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2022-2023年山西省忻州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________
一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Visawillintroduceanew"waveandpay"cardinLondonforpurchases______.
A.under$25B.under£10C.abroadD.intraveling
2.
DifferentversionsofAdhcan______toafruitfly'ssurvival.
3.
Accordingtothepassage,theonlyform.ofInternethoaxesise-mailhoax.
A.YB.NC.NG
4.
Thewriterproposestousethesamerateforalltypesofmaterialandforallreadingpurposes.
A.YB.NC.NG
5.
100caloriesinacanofsodaequalsto______.
A.200,000regularcalories
B.200kilocalories
C.100kilocalories
D.4,184joules
6.Thosepeoplewhohavesetupcorrectgoalswillalwaysbehappy.
7.
Contaminatedtoothbrusheshavebeenalreadyshowntotransmitvirusesandbacteria.
A.YB.NC.NG
8.
MostAmericanswouldpreferanorganizationalsysteminwhichtheyareresponsiblefor______.
9.
MorethanhalfofAmericansnowusetheInternet.
A.YB.NC.NG
10.
Someattractiveruralregionsnotfarfromthecitiesarewitnessingacertain______,asmoreandmorechildlessseniorsmovetowardscities.
11.TheMagicofMemory
—ByLaurenceCherry
Ourmemoriesareprobablyourmostcherishedpossessions.Morethananythingelseweown,theybelonguniquelytous,definingourpersonalitiesandourviewsoftheworld.Eachofuscansummonthousandsofmemoriesatwill:ourfirstdayatschool,afavoritefamilypet,asummerhouseweloved.Andyetthemarvelofmemorycontinuestobeatantalizing(挑逗性的)mystery.Nevertheless,withinthepastfewyearsgreatadvanceshavebeenmadeinunderstandingwhatmemoryis,howitworks,andhowitmaypossiblybeimproved."We'restandingatthebrinkofawholenewerainmemoryresearch,"saysDr.StevenFerris,apsychologistattheMillhauserGeriatric(老年醫(yī)學(xué)的)Clinic."Forthefirsttime,there'sageneralfeelingthatwe'rereallyontherighttrack."
Foryears,theprevailingtheorywasthatrememberingwassomehowconnectedtoelectricalactivityinsidethebrain.Butwithinthepastdecade,it'sbecomeclearthatchemicalchangesmustalsobeinvolved,otherwiseourmemoriescouldneversurvivedeep-freeze,coma,anesthesia(麻醉)andothereventsthatradicallydisruptthebrain'selectricalactivity.Ingeniousresearchoverthepastfewyearshasdemonstratedthatbiochemicalchangesdoindeedaccompanylearningandremembering.Inonedramaticexperiment,mice,whousuallypreferthesafetyofdarkness,weretaughttofearthedarkandwerethenkilled.Extractsoftheirbrainswereinjectedintountrainedmice,andtheythenbegantoshunthedark.Otherexperimentershaveshownthattheamountsofcertainchemicals,suchasRNA(核糖核酸),radicallyincreasewithlearning,asdotheamountsofcertainneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)傳遞素)—chemicalsreleasedbybraincellsthathelpconductnerveimpulsesfromonebraincelltoanother.Memory,then,isalsochemicalinnature,althoughexactlyinwhatwayremainsamystery.
Almostallmemoryresearchersnowagreethatourbrainsrecord—andonsomelevelremember—everythingthateverhappenstous.Manypeoplewho'venarrowlyescapedsuddendeath,suchassoldiersandmountainclimbers,havereportedthatinthefewsecondsthatseemedlefttothemastreamoflong-lostmemoriesflashedbeforethem.ThefirstexperimentalconfirmationthatthebraindoesrecordeveryexperienceinthisminutewaycamesomeyearsagofromDr.WilderPenfieldoftheMontrealNeurologicalInstitute.Hehopedtocureepileptics(癲癇病人)bystimulatingapartoftheirbrainscalledthetemporalcortex(腦的顳皮層)withamildelectriccurrent.Becausethebrainisimmunetopain,Penfieldwasabletooperatewithhispatientsfullyawake.Tohisastonishment,simplybytouchingthebrainsofsomepatientswiththetipofhiswire-thinelectrode(電極)hewasabletoevokeastonishinglypreciseandvividmemories."Iseeaguycomingthroughthefenceatthebaseballgame,"exclaimedonepatient,wheneverPenfieldtouchedtheupperpartofhislefttemporallobe(腦葉)."It'sthemiddleofthegame,andI'mbacktherewatchinghim)"Anotherwomanreportedbeingbackataconcertshehadonceattendedandcouldevenhumalongwiththeorchestrawheneverherbrainwasstimulated.
Investigatorsusinghypnosis(催眠術(shù))havebeenasastonishedasPenfieldattheamazingcapacityofourmemories.Onceinatrance(昏睡),goodhypnoticsubjectscanreportdetailedrecollectionsofeventsthattookplacedays,months,evendecadesago—which,whencheckedagainstoldrecordsanddiaries,turnouttobeaccurate."Everything,absolutelyeverything,isremembered,"saysonehypnotist.
Evensenilepatients,whocanhardlyrememberrecenteventsatall,retaintheabilitytoremembernewexperiences,butonlyver
A.YB.NC.NG
12.
Overall,about_______%oftheproblem-behavior.preventionprogrammesgeneratedsatisfyingresults.
13.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.
14.
Theparentsurgehighschoolteacherstodevelopmorelenientgradingsystemsbecausetheythinkitwill______.
A.enhancethechildren'sself-esteem
B.helpthechildrenwiththeacademicperformance
C.plummetthechildren'sself-esteem
D.makethechildrenmorecompetent
15.
Whenstudentsfirstbecomeawareofthefactthattheyaresubvocalizing,theyoftentrytostopitbysheer______.
16.
Notpreventingaproductfrombeingcopiedmakesatrademarkdifferfroma______.
17.DavidVaughan'sgroupfoundthatmostoftheglaciersalongthePeninsulawereinretreat.
18.
ThesuccessofEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareliesontheirabilityto______ratherthanmerecreativecapacity.
19.
Marketsdonotnecessarilytotallyonthepriceofdemandedgoods.
A.YB.NC.NG
20.
WhichofthefollowinggraphmostaccuratelydescribesCanadiancodcatchesfrom1950to19927______.
A.
B.
C.
D.
二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.
【B6】
22.(31)
A.Howtobuyorsellshares.
B.Basicknowledgeofstockmarket.
C.Thestockmarketislikegambling.
D.Investingmoneyinthestockmarketisnotthesafestway.
23.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
聽力原文:ThesilenceoftheReferenceLibrarywasbrokenonlybyanoccasionalcoughandnowandthenbythescarcelyaudiblesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.Therewereabouttwentypeopleintheroom,mostofthemwiththeirheadsbentovertheirbooks.Theassistantlibrarianwhowasinchargeoftheroomsatatadeskinonecomer.SheglancedatPhilipashecamein,andthenwentonwithherwork.
Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.Hewalkedaroundtheroomalmostontiptoe,afraidofdisturbingtheindustriousreaderswithhisheavyshoes.Theshelveswerefilledwiththickvolumes:dictionariesinanylanguages,encyclopedias,atlases,biographiesandotherworksofreference.Hefoundnothingthatwaslikelytointeresthimuntilhecametoasmallshelfoutofhisreach,sohehadtofetchasmallladderinordertogetonedown.Unfortunately,ashewasclimbingdowntheladder,thebookhehadchosenslippedfromhisgraspandfelltothefloorwithaloudcrash.Twentypairsofeyeslookedupathimsimultaneously,annoyedbyhisunaccustomeddisturbance.Philipfelthimselfgoredashepickeduphisbook,whichdidnotseemtohavebeendamagedbyitsfall.
Hehadjustsatdownwhenhefoundtheyoungladyassistantstandingalongsidehim."Youmustbemorecarefulwhenyouarehandlingthesebooks."shesaidseverely.Satisfiedthatshehaddoneherduty,sheturnedtogobacktoherdesk.Thenasuddenthoughtstruckher."Bytheway,howoldareyou?'sheaskedPhilip."Thirteen."Hetoldher."Youarenotallowedinhereifyou'reundertheageoffourteen,youknow,"theassistantsaid."Didn'tyouseethenoticeonthedoor?"Philipshookhishead.Heexpectedtheassistanttoaskhimtoleave.Instead,inamorekindlytone,shesaid,"Well,nevermind.Butmakesurethatyoudon'tdisturbtheotherreadersagain,otherwiseIshallhavetoaskyoutoleave."
(27)
A.Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.
B.Itwasveryquietinthelibrary.
C.Philipfellofftheladderandmadealoudnoise.
D.Thelibrarianwasverykindtoreaders.
24.聽力原文:W:Wehaveawideselectionofcolorfilms.Whatexactlydoyouhaveinmind?
M:IwouldlikeonethatmadeinJapan.
Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?
(16)
A.Inabookstore.
B.Atthecamerashop.
C.Inahospital.
D.Atajewelrystore.
25.聽力原文:W:Hi,John!
M:Hi,Beth!
W:Congratulations!Iheardyou'vegotapart-timejob.
M:No.IwishIhad.I'mstillonthewaitinglist.
W:Seemslikeit'shardtogetagoodpart-timejobthesedays.
M:Youbet.I'vebeensearchingonlinefordays,butthere'slittlechance...
W:Funny,isn'tit?You'reaManagementmajorconcentratingonMarketing.Nowyou'vegottolearnhowtomarketyourself!Whynotlookinthelocalpaper?There'reoftenlotsofjobsinit.
M:Areyoukidding?Theunemploymentfiguresareupagainthismonth!
W:Don'tbesonegative.Lookatthejobsintheclassifiedsintoday'spaper...somanyopenings.Justprintoutyourresumeandsendittothem.
M:Iusuallyapplyonline.Isendashortcoverletterinthetextoftheemail,andthenattachmyresume.It'sconvenient.Whataboutyou?Anyluck?
W:Well,Ihaven'tevenstartedplanningtolookforajobyet.IfonlyIhadmoretime,Icoulddoit.
M:Whysobusy?
W:Well,Ididn'tgetgoodgradeslastsemesterandfailedtwotests...
M:Sorrytohearthat.Ithinknoonedeservesgoodgradesmorethanyou!
W:Thank.you.Themainreason,Iguess,wasthatIdidn'tgetaccustomedtothewayoflearninghere.Well,wherethere'sawill,there'saway.Iwishyougoodluckonyourjobsearch.
(20)
A.Hehasgotapart-timejob.
B.Heisstillonthewaitinglist.
C.Hehasnotyetstartedtolookforajob.
D.Heisplanningtolookforajob.
26.聽力原文:M:Well,(22)today'spersonalityguestisSallyGladwin.Sally'sonlysixteenyearsold.Well,it'saratherincrediblesuccessstory,isn'tit,Sally?
W:Itis,yes,really.
M:Yousee,Sallyinventsgames,butvideogames,andshe'saverysuccessfulinventorindeed.Canyougiveusanideaofhowmuchyoudoearn?
W:Well,Igetabasicsalaryof17,000poundsayear,andthecompanypaysmebonusesofabout1,500poundsamonth.
M:Whatdoyouspendallthatmoneyon?
W:Well,Ihaven'tgotexpensivehabits,andIpaymymother20poundsaweekfor,youknow,tohelpwiththehousekeeping.Ithinkithelpsbecausemydaddoesn'tearnallthatmuchmoney.
M:Yourdad'sabusdriver,infact,isn'the?
W:Yes,onthecitybuses,onroute36usually.
M:Andwhatdoeshethinkofallthis?
W:Well,atfirstwhenIstartedtoplaythesegamesintheamusementplaces,(23)he'dsay,"Comeon,you'rewastingyourmoneyandyourtime".
M:Didhegiveyoupocketmoneytoplayonthem,maybe?
W:Yes,atonetime,Iearned8poundsaweeksothatwayIWasabletopayformyself.
M:Andnowwhatdoesyourfatherthink?
W:(23)Actuallyhe'sgotmixedfeelings.Imean,fromthem.Hesimplycan'tbelieveit.
M:(24)Thecomputerwilldisappearinthefuture?
W:Oh,no,(24)they'reheretostay.
(23)
A.Inastudio.
B.Inastore.
C.Atthefashionshow.
D.Atthepark.
27.(24)
A.Gender.B.Ability.C.Experience.D.Age.
28.(38)
29.(29)
A.Theyarelesslikelytorunaway.
B.It'seasierfortheirmasterstotrainthem.
C.Theyarelesslikelytobeshywithhumanbeings.
D.It'seasierforthemtoform.arelationshipwiththeirmasters.
30.
【B7】
31.聽力原文:W:Hi,Jack,IheardthatyouwerestudyinglawinBritain.Canyoutellmehowtheclassesarearrangedthere?
M:Sure.Basically,ourclassesaremadeupoftwomajorparts:lecturesandseminars.ThelecturesarejustlikethegeneralclassesinChina.
W:Youmean,teachersgivepresentations,andstudentslisten?
M:Yeah.Butthestudentsarefreertoaskquestions.Theclassroomatmosphereiswarmertoo.
W:Ok.Howabouttheseminars?
M:Intheseminars,studentsareencouragedtodosomecasestudy.Inthecasestudy,studentsareencouragedtosharetheirviewswiththeclassmates.Studentsneedtomakefullpreparation.Theyneednotonlytostudyrelevantlaws,butalsotoreadrelevantcasestobenefittheclass.
W:Butwhatdoprofessorsdointheseminar?
M:Professorsareonlyorganizersofit.Theydon’texpresstheirideas.
W:Doeseveryonehaveachancetoexpresshisideaintheseminar?
M:Yes,sinceourclassisverysmall.Generally,thereareonly8to10studentsinoneclass.
W:Oh,thatisaverysmallclass.Howaboutthelecture?Howmanystudentsarethereinoneclass?
M:Thelectureclassismuchbigger.Sometimes,therecanbemorethanonehundredofusinoneclass.
W:Isee.
(23)
A.Thesizeisverysmall
B.Professorsdothepresentationinlectureclasses.
C.Studentscan'taskquestions.
D.Studentsshouldbeveryactiveinlectureclasses.
32.
【B3】
33.SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.
聽力原文:Anunusualform.oflegalsystemprevailedinEskimosocietiesintheharshArcticregions.Eskimosocietieswereorganizedintolocalgroupsthatlackedanyrealform.ofgovernment,althoughtheyhadaheadmanwholedthegroup.Theheadmanhadnolegalorjudicialauthority,andtherewereveryfewlawsinthesecultures.TheEskimosalsorecognizedfewcrimesagainstpropertybecausepeopledidnotownland.Thecustomoffreelyborrowinggoodsfromeachotheralsodiscouragedstealing.
Inthepast,certainEskimoculturespermittedsomeformsofhomicide,includingthekillingofsicklyinfants,senileorsicklyelderlypersons,andinvalids.Theseactionswereapprovedsothatthesociety'sresourcescouldbeusedtosupportthehealthy.Accesstomoderntransportationandmedicinehasgreatlychangedthissituation.
IntheEskimos'cultures,wifestealingwasnotacrime,anditwasusuallycommittedbyamanwhosoughttooutranksociallythemanwhosewifewasstolen.Legaldisputes,suchaswifestealing,weresettledbythemurderoftheoffender(andtheriskofapossiblefeudwiththeoffender'srelatives)orbyasongcontestduringwhicheachpartyinsultedtheother.Thewinnerisdeterminedbywhoeverreceivedthemostapplause.
(27)
A.Becauseaheadmanhadnolegalauthority.
B.Becausepeopledidn'townland.
C.Becausetherewerenostrictlawsagainsthomicide.
D.Becausetherewerelimitedresources.
34.(13)
A.Thewomanoftencomestoseetheman.
B.Lindaoftentakescareofthewoman.
C.ThewomanwantstohelpLinda.
D.ThewomanisLinda'steacher.
35.(28)
A.Theysmiletocoverembarrassment.
B.Itisanunusualandevensuspiciousbehavior.
C.Theysmiletoshowpoliteness.
D.Itisanexpressionofpleasure.
36.聽力原文:Toooftenyoungpeoplegetthemselvesemployedquitebyaccident,notknowingwhatliesinthewayofopportunityforpromotion,happinessandsecurity.Asaresult,theyareemployeddoingjobsthataffordthemlittleornosatisfaction.Ourschoolgraduatesfacesomuchcompetitionthattheyseldomcarewhattheydosolongastheycanearnaliving.Somestaylongatajobandlearntolikeit,othersmovefromonejobtoanotherlookingforsomethingtosuitthem.Theyounggraduateswholeavetheuniversitylookforjobsthatofferasalaryuptotheirexpectations.Veryfewgooutintotheworldknowingexactlywhattheywantandrealizingtheirownabilities.Thereasonbehindallthisconfusionisthatthereneverhasbeenapropervocationalguidanceinoureducationalinstitutions.Nearlyallgropeinthedarkandtheirchiefconcernwhentheylookforajobistoaskwhatthesalaryislike.Theyneverbothertothinkwhethertheyaresuitedforthejobor,evenmoreimportant,whetherthejobsuitsthem.Havingajobismorethanmerelyprovidingyourselfandyourdependentswithdailybreadandsomemoneyforleisureandentertainment.Itsetsapatternoflifeand,inmany.ways,determinessocialstatusinlife,selectionoffriends,leisureandinterests.
Inchoosingacareeryoushouldfirstconsiderthetypeofworkwhichwillsuityourinterests.Nothingismoresadthantakingonajobinwhichyouhavenointerest,foritwillnotonlydiscourageyourdesiretosucceedinlifebutalsowasteyour.talentsandultimatelymakeyouanemotionalwreckandabitterperson.
(30)
A.Becausetheywanttoearnhighsalary.
B.Becauseschoolsdonotteachstudentshowtochoosejobs.
C.BecausetherehasbeenseverecompetitioI1inthejobmarket.
D.Becausetheyhavenoworkingexperience.
37.
【B5】
38.(36)
A.Amapofcups.
B.Photosofseaanimals.
C.Twopipesforplaying.
D.Amusicbox.
39.聽力原文:M:Doctor,thiscoughmedicinedoesn'tseemtobehelping.Canyougivemeadifferentprescription?
W:Let'sgiveitanotherdayortwotoseehowyouaredoingthen.
Q:Whatdoesthedoctorimply?
(17)
A.She'llbeawayfromtheofficefortwodays.
B.Themanshouldcontinueusingthemedicine.
C.Themandoesn'tneedanythingforhiscough.
D.She'llgivethemananewprescriptionrightaway.
40.SectionC
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe
聽力原文:TheAfricanancestorsoftoday'sblackAmericanswerebroughttotheU.S.asslavesintheseventeenth,eighteenth,andnineteenthcenturies.Theyworkedonfarms,especiallythelargefarmsinthesouthernstates.SlowlytheybecameanecessarypartoftheeconomicsystemoftheSouth.
Slavesdidnothavetherightsofpeople.Accordingtothelaw,theywere"things"whichbelongedtothepersonwhoboughtthem.Theyhadtoobeytheordersoftheirownerwithoutquestion.Theywerenotallowedtolearntoread;theirownersfearedthateducatedslaveswouldbegintothinkabouttheinjusticeofthesystemandwouldlearntostrugglefortheirfreedom.Slaveshadtoworklonghoursinextremelyunhealthyconditions.Theirownershadcompletepoweroverthem.Theycouldbeboughtandsoldlikeanimalsattheslavemarkets,blackchildrenwereseparatedfromtheirparentsandneversawthemagain.Slaveownershadtherighttopunishseverelyanyslavewhobrokerulesorprotestedagainstthesystem.Slaveswereoftenbeatenbrutallybytheirownersorkilled.AftertheCivilWar,onefreeslavereportedthathisownerkilledanolderslavewhowasteachinghimtoread.Therewasalawagainstbrutalitytoslaves,sointheoryanownerwhotreatedaslavebadlycouldbepunished.Inpractice,however,thelawmeantnothing.Anotherlawsaidthatslavescouldnotgiveevidenceagainstwhitepeople,soveryfewownerswereeverpunishedfortheirbrutality.
TheAfricanancestorsoftoday'sblackAmericanswerebroughttotheU.S.asslavesintheseventeenth,eighteenth,andnineteenthcenturies.Theyworkedonfarms,especiallythelargefarmsinthe(36)______states.Slowlytheybecamea(37)______partoftheeconomicsystemoftheSouth.
Slavesdidnothavetherightsofpeople.Accordingtothelaw,theywere"things"whichbelongedtothepersonwhoboughtthem.Theyhadto(38)______theordersoftheirownerswithoutquestion.Theywerenotallowedtolearntoread;theirownersfearedthat(39)______slaveswouldbegintothinkabouttheinjusticeofthesystemandwouldlearntostrugglefortheir(40)______.Slaveshadtoworklonghoursinextremelyunhealthyconditions.Theirownershadcompletepoweroverthem.TheycouldbeboughtandSoldlikeanimalsattheslavemarkets,blackchildrenwere(41)______fromtheirparentsandneversawthemagain.Slaveownershadthefighttopunishseverelyanyslavewhobrokerulesor(42)______againstthesystem.Slaveswereoftenbeaten(43)______bytheirownersorkilled.(44)____________.Therewasalawagainstbrutalitytoslaves,so(45)____________.Inpractice,however,thelawmeantnothing.(46)____________.
三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.
【C8】
42.Howdoestheauthorseepathologicalfatigue?
A.Somepathologicalfatigueisgoodforpeople.
B.Everyoneisvulnerabletopathologicalfatigue.
C.Pathologicalfatigueneedsnomedicalattention.
D.Pathologicalfatigueharmspeoplepsychologicallyonly.
43.
Accordingmthefirstparagraph,theaimofBasicEnglishis______.
44.
WhydidtheUKprovidea$3.3billionloantoIcelandaccordingtothepassage?
45.
Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.MyFavoritePoster.
B.TakeLifeSeriously.
C.FaceChallengeofLife.
D.LifeIsOnlyATest.
46.(61)
47.SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Todaytheworld'seconomyisgoingthroughtwogreatchanges,bothbiggerthananAsianfinancialcrisishereoraEuropeanmonetaryunionthere.
Thefirstchangeisthatalotofindustrial【C1】______ismovingfromtheUnitedStates,WesternEuropeandJapantodevelopingcountriesinLatinAmerica,South-EastAsiaandEasternEurope.In1950,theUnitedStatesalone【C2】______formorethanhalfoftheworld'seconomyoutput.In1990,its【C3】______wasdowntoaquarter.By1990,40%ofIBM'semployeeswerenon-Americans;Whirlpool,America'sleading【C4】______ofdomesticappliances,cutitsAmericanlaborforceby10%.Quitesoonnow,manybigwesterncompanieswillhavemore【C5】______(andcustomers)inpoorcountriesthaninrichones.
Thesecondgreatchangeisthat,intherichcountriesoftheOECD,thebalanceofeconomicactivityis【C6】______frommanufacturingtoservicing.IntheUnitedStatesandBritain,the【C7】______ofworkersinmanufacturinghasshrunksince1900fromaround40%tobarelyhalfthat.EveninGermanyandJapan,whichrebuiltsomany【C8】______after1945,manufacturing'sshareofjobsisnowbelow30%.Theeffectofthe【C9】______isincreasedwithmanufacturingmovesfromrichcountriestothedevelopingones,whosecheaplaborgivesthemasharpadvantageinmanyofthe【C10】______tasksrequiredbymassproduction.
A—outputB—shiftC—proportion
D—accountedE—factoriesF—employees
G—consumerH—occupiedI—various
J—swingingK—productionL—enormous
M—weaponsN—varyingO—supplier
【C1】
48.SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.
BillGates,thebillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearneduniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthofthebusinessworld'sfavoriteacademictitle:theMBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration).
TheMBA,a20th-centuryproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreed(貪婪)onthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuchasphilosophyandliterature.
Butevenwiththerecessionapparentlycuttingintothehiringofbusinessschoolgraduates,about79,000peopleareexpectedtoreceiveMBAsin1993.Thisisnearly16timesthenumberofbusinessgraduatesin1960,atestimonytothewidespreadassumptionthattheMBAisvitalforyoungmenandwomenwhowanttoruncompaniessomeday.
"Ifyouaregoingintothecorporateworlditisstilladisadvantagenottohaveone,"saidDonaldMorrison,Professorofmarketingandmanagementscience."Butinthelastfiveyearsorso,whensomeonesays,'ShouldIattempttogetanMBA?'theansweralotmoreis:Itdepends."
ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.
TheHarvardBusinessReviewprintedalively,fictionalexchangeofletterstodramatizecomplaintsaboutbusinessdegreeholders.
ThearticlecalledMBAhires"extremelydisappointing"andsaid"MBAswanttomoveuptoofast,theydon'tunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren'tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.Butbythen,they'reoutlookingforotherjobs".
Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledge,isthattheMBAhasacquiredanaura(光環(huán))offuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.
Enrollmentinbusinessschoolsexplodedinthe1970sand1980sandcreatedtheassumptionthatnoonewhopursuedabusinesscareercoulddowithoutone.Thegrowthwasfueledbyabacklash(反沖)againsttheanti-businessvaluesofthe1960sandbythewomen'smovement.
BusinesspeoplewhohavehiredorworkedwithMBAssaythosewiththedegreesoftenknowhowtoanalyzesystemsbutarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople."Theydon'tgetalotofgroundinginthepeoplesideofthebusiness,"saidJamesShatter,vice-presidentandprincipaloftheTowersPerrinmanagementconsultingfirm.
AccordingtoParagraph2,whatisthegeneralattitudetowardsbusinessoncampusesdominatedbypurerdisciplines?
A.Scornful.B.Appreciative.C.Envious.D.Realistic.
49.
Cartheftismainlycausedby______.
50.
Whydoespromotionmattersomuchforthosewhohavealreadyacquiredhighsocialstatus?
51.Accordingtothepassage,whendidHerakleionandEasternCanopusdisappear?
52.
Inthelastparagraph,theauthorcitesKeats'epitaphtoshowthat______.
A.thepoetfinallydiedinthese
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