名詞解釋與英文簡(jiǎn)答植物學(xué)期末復(fù)習(xí)資料

千里之行，始于足下讓知識(shí)帶有溫度。第第2頁(yè)/共2頁(yè)精品文檔推薦名詞解釋與英文簡(jiǎn)答(植物學(xué)期末復(fù)習(xí)資料名詞解釋與英文簡(jiǎn)答

名詞解釋

胞間連絲plasmodesma

Fluidsanddissolvedsubstancescanpassthroughprimarywallsofadjacentcellsviaplasmodesmawhicharetinystrandsofcytoplasmthatextendbetweenthecellsthroughminuteopenings.

由質(zhì)膜包圍的直徑狹窄的通道，內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)管貫通其中，原生質(zhì)體間物質(zhì)運(yùn)輸和信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)的橋梁。細(xì)胞周期cellcycle

Imonly,thecellcycleisdividedintointerphaseandmitosis.

細(xì)胞周期：有分裂能力的細(xì)胞，由一次分裂結(jié)束到下一次分裂完成所經(jīng)受的囫圇歷程。包括分裂間期和分裂期。

凱氏帶casparianstrip

abandofwaterproofmaterialaroundtheradialandtransversecellsoftheendodermis.ensurethatwaterandmineralsenterthexylemonlybypassingthroughtheendodermalcells.pollination傳粉

processthatpollensfromonefloweraretransferredtostigmaofanotherflowers.

Self-pollination自花傳粉

Pollensaretransferredtostigmaofsameflowers.

Cross-pollination異花傳粉

Pollenistransferredfromthestamenofoneplanttothesigmaofadifferentplant.

Biodiversity生物多樣性

Biodiversityisthedegreeofvariationoflife.Thiscanrefertogeneticvariation,speciesvariation,orecosystemvariationwithinanarea,biome,orplanet.

Cellgrowth細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)

Growth,anirreversibleincreaseinsize,isaccomplishedbyacombinationofcelldivisionandcellenlargement.

Celldifferentiation細(xì)胞的分化

Theprocessbywhichcellsthathaveidenticalgeneticconstitutionsbecomedifferentfromoneanotherandfromthemeristematiccellsfromwhichtheyoriginated.

Tissue組織

Atissueisagroupofcellsthatformsastructuralandfunctionalunit.

Organ器官

Inbiology,anorganisacollectionoftissuesjoinedinastructuralunittoserveacommonfunction.

Root根

Rootsareplants’linktotheundergroundenvironment.

Vascularcambium維管形成層

Thevascularcambiumisathinlayerofcellssandwichedbetweenthexylemandthephloeminthevascularbundles.

Leaves葉

Thelateralorgansofashoot.typicallyhaveamore-or–lessflattenedform.andadorsiventralstructure.

Incompleteleave不徹低葉

Lackofanyoneortwopartsofpetiole,bladeandstipule.

Flower花

Theflowerisacharacteristicsystemofreproductiveorgansofangiospermsinwhichtwobasicprocessesofsexualreproduction,meiosisandthefusionofmaleandfemalegametesoccurresultingintheproductionofanewgeneration,theembryo.

英文簡(jiǎn)答

細(xì)胞學(xué)說(shuō)Celltheory

1.alllivingorganismsarecomposedofoneormorecells.

2.thechemicalreactionsofalivingorganism,includingitsenergy-releasingprocessesandits

biosyntheticreactions,takeplacewithincells.

3.cellsarisefromothercells.

4.cellscontainthehereditaryinformationoftheorganismsofwhichtheyareapartandthis

informationispassedfromparentcelltodaughtercell.

Plasmamembranefunction質(zhì)膜的功能

1.Itmediatesthetransportofsubstancesintoandoftheprotoplast.

2.Itcoordinatesthesynthesisandassemblyofthecellulosemicrofibrilsthatmakeupthecell

wall.

3.Itreceivesandtransmitshormonalandenvironmentalsignalsinvolvedinthecontrolofcell

growthanddifferentiation.

Nuclearfunction細(xì)胞核的功能

Function

1.itcontrolstheongoingactivitiesofthecellbydeterminingwhichproteinmoleculesare

producedbusinessthecellandwhen