2023學(xué)年完整公開(kāi)課版livingwell高考鏈接

09年高考真題詳解（09湖南）1．Whenhethedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere. A.wouldopen B.opened C.hadopened D.【解析】D非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：當(dāng)他要打開(kāi)門(mén)的時(shí)候,他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的鑰匙不見(jiàn)了。動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。（09湖南）2.Nowadayspeoplesometimesseparatetheirwastetomakeiteasierforit.A.reusing B.reused C.reuses D.【解析】D考查動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)的用法。句意為：現(xiàn)在人們有時(shí)把他們的廢物分開(kāi)，以便很容易被重復(fù)利用。重新再利用是指將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，而且是被動(dòng)的。故選D。（09海南）3Thechildrenallturnedthefamousactressassheenteredtheclassroom.A.lookedatB.tolookatC.tolookingatD.lookat【解析】B。句意為：當(dāng)那位著名的女演員走進(jìn)了教室，所有的孩子都轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)頭去看她。turnto表示“轉(zhuǎn)向，求助”的意思。（09上海）22.Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.A.tobereportedB.reportingC.toreportD.havingreported【解析】C?！皌hreatentodo威脅要做…”句意為：如果損失不賠償?shù)脑?huà)，大衛(wèi)要威脅要把鄰居告到警察局。toreport表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。（09天津）25.______theprojectintime,thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A.CompetingB.HavingcompletedC.TohavecompletedD.Tocomplete【解析】D。句意為：為了及時(shí)完成工程，全體職工在周末仍然工作。不定時(shí)表示目的。動(dòng)詞不定式專(zhuān)講：一、作主語(yǔ)⒈不定式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，其位置有以下兩種：(1)把不定式置于句首。如：Togettherebybikewilltakeushalfanhour.(2)用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把真正的主語(yǔ)不定式置于句后，常用于下列句式中。如：①I(mǎi)t＋be＋名詞＋todoIt‘sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②Ittakessb+sometime+todoHowlongdidittakeyoutofinishthework?③It＋be＋形容詞＋forsb＋todoItisdifficultforustofinishwritingthecompositioninaquarterofanhour.④It＋be＋形容詞＋ofsb＋todoItisstupidofyoutowritedowneverythingtheteachersays.⑤Itseems(appears)＋形容詞＋todoItseemedimpossibletosavemoney.在句型③中，常用表示客觀(guān)情況的形容詞，如：difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary等；在句型④中，常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示贊揚(yáng)或批評(píng)的詞。在不定式前的sb，可看作其邏輯主語(yǔ)。這一句式有時(shí)相當(dāng)于Sbis＋形容詞＋todo句式，如：It’skindofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.=YouarekindtohelpmewithmyEnglish.二、作賓語(yǔ)⒈不定式作賓語(yǔ)①以下動(dòng)詞后，只能跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)。如：agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等，這些詞大部分可接that引導(dǎo)的從句。如：Idecidedtoaskformymoneyback.IdecidedthatIwouldaskformymoneyback.Whenourvisittothefarmwasover,weexpectedtostartbackonfoot.Whenourvisittothefarmwasover,weexpectedthatwewouldstartbackonfoot.②當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式時(shí)，先用形式賓語(yǔ)it代替不定式，把不定式置于補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后，即：主語(yǔ)＋動(dòng)詞＋it＋補(bǔ)語(yǔ)＋todo句式。如：Wethinkitquiteimportantforustolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Hefeelsithisdutytohelpthepoor.③介詞but,except,besides+todo(do)在這種句型中，如介詞前有動(dòng)詞do，后面應(yīng)接不帶to的不定式；如無(wú)do，則接to不定式，即帶do不帶to，帶to不帶do。如：Theenemysoldiershadnochoicebuttogivein.OnSundayafternoonIhadnothingtodobutwatchTV.三、做表語(yǔ)不定式作表語(yǔ)表示具體動(dòng)作或?qū)?lái)動(dòng)作；動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示抽象的一般行為。①Tobekindtotheenemyistobecrueltothepeople.②Mychiefpurposeistopointoutthedifficultiesofthematter.③WhatIwouldsuggestistoputoffthemeeting.四、作定語(yǔ)⒈不定式作定語(yǔ)不定式在句中作定語(yǔ)，置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后。如：①ThenexttraintoarriveisfromWashington.②Haveyouanythingtobetakentoyoursister?③Doyouhaveanythingtosayonthequestion?④Wouldyoupleasegivemesomepapertowriteon?⑤MywishtovisitFrancehascometrueatlast.五、不定式作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)⒈作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)一些及物動(dòng)詞除要求按賓語(yǔ)外，有時(shí)還需要有賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的行為、狀態(tài)、特征，這時(shí)意思才相對(duì)完整。(1)常要求不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：allow,ask,advise,beg,cause,drive（強(qiáng)迫），encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,wouldlike(love,hate),order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。如：①WouldyoulikemetogiveyourregardstoMary?②Iwantyoutounderstandthewholepassageclearly.(2)部分動(dòng)詞后常接tobe＋形容詞、名詞短語(yǔ)等形式，有時(shí)tobe可省略，如：believe,consider,discover,find(=consider),feel(=think),imagine,judge,know,prove,think,suppose,see(=understand),understand等。①WeallbelieveJohn(tobe)honest.②Iconsiderhim(tobe)oneofthebestbiologyteachersofNo.1MiddleSchool.但當(dāng)不定式是完成式時(shí)，to不能省略，如：Weconsiderhimtohavebeenfoolish.(3)感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后用作賓補(bǔ)的不定式須省略to。①I(mǎi)didn‘thearanyonesayanythingaboutit.②Theymakethestudentsdotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.這種句式在變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，to不能省略，如第②句：Thestudentsaremadetodotoomuchhomeworkeveryday.⒉作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，和主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成一種邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如：①Hewasnotallowedtoentertheclassroomforbeinglate.②Theyounguniversitystudentisconsideredtohavegreatpromise.六、不定式作狀語(yǔ)⒈作目的狀語(yǔ)(1)①I(mǎi)stayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.②Henryhasdecidedtogotothehospitaltobeexaminedbythedoctor.(2)有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，不定式前可加inorder或soas。如：Bobtookdownmytelephonenumbersoas(inorder)nottoforgetit.有時(shí)為強(qiáng)調(diào)目的狀語(yǔ)可把inorderto或不定式置于句首，但soasto不能這樣用。在這種句式中不定式部分可轉(zhuǎn)換為sothat,inorderthat,成為目的狀語(yǔ)從句，如：Istayedtheresothat(inorderthat)Icouldseewhatwouldhappen.⒉作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)Wecamehomeafterourholidaytofindourgardenneatandtidy.不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)還常用在下列句式中。如：①so…asto;such…astoI‘mnotsostupid(afool)astoputitinwriting.我不至于愚蠢到會(huì)把它寫(xiě)下來(lái)。I’mnotsuchastupidfoolastoputitinwriting.②enough…toThespeedishighenoughforustocatchupwiththefirstliner.③onlytoJanehurriedbackonlytofindhermotherdyinginthehospital.④too…toI‘mtootiredtostayuplonger.⒊不定式短語(yǔ)還可作獨(dú)立成分，用于句首、句中或句末。如：Totellthetruth,theplaywasagreatdisappointmenttome.常見(jiàn)的短語(yǔ)有tobeexact（確切地說(shuō)），tobeginwith（首先），todohimjustice（說(shuō)句對(duì)他公道的話(huà)），tobesure（真的）等等。七、動(dòng)詞不定式的其它用法⒈疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式結(jié)構(gòu)疑問(wèn)詞who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。如：①WhentoleaveforLondonhasnotbeendecidedyet.②Mr.Smithdidn‘tknowwhethertoleaveorstaythere.③IaskedProfessorXuhowtolearnEnglishwell.④Thequestionwaswheretogetthemedicineneeded.以上例句中疑問(wèn)詞＋不定式部分，均可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的從句形式。⒉動(dòng)詞不定式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)(1)時(shí)態(tài)①一般式：動(dòng)詞不定式一般式表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后，有時(shí)表示同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：Ihopetobecomeauniversitystudentthisyear.（tobecome發(fā)生在hope之后）WeoftenhearDickplaythepianointhenextroom.（play和hear同時(shí)發(fā)生）②完成式：表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前。如：I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Wearetooyoungtohaveseentheoldsociety.③進(jìn)行式：表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：TheteacherhappenedtobecorrectingourpaperswhenIcamein.Theyseemedtobediscussingsomethingimportant.(2)語(yǔ)態(tài)如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是這個(gè)不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如：It‘sagreathonourtobeinvitedtoMary’sbirthdayparty.（不定式作主語(yǔ)）Itwasimpossibleforlosttimetobemadeup.（不定式作主語(yǔ)）Iwishtobesenttoworkinthecountry.（不定式作賓語(yǔ)）Canyoutellmewhichisthecartoberepaired?（不定式作定語(yǔ)）Hewenttothehospitaltobeexamined.（不定式作狀語(yǔ)）在Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語(yǔ)的不定式可用被動(dòng)，也可用主動(dòng)。如：Therearestillmanythingstotakecareof(tobetakencareof).但有時(shí)兩種形式表達(dá)的意思不同，如：Theseisnothingtodonow.(Wehavenothingtodonow.)Thereis