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2022-2023年山西省忻州市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.Visawillintroduceanew"waveandpay"cardinLondonforpurchases______.

A.under$25B.under£10C.abroadD.intraveling

2.

DifferentversionsofAdhcan______toafruitfly'ssurvival.

3.

Accordingtothepassage,theonlyform.ofInternethoaxesise-mailhoax.

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Thewriterproposestousethesamerateforalltypesofmaterialandforallreadingpurposes.

A.YB.NC.NG

5.

100caloriesinacanofsodaequalsto______.

A.200,000regularcalories

B.200kilocalories

C.100kilocalories

D.4,184joules

6.Thosepeoplewhohavesetupcorrectgoalswillalwaysbehappy.

7.

Contaminatedtoothbrusheshavebeenalreadyshowntotransmitvirusesandbacteria.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.

MostAmericanswouldpreferanorganizationalsysteminwhichtheyareresponsiblefor______.

9.

MorethanhalfofAmericansnowusetheInternet.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Someattractiveruralregionsnotfarfromthecitiesarewitnessingacertain______,asmoreandmorechildlessseniorsmovetowardscities.

11.TheMagicofMemory

—ByLaurenceCherry

Ourmemoriesareprobablyourmostcherishedpossessions.Morethananythingelseweown,theybelonguniquelytous,definingourpersonalitiesandourviewsoftheworld.Eachofuscansummonthousandsofmemoriesatwill:ourfirstdayatschool,afavoritefamilypet,asummerhouseweloved.Andyetthemarvelofmemorycontinuestobeatantalizing(挑逗性的)mystery.Nevertheless,withinthepastfewyearsgreatadvanceshavebeenmadeinunderstandingwhatmemoryis,howitworks,andhowitmaypossiblybeimproved."We'restandingatthebrinkofawholenewerainmemoryresearch,"saysDr.StevenFerris,apsychologistattheMillhauserGeriatric(老年醫(yī)學(xué)的)Clinic."Forthefirsttime,there'sageneralfeelingthatwe'rereallyontherighttrack."

Foryears,theprevailingtheorywasthatrememberingwassomehowconnectedtoelectricalactivityinsidethebrain.Butwithinthepastdecade,it'sbecomeclearthatchemicalchangesmustalsobeinvolved,otherwiseourmemoriescouldneversurvivedeep-freeze,coma,anesthesia(麻醉)andothereventsthatradicallydisruptthebrain'selectricalactivity.Ingeniousresearchoverthepastfewyearshasdemonstratedthatbiochemicalchangesdoindeedaccompanylearningandremembering.Inonedramaticexperiment,mice,whousuallypreferthesafetyofdarkness,weretaughttofearthedarkandwerethenkilled.Extractsoftheirbrainswereinjectedintountrainedmice,andtheythenbegantoshunthedark.Otherexperimentershaveshownthattheamountsofcertainchemicals,suchasRNA(核糖核酸),radicallyincreasewithlearning,asdotheamountsofcertainneurotransmitters(神經(jīng)傳遞素)—chemicalsreleasedbybraincellsthathelpconductnerveimpulsesfromonebraincelltoanother.Memory,then,isalsochemicalinnature,althoughexactlyinwhatwayremainsamystery.

Almostallmemoryresearchersnowagreethatourbrainsrecord—andonsomelevelremember—everythingthateverhappenstous.Manypeoplewho'venarrowlyescapedsuddendeath,suchassoldiersandmountainclimbers,havereportedthatinthefewsecondsthatseemedlefttothemastreamoflong-lostmemoriesflashedbeforethem.ThefirstexperimentalconfirmationthatthebraindoesrecordeveryexperienceinthisminutewaycamesomeyearsagofromDr.WilderPenfieldoftheMontrealNeurologicalInstitute.Hehopedtocureepileptics(癲癇病人)bystimulatingapartoftheirbrainscalledthetemporalcortex(腦的顳皮層)withamildelectriccurrent.Becausethebrainisimmunetopain,Penfieldwasabletooperatewithhispatientsfullyawake.Tohisastonishment,simplybytouchingthebrainsofsomepatientswiththetipofhiswire-thinelectrode(電極)hewasabletoevokeastonishinglypreciseandvividmemories."Iseeaguycomingthroughthefenceatthebaseballgame,"exclaimedonepatient,wheneverPenfieldtouchedtheupperpartofhislefttemporallobe(腦葉)."It'sthemiddleofthegame,andI'mbacktherewatchinghim)"Anotherwomanreportedbeingbackataconcertshehadonceattendedandcouldevenhumalongwiththeorchestrawheneverherbrainwasstimulated.

Investigatorsusinghypnosis(催眠術(shù))havebeenasastonishedasPenfieldattheamazingcapacityofourmemories.Onceinatrance(昏睡),goodhypnoticsubjectscanreportdetailedrecollectionsofeventsthattookplacedays,months,evendecadesago—which,whencheckedagainstoldrecordsanddiaries,turnouttobeaccurate."Everything,absolutelyeverything,isremembered,"saysonehypnotist.

Evensenilepatients,whocanhardlyrememberrecenteventsatall,retaintheabilitytoremembernewexperiences,butonlyver

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

Overall,about_______%oftheproblem-behavior.preventionprogrammesgeneratedsatisfyingresults.

13.Thereleaseoflargequantitiesofthegreenhousegasmethaneaspermafrostmeltswillspeedup______.

14.

Theparentsurgehighschoolteacherstodevelopmorelenientgradingsystemsbecausetheythinkitwill______.

A.enhancethechildren'sself-esteem

B.helpthechildrenwiththeacademicperformance

C.plummetthechildren'sself-esteem

D.makethechildrenmorecompetent

15.

Whenstudentsfirstbecomeawareofthefactthattheyaresubvocalizing,theyoftentrytostopitbysheer______.

16.

Notpreventingaproductfrombeingcopiedmakesatrademarkdifferfroma______.

17.DavidVaughan'sgroupfoundthatmostoftheglaciersalongthePeninsulawereinretreat.

18.

ThesuccessofEdison,PicassoorevenShakespeareliesontheirabilityto______ratherthanmerecreativecapacity.

19.

Marketsdonotnecessarilytotallyonthepriceofdemandedgoods.

A.YB.NC.NG

20.

WhichofthefollowinggraphmostaccuratelydescribesCanadiancodcatchesfrom1950to19927______.

A.

B.

C.

D.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B6】

22.(31)

A.Howtobuyorsellshares.

B.Basicknowledgeofstockmarket.

C.Thestockmarketislikegambling.

D.Investingmoneyinthestockmarketisnotthesafestway.

23.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文:ThesilenceoftheReferenceLibrarywasbrokenonlybyanoccasionalcoughandnowandthenbythescarcelyaudiblesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.Therewereabouttwentypeopleintheroom,mostofthemwiththeirheadsbentovertheirbooks.Theassistantlibrarianwhowasinchargeoftheroomsatatadeskinonecomer.SheglancedatPhilipashecamein,andthenwentonwithherwork.

Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.Hewalkedaroundtheroomalmostontiptoe,afraidofdisturbingtheindustriousreaderswithhisheavyshoes.Theshelveswerefilledwiththickvolumes:dictionariesinanylanguages,encyclopedias,atlases,biographiesandotherworksofreference.Hefoundnothingthatwaslikelytointeresthimuntilhecametoasmallshelfoutofhisreach,sohehadtofetchasmallladderinordertogetonedown.Unfortunately,ashewasclimbingdowntheladder,thebookhehadchosenslippedfromhisgraspandfelltothefloorwithaloudcrash.Twentypairsofeyeslookedupathimsimultaneously,annoyedbyhisunaccustomeddisturbance.Philipfelthimselfgoredashepickeduphisbook,whichdidnotseemtohavebeendamagedbyitsfall.

Hehadjustsatdownwhenhefoundtheyoungladyassistantstandingalongsidehim."Youmustbemorecarefulwhenyouarehandlingthesebooks."shesaidseverely.Satisfiedthatshehaddoneherduty,sheturnedtogobacktoherdesk.Thenasuddenthoughtstruckher."Bytheway,howoldareyou?'sheaskedPhilip."Thirteen."Hetoldher."Youarenotallowedinhereifyou'reundertheageoffourteen,youknow,"theassistantsaid."Didn'tyouseethenoticeonthedoor?"Philipshookhishead.Heexpectedtheassistanttoaskhimtoleave.Instead,inamorekindlytone,shesaid,"Well,nevermind.Butmakesurethatyoudon'tdisturbtheotherreadersagain,otherwiseIshallhavetoaskyoutoleave."

(27)

A.Philiphasnotbeentothispartofthelibrarybefore.

B.Itwasveryquietinthelibrary.

C.Philipfellofftheladderandmadealoudnoise.

D.Thelibrarianwasverykindtoreaders.

24.聽力原文:W:Wehaveawideselectionofcolorfilms.Whatexactlydoyouhaveinmind?

M:IwouldlikeonethatmadeinJapan.

Q:Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelytakeplace?

(16)

A.Inabookstore.

B.Atthecamerashop.

C.Inahospital.

D.Atajewelrystore.

25.聽力原文:W:Hi,John!

M:Hi,Beth!

W:Congratulations!Iheardyou'vegotapart-timejob.

M:No.IwishIhad.I'mstillonthewaitinglist.

W:Seemslikeit'shardtogetagoodpart-timejobthesedays.

M:Youbet.I'vebeensearchingonlinefordays,butthere'slittlechance...

W:Funny,isn'tit?You'reaManagementmajorconcentratingonMarketing.Nowyou'vegottolearnhowtomarketyourself!Whynotlookinthelocalpaper?There'reoftenlotsofjobsinit.

M:Areyoukidding?Theunemploymentfiguresareupagainthismonth!

W:Don'tbesonegative.Lookatthejobsintheclassifiedsintoday'spaper...somanyopenings.Justprintoutyourresumeandsendittothem.

M:Iusuallyapplyonline.Isendashortcoverletterinthetextoftheemail,andthenattachmyresume.It'sconvenient.Whataboutyou?Anyluck?

W:Well,Ihaven'tevenstartedplanningtolookforajobyet.IfonlyIhadmoretime,Icoulddoit.

M:Whysobusy?

W:Well,Ididn'tgetgoodgradeslastsemesterandfailedtwotests...

M:Sorrytohearthat.Ithinknoonedeservesgoodgradesmorethanyou!

W:Thank.you.Themainreason,Iguess,wasthatIdidn'tgetaccustomedtothewayoflearninghere.Well,wherethere'sawill,there'saway.Iwishyougoodluckonyourjobsearch.

(20)

A.Hehasgotapart-timejob.

B.Heisstillonthewaitinglist.

C.Hehasnotyetstartedtolookforajob.

D.Heisplanningtolookforajob.

26.聽力原文:M:Well,(22)today'spersonalityguestisSallyGladwin.Sally'sonlysixteenyearsold.Well,it'saratherincrediblesuccessstory,isn'tit,Sally?

W:Itis,yes,really.

M:Yousee,Sallyinventsgames,butvideogames,andshe'saverysuccessfulinventorindeed.Canyougiveusanideaofhowmuchyoudoearn?

W:Well,Igetabasicsalaryof17,000poundsayear,andthecompanypaysmebonusesofabout1,500poundsamonth.

M:Whatdoyouspendallthatmoneyon?

W:Well,Ihaven'tgotexpensivehabits,andIpaymymother20poundsaweekfor,youknow,tohelpwiththehousekeeping.Ithinkithelpsbecausemydaddoesn'tearnallthatmuchmoney.

M:Yourdad'sabusdriver,infact,isn'the?

W:Yes,onthecitybuses,onroute36usually.

M:Andwhatdoeshethinkofallthis?

W:Well,atfirstwhenIstartedtoplaythesegamesintheamusementplaces,(23)he'dsay,"Comeon,you'rewastingyourmoneyandyourtime".

M:Didhegiveyoupocketmoneytoplayonthem,maybe?

W:Yes,atonetime,Iearned8poundsaweeksothatwayIWasabletopayformyself.

M:Andnowwhatdoesyourfatherthink?

W:(23)Actuallyhe'sgotmixedfeelings.Imean,fromthem.Hesimplycan'tbelieveit.

M:(24)Thecomputerwilldisappearinthefuture?

W:Oh,no,(24)they'reheretostay.

(23)

A.Inastudio.

B.Inastore.

C.Atthefashionshow.

D.Atthepark.

27.(24)

A.Gender.B.Ability.C.Experience.D.Age.

28.(38)

29.(29)

A.Theyarelesslikelytorunaway.

B.It'seasierfortheirmasterstotrainthem.

C.Theyarelesslikelytobeshywithhumanbeings.

D.It'seasierforthemtoform.arelationshipwiththeirmasters.

30.

【B7】

31.聽力原文:W:Hi,Jack,IheardthatyouwerestudyinglawinBritain.Canyoutellmehowtheclassesarearrangedthere?

M:Sure.Basically,ourclassesaremadeupoftwomajorparts:lecturesandseminars.ThelecturesarejustlikethegeneralclassesinChina.

W:Youmean,teachersgivepresentations,andstudentslisten?

M:Yeah.Butthestudentsarefreertoaskquestions.Theclassroomatmosphereiswarmertoo.

W:Ok.Howabouttheseminars?

M:Intheseminars,studentsareencouragedtodosomecasestudy.Inthecasestudy,studentsareencouragedtosharetheirviewswiththeclassmates.Studentsneedtomakefullpreparation.Theyneednotonlytostudyrelevantlaws,butalsotoreadrelevantcasestobenefittheclass.

W:Butwhatdoprofessorsdointheseminar?

M:Professorsareonlyorganizersofit.Theydon’texpresstheirideas.

W:Doeseveryonehaveachancetoexpresshisideaintheseminar?

M:Yes,sinceourclassisverysmall.Generally,thereareonly8to10studentsinoneclass.

W:Oh,thatisaverysmallclass.Howaboutthelecture?Howmanystudentsarethereinoneclass?

M:Thelectureclassismuchbigger.Sometimes,therecanbemorethanonehundredofusinoneclass.

W:Isee.

(23)

A.Thesizeisverysmall

B.Professorsdothepresentationinlectureclasses.

C.Studentscan'taskquestions.

D.Studentsshouldbeveryactiveinlectureclasses.

32.

【B3】

33.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文:Anunusualform.oflegalsystemprevailedinEskimosocietiesintheharshArcticregions.Eskimosocietieswereorganizedintolocalgroupsthatlackedanyrealform.ofgovernment,althoughtheyhadaheadmanwholedthegroup.Theheadmanhadnolegalorjudicialauthority,andtherewereveryfewlawsinthesecultures.TheEskimosalsorecognizedfewcrimesagainstpropertybecausepeopledidnotownland.Thecustomoffreelyborrowinggoodsfromeachotheralsodiscouragedstealing.

Inthepast,certainEskimoculturespermittedsomeformsofhomicide,includingthekillingofsicklyinfants,senileorsicklyelderlypersons,andinvalids.Theseactionswereapprovedsothatthesociety'sresourcescouldbeusedtosupportthehealthy.Accesstomoderntransportationandmedicinehasgreatlychangedthissituation.

IntheEskimos'cultures,wifestealingwasnotacrime,anditwasusuallycommittedbyamanwhosoughttooutranksociallythemanwhosewifewasstolen.Legaldisputes,suchaswifestealing,weresettledbythemurderoftheoffender(andtheriskofapossiblefeudwiththeoffender'srelatives)orbyasongcontestduringwhicheachpartyinsultedtheother.Thewinnerisdeterminedbywhoeverreceivedthemostapplause.

(27)

A.Becauseaheadmanhadnolegalauthority.

B.Becausepeopledidn'townland.

C.Becausetherewerenostrictlawsagainsthomicide.

D.Becausetherewerelimitedresources.

34.(13)

A.Thewomanoftencomestoseetheman.

B.Lindaoftentakescareofthewoman.

C.ThewomanwantstohelpLinda.

D.ThewomanisLinda'steacher.

35.(28)

A.Theysmiletocoverembarrassment.

B.Itisanunusualandevensuspiciousbehavior.

C.Theysmiletoshowpoliteness.

D.Itisanexpressionofpleasure.

36.聽力原文:Toooftenyoungpeoplegetthemselvesemployedquitebyaccident,notknowingwhatliesinthewayofopportunityforpromotion,happinessandsecurity.Asaresult,theyareemployeddoingjobsthataffordthemlittleornosatisfaction.Ourschoolgraduatesfacesomuchcompetitionthattheyseldomcarewhattheydosolongastheycanearnaliving.Somestaylongatajobandlearntolikeit,othersmovefromonejobtoanotherlookingforsomethingtosuitthem.Theyounggraduateswholeavetheuniversitylookforjobsthatofferasalaryuptotheirexpectations.Veryfewgooutintotheworldknowingexactlywhattheywantandrealizingtheirownabilities.Thereasonbehindallthisconfusionisthatthereneverhasbeenapropervocationalguidanceinoureducationalinstitutions.Nearlyallgropeinthedarkandtheirchiefconcernwhentheylookforajobistoaskwhatthesalaryislike.Theyneverbothertothinkwhethertheyaresuitedforthejobor,evenmoreimportant,whetherthejobsuitsthem.Havingajobismorethanmerelyprovidingyourselfandyourdependentswithdailybreadandsomemoneyforleisureandentertainment.Itsetsapatternoflifeand,inmany.ways,determinessocialstatusinlife,selectionoffriends,leisureandinterests.

Inchoosingacareeryoushouldfirstconsiderthetypeofworkwhichwillsuityourinterests.Nothingismoresadthantakingonajobinwhichyouhavenointerest,foritwillnotonlydiscourageyourdesiretosucceedinlifebutalsowasteyour.talentsandultimatelymakeyouanemotionalwreckandabitterperson.

(30)

A.Becausetheywanttoearnhighsalary.

B.Becauseschoolsdonotteachstudentshowtochoosejobs.

C.BecausetherehasbeenseverecompetitioI1inthejobmarket.

D.Becausetheyhavenoworkingexperience.

37.

【B5】

38.(36)

A.Amapofcups.

B.Photosofseaanimals.

C.Twopipesforplaying.

D.Amusicbox.

39.聽力原文:M:Doctor,thiscoughmedicinedoesn'tseemtobehelping.Canyougivemeadifferentprescription?

W:Let'sgiveitanotherdayortwotoseehowyouaredoingthen.

Q:Whatdoesthedoctorimply?

(17)

A.She'llbeawayfromtheofficefortwodays.

B.Themanshouldcontinueusingthemedicine.

C.Themandoesn'tneedanythingforhiscough.

D.She'llgivethemananewprescriptionrightaway.

40.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文:TheAfricanancestorsoftoday'sblackAmericanswerebroughttotheU.S.asslavesintheseventeenth,eighteenth,andnineteenthcenturies.Theyworkedonfarms,especiallythelargefarmsinthesouthernstates.SlowlytheybecameanecessarypartoftheeconomicsystemoftheSouth.

Slavesdidnothavetherightsofpeople.Accordingtothelaw,theywere"things"whichbelongedtothepersonwhoboughtthem.Theyhadtoobeytheordersoftheirownerwithoutquestion.Theywerenotallowedtolearntoread;theirownersfearedthateducatedslaveswouldbegintothinkabouttheinjusticeofthesystemandwouldlearntostrugglefortheirfreedom.Slaveshadtoworklonghoursinextremelyunhealthyconditions.Theirownershadcompletepoweroverthem.Theycouldbeboughtandsoldlikeanimalsattheslavemarkets,blackchildrenwereseparatedfromtheirparentsandneversawthemagain.Slaveownershadtherighttopunishseverelyanyslavewhobrokerulesorprotestedagainstthesystem.Slaveswereoftenbeatenbrutallybytheirownersorkilled.AftertheCivilWar,onefreeslavereportedthathisownerkilledanolderslavewhowasteachinghimtoread.Therewasalawagainstbrutalitytoslaves,sointheoryanownerwhotreatedaslavebadlycouldbepunished.Inpractice,however,thelawmeantnothing.Anotherlawsaidthatslavescouldnotgiveevidenceagainstwhitepeople,soveryfewownerswereeverpunishedfortheirbrutality.

TheAfricanancestorsoftoday'sblackAmericanswerebroughttotheU.S.asslavesintheseventeenth,eighteenth,andnineteenthcenturies.Theyworkedonfarms,especiallythelargefarmsinthe(36)______states.Slowlytheybecamea(37)______partoftheeconomicsystemoftheSouth.

Slavesdidnothavetherightsofpeople.Accordingtothelaw,theywere"things"whichbelongedtothepersonwhoboughtthem.Theyhadto(38)______theordersoftheirownerswithoutquestion.Theywerenotallowedtolearntoread;theirownersfearedthat(39)______slaveswouldbegintothinkabouttheinjusticeofthesystemandwouldlearntostrugglefortheir(40)______.Slaveshadtoworklonghoursinextremelyunhealthyconditions.Theirownershadcompletepoweroverthem.TheycouldbeboughtandSoldlikeanimalsattheslavemarkets,blackchildrenwere(41)______fromtheirparentsandneversawthemagain.Slaveownershadthefighttopunishseverelyanyslavewhobrokerulesor(42)______againstthesystem.Slaveswereoftenbeaten(43)______bytheirownersorkilled.(44)____________.Therewasalawagainstbrutalitytoslaves,so(45)____________.Inpractice,however,thelawmeantnothing.(46)____________.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

【C8】

42.Howdoestheauthorseepathologicalfatigue?

A.Somepathologicalfatigueisgoodforpeople.

B.Everyoneisvulnerabletopathologicalfatigue.

C.Pathologicalfatigueneedsnomedicalattention.

D.Pathologicalfatigueharmspeoplepsychologicallyonly.

43.

Accordingmthefirstparagraph,theaimofBasicEnglishis______.

44.

WhydidtheUKprovidea$3.3billionloantoIcelandaccordingtothepassage?

45.

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.MyFavoritePoster.

B.TakeLifeSeriously.

C.FaceChallengeofLife.

D.LifeIsOnlyATest.

46.(61)

47.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Todaytheworld'seconomyisgoingthroughtwogreatchanges,bothbiggerthananAsianfinancialcrisishereoraEuropeanmonetaryunionthere.

Thefirstchangeisthatalotofindustrial【C1】______ismovingfromtheUnitedStates,WesternEuropeandJapantodevelopingcountriesinLatinAmerica,South-EastAsiaandEasternEurope.In1950,theUnitedStatesalone【C2】______formorethanhalfoftheworld'seconomyoutput.In1990,its【C3】______wasdowntoaquarter.By1990,40%ofIBM'semployeeswerenon-Americans;Whirlpool,America'sleading【C4】______ofdomesticappliances,cutitsAmericanlaborforceby10%.Quitesoonnow,manybigwesterncompanieswillhavemore【C5】______(andcustomers)inpoorcountriesthaninrichones.

Thesecondgreatchangeisthat,intherichcountriesoftheOECD,thebalanceofeconomicactivityis【C6】______frommanufacturingtoservicing.IntheUnitedStatesandBritain,the【C7】______ofworkersinmanufacturinghasshrunksince1900fromaround40%tobarelyhalfthat.EveninGermanyandJapan,whichrebuiltsomany【C8】______after1945,manufacturing'sshareofjobsisnowbelow30%.Theeffectofthe【C9】______isincreasedwithmanufacturingmovesfromrichcountriestothedevelopingones,whosecheaplaborgivesthemasharpadvantageinmanyofthe【C10】______tasksrequiredbymassproduction.

A—outputB—shiftC—proportion

D—accountedE—factoriesF—employees

G—consumerH—occupiedI—various

J—swingingK—productionL—enormous

M—weaponsN—varyingO—supplier

【C1】

48.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

BillGates,thebillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearneduniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsabouttheworthofthebusinessworld'sfavoriteacademictitle:theMBA(MasterofBusinessAdministration).

TheMBA,a20th-centuryproduct,alwayshasbornethemarkoflowlycommerceandgreed(貪婪)onthetree-linedcampusesruledbypurerdisciplinessuchasphilosophyandliterature.

Butevenwiththerecessionapparentlycuttingintothehiringofbusinessschoolgraduates,about79,000peopleareexpectedtoreceiveMBAsin1993.Thisisnearly16timesthenumberofbusinessgraduatesin1960,atestimonytothewidespreadassumptionthattheMBAisvitalforyoungmenandwomenwhowanttoruncompaniessomeday.

"Ifyouaregoingintothecorporateworlditisstilladisadvantagenottohaveone,"saidDonaldMorrison,Professorofmarketingandmanagementscience."Butinthelastfiveyearsorso,whensomeonesays,'ShouldIattempttogetanMBA?'theansweralotmoreis:Itdepends."

ThesuccessofBillGatesandothernon-MBAs,suchasthelateSamWaltonofWal-MartStoresInc.,hashelpedinspireself-consciousdebatesonbusinessschoolcampusesovertheworthofabusinessdegreeandwhethermanagementskillscanbetaught.

TheHarvardBusinessReviewprintedalively,fictionalexchangeofletterstodramatizecomplaintsaboutbusinessdegreeholders.

ThearticlecalledMBAhires"extremelydisappointing"andsaid"MBAswanttomoveuptoofast,theydon'tunderstandpoliticsandpeople,andtheyaren'tabletofunctionaspartofateamuntiltheirthirdyear.Butbythen,they'reoutlookingforotherjobs".

Theproblem,mostparticipantsinthedebateacknowledge,isthattheMBAhasacquiredanaura(光環(huán))offuturerichesandpowerfarbeyonditsactualimportanceandusefulness.

Enrollmentinbusinessschoolsexplodedinthe1970sand1980sandcreatedtheassumptionthatnoonewhopursuedabusinesscareercoulddowithoutone.Thegrowthwasfueledbyabacklash(反沖)againsttheanti-businessvaluesofthe1960sandbythewomen'smovement.

BusinesspeoplewhohavehiredorworkedwithMBAssaythosewiththedegreesoftenknowhowtoanalyzesystemsbutarenotsoskillfulatmotivatingpeople."Theydon'tgetalotofgroundinginthepeoplesideofthebusiness,"saidJamesShatter,vice-presidentandprincipaloftheTowersPerrinmanagementconsultingfirm.

AccordingtoParagraph2,whatisthegeneralattitudetowardsbusinessoncampusesdominatedbypurerdisciplines?

A.Scornful.B.Appreciative.C.Envious.D.Realistic.

49.

Cartheftismainlycausedby______.

50.

Whydoespromotionmattersomuchforthosewhohavealreadyacquiredhighsocialstatus?

51.Accordingtothepassage,whendidHerakleionandEasternCanopusdisappear?

52.

Inthelastparagraph,theauthorcitesKeats'epitaphtoshowthat______.

A.thepoetfinallydiedinthese

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