2021-2022年陜西省西安市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)

2021-2022年陜西省西安市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

ItispossibleforanearlywarningtoalertHawaiiabouttsunamisbecauseHawaii______.

2.

UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugeescannotprovidetheinternallydisplacedwithprotectionandassistanceunlessin______.

3.CreativeJustice

Throwingcriminalsinjailisanancientandwidespreadmethodofpunishment,butisitawiseone?Itdoesseemreasonabletokeepwrongdoersinaplacewheretheyfindfeweropportunitiestohurtinnocentpeople,andwheretheymightdiscoverthatcrimedoesn'tpay.Thesystemhaslongbeenconsideredfairandsoundbythosewhowanttoseetheguiltypunishedandsocietyprotected.Yetthevalueofthisform.ofjusticeisnowbeingquestionedbytheverymenwhohavetoapplyit:thejudges.Thereason,theysay,isthatprisondoesn'tdoanyoneanygood.

Doesitreallyhelpsociety,orthevictim,orthevictim'sfamily,toputinjailamanwho,whiledrunkatthewheelofhiscar,hasinjuredorkilledanotherperson?Itwouldbemorehelpfultomakethemanpayforhisvictim'smedicalbillsandcompensatehimforthebadexperience,thelossofworkingtime,andanyotherproblemsarisingfromtheaccident.Ifthevictimisdead,inmostcaseshisfamilycouldusesomefinancialassistance.

Theideaofcompensationisfarfromnew:someancientnationshadlawsdefiningverypreciselywhatshouldbepaidforeveryoffenseandinjury.InBabylon,around2700B.C.,athiefhadtogivebackfivetimesthevalueofthegoodshehadstolen;inRome,centurieslater,thievesonlypaiddouble."Goodsystem!"saymodernjudges,whoknowwhatbadeffectsaprisontermcanhaveonanonviolentfirstoffender.Ayoungthiefwhospendstimeinjailreceivesthereathorougheducationincrimefromhisfellowprisoners.Willinglyornot,hehastoassociatewithtoughcriminalswhowilldraghimintomoreseriousoffenses,moreprisonterms—alifeofrepeatedwrongdoingthatwillleaveatrailofvictimsandcostthecommunityagreatdealofmoney;foritisveryexpensivetoputamanontrialandkeephiminjail.

SuchconsiderationshavecausedanumberofEnglishandAmericanjudgestotryotherkindsofpunishmentfor"light"criminals,allunpleasantenoughtodiscouragetheoffendersfromrepeatingtheiroffenses,butsafeforthembecausetheyarenotexposedtodangerouscompany.Theypayfortheircrimebyhelpingtheirvictims,financiallyorotherwise,orbydoingunpaidlaborfortheircommunity;theymayhavetoworkforthepoororthementallyill,tocleanthestreetsoftheirtown,collectlittleorplanttrees,ortodosomeworkforwhichtheyarequalified.Orperhapstheytakeajobandrepaytheirvictimoutoftheirsalary.Thissortofpunishment,calledanalternativesentence,isappliedonlytononviolentcriminalswhoarenotlikelytobedangeroustothepublic,suchasforgers,shoplifters,anddriverswt,ohavecausedtrafficaccidents.Alternativesentencesareconsideredparticularlygoodforyoungoffenders.Thesentencedcriminalhastherighttorefusethenewtypeofpunishmentifheprefersaprisonterm.

Sincealternativesentencesarenotdefinedbylaw,itisuptothejudgestofindthepunishmentthatfitsthecrime.Theyhaveshownremarkableimaginationinapplyingwhattheycall"creativejustice."

Adentistconvictedofkillingamotorcyclistwhiledrivingdrunkhasbeencondemnedtofixtheteethofthepoorandtheelderlyathisownexpenseonedayaweekforafullyear.Anotherdrunkdriver(agenineteen)wasorderedtoworkintheemergencyroomofahospitalonceaweekforthreeyears,sothathecouldseeforhimselftheresultsofcarelessdriving.

Athiefwhohadstolensomeequipmentfromafarmerhadtoraiseapigandacalfforhisvictim.Aformercitytreasurer,guiltyofdishonestactions,wasputtoraisingmoneyfortheRedCross.

Agroupofteenagersweresentencedtofixtentimesthenumberofwindowsthattheyhadsmashed"justforfun"onewildevening.Graffitiartistshavebeenmadetoscrubwalls,benches,andother

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

ThispassagetellsthebreakthroughofHIVvaccineleavesus______.

5.

Agricultureaccountsforabout______percentoffreshwaterusedinman'slife.

6.

Lesssleepcangainusweight,becauseitraisesourleptin,whichtriggersustoeatmore.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Visitorsareallowedto______.

8.Byusingacheckcard,aconsumerreceivescreditaswellasamonthlybillwhenabuyingisdone.

9.WhatdoesthechairmanofVodafoneJohnBondthinkofbanks?

A.Theycanhardlygetprofitoutofsmallpayments.

B.Theymaydisappearinthenearfuturejustlikecash.

C.TheyhavegreatlychangedvillagelifeinAfrica.

D.Theyholdaprimaryroleinthemoney-transferbusiness.

10.

Thebivalvelineageswereforcedoutoftropicalregions.

A.YB.NC.NG

11.WhichyearisthefewestinviolationoffederalsmogstandardsinLosAngeles?

A.1976B.1979C.1990D.2004

12.

ToemphasizetheimportanceofthecompetitivenessofAmericanteenagers,theauthorquotestheresultsof______ofacademicachievement.

13.

BesurenottousebirthdatesoryourphonenumbersasyourPINbecausethey______.

14.

Ifthepainthasn'tbeguntodry,sandtherunoffandtouchupthespotwith______.

15.

Anytwonetworksinpiconetsisunlikelytobeonthesamefrequencysimultaneouslybecauseeachnetworkischangingits______thousandsoftimesasecond.

16.

Wearelivingonearthsharedthesurfacebetweenus;itwouldbejustover______acres.

17.

Dihydrogenmonoxideisaverydangerouschemical,whichisoftenusedasanindustrialsolvent.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Hypertensioncanbecausedbythenoiselowerthan65db.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

ThegrowingresistancetoAmericancultureinFranceresultsfromthefrustrationsoverIraqwarand______.

20.

Sofar,thereseemstobenosolutioninsightastohowthehydrogencanbestored.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B6】

22.聽力原文：Whatis"Americanfood"?Tomanypeople,Americanfoodmeanshamburgers,hotdogsandpizza.It'struethatAmericansdoeatthosethings.ButarethosetheonlykindoffoodyoucanfindinAmerica?

ExceptforThanksgivingturkey,it'shardtofindatypically"American"food.TheUnitedStatesisalandofimmigrants.WhenpeoplemovetoAmerica,theybringtheircookingstyleswiththem.That'swhyyoucanfindalmosteverykindofethnicfoodinAmerica.(33)Insomecases,Americanshaveadoptedfoodsfromothercountriesasfavorites,buttheAmericanversiondoesn'ttastequiteliketheoriginal!

Aswithanylargecountry,theU.S.Ahasseveraldistinctregions.Eachregionboastsitsownspecialstyle.offood.VisittheSouthandenjoycountry-style.cooking.(34)TakeatriptoNewEnglandandsampledelicateseafooddishes.TravelthroughtheMidwest,"thebreadbasketofthenation,"fordeliciousbakedgoods.

Americanslivingatafastpaceoftenjust"grabaquickbite.'Fastfoodrestaurantsofferpeopleontheruneverythingfromfriedchickentofriedrice.Microwavedinnersandinstantfoodsmakecookingathomeasnap.Ofcourse,oneofthemostcommonquickAmericanmealsisasandwich.Ifitcanfitbetweentwoslicesofbread,(35)Americansprobablymakeasandwichoutofit.Peanutbutterandjellyisanall-timeAmericanfavorite.

Americansrepresentawiderangeofbackgrounds.ThevarietyoffoodsintheU.S.reflectsthediversityofpersonaltastes.

(30)

A.Theytastethesameastheoriginal.

B.Theytastebetterthantheoriginal.

C.They'relesstypicalthantheoriginal

D.They'regreatindiversity.

23.(26)

A.GotoseeCirqueduSoleilintown.

B.Goshopping.

C.Gotomeetthemagician.

D.GotoseeCirqueduSoleilwiththewoman.

24.聽力原文：W:Goodmorning!UniversityLanguageCentre.HowcanIhelpyou?

M:I'minterestedindoingalanguagecourse.IdidMandarinChineselastyearandnowI'dliketodoJapanese.Canyougivemesomeinformationaboutwhatcoursesareavailableatyourcentreandwhentheystart?Thatsortofthing.

W:Yes,certainly.Well,weactuallyofferanumberofcoursesinJapaneseatdifferentlevels.Areyoulookingforfulltimeorparttime?

M:Oh!Icouldn'tmanagefulltimeasIworkeverydaybuteveningswouldbefineandcertainlypreferabletoweekends.

W:Well,wedon'toffercoursesatweekendsanyway,butletmerunthroughyouroptions.Wehavea12-weekintensivecoursethreehoursthreenightsaweek—that'sourcrashcourse!Oraneight-monthcoursetwonightsaweek.

M:IthinkthecrashcoursewouldsuitmebestasI'llbeleavingforJapaninsixmonths'time.

W:Areyouabeginner?

M:Notanabsolutebeginner,no!

W:Well...weofferthecoursesatthreelevels,beginners,lowerintermediateandupperintermediate,thoughwedon'trunthemall.Itdependsverymuchondemand.

M:I'dprobablybeatthelowerintermediatelevel—asIdidsomeJapaneseatschoolbutthatwasagesago.

W:Right,wellthenextLevelTwocoursebeginsonMonday12thSeptember—therearestillsomeplacesonthatone—otherwiseyou'dhavetowaituntilJanuaryorMarch.

M:No—I'dpreferthenextcourse.

W:Right!CanIgetsomedetailsfromyouthensoIcansendyousomeinformation?

M:Sure!

W:What'syourname?Familynamefirst.

M:Hagerty.Richard.

W:H-A-G-A-R-T-Y?

M:No,H-A-G-E-R-T-Y.

W:Oh,OK!Andyouremailaddress,Richard?

M:It'sRicky45—that'sonewordR-I-C-K-Y45,athotmaildotcom.

W:AndIjustneedsomeotherinformationforourstatistics.Thishelpsusofferthebestpossiblecoursesanddrawupaprofileofourstudents.

M:Fine!

W:What'syourdateofbirth?

M:Iwasbornon29thFebruary1980.

W:1980.Andjustoneortwootherquestionsforourmarketresearch,ifyoudon'tmind.

M:No,that'sfine.

W:WhatareyourmainreasonsforstudyingJapanese?Business,travelorgeneralinterest?

M:Mycompany'ssendingmetoJapanfortwoyears.

W:Alright—I'llputdown"Business".Anddoyouhaveanyspecificneeds?Willtherebeanemphasisonwrittenlanguage?Forinstance,willyouneedtoknowhowtowritebusinessletters,thatsortofthing?

M:No.ButIwillneedtobeabletocommunicatewithpeopleonaclay-to-daybasis.

W:OK,soI'llputdown"conversation".Thankyouverymuchforyourcooperation.

(23)

A.AdaytimeMandarinChinesecourse.

B.AneveningJapanesecourse.

C.AweekendEnglishcourse.

D.AfulltimeJapanesecourse.

25.(44)

26.

【B7】

27.聽力原文：M:Tom'svoicesoundsawful.Icouldbarelyhearhim.

F:Yes,he'sgotaterriblesorethroat.Thedoctorsaidheshouldn'tevenattempttowhisper.

Q:WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutTom?

(14)

A.Tomisadvisednottotalkmuch.

B.Tomisn'tgoodatsinging.

C.Tomjusthadasurgeryonhisthroat.

D.Tomisencouragedbyhisdoctortospeakmore.

28.

【B8】

29.聽力原文：Thesoundofbirdscanbedividedinto3typesincludingsinging,cryingandvoiceimitating.Singingisnormallyacontinuousmulti-syllablemelodyutteredbythebirdsunderthecontrolofsexhormone.Somesortsofsingingarequitemelodiousandpleasant.Duringthebreedingcycle,thechangingandpleasantcriesutteredbymalebirdsaretypicalsingings.Singingisanimportantwayforabirdtodefenditsterritories,topronounceithasoccupiedaplaceandtowarnotherbirdsnottoenterthearea.Thesongsutteredbybirdsinsingingaremoredifferentandcomplicatedthantheircommoncries,whichmainlyhappeninthebreedingcycleinspringandsummer.Criesarenotcontrolledbysexhormoneandcanbeutteredbybothmaleandfemalebirds.Usuallycriesofbirdsareshortandsimple.Butthecriesofbirdscanmeanalot.Theyareusedtocommunicatewithoneanotherandtoinform.oneanotheraboutdangerousinformation.Thecriesofbirdscanexpresscalling,warning,surprisingandthreatening.Sometimesitisverydifficulttodistinguishcryingandsinging.Generallyspeaking,criesarenotaffectedbythechangeofseasonsandcanbeutteredbyallbirds;Cryingisanimportantwayforbirdstocommunicatewithoneanother.Voiceimitatingmeansabirdisimitatingthecryingorvoiceofotherbirds.Thebiologicalmeaningofvoiceimitatingisnotclearevennowanditishighlyprobablethatitwilltakealongtimeforpeopletodiscoverthemystery.

(33)

A.Singling,echoingandcrying.

B.Singing,echoingandvoiceimitating.

C.Echoing,cryingandvoiceimitating.

D.Singing,cryingandvoiceimitating.

30.(31)

A.ATV,arefrigerator,twolampsandarecorder.

B.ATV,arefrigerator,alampandawashmachine.

C.ATV,aheater,alampandahairdryer.

D.ATV,ahealer,twolampsandahairdryer.

31.

【B3】

32.(29)

A.TheIndependent.

B.TheFinancialTimes.

C.TheDailyMirror.

D.TheDailyTelegraph.

33.(22)

A.Ahugebudget.

B.Placestopracticetheirskills.

C.Chancesofsuccess.

D.Abigchallenge.

34.(25)

A.Itallowsthemtomeetstudentsfromotheruniversities.

B.Itpromotestheconceptofself-learning.

C.Itallowsmoreflexibilityinstudents'schedules.

D.Itdoesn'trequireanyexaminations.

35.聽力原文：Today,airtravelisfarsaferthandrivingacaronabusymotorway.Butthereisadangerthatgrowseveryyear.

Fromthemomentanairplanetakesofftothemomentitlands,everymovementiswatchedonradarscreens.Air-trafficcontrollerstellthepilotexactlywhentoturn,whentoclimbandwhentocomedown.Theair-trafficcontrollersaroundabusyairportmayhandle1,000planesaday.Anyplanethatfliesneartheairportcomesundertheordersofthecontrollersthere.Evenasmallmistakeontheirpartcouldcausedisaster.

Recently,suchadisasteralmosthappened.Twolargejetswereflyingtowardstheairport.Onewascarrying69passengersandhadcomefromToronto.Theotherwascarrying76passengersfromChicago.Anair-trafficcontrollernoticedonhisradarscreenthatthetwoplanesweretooclosetoeachother.Heorderedonetoturntotherightandtoclimb.Buthemadeamistake.Heorderedthewrongplanetodothis.So,insteadofturningawayfromthesecondplane,thefirstplaneturnedtowardsit.Fifteensecondslater,itflewdirectlyinfrontofthesecondplane.Theyavoidedeachotherbythesmallestpartofasecond.distancebetweenthemwaslessthanthatofalargeswimming.pool.Thisisanexampleofthedangerthatgrowseveryyear．

(30)

A.Crowdedairtraffic.

B.Thelargesizeofairplanes.

C.Mistakesbyairtrafficcontrollers.

D.Badweather.

36.(24)

A.BusinessEnglish.B.USCulture.C.TOEFL.D.Computer.

37.聽力原文：M:It'slikeanovenhere.Youmustberoasting.CanIopenawindowandgetsomefreshairin?

W:Actually,I'mjustfinewithit.Butjustgoahead,ifyoulike.

Q:Howdoesthemanthinkofstayingintheroom?

(14)

A.Hefeelshot.

B.Hefeelscomfortable.

C.Hefeelscold.

D.Hefeelscrowded.

38.(21)

A.Thecompanywillcompensatethecustomer.

B.Thecompanywillrefundthecustomer'smoney.

C.Thecompanywillreplaceit.

D.Thecompanywilldonothingaboutit.

39.聽力原文：M:Doyoulikethisbook?I'veheardthatthenewspapergaveitaterriblereview?

W:Itdependsonwhichnewspaperyouread.

Q:Whatdocsthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Youshouldbelieveeverythingyouread.

B.Shethinksthebookisexcellent.

C.Shewonderswhichnewspaperhereads.

D.Reactiontothebookhasbeenvaried.

40.聽力原文：EvenatschooltherehadbeenanunhealthycompetitionbetweenGeorgeandRichard.

"I'llbethefirstmillionaireinColeford!"Richardusedtoboast.

"Andyou'llbesorryyouknewme,"Georgewouldreply,"becauseI'llbethebestlawyerinthetown!"

GeorgeneverdidbecomealawyerandRichardnevermadeanymoney.InsteadbothmenopenedbookshopsonoppositesidesofColefordHighStreet.Itwashardtomakemoneyfrombooks,whichmadethecompetitionbetweenthemworse.

ThenRichardmarriedamysteriousgirl.Thecouplespenttheirhoneymoononthecoast—butRichardnevercameback.Thepolicefoundhiswalletonadesertedbeachbutthebodywasneverfound.Hemusthavedrowned.

Nowwithonlyonebookshopintown,businesswasbetterforGeorge.Butsometimeshesatinhisnarrow,oldkitchenandgazedoutofthedirtywindow,thinkingabouthisformerrival.Perhapshemissedhim?

Georgewasveryinterestedinolddictionaries.He'drecentlyfoundacollectorinAustraliawhowassellingararefirstedition.Whentheparcelarrived,thebookwasinperfectconditionandGeorgewasdelighted.Butwhilehewashavinglunch,Georgeglancedatthephotointhenewspaperthatthebookhadbeenwrappedin.Hewasastonished—thesmilingfacewasolderthanherememberedbutunmistakable!Trembling,Georgestartedreading.

"BookendshaveboughttenbookstoresfromtheirrivalsDylans.Thecompany,ownedbymultimillionaireRichardPike,isnowthelargestbooksellerinAustralia."

Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

26.WhatdowelearnaboutGeorgeandRichardwhentheywereatschool?

27.HowdidGeorgefeelaboutRichardafterhisdisappearance?

28.WheredidGeorgegetinformationaboutRichard?

29.WhathappenedtoGeorgeandRichardintheend?

(33)

A.Theywereroommates.

B.Theyweregoodfriends.

C.Theywerecompetitors.

D.Theywerebooksellers.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Tostrengthenmoralinstruction,parentsshouldfixintotheirchildren'smindasenseof

42.

【C9】

43.【S7】

44.Ditlowsuggestsmakingthecodeinformationoftheelectronickeysreadilyaccessibleunderthesupervisionof______.

45.

Theauthor'sattitudetowardsdivorcemaybestbedescribedas"______".

A.criticalB.impersonalC.arbitraryD.scornful

46.(60)

47.

Whichofthefollowingbelongsto"interveningobstacles"?

A.Severefamine.

B.Personalfactors.

C.Presenceoffellowcountrymen.

D.Findingasuitablejob.

48.

Studieshaveindicatedthatthelonelinessafreshmanwillsuffercanbepredictedby______.

49.Fromtheendingpartofthepassage,wecanconcludethat______.

A.Barbierowillwinthelawsuit

B.Dr.SheldonPollackwillwinthelawsuit

C.thecaseshavebeendismissed

D.governingbodiestomonitordoctorwillbecharged

50.

TheauthorinthepassageusesthefollowingdevicesinhiswritingEXCEPT______.

A.questionsB.narrativeC.analogyD.comment

51.

Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Dressingforeffect.

B.Managerialpositionsandclothing.

C.Howtodressappropriately.

D.Dressingfortheoccasion.

52.Whatissportsviolence?Thedistinctionbetweenunacceptableviciousnessandagame'snormalrough-and-tumble(混戰(zhàn))isimpossibletomake,orsotheargumentruns:Thispositionmayappealtoourinclinationforlegalism,butthetruthismostofusknowquitewellwhenanactofneedlesssavageryhasbeencommitted,andsportsarelittledifferentfromcountlessotheractivitiesoflife.Thedistinctionisasapparentasthatbetweenadeliberatelyaimedblowandthearmhailingofanathletelosinghisbalance.Whenaplayerbailshishandintoafist,whenhedriveshishelmetintoanunsuspectingopponentinshorts,whenhecrossestheboundarybetweenplayinghardandplayingtohurthecanonlyintendanactofviolence.

Admittedly,roughactsinsportsaredifficulttopolice.Buthere,too,wefindreflectedtheconditionsofeverydaylife.Ambiguitiesinthelaw,confusionatthescene,andthereluctanceofwitnessescloudalmostanyroutineassaultcase.Suchuncertainties,however,havenotpreventedsocietyfromarrestingpeoplewhostriketheirfellowcitizensonthestreet.

Perhapsourtroublesstemnotfromthegamesweplaybutratherfromhowweplaythem.The1979meetingbetweenhockey(曲棍球)starsfromtheSovietUnionandtheNationalHockeyLeagueprovidedadirecttestoftwoapproachestosport—theemphasisonskill,grace,andfinesse(技巧)bytheRussiansandthestressonbrutalityandviolencebytheNHL.Inastartlingupset,theRussiansembarrassedtheirrough-playingopponentsandexplodedalong-standingmyth:thatsuccessincertainsportsrequiresexcessiveviolence.

Violenceapologistscitetwoadditionalarguments:First,theysay,sportsalwayshavebeenrough;todaythingsarenodifferent.ButargumentsinAmerica'sOldWestWeresettled,onMainStreetwithsix-guns,andearlycave-dwellerschosetheirwomenwithaclub.Civilizinginfluencesendedthosepractices;yetwearetoldsportsviolenceshouldbetolerated.Thesecondcontentionisthatathletesacceptriskaspartofthegame,and,inthecaseofprofessionals,are

paidhandsomelytodoso.Butcananyoneseriouslyarguethatbeinganathleteshouldrequiretheacceptanceofunnecessaryphysicalabuse?And,exaggeratedasitmayseem,thepayofprofessionalathletespresumablyreflectstheirabilities,notapaymentagainstcombatinjuries.

"Clearlyweareindeeptrouble,"saysperplexedformerfootballplayerALDeRogatis."Buthowandwhyhasitgottensobad?"

Accordingtotheauthor,thedistinctionbetweenviolentactsandnon-violentonesinsportsis______.

A.impossibletomake

B.notveryclearinanycircumstances

C.tooobvioustoescapeobservation

D.notverydifficulttomakeifenoughattentionispaidto

53.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Theveryword"perfume"hasfemininemeaningtomanymaleears.Mencanbesold"deodorant(除臭劑)",buttheideaofallthoselittlebottleswiththeirfussyparaphernalia(隨身用具)istoomuchforthesensitivemaleego.Yetnoindustrycanaffordtoneglecthalfitspotentialmarket,andperfume-makersareeverkeentocracktheshellofmalesilence.Nowtheymayknowhowtodoso.

CraigRobertsoftheUniversityofLiverpoolandhiscolleagues--workingwithateamfromUnilever'sresearchlaboratoryatnearbyPortSunlight--havebeeninvestigatingtheproblem.Theyalreadyknewthatappropriatescentscanimprovethemoodofthosewhowearthem.Whattheydiscovered,though,astheywilldescribeinaforthcomingeditionoftheInternationalJournalofCosmeticScience,isthatwhenamanchangeshisnaturalbodyodoritcanalterhisself-confidencetosuchanextentthatitalsochangeshowattractivewomenfindhim.

HalfofDrRoberts'svolunteersweregivenanaerosolspray(煙霧噴劑)containingacommercialformulationoffragrance.Theotherhalfweregivenasprayidenticalinappearancebutlackingactiveingredients.Thestudywasarrangedsothattheresearchersdidnotknowwhohadreceivedthescentandwhothefake.Eachparticipantobviouslyknewwhathewassprayingonhimself,sincehecouldsmellit.Butsincenoonewastoldthetruepurposeoftheexperiment,thosewhogotthefakedidnotrealizetheywerebeingmatchedagainstpeoplewithaproperlysmellyaerosol.

Overthecourseofseveraldays,DrRoberts'steamconductedseveralpsychologicaltestsonbothgroupsofvolunteers.Theyfoundthatthosewhohadbeengiventhecommercialfragranceshowedanincreaseinself-confidence.Notthatsurprising,perhaps.Whatwassurprisingwasthattheirself-confidenceimprovedtosuchanextentthatwomenwhocouldwatchthembutnotsmellthemnoticed.Thewomeninquestionwereshownshort,silentvideosofthevolunteers.Theydeemedthemenwearingthedeodorantmoreattractive.Theywere,however,unabletodistinguishbetweenthegroupswhenshownonlystillphotographsofthemen,suggestingitwasthemen'smovementandbearing,ratherthantheirphysicalappearance,thatwasmakingthedifference.

ForUnileverandothermanufacturersofmen'sscent,thisisanimportantdiscovery.Thefirm'smarketingofits,mainproductinthisarea,adeodorantcalledLynx,playsuptheso-called"LynxEffect"--whichissupposedtomakemenirresistiblyattractivetowomen.DrRoberts'sexperiment,however,suggeststhattheadvertised"Bornchickawahwah"oftheproductmayhavenothingtodowithawoman'sappreciationofthesmell,andeverythingtodowithitspsychologicaleffectonthemanwearingit.

Whyarethelittlebottleswithfussyparaphernaliatoomuchforthesensitivemale?

A.Becauseitisofmuchtroubletocarrysuchbottles.

B.Becausesuchbottlessomewhatbearfemininemeaning.

C.Becauseitisfairlyenoughforthemtotakedeodorant.

D.Becauseperfume-makers'neglectofthemhasangeredthem.

54.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaybethepossiblecarriersofbirdflu?

55.

Thedevelopmentdiscussedinthepassageisprimarilyaproblemof______philosophy.

56.

Man'sattitudetowardscientificdiscoverieshasalwaysbeen______.

A.suspiciousB.undoubtingC.cynicalD.critical

57.

【C6】

58.

WhichisNOTtrueaboutAmerican'sindalism?

A.Itisaltruistic.

B.Americansbelievedthattheyshouldbringfreedomanddemocracytotheunfortunatepeople.

C.ItreflectsAmerican'sdeep-rootedracism.

D.Amercansbelievedthattheirsystemwoulddobenefitstoothers.

59.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Inthecollege-admissionswars,weparentsarethetruefighters.We'repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATprepcoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeofourfirstchoice.Wesayourmotivesareselflessandsensible.AdegreefromStanfordorPrincetonistheticketforlife.IfAaronandNicoledon'tgetin,they'reforeverdoomed.

I'vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.It'sone-upmanship(能超越別人的本事)amongparents.Weseeourkids'collegepedigrees(門第,出身)astrophiesattestingtohowwell—orhowpoorly—we'veraisedthem.Butwecan'tacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.

It'struethatgettingintocollegehasgenerallybecometougherbecausethenumberofhigh-schoolgraduateshasgrown.Wehaveafull-blownprestigepanic;weworrythattherewon'tbeenoughtrophiestogoaround.Fearfulparentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.

Underlyingthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthat'splausible—andmostlywrong.Selective