(jié)果顯示給用戶，該系統(tǒng)具有一定的實(shí)用價(jià)值。

關(guān)鍵詞：車牌定位，灰度圖像，行掃描，投影

Abstract

AsanimportantpartoftheIntelligentTransportationSystems,LicensePlateRecognitionSystemplaysanimportantroleintrafficmonitoringarea.Licenseplaterecognitionsystemcanbedividedintothreeparts,i.e.,imagepre-processing,licenseplatelocationandcharacterrecognition.Thevehiclelicenseplatelocationisanimportantprocedurewhichisusedtoobtainalicenseimage.Itisalsothekeyofthefollowingcharacterrecognitionsystemwhichcanidentifythecorrectlicenseplatecharacters.Licenseplatelocationsystemcanperformthevehiclelicenselocationfunction,i.e.,findingthelocationofthevehiclelicenseintheimagecontainingtheentirevehiclelicenseplate,positioningtheplateregionandthendemonstratingthelocationinformationonthexxputerscreenwhichwillbetransferredtothecharacterrecognitionsystem.

Inthisthesis,theauthoranalyzesthevehiclelicenseandfindsthatithasthefollowingcharacteristics:Fixedaspectratio.Fixedlicenseplatecharactersnumber.Greatcolordifferencebetweencharactersandbackground.Obviousedgeandgreatintensitychangeforgrayscaleimageswithregistrationinformation,andobviouscharacteristicsxxparedwiththeouterplateregion.Therefore,themajorityofimage-basedpositioningsystemsperformlocationfunctionbyanalyzingsomecharacteristicsofthevehiclelicense.

Accordingtotheowninherentcharacteristicsoflicenseplate,thisthesisintroducesmanyxxmonlyuseddigitalimageprocessingtechniquesinthelocationprocessoflicenseplate:binaryimageprocessing,edgedetectionandimageenhancement,andsoon.Then,weintroducethexxmonlyusedmethodsoflicenseplatelocation.Further,weanalysisthesemethodsandsummarizetheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.Moreover,weproposelocatingplatebyusingthegray-scaleimageprojectionandlinescanningmethodwithedgedetection.ThissystemwasimplementedbyusingtheVC++6.0.Finally,theexperimentalresultsindicatethatthesystemhasagoodhuman-xxputerinteraction,abetteridentificationrateandhigherspeed.Forimagesprovidedbyusers,thesystemcanquicklyandaccuratelylocatethevehiclelicenseanddisplaythelocationresultstotheusers.Therefore,thissystemhassomepracticalvalues.

Keywords:licenseplatelocation,gray-scaleimages,linescan,projection

目錄

摘要..........................................................................................................................................IAbstract.........................................................................................................................................III目錄.......................................................................................................................................IV

第一章緒論.................................................................................................................................1

1.1課題的及意義..........................................................................................................1

1.2課題主要研究的問題......................................................................................................1

1.3系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)及基本思路..........................................................................................1

1.3.1設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)...............................................................................................................2

1.3.2基本思路...............................................................................................................2

第二章車牌定位中常用的數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù).........................................................................3

2.1汽車牌照的特征..............................................................................................................3

2.2數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)概述..................................................................................................3

2.3DIB圖像概述................................................................................................................3

2.4車牌定位中常用的數(shù)字圖像處理技術(shù)概述..................................................................4

2.4.1圖像二值化...........................................................................................................4

2.4.2邊緣檢測(cè)...............................................................................................................4

2.4.3圖像增強(qiáng)...............................................................................................................5

第三章車牌定位方法研究.........................................................................................................6

3.1車牌定位常用方法介紹..................................................................................................6

3.1.1基于紋理特征分析的定位方法...........................................................................6

3.1.2基于數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)的定位方法...............................................................................6

3.1.3基于邊緣檢測(cè)的定位方法...................................................................................6

3.1.4基于小波分析的定位方法...................................................................................6

3.1.5基于圖像彩色信息的定位方法...........................................................................6

3.2基于行掃描灰度跳變分析的車牌定位方法..................................................................7

第四章車牌定位系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn).........................................................................................8

4.1車牌定位系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)分析..................................................................................................8

4.1.1系統(tǒng)業(yè)務(wù)需求........................................................................................................8

4.1.2系統(tǒng)用戶需求........................................................................................................8

4.1.3系統(tǒng)功能需求........................................................................................................8

4.1.4系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行環(huán)境需求...............................................................................................8

4.2車牌定位系統(tǒng)的整體架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)......................................................................................8

4.2.1系統(tǒng)總體架構(gòu).......................................................................................................8

4.2.2系統(tǒng)技術(shù)架構(gòu).......................................................................................................9

4.3車牌定位系統(tǒng)的功能模塊劃分和實(shí)現(xiàn)........................................................................10

4.3.1系統(tǒng)的功能模塊劃分.........................................................................................10

4.3.2系統(tǒng)的功能模塊實(shí)現(xiàn).........................................................................................11

第五章車牌定位系統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)測(cè)試...........................................................................................16

5.1系統(tǒng)測(cè)試過程................................................................................................................16

5.2系統(tǒng)測(cè)試結(jié)果................................................................................................................17

5.3測(cè)試結(jié)果分析................................................................................................................24

第六章技術(shù)要點(diǎn)回顧...............................................................................................................26

6.1難度分析........................................................................................................................26

6.2主要工作........................................................................................................................26

6.3應(yīng)用的主要技術(shù)手段....................................................................................................26

6.4存在的問題及展望........................................................................................................27

結(jié)論.......................................................................................................................................28

參考文獻(xiàn).......................................................................................................................................29

致謝.......................................................................................................................................30

篇二：

在車牌自動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)中對(duì)字符的分割與識(shí)

別的研

摘要

隨著世界各國(guó)汽車數(shù)量的急劇增加，城市交通狀況口益受到人們的重視。如何有效地進(jìn)行交通管理，越來越成為各國(guó)政府和有關(guān)部門所關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。車輛牌照的自動(dòng)識(shí)別是計(jì)算機(jī)視覺與模式識(shí)別技術(shù)在智能交通領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用的重要研究課題之一，是實(shí)現(xiàn)交通管理智能化的重要環(huán)節(jié)。

本課題是汽車牌照自動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的一部分，建立了一個(gè)完全由軟件來實(shí)現(xiàn)的汽車牌照字符識(shí)別系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)將輸入的車牌彩色圖像通過識(shí)別處理，輸出可xx的字符串。整個(gè)處理過程分為圖像預(yù)處理、牌照的傾斜校正、字符分割和字符識(shí)別四部分。圖像預(yù)處理階段主要是研究圖像的灰度化處理、去噪處理以及圖像的二值化操作。針對(duì)由十光照等原因造成的圖像黑白不分明，本文采用了改進(jìn)的二值化算法，在OSTU算法的基礎(chǔ)上，改進(jìn)了圖像的處理效果。傾斜矯正階段主要是先檢測(cè)那些由十拍攝角度等問題造成的車牌圖像的傾斜角度，然后采用兩次變換的方法對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行矯正處理。在字符分割階段，本文主要采用先分割后驗(yàn)證的方式保證分割的成功率，然后將分割好的字符圖像做歸一化處理，統(tǒng)一大小。最后的字符識(shí)別部分首先利用數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)中的細(xì)化處理，抽取字符的骨架，然后利用模板匹配法識(shí)別字符。

本文研究證明:改進(jìn)后的二值化算法可以較好的保留圖像細(xì)節(jié)，消除噪音，抗噪能力強(qiáng);基十Hough變換求取傾斜角度，再采用兩次變換的方法使得矯正后的圖像失真較小;通過細(xì)化處理后，再采用模板匹配法可以快速準(zhǔn)確地識(shí)別出車牌字符等。關(guān)鍵詞:汽車牌照自動(dòng)識(shí)別系統(tǒng)，二值化，細(xì)化，模板匹配法

TheStudyofSegmentationandRecognitioninthe

VehicleLicensePlateAutomaticSystem

xiaochunshuang

ABSTRACT

Withtheincrementofvehicleallovertheworld,thesituationofcitytrafficisattractedtherecognitionofpeople.Howtomanagethetrafficeffectivelyisbexxethefocusofpeoplemoreandmore.LicensePlateRecognitionSystemisthexxputervisionandoneoftheimportantsubjectsforresearchthatrecognitiontechnologyemployinthefieldofintellectualtrafficsystem,realizetheintelligentimportantlinksoftrafficadministration.

ThistopicisapartofLicensePlateRecognitionSystem,hasestablishedonexxpletelythelicenseplatecharacterrecognitionsystemwhichrealizesbythesoftware.Thissystemwillinputthecarlicensecolorimagethroughrecognitionprocessing,thestringofcharacterwhichtheoutputmightedit.Theentiretreatingprocessesdivideintotheimagepretreatment,thelicenseplatecorrectionforgrade,thecharacterdivisionandthecharacterrecognitionfourparts.

Theimagepretreatmentstagemainlystudiestheimagegradationprocessing,denoisingprocessingandtheimagebinaryzationoperation.Inviewofbecausereasonsandsoonilluminationcreatestheimageblackandwhiteisnotdistinct,thispaperhasusedtheimprovementbinaryzationalgorithm,intheOSTUalgorithmfoundation,improvedtheimageprocessingeffect.Theinclinedcorrectionstagemainlyexaminesthattiltangleofcarlicenseimagebecauseofshootingangleandsoonquestions,first，thenusesthemethodwhichtwotimestransformtotheimagetocarryoncorrectionprocessing.Inthecharacterdivisionstage,thispapermainlyusesthewayguaranteedivisionsuccessratiowhichdividesfirstandsecondconfirms,thenwilldividethecharacterimagewillmakenormalizedprocessing,

unifiedsize.Thefinalcharacterrecognitionpartfirstusesinmathematicsmorphologyrefinementextractionthecharacterskeleton,thenusetemplatematchmethodrecognition

Thispaperprovedthat,theimprovementbinaryzationalgorithmcanretainthegoodretentionimagedetail,eliminatethenoise,alsohasstronganti-chirpability;BasedontheHoughtransformationseekingangleoftilt,afterusesthemethodwhichtwotimestransformtocausethedistortionofcorrectiontheimagetobesmall;Afterrefinementprocessing,usesthetemplatematchmethodtobepossibledistinguishthecarlicensecharacterfastand

accuratelyandsoon.

Keywords:LicensePlateRecognitionSystem,binaryzation,refinement,templatematchmethod

目錄

第一章緒論.......................................................................................................................................5

1.1車牌識(shí)別項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)概述.....................................................................................................5

1.2車牌識(shí)別項(xiàng)目的意義.........................................................................................................5

1.3車牌識(shí)別項(xiàng)目研究現(xiàn)狀.....................................................................................................6

1.4本文的研究?jī)?nèi)容.................................................................................................................8

第二章圖像預(yù)處理.......................................................................................................................10

2.1BMP圖像的讀取與轉(zhuǎn)換.................................................................................................10

2.2彩色圖像灰度化...............................................................................................................12

2.3去噪處理..............................................................................................................

.............13

2.4灰度圖像的二值化...........................................................................................................14

第三章圖像校正...........................................................................................................................16

3.1圖像傾斜角度檢測(cè)...........................................................................................................16

3.2車牌圖像校正...................................................................................................................16

3.2.1車牌圖像校正方法................................................................................................16

3.2.2車牌圖像校正的流程............................................................................................18

3.2.3車牌圖像校正應(yīng)用................................................................................................20

第四章字符分割.............................................................................................................................21

4.1車牌字符分割...................................................................................................................21

4.1.1消除車牌邊框........................................................................................................21

4.1.2車牌中字符的分割................................................................................................22

4.2字符歸一化.......................................................................................................................23

第五章字符識(shí)別.............................................................................................................................25

第六章車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn).............................................................................................................27

6.1車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)總流程.......................................................................................................27

6.2識(shí)別結(jié)果...........................................................................................................................27

第七章結(jié)論.....................................................................................................................................29

致謝................................................................................................................................................31

參考文獻(xiàn).........................................................................................................................................32

第一章緒論

1.1車牌識(shí)別項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)概述

隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)十交通狀況的要求也越來越高，在交通硬件取得了很大成就的同時(shí)，交通類軟件的發(fā)展也引起了人們的廣泛重視。一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家近年來出現(xiàn)了很多這方面的理論研究成果和軟件產(chǎn)品，我國(guó)在這方面的研究也具備了一定的規(guī)模。大量在公共場(chǎng)合的汽車需要得到監(jiān)管，而目前在各大城市。欠費(fèi)違章車輛招搖過市。各種違章行為層出不窮；車輛盜竊案件也時(shí)常發(fā)生。涉及機(jī)動(dòng)車的各種經(jīng)濟(jì)和刑事案件屢禁不止。給現(xiàn)代化的交通管理和公安刑偵等帶來了眾多問題。為了更好地進(jìn)行管理，必須對(duì)車輛進(jìn)行一種確認(rèn)，而車牌識(shí)別就是其中最有效的確認(rèn)方法，車牌識(shí)別LPR是LicensePlateRecognition的簡(jiǎn)稱，它是智能交通系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分。車牌識(shí)別技術(shù)在高速公路收費(fèi)站、路口監(jiān)測(cè)、大型停車場(chǎng)等場(chǎng)所具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

1.2車牌識(shí)別項(xiàng)目的意義

首先，車牌識(shí)別技術(shù)在提高高速公路收費(fèi)站效率方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用。由十高速公路運(yùn)輸中傳統(tǒng)的人工收取通行費(fèi)方法效率低下，而近幾年不斷增大的交通流量，往往使得各式車輛在收費(fèi)管卡處滯留形成“瓶頸”，不能完全發(fā)揮出高速公路的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，這個(gè)問題如得不到解決，勢(shì)必影響交通運(yùn)輸線的暢通，甚至導(dǎo)致直接或間接的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。不停車自動(dòng)收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)是解決這一問題的有效方法之一，該系統(tǒng)的啟用將大大提高收費(fèi)站各通道的處理能力，減少車輛通過的時(shí)間。目前，類似的自動(dòng)收費(fèi)系統(tǒng)在美國(guó)和歐洲一些發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家已經(jīng)得到使用推廣，據(jù)資料表明:高速公路自動(dòng)收費(fèi)站車輛的平均通過速度為每小時(shí)1500輛，而在裝有自動(dòng)收幣機(jī)的收費(fèi)站為每小時(shí)650輛，人工收費(fèi)則最多為每小時(shí)350輛。隨著該系統(tǒng)的推廣使用，收費(fèi)站前的車輛賭塞和交通擁擠的情況得到緩解，可以為過往車輛節(jié)約運(yùn)營(yíng)時(shí)間，這對(duì)十長(zhǎng)途旅客運(yùn)輸和商用貨物運(yùn)輸也顯得尤為重要。此外，由于不停

篇三：畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)論文_車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)參考

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)

摘要

車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)是智能交通系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，同時(shí)也是計(jì)算機(jī)視覺、圖像處理和模式識(shí)別等交叉學(xué)科的研究熱點(diǎn)。車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)廣泛應(yīng)用于高速公路自動(dòng)收費(fèi)和超速監(jiān)管系統(tǒng)、公路流量監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)、停車場(chǎng)收費(fèi)管理系統(tǒng)、安防系統(tǒng)以及小區(qū)物業(yè)管理系統(tǒng)等等。

本文在VC++6.0平臺(tái)下，結(jié)合OpenCV視覺庫，開發(fā)了車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)。車牌識(shí)別系統(tǒng)分為五大組成部分：圖像預(yù)處理、車牌定位、車牌傾斜校正、字符分割和字符識(shí)別。

本系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)斎氲膱D像進(jìn)行圖像預(yù)處理，包括圖像灰度化、圖像濾波、邊緣檢測(cè)和二值化等；其次，通過使用數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)技術(shù)和車牌的高寬比固有特征從預(yù)處理后的圖像中定位出車牌位置，并把車牌提取出來；再次，使用Hough變換方法測(cè)出傾斜角，對(duì)車牌進(jìn)行有效的旋轉(zhuǎn)校正；通過水平投影去除車牌的上下邊框，使用垂直投影法把字符一個(gè)個(gè)分割出來；最后，通過模板匹配法識(shí)別車牌字符并輸出。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，車牌定位的準(zhǔn)確率為87.9%，車牌字符的正確識(shí)別率為72.6%。

關(guān)鍵詞：車牌定位，數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)，Hough變換，傾斜校正，投影

DesignandImplementationofLicense

PlateRecognitionSystem

Abstract

Licenseplaterecognitionsystemisanimportantpartofintelligenttransportationsystemandithasawiderangeofapplications.Itisahotspotofresearchinxxputervision,imageprocessingandpatternrecognition.Licenseplaterecognitionsystemiswidelyappliedinthehighwayautomaticchargingandspeedregulationsystem,highwaytrafficmonitoringsystem,parkingfeemanagementsystem,securitysystemandtheresidentialpropertymanagementsystem,etc.

ThissystemisdevelopedinVC++6.0platformandxxputervisionlibraryOpenCV.Licenseplaterecognitionsystemdesignedismainlydividedintofiveparts:imagepreprocessing,licenseplateorientation,licenseplatetiltcorrection,charactersegmentationandcharacterrecognition.

Thissystemcanperformtheimagepretreatmenttotheinputimage,includingtheimagegraylevel,theimagefiltering,edgedetectionandbinarizationandsoon.Secondly,byusingthetechnologyofmathematicalmorphologyandtheplateinherentcharacteristicsofaspectratiotopositionlicenseplatelocationintheimageafterpretreatment,andextractthelicenseplate.Thirdly,HoughTransformmethodisusedtomeasuretheangleandeffectiverotationcorrectionthelicense

plate.Fourthly,byusinghorizontalprojectiontoremovetheupanddownbordersofthelicenseplate,thecharactersaredividedonebyoneusingtheverticalprojectionmethod.Finally,usingthetemplatematchingmethodtorecognizethecharacters,andoutputit.Experimentsshowthattheaccuracyoflicenseplatelocationis87.9%,thecorrectrateoflicenseplatecharacterrecognitionis72.6%.

Keywords:licenseplatelocalization,mathematicsmorphology,Houghtransform,tiltcorrection,projection

目錄

1引言........................................................................................................................1

1.1課題研究目的與意義.....................................................................................1

1.2國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀.............................................................................................3

1.2.1國(guó)內(nèi)研究現(xiàn)狀........................................................................................3

1.2.2國(guó)外研究現(xiàn)狀........................................................................................4

1.3目前存在的問題.............................................................................................5

2系統(tǒng)開發(fā)編程語言................................................................................................7

2.1VisualC++介紹...............................................................................................7

2.2OpenCV介紹..................................................................................................83系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

3.1需求分析.......................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

3.2軟件系統(tǒng)組成...............................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

3.3系統(tǒng)的層次結(jié)構(gòu)...........................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

3.4系統(tǒng)的軟硬件環(huán)境.......................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。4系統(tǒng)的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)..................................................................錯(cuò)誤！未定義書簽。

4.1圖像預(yù)處理..........