2016年6月英語四級真題及答案第3套

PartIWriting(30Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答。PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Signsbarringcell-phoneuseareafamiliarsighttoanyonewhohaseversatinahospitalwaitingroom.Butthe26popularityofelectronicmedicalrecordshasdhospital-baseddoctorsto e27oncomputersthroughouttheday,anddesktops—whichkeepdoctorsfrombedsides—are28givingwaytowirelessdevices.Asclericalloadsincreased,“somethinghadto29,andthatwasalwaysfacetimewithatiet,”saysDr.BhaktiPa,aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofCicginternal-medicineprogram.Infall2010,shehelped30apilotprojectinChicagotoseeiftheinternal-medicineprogramadoptedthesame32in2011.MedicalschoolsatYaleandStanfordnowhavepaperless,iPad-basedcurriculums.Y’llwantaniPadjustsoyoucanwearts”isthesloganforoneofthenewlabcoats33withlargepocketsto tabletcomputers.AstudyoftheUniversityofChicagoiPadprojectfoundthatpatientsgottestsand34fasteriftheywerecaredforbyiPad-equippedresidents.Manypatientsalso35abetterunderstandingoftheillnessesthatlandedtheminthehospitalinthefirstce.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。A)B)C)D)E)F)G)H)I)J)K)L)M)N)O)特別說明：2016年6月大四級試卷的三套試題有部分，本試卷（第三套）只Section Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoonAnswerSheetAncientGreekWisdomInspiresGuidelinestoGoodIsitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars,terrorism,economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases?Theanswerisyes,accordingtoanewbookThe10GoldenRules:AncientWisdomfromtheGreekPhilosophersonLivingaGoodLife.Thebookisco-authoredbyLongIslandUverit’sphilosophyprofessorMichaelSoupiosandeconomicsprofessorPanosThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless,saysSoupios.Thephilosophyprofessorsaysitisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwrittenmanycenturiesago.Tereisnoexpiration(失效)dateonid,”hesays,“Thereisnoshelflifeoninligence.Ithinkthatthingshave everygloomytheseday,lotsofmisunderstanding,misleadingcues,alotofwhattheancientswouldhavecalledsophistry(詭辯).ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthattheytendedtoseelifeclearandwhole,inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetda”ExamineyourlifeSoupios,alongwithhisco-authorPanosMourdoukoutas,developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningtothemenbehindthatphilosophy—AristotleSocrates,EpictetusandPythagoras,amongothersThefirstrule—examineyourlife—isthecommonthreadthatrunsthroughtheentirebook.Soupiossaysthatitisbasedontsobservationthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.TeGreeksarealwaysconcernedaboutboxingthemselvesin,intermsofconvictions信念”hesays“Sotakeastepbackswitchofftheautomaticpilotandactuallystopandreflectaboutthingslikeourpriorities,ourvalues,andourreatiosis”StopworryingaboutwhatyoucannotAswebegintoexamineourlife,Soupiossays,wecometoRuleNo.2:Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol.“TheindividualwhopromotedthisideawasaStoicphilosopher.HisnameisEctets”hesays.“AndwhattheStoicssayingeneralissimplythis:Thereisalargerninlife.Youarenotreallygoingtobeabletounderstandallofthedimensionsofthisn.Youarenotgoingtobeabletocontrolthedimensionsofthis”So,Soupiosexins,itisnotworthittowasteourphysical,inlectualandspiritualenergyworryingaboutthingsthatarebeyondourcontrol.“IcannotcontrolwhetherornotIwindupgettingthediseaseswineflu,forexamle”Hesays.“Imean,therearesomecautiousstepsIcantake,butultimayIcannotguaranteemyselfthat.SowhatEpictetuswouldsayissittingathomeworryingaboutthatwouldbewrongandwastefulandirrational.Youshouldliveyourlifeattemptingtoidentifyandcontrolthosethingswhichyoucangenuinely”SeektrueTohaveameaningful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotle—astudentoftoandteacherofAlexandertheGreat—mostrelationshipsd’tqualifyastruefriendships.“JustbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship,itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthisismyried,”Soupiossays.Realfriendshipiswhentwoindividualssharethesamesoul.ItisabeautifulanduncharacteristicallypoeticimagethatAristotleffrs”alifeofindulgence()andluxury,fortheancientGreeks,itmeantfindingastateofcalm,peaceandmentalease.“Thiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleasureandhappinessfortheancient”inthemodernera.Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofcalmness,asortofcontentmentinmentalandspiritualway,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthehighestformofhappinessandlasre”DogoodtoOthergoldenrulescounselustomasterourselves,toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous(發(fā)跡的)fool.Therearealsorulesdealingwithinteralrelationships:Bearesponsiblehumanbeinganddonotdoevilthingstoothers.TisisHesiod,ofcourse,ayoungercontemporarypoet,webelieve,withH,Soupiossays.“Hesiodoffersanidea—whichyouveryoftenfindinsomeofthewl’sgreatreligionsintheJudeo-ChristiantraditionandinIslamandothers—thatinsomesense,whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing,youhurtyourself.Thatdamagingotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife,trashingrelationships,resultsinakindofself-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritualwd.”Instead,Soupiossays,ancientwisdomurgesustodogood.GoldenRuleNo.10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.TsisAesop,thefabulist(寓言家),themanofthesecharminglittletales,oftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelaisi,”hesays.“IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodturntoanotherhumanbeing,onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyouthedoerofthegooddeed.Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed,attheveryleast,thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment.”Soupiossaysfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersand eengagedandhappierhumanbeings.Andthat,henotes,isalifeworthliving.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife.AncientPhilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleofNotallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulWecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodernThedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcreteHowtoachievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationMichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinAncientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedoThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless,andareapplicableDirection:Therearetwopassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingAttitudestowardnewoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredestseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhethertedliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow—andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually,thiss’tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnew,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicusecasesfordriverlesscars.Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedthanolderones.Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudearemorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation:59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.Wherealivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholivesincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.Whiletersreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,asagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscan Oncedriverlesscaresareactuallyavailableforsale,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.WhathappenswhenanewtechnologyItfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheItoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedItcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasaItusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentageWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlessItdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationalD)IthasgivenrisetounrealisticWhydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldItsavestheir B)IthelpswiththeirC)Itaddstothesafetyoftheir D)ItstirsuptheirinterestinWhatislikelytoaffectone’sattitudetowardthedriverlessThelocationoftheir B)ThefieldoftheirspecialC)Theamountoftrainingthey D)ThelengthoftheirdrivingWhoarelikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlessThe B)TheC)The D)ThetechPassageQuestion51to55arebasedonthefollowingd”saysKenAlbalaaprofessorofhistoryattheUniversityofthePacifice,at5or6ydhaveasmallerser.”Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal,eatenwiththeextendedfamily.“MealsarethefoundationofthefamilsaysCaroleCounihan,aprofessoratMillersvilleUniversityinPensylvania,“sotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtgete”andstrengtheningfamilyties.Sinceindustrialization,maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder,withthelongmiddaymealshrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoodstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.Moderntechniquesforproducingandshipfoodledtogreatervarietyandty,includingatremendousincreaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourYetplentyhasbeenlosttoo,eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat.TakeItaly.’snosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandeat.Italians,saysCounihan,traditionallybeganthedaywithasmallmeal.Thebigmealcameataround1p.m.Inbetweenthemiddaymealandalate,smallerdinnercameasmallsnack.Today,whentimezoneshavelessandlessmeaning,thereislittletoleranceforc’closingforlunch,andworseningtrafficincitiesmeansworkerscatmakeithomeandbackfastenoughanyway.Sotheformerlysmallsupperaftersundown esthebigmealoftheday,theonlyoneatwhichthefamilyhasachancetogettogether.“Theeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwos,”saysCounihan.Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutpeopleinpre-industrialTheyhadtoworkfromearlymorningtilllateatTheyweresobusyworkingthattheyonlyatesimpleTheirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalTheirlifewasmuchmorecomfortablethanthatofItwashelpfultomaintainingaatio’stradition.B)Itbroughtfamilymembersclosertoeachother.C)Itwascharacteristicoftheagrarian D)ItenabledfamiliestosavealotofWhatdoescltalmetals”(Line1,Para.3)referA)Evolutionary B)ChangesinC)Social D)PaceofWhatdoestheauthorthinkofthefoodpeopleeatItsqualityisusuallyguaranteed.B)Itisvaried,abundantandC)Itismorecostlythanwhatourancestorsate. D)ItsproductiondependstoomuchonWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutItaliansoftheoldTheyenjoyedcookingaswellaseating.B)TheyateabigdinnerlateintheC)Theyatethreemealsregularlyeveryday.D)TheywereexpertatcookingPartⅣTranslation(30Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.式旅店和餐館。在過去一千年里，烏鎮(zhèn)的水系和生活方式并歷多少變化，是一座展現(xiàn)古市。無數(shù)寬敞美麗的庭院藏身于屋舍之間，游客們每到一處都有會驚喜的發(fā)現(xiàn)。注意：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。June18,DearMomandDad,Iwouldliketoextendmyheartfeltthankstoyouforyourmanyyearsofselflessloveandsupport.IwanttoletyouknowhowmuchIloveyouandhowmuchIappreciateallthatyouhavegivenme.Yousupportmenotonlymateriallybutalsospiritually.Youhavealwaysencouragedmenomatterhowhardtheendeavor.WhenIsucceed,bothofyoualwaysencouragemenottogiveup.Yourencouragementisthebestincentiveformetomoveon.Yourselflesscontributionmadeitpossibleformetopassthecollegeentranceexaminationwithahighscore.Icherishthefamilialaffectionyouhaveshownme.Iwillstudyhardtobeausefulandw’tdisappointyou.Love,JennyPartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionA第26、27、31第28題填副詞 第32、34題填名詞【文章大意】無線電子設(shè)備如iPad正在越來越多地被應(yīng)用到醫(yī)院的診療當(dāng)中，甚至醫(yī)學(xué)院G)growing。此空為名詞popularity的限定詞，應(yīng)是一個帶有形容詞性質(zhì)的詞匯，備選項A，G，L，N中只有G項growing符合題意。本句意為：電子醫(yī)療記錄普及率越來越A)dependent。此空為hospital-baseddoctors的表語，且后面與介詞on搭配，在備選項A，L，N中只有A項dependent符合題意。短語bedependentonsth.意為：依C)fast。此句有一個插入語whichkeepdoctorsfrombesides，其主語為desktops，謂語為giveaway，用了現(xiàn)在進行時。故此空是修飾謂語的，應(yīng)為副詞。備選項C和K中，C項fast符合題意。此句意思是讓醫(yī)生離開病床的臺式機在很快讓位于無線設(shè)備。F)give。此空為動詞和hadto搭配。備選項F項give符合題意。此句意思是隨H)launch。此空為apilotproject的謂語，且前面和helped動詞搭配，應(yīng)為動詞。只有備選項H項launch符合題意。launchapilotproject意為：開展實驗項目。N)successful。此空為Theexperiment的表語，且為so…that…E，L，N中只有N項successfulI)。此空為名詞，作adopted的賓語。在備選項I，J，M，O當(dāng)中，和designedwithpockets符合題意，此句中designed為過去分詞表示O)treatments。此空需要一個和tests并列的名詞，作got的賓語。只有備選項O項treatments符合題意。testsandtreatmentsEgained。此空為patients的謂語，后面和abetterunderstanding搭配，且時態(tài)應(yīng)為過去時。因此備選項E項gained在語法和意義上與其搭配，意為：有更好的理解。SectionBAccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeveryaspectofourlife.【答案解析】題干大意為：根據(jù)古希臘哲學(xué)家，我們不可能理解生活的每一面。原文D段提到：Thereisalargerninlife.Youarenotreallygoingtobeabletounderstandallofthedimensionsofthisn（生活有個更大的規(guī)劃，你不可能真正了解這個規(guī)劃的所有方面），題干是對該句的同義轉(zhuǎn)換，故本題匹配D段。AncientPhilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleof【答案解析】題干大意為：古代哲學(xué)家看待生活跟現(xiàn)代人不同。根據(jù)原文B段最后一句：ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthattheytendedtoseelifeclearandwhole,inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetoday（好事是，希臘人的古代哲學(xué)總是以清晰、完整的思路看待生活，而我們當(dāng)代人并不這么看生活）。題干與本句意思相符，故本題對應(yīng)B段。NotallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulbecauseIhaveabusinessrelationshipwithanindividualandIcanprofitfromthatrelationship,itdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthisismyfriend（僅僅因為我跟有）所有的生意伙伴都能發(fā)展為真正的友誼，所以本題選F段。Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodern【答案解析】題干大意為：盡管現(xiàn)代社會充斥著各種，我們?nèi)匀豢梢赃^上和平的生活。原文開篇A段就對此提出問題：Isitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars,terrorism,economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases（個世界日益受到各種和不確定性的：、主義、經(jīng)濟和傳染病的蔓延性的爆發(fā)）。作者的回答是肯定的：Theanswerisyes。所以本題選A段?！敬鸢附馕觥扛鶕?jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息：Thedoerofagooddeed和concretebenefits可將答案定位至原文L段：Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyourgooddeed,attheveryleast,thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindofspirituallyenlightenedmoment（會享受到一種精神受到啟發(fā)的時刻），所以L段符合本題。Howtoachievementalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsideration【答案解析】根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息：mental，calmness，contentment和consider可將答案定位至原文H段：Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwellworthconsideringhereinthemodernera（這是很值得現(xiàn)代人考慮的事情）。接著作者認為我們沒有花足夠的時間去專注獲得一種安寧，一種心靈和精神的滿足感。所以本題與H段相匹配。MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesin【答案解析】根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵信息：MichaelSoupios，stop，think和priorities等詞，可將答案定位到原文C段最后一句：stopandreflectaboutthingslikeourpriorities,ourrelationshi題干的thinkcarefully對應(yīng)原文的reflect，故本題選C段。Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedo【答案解析】根據(jù)題干dogood可將答案定位到副標(biāo)題為Dogoodtoothers的段落。本題題干大意是：古代哲學(xué)家強烈建議我們行善事。在此部分的K段第一句提到：ancientwisdomurgesustodogood（古老智慧竭張我們行善事），很顯然，本題與K段相匹配。ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless,andareapplicabletocontemporarylife.活。由題干timeless可將答案定位到原文B段的第一句：ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless（古希臘哲學(xué)家的智慧是無限的），第二句：itisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwrittenmanycenturiesago（它在今天和在數(shù)世紀(jì)以前第一次寫出時一樣的中肯），所以本題匹配B段。Doharmtoothersandyoudoharmto【答案解析】本題題干大意為：傷人傷己。根據(jù)原文L段：whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing,youhurtyourself（當(dāng)你他人時，你也了自己）。題干的doharmto與原文的hurt同義，所以本題與J段匹配。SectionCPassageOne【正確答案】【答案解析】根據(jù)原文第一段首句：Attitudestowardnewoftenfallalonggenerationallines（對待新科技的態(tài)度往往沿著線而分），即不同的群體對待新科技的反應(yīng)不同，所以本題D項正確?！菊_答案】【答案解析】原文第二段提到：Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredstseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide（對待無人駕駛汽車的態(tài)度，似乎并沒有很明顯的劃分），這與A項表達完全相符，所以本題選A。【正確答案】Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydr